Progress 07/15/13 to 12/31/13
Outputs
Target Audience: 1) Potato Breeders/Industry 2) Food and Nutrition Scientists/Students 3) Researchers Working In the Areas of Colonic to systemic inflammation and colon cancer prevention Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Students presented their transdisciplinary research at the Experimental Biology 2014, April 26-30th, San Diego, CA and The Potato Association of America 98th Annual Meeting, July 27-31, 2014, Spokane, Washington. Graduate student presenteations were well received and the students received first and third prizes in Frank L Haynes Graduate Student Research Competition at the PAA 98th annual meeting. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? This work resulted in one research article published in the American Journal of Potato Research and one review article which was published in Gastroenterology. This work also resulted in four abstracts in international conferences; two were presented at the Experimental Biology 2014, April 26-30th, San Diego, CA and another two at the Potato Association of America 98th Annual Meeting, July 27-31, 2014, Spokane, Washington. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
OUTPUTS: Anti-inflammatory properties of processed purple-fleshed potatoes were tested using agriculturally relevant pig model consuming a high-fat diet (HFD). We utilized samples from 1) Reversal study where pigs (12 weeks on HFD) consumed HFD containing 10 or 20% purple or white-fleshed potato chips for additional 5 weeks (n = 8/group) and 2) Prevention study where 64 pigs, 3 weeks post-weaning consumed one of 8 diets: standard diet, HFD and HFD supplemented with purple or white-fleshed potatoes as raw, baked or chips (10% w/w) for 13 weeks. In the reversal study, distal colon mucosal expression of TLR-2 and NF-kB were suppressed only in the animals consuming purple-fleshed potato supplemented diets at both 10% and 20% supplementation compared to the HFD controls (P < 0.05). Ki-67 proliferative index, a marker for increased colon cancer risk, was also numerically suppressed in the purple-fleshed potato group (10%) compared to the HFD controls. In the prevention study, pigs consuming potato supplemented diets had suppressed distal colon mucosal expression of TLR-2, NF-kB, and IL-6 compared to the HFD controls with levels of these markers similar to the standard group (P < 0.05). HFD consumption elevated both colonocyte proliferative index and zone compared to the standard controls. All the animals consuming potato supplemented diets had numerically lower proliferative index compared to the HFD control suggesting that potato might counter HFD induced colonic inflammation and related risk for colon cancer. Overall, our results suggest that the consumption of purple-fleshed potatoes both prevent and reverse HFD elevated inflammatory markers and proliferative index (non-significant) in the distal colon. Serum samples from these pigs were analyzed using untargeted metabolomics (LC/MS/MS) to determine effect of HFD and/or potato consumption on the serum metabolome. High-fat diet consumption altered serum metabolite profile compared to standard diet. In addition, processing of potatoes had greater effect than cultivar (color) on the serum metabolite profile (OPLS-DA clustering) of animals. Sensory attributes of potato chips and baked potatoes made from seven cultivars (RioGrande Russet, Russet Burbank, Atlantic, ACC99-375-IR, All Blue, Mountain Rose and All Red) stored at two temperatures (40°F and 50°F; 90 days) were assessed using approximately 100 untrained panelists. The panelists were asked to judge the samples for appearance, taste, color, texture, and overall acceptability on a 9-point hedonic scale (1 = disliked extremely; 9 = liked extremely). Atlantic cultivar received highest mean scores for all the sensory attributes measured. Overall acceptability scores for Mountain Rose chips were similar to Atlantic. Storage temperature did not significantly reduce the sensory attribute scores of baked and chipped potatoes. IMPACTS: High-fat diet (HFD) consumption has a causal link to colon cancer. High-fat elevated colonic inflammation provides a conducive environment for colon cancer to develop. This study, for the first time, in a human relevant pig model, reports that purple-fleshed potato supplementation, even at low levels (10%), both prevented and reversed HFD elevated colonic inflammation and colonocyte proliferation index (non-significant). Results from this study indicate that it is possible to develop color-fleshed varieties with enhanced health-benefits as well as with desirable sensory attributes. This work resulted in two peer-reviewed publications; one research article published in the American Journal of Potato Research and one review article which was published in Gastroenterology. This work also resulted in four abstracts in international conferences; two were presented at the Experimental Biology 2014 and another two at the the Potato Association of America 98th Annual Meeting, 2014.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
F Amer, L Reddivari, G Madiwale, M Stone, D Holm and J Vanamala. 2014. Effect of genotype and storage on glycoalkaloid and acrylamide content and sensory attributes of potato chips. Am J Potato Res. In Press.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
L Ursell, H Haiser, WV Treuren, N Garg, L Reddivari, J Vanamala, P Dorrestein, P Turnbaugh and R Knight. 2014. The Intestinal Metabolome: An Intersection Between Microbiota and Host. Gastroenterol, 146(6): 1470-1476.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
L Markham, L Reddivari, L Ursell, D Holm, G Ziegler, R Knight, and J Vanamala. 2014. Potatoes cant take the heat: Effects of cultivar and processing on global metabolite/nutritional profiles. Potato Association of America, Spokane, WA. (Oral presentation - 1st Prize in Frank L Haynes Graduate Student Research Competition).
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
A Sido, S Radhakrishan, E Eriksson, SW Kim, L Reddivari, and J Vanamala. 2014. Purple and white potatoes, even after processing, suppress colonic interleukin-6 expression, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, in a high-fat consuming pig model. Potato Association of America, Spokane, WA. (Oral presentation - 3rd Prize in Frank L Haynes Graduate Student Research Competition).
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
J Vanamala, S Radhakrishnan, E Eriksson, V Charepalli, SW Kim and L Reddivari. 2014. High-fat diet induced expansion of colon crypt epithelial proliferative zone towards lumen correlates with elevated innate inflammatory markers in the human-relevant porcine model. FASEB J 28:123.2.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
S Radhakrishnan, SW Kim, L Reddivari and J Vanamala. 2014. Purple-fleshed potato, even after processing, prevents and reverses high-fat diet elevated colonic-mesenteric fat-systemic inflammation cascade in pig model. FASEB J 28:1045.47.
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