Source: UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA submitted to NRP
MAKING URBAN TREES MORE SUSTAINABLE FROM CRADLE TO GRAVE
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
COMPLETE
Funding Source
HATCH
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
1004218
Grant No.
(N/A)
Cumulative Award Amt.
(N/A)
Proposal No.
(N/A)
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Project Start Date
Sep 16, 2014
Project End Date
Aug 19, 2019
Grant Year
(N/A)
Program Code
[(N/A)]- (N/A)
Recipient Organization
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
G022 MCCARTY HALL
GAINESVILLE,FL 32611
Performing Department
Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, Bradenton
Non Technical Summary
Municipalities, non-profit groups, and state government agencies devote significant resources toward tree-planting initiatives intended to maximize and sustain the ecological services and health benefits associated with urban forests (Kendall and McPherson, 2012; Pincetl et al. 2012). In recent years, the scale and notoriety of these initiatives has increased, with numerous million-tree planting programs underway in major North American cities like Miami, Los Angeles, Denver, and New York (City and County of Denver, 2006; City of Los Angeles, 2006; Miami-Dade County, 2011; and PlaNYC, 2013). While the number of trees planted can be an important factor in gauging the potential impact of these efforts (and is the primary metric tracked by each program), tree establishment in the landscape and longevity must ultimately be considered when assessing long-term program success.Many of the benefits offered by urban trees increase as trees grow in size (Leibowitz, 2012; Maco and McPherson, 2003). Insufficient post-planting care (Beatty and Heckman, 1981, Gilman et al. 1998; Harris and Gilman, 1993), poor-quality nursery stock (McKay, 1996; Struve, 2009), limiting site conditions (Beatty and Heckman, 1981; Lemaire and Rossignol, 1999), and vandalism (Nowak et al., 1990; Jones et al., 1996; Impens, 1999, Nowak et al., 2004) can all contribute to the death of recently transplanted urban trees before they are able to make meaningful environmental and economic contributions to a community. In extreme cases of near complete post-transplant loss (Sklar and Ames, 1984), planting initiatives represent a wasted investment of materials and labor. Beyond economics, trees that die after transplanting do an ecological disservice when one considers the material inputs, energy inputs, and environmental impacts associated with tree production, transplanting, maintenance, removal, and disposal (Nowak et al, 2002B, Kendall and McPherson, 2012; Ingram 2012; Ingram 2013).Urban tree mortality is generally greatest among the youngest trees, especially in the first two to three years following transplanting (Miller and Miller, 1991; Richards, 1979; Roman et al., 2013). In the past three decades, numerous researchers from North America and Europe have assessed post-transplanting establishment rates and growth during this tenuous period of an urban tree's life. Many earlier works focused solely on gauging the level of planting survival in urban replanting efforts. However, more recent research has attempted to determine the biological, and in some cases, social factors contributing to young tree survival and mortality (Lue et al., 2010). In identifying the conditions associated with elevated planting mortality, urban forest managers can potentially eliminate or at least partially mitigate those conditions consistently linked to low rates of survival and establishment.
Animal Health Component
50%
Research Effort Categories
Basic
50%
Applied
50%
Developmental
0%
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
12405301070100%
Knowledge Area
124 - Urban Forestry;

Subject Of Investigation
0530 - Parks and urban green space;

Field Of Science
1070 - Ecology;
Goals / Objectives
Objectives: Identify site, tree, and maintenance-related factors that contribute to successful urban tree planting initiatives. .Identify the optimal balance of street tree maintenance (inputs) and tree health/stability (benefits) economically, environmentally, and socially.Identify weaknesses in industry tree risk assessment methods in an effort to improve current BMPs and ultimately reduce instances of premature removal or ill-advised retention.
Project Methods
Model survival and growth from past planting efforts sponsored by state, local, and non-profit entities. Identify factors which contribute to planting success/failure using statistical tools such as logistic regression and multiple regressions.Engage communities and neighborhoods (priority given to low-income/underserved areas) in participatory research/citizen scientist efforts which integrate some combination of educational programing, design charrettes, community planting initiatives, and volunteer monitoring. Model growth and survival and compare this community-led approach and compare to historic rates associated with more traditional top-down planting efforts.Collect survey, interview, and industry data to effectively characterize the inputs and outflows associated with urban forestry and landscape management efforts in a Life Cycle Inventory.Compare different scenarios/care regimes to assess their environmental and economic costs.Compare calculated environmental impacts and monetary costs to ecosystem service models and appraised tree/landscape value to determine optimal scenarios.

Progress 10/01/15 to 09/30/16

Outputs
Target Audience:My target audiences are homeowners, gardeners, landscapers, arborists, urban foresters, nursery growers, landscape designers, property managers, natural resource planners and all other who work with woody plants in the built environment. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?I conducted an inservice training on tree risk assessment and hurricanes in 2018. In addition, I presented 15 invited talks on topics such as tree risk assessment, tree costs and benefits with regard to carbon footprint, and tree identification. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?I have presented directly to the communites and and industry groups of interest through a series of invited talks. Additionally, Our communications department highlighted my research in several press releases that were distributed to Florida's main media outlets. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?I have already filled my speaking schedule for 2019. I plan to finish a third book on palm identification. I will also conduct traing on proper tree care to the Florida Department of Transportation - a major buyer and installer of trees in the state of Florida.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Worked with the Florida Department of Transportation to assess factors that contribute to there ambitious Bold Intitiative planting program. Identified several care factors that significantly reduced losses to drought stress after transplanting and mower damage. Findings are being implemented into a statewide tree care guide and training program. Quantified the role tree protection odinances have on urban canopy coverage in Florida Communities. State leaders attempted to pass legislature that would prevent a city or county from regulating the planting, pruning, or removal of state trees. We determined, through aerial interpretation and survey data, that heritage tree ordinances (when coupled with other protections) were associated with a 6.7% increase in canopy coverage. This is significant as the cities we investigated had 17 to 62% canopy coverage. With this information in hand, state and local leaders can make more informed decisions on the benefits of tree protections compared to their costs with regard to development.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Benson, A.R., A.K. Koeser, and J. Morgenroth. 2019. A test of tree protection zones: Responses of Quercus virginiana Mill. trees to root severance treatments. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening. 38:54-63.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Benson, A.R., J. Morgenroth, and A.K. Koeser. 2019. The effects of root pruning on growth and physiology of two Acer species in New Zealand. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening. 38:64-73.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Klein, R.W., A.K. Koeser, G. Hansen, and F.J. Escobedo. 2019. A review of urban tree risk assessment and risk perception literature. Arboriculture & Urban Forestry. 45(1):23-33.
  • Type: Books Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Koeser, A.K., M. Friedman, G. Hasing, A. Franck, H. Finley, and J. Schelb. 2017. Trees: South Florida and the Keys. University of Florida/IFAS Communications and University Press of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. 420 pp.
  • Type: Book Chapters Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Koeser, A.K. and R.J. Northrop. 2017. Tree Planting Techniques. In: Ferrini, F., C. Konijnendijk van den Bosch, and A. Fini (Editors), The Routledge Handbook of Urban Forestry. Routledge, Abingdon, Oxon, UK. pp. 376-389.
  • Type: Book Chapters Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Schrader, J.A., K.G. McCabe, H.A. Kratsch, and A.K. Koeser. 2016. Degradability of Bioplastic Containers in Soil and Compost. In: Schrader, J.A., H.A. Kratsch, and W.R. Graves (Editors), Bioplastic Container Cropping Systems: Green Technology for the Green Industry. Sustainable Horticulture Research Consortium, Ames, IA, USA. pp. 119-140.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Hagen, F., A.K. Koeser, and J.O. Dawson. 2016. Growth changes of eighteen herbaceous angiosperms induced by hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) in soil. International Journal of Phytoremediation 18(1): 94-102.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Bergsten, S.J., A.K. Koeser, and J.R. Stewart. 2016. Evaluation of the impacts of salinity on biomass and nutrient levels of agave species with agricultural potential in semiarid regions. Hortscience 51(1): 1-6.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Koeser, A.K., D.C. Mclean, G. Hasing, and R.B. Allison. 2016. Frequency, severity, and detectability of internal trunk decay of street tree Quercus spp. in Tampa, Florida, U.S. Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 42(4): 217-226.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Koeser, A.K., J.W. *Roberts, J.W. Miesbauer, A.B. Lopes, G.J. Kling, M. Lo, and J. Morgenroth. 2016. Testing the accuracy of imaging software for measuring tree root volumes. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 18: 95-99.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Koeser, A.K., J.M. Vogt, R.J. Hauer, R.J. Northrop, and W. Peterson. 2016. The cost of not maintaining trees: Findings and recommendations from an international symposium and summit. Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 42(6): 377-388.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2016 Citation: Klein, R.W., A.K. Koeser, R.J. Hauer, G. Hansen, and F.J. Escobedo. 2016. Relationship between perceived and actual occupancy rates in urban settings. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 19: 194-201.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Dawson, J.O., A.K. Koeser, G. Gottfried, and P. Ffolliott. 2016. Nitrogen fertility island stability around Prosopis glandulosa sprouts after mechanical shrub control in a degraded grassland. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 47(16): 1875-1882.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Koeser, A.K., R.J. Hauer, J. Miesbauer, and W. Peterson. 2016. Municipal tree risk assessment in the United States: Findings from a comprehensive survey of urban forest management. Arboricultural Journal 38(4): 218-229.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Petri, A.C., A.K. Koeser, S.T. Lovell, and D. Ingram. 2016. How green are trees? ⿿ Using LCA to assess net environmental benefits. Journal of Environmental Horticulture 34(4): 101-110.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Roman, L.A., B.S. Scharenbroch, J.P.A. Ostberg, L.S. Mueller, J.G. Henning, A.K. Koeser, J.R. Sanders, D.R. Betz, and R.C. Jordan. 2017. Data quality in citizen science urban tree inventories. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 22: 124-135.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Marble, S.C., A.K. Koeser, G. Hasing, D. McLean, and A. Chandler. 2017. Estimating annual cost and efficacy of common weed control methods in landscape planting beds. HortTechnology 27(2): 199-211.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Koeser, A.K., R.J. Hauer, R.W. *Klein, and J.W. Miesbauer. 2017. Assessment of likelihood of failure using limited visual, basic, and advanced assessment techniques. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 24: 71-79.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Koeser, A.K. and E.T. Smiley. 2017. Impact of assessor on urban tree risk assessment ratings and prescribed mitigation measures. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 24: 109-115.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Van Treese, J., A.K. Koeser, G.E. Fitzpatrick, M.T. Olexa, and E.J. Allen. 2017. A review of the impact of roadway vegetation on driver health and well-being and the risks associated with single vehicle crashes. Arboricultural Journal 39(3): 179-193.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Steed, S.T., M. Glenn, C.E. McAvoy, and A.K. Koeser. 2017. Controlled-release fertilizer demonstration in container production of Ligustrum japonicum in West Central Florida. Proceedings of the Florida State Horticultural Society 130: 229-231.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Steed, S., A. *Bechtloff, A.K. Koeser, and T. Yeager. 2018. Response of Ligustrum japonicum to plastic mulch applied over non-spaced containers. HortTechnology 28(1): 58-65.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Brumfield, R.G., L.B. Kenny, A.J. *DeVincentis, A.K. Koeser, S. Verlinden, A.J. Both, G. Bi, S.T. Lovell, and J.R. Stewart. 2018. Analysis of economic and social costs of growing Petunia x hybrida in a greenhouse production system using alternative containers. HortScience 53(8): 1179-1185.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Roberts, J.W., A.K. Koeser, A.H. Abd-Elrahman, G. Hansen, S.M. Landry, and B.E. Wilkinson. 2018. Terrestrial photogrammetric stem mensuration for street trees. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 35: 66-71.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Van Treese, J., A.K. Koeser, G.E. Fitzpatrick, M.T. Olexa, and E.J. Allen. 2018. Drivers⿿ risk perception of roadside trees. Arboricultural Journal 40(3): 153-161.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Hamilton, K., A.K. Koeser, and S.M. Landry. 2018. Accuracy of volunteer-derived data from a single-day inventory event build around a crowdsourced tree mapping application. Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 44(6): 248-254.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Shober, A.L., A.K. Koeser, G. Hasing, and D.C. McLean. 2017. Nitrogen fertilizer rate, timing, and application method affect growth of sweet viburnum and nitrogen leaching from simulated planting beds. HortScience 52(1): 146-153.


Progress 10/01/14 to 09/30/15

Outputs
Target Audience:I work directly with landscape management professionals, particularly: arborists, urban foresters, nursery growers, and landscapers. Additionally, I provide research and extension education programs for homeowners, master gardeners, and others benefited by the presence of trees and landscapes in human-dominated environments. Changes/Problems:None yet What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Tree Risk and Rooting Stability. UF/IFAS Extension Hillsborough County 2016 Tree and Landscape Short Course. Plant City, Florida. February 5, 2016. Intro to Trees and Tree Selection, UF/IFAS Center for Landscape Conservation & Ecology Webinar Series. Statewide, January 13, 2016 (http://ufifas.adobeconnect.com/p71hkkrruum/) Tree Planting and Early Care, UF/IFAS Extension Hillsborough County Master Gardener Workshop. Tampa, Florida, October 29, 2015. Selecting Central Florida Trees and Improving Tree Health., UF/IFAS Extension Manatee County CEU Git 'em Done Day. Palmetto, Florida, October 23, 2015. Tree Risk Assessments - Time to Test the Tools. Wisconsin Arborist Association Fall Conference. Milwaukee, Wisconsin, October 15, 2015. Keynote: Tree Risk Assessments - Methods and Approaches. Wisconsin Arborist Association Fall Conference. Milwaukee, Wisconsin, October 15, 2015. Tree Identification. UF/IFAS Extension Hillsborough County Master Gardener Workshop. Tampa, Florida, October 8, 2015. Tree Health and Science. Florida ISA Chapter Seminar - Outdoor Tree School. Apopka, Florida. September 18, 2015. Trees and Infrastructure Conflicts. Florida ISA Chapter Seminar - Coast Series - Gold Coast. Miami, Florida. June 12, 2015. Selecting the Right-Tree-For-The-Right-Place. Florida ISA Chapter Seminar - Coast Series - Gold Coast. Miami, Florida. June 12, 2015. Trees and Infrastructure Conflicts. Florida ISA Chapter Seminar - Coast Series - Sun Coast. Tampa, Florida. June 9, 2015. Selecting the Right-Tree-For-The-Right-Place. Florida ISA Chapter Seminar - Coast Series - Sun Coast. Tampa, Florida. June 9, 2015. Tree Planting Basics (with Rob Irving). VM Ybor Neighborhood Arbor Day Planting Event. Tampa, Florida, April 25, 2015. Total Cost Analysis: From Seedling to Tree and Beyond (with Rob Northrop, Julie Iooss, and Andy Kittsley). Florida Urban Forestry Council Urban Forestry Institute/Florida-ISA Cost of Not Maintaining Trees Symposium. Tampa, Florida, March 18, 2015. Basic Risk Assessment and Advanced Decay Detection. Guest Lecture for FOR 4090c Urban Forestry. University of Florida. Gainesville, Florida. March 12, 2015. Tree Risk Assessment (with Robert Northrop). UF/IFAS Extension Hillsborough County 2015 Tree and Landscape Short Course. Plant City, Florida. February 20, 2015. Improving Tree Health in the Urban Landscape. UF/IFAS Extension Duval County 2015 Jacksonville Landscape Show. Jacksonville, Florida. February 12, 2015. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Via extension fact sheets, face-to-face traiining, industry magazine articles, peer reviewed research articles, and academic conference papers. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?I will focus more heavily on tree risk assessment. I have an international survey in the works to assess 3 commonly-used risk assessment methods. Additionally, I will wrap up my second tree id book and app (south florida and the keys). I also have a turf alternative LCA that needs to be written up.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? 1. Conducted a state-wide assessment of past Florida Forest Service Planting Iniitiives to see what factors contributed to tree planting success/failure/ 2. Completed a Life Cycle Assessment/Carbon Foot print of tree maintenenace to determine the age at wich a typical street tree gains carbon neutrality. 3. Contributed to the 2nd Edition of the ISA tree risk BMP and conducted serveral novel and much-needed experiments regarding tree risk assessment accuracy and consistency.

Publications

  • Type: Books Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: Koeser, A.K., G. Hasing, M.H. Friedman, and R. Irving. 2014. Trees: North and Central Florida. University of Florida IFAS Communications, Gainesville, FL. 320 pp.


Progress 09/16/14 to 09/30/14

Outputs
Target Audience:My target audiences are professionals who perform landscape management. This includes but is not limited to landscapers, landscape architects, arborists, urban foresters, and horticulturalists. Additionally I work with homeowners who have landscapes they maintain. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Intro to Trees and Tree Selection, UF/IFAS Center for Landscape Conservation & Ecology Webinar Series. Statewide, January 13, 2016 (http://ufifas.adobeconnect.com/p71hkkrruum/) Tree Planting and Early Care, UF/IFAS Extension Hillsborough County Master Gardener Workshop. Tampa, Florida, October 29, 2015. Selecting Central Florida Trees and Improving Tree Health., UF/IFAS Extension Manatee County CEU Git 'em Done Day. Palmetto, Florida, October 23, 2015. Tree Risk Assessments - Time to Test the Tools. Wisconsin Arborist Association Fall Conference. Milwaukee, Wisconsin, October 15, 2015. Keynote: Tree Risk Assessments - Methods and Approaches. Wisconsin Arborist Association Fall Conference. Milwaukee, Wisconsin, October 15, 2015. Tree Identification. UF/IFAS Extension Hillsborough County Master Gardener Workshop. Tampa, Florida, October 8, 2015. Tree Health and Science. Florida ISA Chapter Seminar - Outdoor Tree School. Apopka, Florida. September 18, 2015. Trees and Infrastructure Conflicts. Florida ISA Chapter Seminar - Coast Series - Gold Coast. Miami, Florida. June 12, 2015. Selecting the Right-Tree-For-The-Right-Place. Florida ISA Chapter Seminar - Coast Series - Gold Coast. Miami, Florida. June 12, 2015. Trees and Infrastructure Conflicts. Florida ISA Chapter Seminar - Coast Series - Sun Coast. Tampa, Florida. June 9, 2015. Selecting the Right-Tree-For-The-Right-Place. Florida ISA Chapter Seminar - Coast Series - Sun Coast. Tampa, Florida. June 9, 2015. Tree Planting Basics (with Rob Irving). VM Ybor Neighborhood Arbor Day Planting Event. Tampa, Florida, April 25, 2015. Total Cost Analysis: From Seedling to Tree and Beyond (with Rob Northrop, Julie Iooss, and Andy Kittsley). Florida Urban Forestry Council Urban Forestry Institute/Florida-ISA Cost of Not Maintaining Trees Symposium. Tampa, Florida, March 18, 2015. Basic Risk Assessment and Advanced Decay Detection. Guest Lecture for FOR 4090c Urban Forestry. University of Florida. Gainesville, Florida. March 12, 2015. Tree Risk Assessment (with Robert Northrop). UF/IFAS Extension Hillsborough County 2015 Tree and Landscape Short Course. Plant City, Florida. February 20, 2015. Improving Tree Health in the Urban Landscape. UF/IFAS Extension Duval County 2015 Jacksonville Landscape Show. Jacksonville, Florida. February 12, 2015. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Through face to face presentations and extenstion fact sheets. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Continue work on the risk mapping tool and expand my research in risk assessment methodologies

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Completed a comprehensive life cycle assessment model of urban tree maintence which calculated the average age where carbon neutrality was reached. Identified the role planting site factors and irrigation play in state funded planting programs for Florida Currently reviewing the an international BMP for tree risk assessment. Working to creat an open-source risk mapping and prediction tool.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Koeser, A.K., R.W. Klein, G. Hasing, and R.J. Northrop. 2015. Factors driving professional and public urban tree risk perception. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening. 14(4): 968-974.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Marble, S.C., A.K. Koeser, and G. Hasing. 2015. A review of weed control practices in residential landscape planting beds: Part I  non-chemical methods. HortScience. 50(6):851-856.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Marble, S.C., A.K. Koeser, and G. Hasing. 2015. A review of weed control practices in residential landscape planting beds: Part II  chemical methods. HortScience. 50(6):857-862.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Brumfield, R.G., A.J. DeVincentis, X. Wang, R.T. Fernandez, S. Nambuthiri, R.L. Geneve, A.K. Koeser, G. Bi, T. Li, Y. Sun, G. Niu, D. Cochran, A. Fulcher, and J.R. Stewart. 2015. Economics of Utilizing Biodegradable Containers in Ornamental Crop Production Systems. HortTechnology 25(1):17-25.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Fulcher, A., D.R. Cochran, and A.K. Koeser. 2015. An Introduction to the Impact of Utilizing Biodegradable Containers in Ornamental Crop Production Systems. HortTechnology 25(1):6-7.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Conneway, R. S. Vertlinden, A.K. Koeser, M.R. Evans, R. Schnelle, V. Anderson, and J.R. Stewart. 2015. Use of Alternative Containers for Long- and Short-Term Greenhouse Crop Production. HortTechnology 25(1):26-34.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Sun, Y., G. Niu, A.K. Koeser, G. Bi, V. Anderson, K. Jacobsen, R. Conneway, and S. Verlinden. 2015. Impact of Biocontainers on Plant Performance and Container Decomposition in the Landscape. HortTechnology. 25(1):63-70.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Evans, M.R., A.K. Koeser, G. Bi, S. Nambuthiri, R. Geneve, K. Jacobsen, S.T. Lovell, and J.R. Stewart. 2015. Impact of Biocontainers with and without Shuttle Trays on Water Use in the Production of a Containerized Ornamental Greenhouse Crop. HortTechnology. 25(1):35-41.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Nambuthiri, S., A. Fulcher, A.K. Koeser, R. Geneve, and G. Niu. 2015. Moving Towards Sustainability with Alternative Containers for Greenhouse and Nursery Crop Production: A Review and Research Update. HortTechnology. 25(1):8-16.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Koeser, A.K., R. Hauer, J. Edgar, and D. Kleinhuizen. 2015. Impacts of Wire Basket Retention and Removal on Planting time, Root Ball Condition, and Early Growth of Acer platanoides and Gleditsia triacanthos var. inermis. Arboriculture & Urban Forestry. 41(1):16-23.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Koeser, A.K., R.W. Klein, G. Hasing, and R.J. Northrop. 2015. Urban Tree Risk: A Comparison of Professional and the Public Perceptions. Poster Presentation. International Society of Arboriculture 2015 Conference.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Koeser, A.K. John Roberts, Julie Schelb, and Gitta Hasing. 2015. Florida Tree ID: An Introduction and Exploration of Common Trees and Palms in the Urban Landscape. Workshop. International Society of Arboriculture 2015 Conference
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Koeser, A.K., S.T. Lovell, A.C. Petri, Brumfield, R.G., and J.R. Stewart. 2015. S.T. Whats Trending: Crop Production Carbon Footprint. Oral Presentation. AmericanHort Cultivate15