Source: UNIV OF MINNESOTA submitted to NRP
MAKING A DIFFERENCE: REORIENTING A MUNICIPAL AGENCY AND ITS STAFF TOWARDS ALL THE COMMUNITYâ¿¿S YOUTH
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
COMPLETE
Funding Source
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
1003109
Grant No.
(N/A)
Cumulative Award Amt.
(N/A)
Proposal No.
(N/A)
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Project Start Date
Oct 1, 2014
Project End Date
Sep 30, 2018
Grant Year
(N/A)
Program Code
[(N/A)]- (N/A)
Recipient Organization
UNIV OF MINNESOTA
(N/A)
ST PAUL,MN 55108
Performing Department
School of Social Work
Non Technical Summary
There continues to be a national to local crisis among inner city, especially minority, youth in terms of school completion,occupational preparation and success, and involvement in the juvenile justice system (Annie E. Casey, 2014). The Mayor ofSaint Paul, Minnesota in his 2014 State of the City Report (Office of the Mayor, 31 March 2014) touches on this in his generallypositive report on how his city is responding to this set of youth problems. We are implicated in this relative success, havingworked with the City of Saint Paul, Parks and Recreation Department (P&R), for seven years, building its capacity to effectivelyand positively engage all of the City's young people and especially those of color who use its public recreation facilities (VeLureRoholt, Baizerman, Rana, & Korum, 2013). Without naming us, the Mayor was referencing our work, among that of others.This work is now at an especially crucial point, with broad and deep structural, personnel, and programmatic changesbeginning at P&R. The City's goal is to create and sustain a more responsive, viable, and effective range of caring responses toall its young people, and especially to those at highest risk to poor school, employment, and other life-chances. We continue tohave an important role in this transformation of policy, structure, programming, and practice. We are now accepted by P&Rmanagement and many workers, including the new Community Youth Workers and Youth Work Trainers, as having practiceand scholarly knowledge which is "practical" and fits their needs and wants.The importance of this project lies first in the continuing invitation to our continued involvement contributing to thistransformation (Weber, 2012). Second, there are no examples known to us in the literature and in folklore of such very long-terminvolvement by university faculty and students in the practical work of a municipal public agency, and in the policies, structures,processes, training, and practice of the agency, the "system," and its managerial, supervisory, and direct service staff. Therecontinues to be much to learn about what is our mutually beneficial relationship. Third, public agencies as formal bureaucratictypeorganizations are difficult to change in the direction of more effective client service from both the client and agency points ofview, both by insiders and outsiders. Part of this difficulty may be the length, amount, and type of time given to this effort by bothparties. The importance remains to be understood and has potential for direct policy recommendations. Taken together, thesethree topics are important in this case and more generally to other municipal to federal public agencies, and the efforts ofuniversity facility and students to enhance public services, especially to high-risk youth.Important too are the youth who could benefit from more effective public after-school youth programs and services. It isin these informal learning environments that young people have opportunity to master the "soft skills" of non-violentinterpersonal relations, among other learning, and how these are crucial for lowering their risk to poor life-chances in school,work, and family.In at least these four ways, the proposed project is important to theory, practice, and people - in the pubic realm, inuniversities, and in the potential positive, necessary, and morally grounded relations between "town and gown."At this stage in the work, foci include organizational structure, organizational culture, policy, programming, and practice.But not each alone. Rather, attention is on the reciprocities between and among these, and our work uses all of these to "movethe agency forward," toward better service to all the city's young people. Continued importance is given to using whateverspace(s) can be found or opened to invite and push this larger change agenda - whether socially normative direct practice withyoung people and/or position descriptions and/or hours of operation at local recreation centers. It is theorized that any"movement" in a pro-youth direction will ultimately lead to more quality youth service, even when the direct line fromorganizational change to change in youth service is neither direct or measurable.
Animal Health Component
90%
Research Effort Categories
Basic
(N/A)
Applied
90%
Developmental
10%
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
80605303020100%
Knowledge Area
806 - Youth Development;

Subject Of Investigation
0530 - Parks and urban green space;

Field Of Science
3020 - Education;
Goals / Objectives
1. Continued weekly meetings will be held among Parks and Recreation workers, management and universityconsultant/researcher to think about and think through possible and practical polices and actions to move P&R towards its goalof better serving all young people.2. Continued focus in weekly and biweekly meetings in training, practice, and supervision on the reciprocities between youthdevelopment and community development, providing scholarly theory to guide P&R decisions, and to collect examples of suchfrom P&R work.3. Select recreation staff will be trained in basic principles and practices of community youth work at the beginner topractitioner levels using scholarly and professional sources, while documenting this work.4. Select recreation staff will be trained in basic youth work practice with all youth, and especially with those at high risk tolimited life-chances, based on scholarly literature and practice wisdom from Saint Paula and beyond.5. More effective (indirect) community youth work practice on behalf of high-risk youth will be accomplished through ongoingconversations and training with management and workers using scholarly and practice wisdom sources.6. More effective direct youth work practice with high-risk youth will be accomplished by recently trained workers.7. Develop acceptance by P&R top and mid-level managers of the value of our continued involvement in organizationalcultural change towards youth work with all young people.8. Develop the new position of P&R programmer through theorizing and training in more and better community-based workwith neighborhood groups.9. Support ongoing relations with Saint Paul Police, local police precincts, and police juvenile unit to reduce tensionsbetween them and local youth in or near neighborhood recreation centers.10. Continued active publishing of the work in scholarly and professional outlets in several fields, including youth work,community work, recreation, and organizational change (municipal public agency) and public administration, with contracts inhand with Lyceum Press and in appropriate professional and scholarly journals, and presented at appropriate community,scholarly, and professional venues.Taken together, all of these ten objectives will serve to reorient P&R towards a local community-based strategy of programmingfor young people (and others) from all neighborhood groups, and towards more consistent, higher quality, and more effectivedirect work with youth and indirect work on their behalf, with local human services, schools, and police - the organizations whichdeeply effect the everyday lives of community young people.
Project Methods
Overall, a participatory action research (PAR) philosophy and methods will be used to engage youth workers, top-to-mid levelmanagement staff, and community members in self-reflective, collective, and collaborative dialogues and discussions abouttheir practice and strategies to offer better service to all the city's young people. Participatory action research is a process that''attempts to help people investigate and change their social and educational realities by changing some of the practices whichconstitute their lived realities'' (Kemmis & Wilkinson, 1998, p. 21). As a professional development model, PAR is an ongoingtraining that is situated in the learners' practice and is learner-driven and learner-centered. Data will be collected in the form ofmeeting notes, group decision, and actions. Agency records will also be used, as will specially designed work sheets and othersimilar tools of data collection. Ongoing group and individual conversation and group analysis of data collected will provideinformation about how the work is received, whether and how changes are implemented, and the effectiveness of these.

Progress 10/01/14 to 09/30/18

Outputs
Target Audience: Nothing Reported Changes/Problems:St Paul Parks and Recreation Manager saw too little change in site supervisors worked with Terminated contact Workers strongly positive of the joint work What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Project w became essentially an inservice training and professional development project on community engagement ,with special attention to finding and working with youth from underserved grioups. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Talks with other Departmental staff were completed ,and the ideas and some practices were written and published What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Five series of trainings with middle management /site coordinators employed by the municipal St Paul Parks and Recreation were conducted orienting them to how to find and to work with community partners. Included were didactic sessions and field visits with 8 of the 10 managers using an experiential learning pedagogy on how to find and work with ,especially ,community based,ethnic/racial groups and organizations.Also completed was a series of meetings used to develop manager outcomes and supporting forms, and these were sent and ,at times,used by the senior manager in the Department

Publications

  • Type: Book Chapters Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Roholt,R.V. and Michael Baizerman.Evaluating civic youthwork.New York: Oxford University Press Roholt,R.V..2013 .Civic youth work.New York: Peter Lang Roholt,R.V.,Michael Baizerman and R.W. Hildreth,eds.2013Civic youth work:Cocreating democratic youth spaces.Chicago:Lyceum Roholt,R.V.,Michael Baizerman,Sheetal Rana ,Kathy Korum,eds.Transforming youth serving organizations to support healthy youth development.New Directions for Youth Development ,Fall,2013. Roholt,R.V. and Michael Baizerman,Preparing the next generation of professorate in youth studies: mapping the contested spaces in Fusco,Dana.Advancing youth work:Current trends,critical questions,127-140.New York: Routledge,2012


Progress 10/01/16 to 09/30/17

Outputs
Target Audience:Managers and supervisors in St Paul,Mn Parks and Recreation Department by extension their workers and by extension community residents throughout the city Changes/Problems:project action phase ended due directly to unexpected withdrawl of funds What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?All activities can be understood as creating opportunities for training and professional development,over the last nine years,at least weekly,to municipal agency managers,supervisors of community based youth programs ,and to direct practice youth workers Integrating this work with university classroom teaching has enriced that professional development ,and research at these recreation centers and libraries has been explicit training for students in field research practice and researc reporting,in written form and orally. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Directly to all levels at the recreation agency and to senior management at the libraries verbally and in student reports,in private meetings with management,and at staff meetings By academic and professional papers at national and international meetings,by inclusion in three coauthored papers in three books,and in a current book under contract What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?With no funding, the active data and action research phase is over,and work will be on writing lessons learned and presenting these at academic and professional ,and local agency meetings

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Weekly meetings continued until Spring,2017 when funds were unexpectedlywithdrawn by administrator Since then irregular meetings held with Community Youth Workers to continue support and learning ,and to discuss no cost research project on their work;we actively worked to create thisCity civil service position and cocreate its mission and practice,a major change to this municipal agency Youth Studies undergraduate and Youth Development Leadership students at UMN have done yearly studies of these recreation and also library services to youth and these have been brought to all levels within the Parks agency Writing papers on professional development of youth workers and will most likely advise doctoral thesis on this topic Proposing an edited special issue of social development journal built in part on this project's ideas and practices.

Publications

  • Type: Books Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2018 Citation: Fusco,D and Baizerman,M.Future of YouthWork.In Bright,G and Pugh.C (eds)Youth Work: Global Futures.Rotterdam:Sense VeLure Roholt ,R and Baizerman,M.Participatory Methodologies to Elevate Childrens Voice and Participation .....Charlotte ,NC.Information Age Publishing VeLure ,R and Baizerman,M.(eds)Evaluating Youth Civic Engagement.Oxford: Oxford University Press


Progress 10/01/15 to 09/30/16

Outputs
Target Audience:Proximate audiences are 10 supervisors, who plan program and services for community-based recreation centers, Parks and Recreation Department, City of St Paul, Minnesota. Less directly, the Manager of Recreation Services and two community -based trainers for the Department. More distal are the residents of every community in St Paul, with special emphasis on ethnic, racial, low income, youth, and other marginal groups and communities. Included are: African-American, Hmong, Somali, Karen, Latin American, and low income Caucasian groups in many rapidly changing neighborhoods and communities. Changes/Problems:St Paul City Library administrators heard about this work and invited a Park and Recreation trainer and me to develop an enriched series of community-based meetings in local branch libraries to focus on how youth and adults navigate these rapidly changing areas. And, with University students, to develop the staff, innovative youth programs in a neighborhood branch in a rapidly changing community. Other University students will likely build on earlier research in local library branches to evaluate youth library experience. Library and Park and Recreation staff, along with police, are interested in why young people leave their programs to "hang out" in city center. This too will likely be studied by students. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Two series of five group meetings with 10 supervisors who plan programs and services with community groups, each working with several community recreation centers; a visit one-on-one with each supervisor to neighborhood groups in their area to show how community-based programming can be done. Multiple visits with Manager, Recreation Services to develop an ethos and strategy for the Supervisors' work, and with the two community-based trainers on the same topic, but with a direct focus on youth, and on youth and police. All training meetings and activities evaluated positively by participants. However only two continued to actively involve community groups. Hence, Manager suspended the work and is using formal supervisory tools to insure Supervisor compliance. The two trainers are using our field-based training, on request from Supervisors. Taken together, intellectual and philosophical success and limited success in Supervisor behavior change. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Usingpractices and procedures of St Paul Parks and Recreation Department. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?St Paul City Library administrators heard about this work and invited a Park and Recreation trainer and me to develop an enriched series of community-based meetings in local branch libraries to focus on how youth and adults navigate these rapidly changing areas. And, with University students, to develop the staff, innovative youth programs in a neighborhood branch in a rapidly changing community. Other University students will likely build on earlier research in local library branches to evaluate youth library experience. Library and Park and Recreation staff, along with police, are interested in why young people leave their programs to "hang out" in city center. This too will likely be studied by students. St Paul City library is inviting work with youth in one neighborhood site in rapid ethnic/racial transformation, and community meetings with youth and adults in several branch libraries as a test of the use of library space as civil space for civil discourse. Using University students, along with a Park and Recreation trainer, we will test whether local library staff are willing and able to learn how to work in youthwork/community work ways, and are willing to try these innovations with our training and support. Co-authoring chapter, Future of Youth Work, for SAGE Handbook on Youth Work. Submitting abstracts on Park and Recreation work to International Consortium on Social Development Annual Meeting, Croatia. Submitting abstract for an edited book on youth civic engagement; article on this professional development effort being drafted by doctoral student. Book introducing youth work in preparation for Oxford University Press/Lyceum. Manuscript reviews for youthwork journals and publishers of books on youth and youth work continues. Related: Ongoing contribution to European Union project on youthwork and youth radicalization continues with colleague in Northern Ireland. So too contribution to Lao government's work on a national Youth Law.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Supervisor trainings accomplished diffusion of a philosophy of community-based services and some changed behavior, and with continued effort on this by experienced City employees who are Park and Recreation trainers. More focus on adult ethno-racial and social class populations and groups. This itself is to them "scary," and youth, especially those of color, are scarier still.

Publications

  • Type: Book Chapters Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Baizerman, M., & VeLure Roholt, R. (2016). Youth Worker Professional Development: Moving from Practicing the Symbolic to Working Substantively, in Pozzoboni, K.M. & Kirsher, B., ed., The Changing Landscape of Youth Work: Theory and Practice for an Evolving Field. Charlotte, NC: Information Age Publications, 51-67.
  • Type: Books Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2017 Citation: Baizerman, M., & VeLure Roholt, R., eds. (2017) Evaluating Youth Civic Engagement. Chicago: Lyceum. (in press)


Progress 10/01/14 to 09/30/15

Outputs
Target Audience:The ultimate target audience are the youth, families, and communities of St Paul, MN, who do and could use municipal neighborhood recreation services. Many of these communities are rapidly changing from Caucasian to African-American, Hmong, Somali, and other more recent immigrant groups. A majority are low to lower-middle-income and many are on the city's East Side and West Sides. To increase access and appropriate and responsive programming, leaders and managers in City of St Paul Parks and Recreation [P & R] are a direct target audience. About half of these workers are racial/ethnic minorities. In turn, these workers supervise direct service recreation workers who supervise activities with children, youth, and families; most of these workers belong to ethnic/racial minorities, and are predominantly in their 20's-30's. Changes/Problems:Moving more slowly because of legal challenges to job changes in this City agency; these are now resolved. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?This project phase has been primarily training and program development for four different P & R staff groups. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results of training and professional development have been disseminated throughout P & R. A book chapter is forthcoming and an article for a community practice journal is in preparation. This work has been presented in University undergraduate and graduate courses in Youth Studies, School of Social Work. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Active experiential education pedagogy for continued professional development of Directors will be begun following site visits and field observations at local P & R centers and at community meetings. Community youth workers will team with us to do youthwork and youth programming training with recreation center staff. Included will be focus on youth gangs and cliques, youth-police relations, staff-police relations, as well as classical youthwork, family work, and direct work with local schools. Now, youth civic engagement training and practice can be begun.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? The transition in Director role and in management structure from top-down to community-based is almost complete. Still new is neighborhood-based planning and responsive programming. This we take-on next. These changes are in Directors' cognitive maps of their work and their new worlds, in their movement from managing recreation centers to facilitating community programming, and from a centralized municipal bureaucracy to a local, community-driven agency. The community-youth workers were accepted by their peers as a consultation group on youth activities, programs, and crises (e.g. gang presence, shootings, fights), also a major accomplishment facilitating quality youth programming.

Publications

  • Type: Book Chapters Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2016 Citation: Baizerman, M., & VeLure Roholt, R. (2016). Youth Worker Professional Development: Moving from Practicing the Symbolic to Working Substantively, in Kirsher, B., ed., The Changing Landscape of Youth Work: Theory and Practice for an Evolving Field. Charlotte, NC: Information Age Publishing.