Progress 11/01/14 to 10/31/19
Outputs
Target Audience:Our primarytarget audience included commercial vegetable producers in Alabama. Secondarytarget audiences included other university reseach groups evaluating pest management strategies for vegetable production. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Graduate students have learned during this reporting period how to safely apply herbicides, how to identify problematic weed species, and how to select proper control measures for these weed species. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results have been disseminated to growers at the 2017 and 2018 Alabama Pecan Growers Conference and to students at the 2017 Weed Science Society Meeting in Birmingham, AL. Additionally some aspects of this research has been shared with students taking commercial vegetable production classes What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
1. We evaluated preemergence (PRE) herbicides applied pre- and post-crimp in a rye (Secale cereal L.) cover crop for control of broadleaf weeds and nutsedge spp. in watermelons. Our goal was to determine if PRE herbicides applied prior to rolling and crimping of a rye cover crop can improve herbicide-soil contact and therefore weed control. Outcome/Results: Weed control for some broadleaf weed species were improved when preemergence herbicides were applied prior to crimping and rolling compared to after crimping and rolling of the rye cover crop. Potential Impact: Grower may see improved weed control whenutilizing cover crops as part of their weed management program. 2. Evaluated combinations of soil dimpling, mulch type, and herbicides to reduce nutsedge punctures in polyethylene mulch beds. Our goal: was to educe punctures in polyethylene-mulched beds utilizing soil dimpling and infrared mulch. Outcome/Results: Punctures were reduced by infrared mulch, dimples and the combination of the two compared to the untreated comparison. These results are very promising for growers electing to not use chemical weed control options. Potential Impact: Yellow nutsedge is the worst weed problem for vegetable growers utilizing polyethylene mulch for production. Postemergence herbicides are limited in vegetables due to crop injury. Non-herbicide control options mayprovide growers a way to control nutsedge without potential crop injury. 3. Controlling escape Sida spp. on pecan orchard floors with postemergence herbicids. Our goal was toevaluate postemergence herbicides for controlling escape prickly sidaon pecan orchard floors without damaging pecan trees. Outcome/Results: Herbicide treatments reduced ironweed populations but did not completely control ironweed. Potential Impact: Prickly sidais a problematic weed for pecan growers in south Alabama. Reducing Ironweed populations without injury could improve yield in Alabama pecan orchards. Furthermore, information gathered from this trial could impact vegetables growers with infestations of sida spp.These results show that currently labeled postemergence herbicide options for use in pecan orchards can suppress prickly sida. However, more research is needed to identify better control options for this these weed species. This data was presented at the Alabama Pecan growers meeting in 2017 and 2018.
Publications
- Type:
Theses/Dissertations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Hand, L. Evaluation of preemergence herbicides applied pre- and post-crimp in a rye (Secale cereale L.) cover crop system for control of broadleaf weeds in watermelons (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nakai).
- Type:
Theses/Dissertations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Boatwright, L. Combinations of soil dimpling and mulch type to reduce nutsedge (Cyperus spp.) punctures in polyethylene mulched beds.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Hand, L.C., W.G. Foshee III, T.A. Monday and D.E. Wells. 2018. Preemergence herbicides applied pre- and postcrimp in a rye cover crop system for control of escape weeds in watermelon. Horttechnology 28(2): 117-120
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2019
Citation:
Foshee, W.G., T.A. Monday, E.K. Blythe and G. Wehtje. 2019. Response of yellow nutsdge (Cyperus esculentus) to preemergence herbicides and nonionic surfactants applied through drip irrigation under low-density polyethylene mulch. International J. Weed Science and Technology. Vol.x(x): x-x
|
Progress 10/01/17 to 09/30/18
Outputs
Target Audience:Commercial vegetable producers in Alabama Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Graduate students have learned during this reporting period how to safely apply pesticides, how to calibrate pesticide application equipment, how to identify problematic pests and how to selectproper control measuresfor these pests. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Yes. Results have been disseminated to growers at the Alabama Pecans Growers Conferences and to students taking commerical vegetable production classes. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Some research trials will be repeated in order to generate additional data needed to develop pest management programs. New projects will begin to continuepursuing the research goals of this project. A new M.S. graduate student will start next year.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
The overall expected goal and impact of the projects listed below is to address the urgent need for up-to-date pest management techniques for vegetable producers in Alabama. We will accomplishthis by evaluating which pesticides will control the major weeds and insect pests that are ever shifting in vegetable production. Information gathered from these evaluations will be disseminated to growers in Alabama via grower meetings throughout the state as well as publications. Growers can then utilize this information to improve production practices, yield and ultimately profit margin. We completed the following field experiments in 2018 in pursuing our projectgoals: Combinations of soil dimpling, mulch type, and herbicides to reduce nutsedge punctures in polyethylene mulch beds. Goal: Reduce punctures in polyethylene-mulched beds utilizing soil dimpling and infrared mulch. Progress: The project was completed in 2018. Two years of data were collected. Outcome/Results: Punctures were reduced by infrared mulch but not by dimples compared to the grower standard. Output: This research was part of the thesis for a graduate student pursuing his M.S. in horticulture. His expected graduation date is December 2018. Results were presented at the graduate student poster presentation on campus. Additionally, a paper will be submitted to the International Journal of Vegetable Science. Potential Impact: Yellow nutsedge is the worst weed problem for vegetable growers utilizing polyethylene mulch for production. Postemergence herbicides are limited due to crop injury. Non-herbicide control options would provide growers a way to control nutsedge without potential crop injury. Infrared mulch showed promise for controlling nutsedge. ?Controlling Prickly Sida (Ironweed) on Pecan Orchard Floors Goal: Control prickly sida on pecan orchard floors with postemergence herbicides. Progress: This project was completed in 2018. Two years of data were collected. Outcome/Results: Some of the herbicide options evaluated provided decent suppression of prickly sida. Complete control was not achieved with any herbicide. Output: Results were presented to pecan growers at the 2018 Alabama Pecan Growers Conference in Fairhope, AL in September. Potential Impact: Prickly sida is a problematic weed for pecan growers in south Alabama. Current postemergence herbicides for pecan orchards are limited due to injury concerns. We identified herbicide options that suppressed prickly sida which could offer yield improvement for orchards with heavy infestations of prickly sida. Evaluated newer fungicides for scab control in Alabama pecan orchards. Goal: Evaluate newer fungicides for scab control in a mature pecan orchard to develop additional scab management plans for Alabama pecan orchards. Progress: This project was completed in 2018. Two years of data were collected. Outcome/Results: Pecan scab was significantly reduced by all new fungicide treatments compared to untreated trees. Pecan scab was reduced to levels similar to those found in our commercial standard treatment. Output: Results were presented to pecan growers at the 2018 Alabama Pecan Growers Conference in Fairhope, AL in September. Potential Impact: Pecan scab is the most economically significant disease of pecan trees. While many chemical options exist for managing scab, fungicide resistance has been observed with some compounds and thus an effective fungicide rotation program is always needed. Evaluation of newer fungicides and reporting the findings directly to farmers will improve their scab control programs and thus increase profit potential.
Publications
- Type:
Theses/Dissertations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Boatwright, L. Combinations of soil dimpling and mulch type to reduce nutsedge (Cyperus spp.) punctures in polyethylene mulched beds.
|
Progress 10/01/16 to 09/30/17
Outputs
Target Audience:Commercial vegetable producers in Alabama Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Graduate students have learned during this reporting period how to safely apply herbicides, how to identify problematic weed species, and how to select proper control measures for these weed species. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results have been disseminated to growers at the Alabama Pecan Growers Conference and to students at the 2017 Weed Science Society Meeting in Birmingham, AL. Additionally some aspects of this research has been shared with students taking commercial vegetable productionclasses. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Some research trials will be repeated in order to generate additional data needed to develop pest management programs. New projects will begin to continue pursuing the research goals of this project. Currently, a M.S. student (Horticulture) is completing his thesis that will lead to a publication to be submitted in the fall or winter of 2018.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Evaluated preemergence (PRE) herbicides applied pre- and post-crimp in a rye (Secale cereal L.) cover crop for control of broadleaf weeds and nutsedge spp. in watermelons. Goal: Evaluate if PRE herbicides applied prior to rolling and crimping of a rye cover crop can improve herbicide-soil contact and therefore weed control. Progress: This project has been completed. Two years of data were collected. Outcome/Results: Weed control for some broadleaf weed species were improved when preemergence herbicides were applied prior to crimping and rolling compared to after crimping and rolling of the rye cover crop. Potential Impact: Improvedweed control for growers utilizing cover crops as part of their weed management program. Evaluated combinations of soil dimpling, mulch type, and herbicides to reduce nutsedge punctures in polyethylene mulch beds. Goal: Reduce punctures in polyethylene-mulched beds utilizing soil dimpling and infrared mulch. Progress: One year of data has been collected. The trial will be repeated in 2018. Outcome/Results: Punctures were reduced by infrared mulch, dimples and the combination of the two compared to the untreated comparison. Potential Impact: Yellow nutsedge is the worst weed problem for vegetable growers utilizing polyethylene mulch for production. Postemergence herbicides are limited in vegetables due to crop injury. Non-herbicide control options would provide growers a way to control nutsedge without potential crop injury. Controlling Escape Side spp. on Pecan Orchard Floors Goal: Control escape ironweed on pecan orchard floors with postemergence herbicides. Progress: One year of data has been collected. The trial will be repeated in 2018. Outcome/Results: Herbicide treatments reduced ironweed populations but did not completely control ironweed. Potential Impact: Sida spp.is a problematic weed for pecan growers in south Alabama. Reducing Ironweed populations without injury could improve yield in Alabama pecan orchards. Furthermore, information gathered from this trial could impact vegetables growers with infestations of sida spp.
Publications
- Type:
Theses/Dissertations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Hand, L. Evaluation of preemergence herbicides applied pre- and post-crimp in a rye (Secale cereale L.) cover crop system for control of broadleaf weeds in watermelons (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nakai).
|
Progress 10/01/15 to 09/30/16
Outputs
Target Audience:Commercial vegetable producers in Alabama. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Our graduate students have learned during this reporting period how to inject herbicides with a multi-manifold injection system that was utilized in the field-experiments. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?
Nothing Reported
What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?We plan to repeat these studies and will expand our research efforts. Currently a M.S. student is completing his thesis that will lead to a publication that will be submitted during 2017.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
The primary goal of this study is to collect data regarding the influence of pests and diseases on crop quality and to develop pest management programs based on this information. What was accomplished under these goals? We completed the following field experiments related to pest management in vegetables: 1. Evaluated single vs double drip-tape applied herbicides for control of yellow nutsedge in field tomatoes. Progress: Two years of trials have been completed. Herbicide application through double drip tapes provided a significant reduction in purple nutsedge punctures in polyethylene mulch when compared to application through a single drip tape. These results are exciting and suggest that using two drip tapes for herbicide application underneath polyethylene mulch may allow for multi-crop production on mulch and therefore reduce grower costs. 2. Evaluated preemergence herbicides applied pre- and post-crimp in a rye (Secale cereal L.) cover crop for control of broadleaf weeds in watermelons. The goal of the study was to determine if weed control was improved by applying preemergence herbicides prior to crimping and rolling compared to post crimping and rolling. Progress: One year of trials have been completed. Preliminary research has shown there is no difference in weed control when preemergence herbicides are applied prior to crimping and rolling or post crimping and rolling. This study will be repeated followed by a full analysis of the data. 3.Evaluated new biological soil-applied fungicides for control of Rhizopus soft rot in sweet potatoes. Progress: Two years of trials have been completed. In our studies Rhizopus soft rot was reduced in sweet potato by 72% compared to the nontreated control using the biological fungicide Bacillus subtilis. 4. Evaluated drip-applied and injected insecticides for control of whiteflies in squash and cucumber. Progress: Two years of trials have been completed. Treatments containing Coragen, Sivanto, and Movento reduced whitefly populations under economic threshold levels for approximately six weeks. Additionally, apart from Coragen, foliar applied insecticides performed better than their soil-applied counterparts.
Publications
|
Progress 11/01/14 to 09/30/15
Outputs
Target Audience:Commercial vegetable producers in Alabama. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?
Nothing Reported
How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?
Nothing Reported
What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?We plan to repeat these studies and complete statistical analysis. Furthermore, a M.S. graduate student is working on these projects and will be a part of his thesis in the future.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
We completed the following field experiments related to pest managment in Vegetables: 1). evaluated single vs. double drip-tape applied herbicides for control of yellow nutsedge in field tomatoes. 2). followed up study above with secondary fall-cabbage crop to evaluated yellow nutsedge control. 3). evaluated injected Coragen for control of caterpillars in squash. 4). evaluated new soil applied fungicide for control of black rot in sweet potatoes.
Publications
|
|