Progress 10/01/17 to 09/30/18
Outputs
Target Audience:Scientific community, stakeholders Changes/Problems:We didn't encounter any significant problems with our protocl and no changes were introduced What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Research activities are giving us the opportunity to train ABHS students. Undergraduates are excited about the research that is taking place in the Poultry Building and some senior students (i.e. Capstone course) are able to help in sampling protocols, and to have the hands-on experience so much needed in our program. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Peer-reviewed publication What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Objective 1a. Birds have been exposed to ambient temperature and we are expecting to induce hypothermia (environmental chambers) starting 2018. In collaborating with Auburn University (Dr. Jacob Johnson) we will initiate pulmonary hypertension measurements. Objective 1b. Nurudeen Taofeek is conducting the experiments associated with this objective (with undergraduate students help). Tissues, including proventriculus, hypothalamus and testis, have been collected placed with RNA latter and saved in the ultrafreezer. We expect to extract mRNA starting Fall 2017 followed by sequencing. Objective 1c. This experiment was initiated in Fall 2017. Several undergraduate students have been involved in this research.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Objective 1a. To evaluate the effect of feed restriction and differential ambient temperature on the incidence of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in broilers. We developed a cannulation technique in broilers that allows for continuous blood sampling and infusion in unrestrained birds with free access to feed and water. The cannulation procedure minimizes the disturbance of experimental animals. Students involved in this objective: Nurudeen Taofeek (MS), and undergraduates: Victoria Ice-Gibbson and Candace Moore. Objective 1b. To evaluate the effect of feed restriction and differential ambient temperature on appetite-associated genes using next generation sequencing platforms in broilers Nurudeen Taofeek is conducting the experiments associated with this objective (with undergraduate students help). Tissues, including proventriculus, hypothalamus and testis, have been collected placed with RNA latter and saved in the ultrafreezer. Objective 1c. To evaluate the effect of sorrel (Hibiscus sabdariffa) in combination with probiotics (Bifidocterium longum) as a feeding strategy to reduce obesity in rats Nigel Chimbetete (PhD) is the graduate student leading this objective. Objective 2: To develop a new curriculum with emphasis on the causes, health consequences, and social impact of obesity,and the use of animals as models for research. The new Animal Bio-Health Sceicnes (ABHS) program was approved and most of the courses listed in the grant proposal have already been developed. This includes Animal Models in Biomedical Research, Research Methods in Bioscience, Animal Anatomy & Physiology. All three faculty in the ABHS program are involved in the delivery of this courses. In addition, new graduate courses are being added to allow graduate students interested in animal sciences to take advantage of those offerings. Examples include FAS 540 (Research Methods in Bioscience) as a face-to-face and on-line course
Publications
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Vizcarra, F.R., H. Wright, R. Long, M. Verghese, and J.A. Vizcarra. 2017. The Effect of Short- and Long-Term Feed Restriction on Ghrelin Concentrations in Turkeys. Association of Research Directors. Atlanta, Georgia. (Abs 421 p 193).
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Progress 01/29/15 to 12/31/17
Outputs
Target Audience:Scientific comunity Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?One PhD, and 3 undergraduate students were involved in this project. Students had the opportunity of being trained in cannulation techniques, blood sampling, recording of feed intake, as well as, general lab management How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results have been disseminated using the traditional oral presentation in Scientific Meetings What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
We were able to expose birds to mild hypothermia and measure pulmonary tension at Auburn University. Birds were successfully feed restricted, and we were able to obtain blood samples and measure feed intake. . Blood samples were obtained and feed intake was measured as indicated in the grant protocol.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Vizcarra, F. R., M. Verghese, and J. A. Vizcarra. 2018. Effect of short- and long-term feed restriction on ghrelin concentrations in turkeys. Poult. Sci. 97: 2183-2188.
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Progress 10/01/16 to 09/30/17
Outputs
Target Audience:Scientific community, stakeholders Changes/Problems:We didn't encounter any significant problems with our protocl and no changes were introduced What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Research activities are giving us the opportunity to train ABHS students. Undergraduates are excited about the research that is taking place in the Poultry Building and some senior students (i.e. Capstone course) are able to help in sampling protocols, and to have the hands-on experience so much needed in our program. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Peer-reviewed publications, Book Chapters, Conferences and by using our web site What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Objective 1a. Birds have been exposed to ambient temperature and we are expecting to induce hypothermia (environmental chambers) starting summer 2017. In collaborating with Auburn University (Dr. Jacob Johnson) we will initiate (summer 2017) pulmonary hypertension measurements. Objective 1b. Nurudeen Taofeek is conducting the experiments associated with this objective (with undergraduate students help). Tissues, including proventriculus, hypothalamus and testis, have been collected placed with RNA latter and saved in the ultrafreezer. We expect to extract mRNA starting Fall 2017 followed by sequencing. Objective 1c. We have identified Nigel Chimbetete as the graduate student leading this objective. We expect to start with experiments during this spring 2017. Several undergraduate students will be involved in this research.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Objective 1a. To evaluate the effect of feed restriction and differential ambient temperature on the incidence of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in broilers. We developed a cannulation technique in broilers that allows for continuous blood sampling and infusion in unrestrained birds with free access to feed and water. The cannulation procedure minimizes the disturbance of experimental animals. Students involved in this objective: Nurudeen Taofeek (MS), Nigel Chimbetete (PhD) and undergraduates: Tiffany Stage, Trijon White, Portia Hunter, Victoria Ice-Gibbson. In addition, several other students from different courses are invited to help with the project. Objective 1b. To evaluate the effect of feed restriction and differential ambient temperature on appetite-associated genes using next generation sequencing platforms in broilers Nurudeen Taofeek is conducting the experiments associated with this objective (with undergraduate students help). Tissues, including proventriculus, hypothalamus and testis, have been collected placed with RNA latter and saved in the ultrafreezer. Objective 1c. To evaluate the effect of sorrel (Hibiscus sabdariffa) in combination with probiotics (Bifidocterium longum) as a feeding strategy to reduce obesity in rats We have identified Nigel Chimbetete as the graduate student leading this objective. Objective 2: To develop a new curriculum with emphasis on the causes, health consequences, and social impact of obesity, and the use of animals as models for research. The new Animal Bio-Health Sceicnes (ABHS) program was approved and most of the courses listed in the grant proposal have already been developed. This includes Animal Models in Biomedical Research, Research Methods in Bioscience, Animal Anatomy & Physiology. All three faculty in the ABHS program are involved in the delivery of this courses. In addition, new graduate courses are being added to allow graduate students interested in animal sciences to take advantage of those offerings. Examples include FAS 540 (Research Methods in Bioscience) and FAS 528 (Reproductive Physiology).
Publications
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Kirby, J. and Vizcarra, J. 2015. Regulation of FSH secretion in broiler breeders. Rev. Bras. Reprod. Anim. 39(1) 91:96.
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Vizcarra, J., Alan, R., and Kirby, J. 2015. Chapter 29 - Reproduction in Male Birds. In C. G. Scanes (Ed.), Sturkie's Avian Physiology (Sixth Edition) (pp. 667-693). San Diego: Academic Press.
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Progress 10/01/15 to 09/30/16
Outputs
Target Audience:Scientific Community: metrics used to measure target audience include number of "peer-reviewed" publications and participation in scientific meeting Stakeholders: metrics used to measure target audience includes number of workshops involving stakeholders. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?
Nothing Reported
How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?
Nothing Reported
What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Continue performing the experiments proposed, including the animal phase and the associated work in the lab.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
We evaluated the effect of long-term feed restriction in the concentrations of ghrelin, growth hormone and glucose in turkeys (second rep). As expected, and in line with our first experiment, concentrations of ghrelin were increased in full-fed animals as compared to feed restricted birds.
Publications
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Progress 01/29/15 to 09/30/15
Outputs
Target Audience:Across US, there are several centers for obesity and research. These centers are usually associated with medical schools that facilitate interdisciplinary work in the treatment and prevention of obesity. However, there are very few centers that explore the endocrine aspects of obesity using animal models. In fact, after an on-line survey of HBCUs and other higher education institutions within Alabama and bordering states, we were unable to find any center that devotes resources on research and teaching in endocrine factors associated with obesity especially in domesticated animals. Thus, our proposal will be the first to establish an Endocrine Center for Research and Education within 1890 institutions. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?
Nothing Reported
How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Research using farm animals is an integral component of the global competitiveness of US animal agriculture, and in the resolution of complex animal and human diseases. However, the nationwide declining enrollment of students in Animal Sciences at land grant institutions jeopardizes human resources critical to support research using domestic species To this end, the new Animal Bio-Health Sciences program, has been implemented and is embracing high quality research using different animal species. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Continue performing the experiments proposed, including the animal phase and the associated work in the lab.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
We evaluated the effect of long-term feed restriction in the concentrations of ghrelin, growth hormone and glucose in turkeys. As expected concentrations of ghrelin were increased in full-fed animals as compared to feed restricted birds. Concentrations of glucose and GH followed the normal metabolic response to feed restriction. We developed a new curriculum that, among others, will train students in the area of obesity; an area in which African-Americans are disproportionally affected but concomitantly grossly under-represented in leadership positions. The new Animal Bio-Health program implemented this Fall 2015 will provide students with a scientific foundation that incorporate the use of animals as biomedical models for scientific research.
Publications
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