Progress 11/05/13 to 09/30/18
Outputs
Target Audience:The main target audiences were flax growers and flax industry who were providing flax cultivars in this North Central region of USA. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?
Nothing Reported
How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?
Nothing Reported
What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Flax cultivar 'Gold ND' was named and released. PVP was applied for and approved (PVP application #201500005). Thenew release is higher yielding that 'Omega' and 'Carter' the other yellow seeded cultivars in production in North America.The seed color is lighter (more blonde) than 'Carter'. In 2015 we seeded over 15,000 short rows in state-wide andpreliminary trials at Fargo and Carrington. Visual selection was performed and materials were harvested. These selections were advanced in the program in 2016 for additional selection. In 2016, precipitation amounts during the growing season were below average in spring, which reduced yield potential ofentries at all sites across the state. Nineexperimental flaxseed lines were evaluated in the Uniform Regional Nursery at 4 locations in North Dakota. An additional 20lines in their third year of testing and 56 lines in their second year of yield trial evaluation were tested in three ND locations. 2,228 lines were tested in yield trials using an augmented block design in Fargo. Flaxseed from all yield trials was tested for oilcontent. 11,550 F5 progeny rows were grown in Fargo. About 1,000 lines with acceptable height, straw strength, and uniformity wereselected and advanced to the 2017 preliminary yield trial in Fargo. Plants were selected from 30 F3 and 63 F2 populations.Selected plants from the populations were advanced to progeny rows in 2017. Forty crosses were made in winter2016 in the greenhouse. The F1 seed was increased in the fall 2016 greenhouse and seed was sown as F2 populations in2017. In 2017, the line NDFB10 was released as ND Hammond. Uniform Regional Nursery (URN) (F8 generation): 36 entrieswere evaluated in Fargo, Casselton and Carrington. The URN had 3 replications, 4 rows per plot, and 8ft plot each. Theplots were harvested using a Wintersteiger combine from the canola breeding program. Advanced yield trial (AYT) (F7 generation): 25 entries were evaluated in Fargo, Casselton and Carrington. The AYT had 3replications, 4 rows per plot, and 8ft plot each. The plots were harvested usinga Wintersteiger combine from thecanola breeding program. Intermediate yield trial (IYT) (F6 generation): 100 entries were evaluated in Fargo, Casselton and Carrington. The IYT had 3replications, 4 rows per plot, and 8ft plot each. The plots were harvested using a Wintersteiger combine from thecanola breeding program. Preliminary yield trial (PYT) (F5 generation): 1,057 entries were evaluated in Fargo. The PYT was planted with replicatedchecks, 2 rows per plot, and 16ft plot each. The plots were harvested using Suzue 2 row binder. Short-row generation (F4 generation): 4,000 short rows (7ft each) were planted in Fargo, and 500 rows were selected basedon visual agronomic scores and harvested using Suzue 1 row binder for 2018 PYT. F3 Bulk population (F3 generation): 50 populations were planted in Fargo. 7,500 individual plants were pulled and threshedfor planting the F4 short-row generation in 2018. F2 Bulk Populations (F2 generation): There was severe damage due to thrips in the greenhouse in spring 2017. Therefore, 42crosses were made and only 11 populations were harvested from the greenhouse and planted in the field in Fargo. Theentire populations were harvested to plant the F3 bulk populations in 2018. The following are plans for the winter greenhouse 2017-2018: 3 brown seeded advanced lines will be crossed with Prairie View, Prairie Shpphire and Webster. 3 golden-yellow advanced lines will be crossed to Gold ND. All the F1 seeds will be planted again in the GH to produce F seeds for 2018. The F1 seed from last winter will be planted to produce F2 seed for 2018.
Publications
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Progress 10/01/16 to 09/30/17
Outputs
Target Audience:The main target audiences were flax growers and flax industry who were providing flax cultivars in this North Central region of USA. Changes/Problems:Weather is always a problem for field crop production. Flax usually is the last crop to plant in North Dakota. Therefore, our experimental practice is also based on late plant in experimental locations. Due to late planting, the crop exposed to high temperature during flowering time of flax in the year 2017. This late planting affected the crop with lower yield in 2017. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?
Nothing Reported
How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?A presentation was given to AmeriFlax board on current flax activities and research on Wednesday November 15, 2017. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?I will continue to talk to the flax growers and AmeriFlax board to understand their concern and to report their questions. Research emphasis will be given to develop high seed yield, high oil content, biotic and abiotic stress tolerant flax germplasm adapted to North Central region of the USA.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Pre-released flax breeding line "NDFB10" in April 2017. The pre-released line has better yield and agronomy than the existing ND flax cultivars. Will propose to release the "NDFB10" in January 2018 in NDSU variety release committee. Will propose a new breeding line "NDFB13" to pre-lease committee. Will propose a new breeding line "NDFY11" to pre-lease committee. 2017 flax research activities are as follows: Uniform Regional Nursery (URN) (F8 generation): 36 entries were evaluated in Fargo, Casselton and Carrington. The URN had 3 replications, 4 rows per plot, and 8ft plot each. The plots were harvested using Wintersteiger combine of canola breeding program. Advanced yield trial (AYT) (F7 generation): 25 entries were evaluated in Fargo, Casselton and Carrington. The AYT had 3 replications, 4 rows per plot, and 8ft plot each. The plots were harvested using Wintersteiger combine of canola breeding program. Intermediate yield trial (IYT) (F6 generation): 100 entries were evaluated in Fargo, Casselton and Carrington. The IYT had 3 replications, 4 rows per plot, and 8ft plot each. The plots were harvested using Wintersteiger combine of canola breeding program. Preliminary yield trial (PYT) (F5 generation): 1,057 entries were evaluated in Fargo. The PYT was planted with replicated checks, 2 rows per plot, and 16ft plot each. The plots were harvested using Suzue 2 row binder. Short-row generation (F4 generation): 4,000 short rows (7ft each) were planted in Fargo, and 500 rows were selected based on visual agronomic scores and harvested using Suzue 1 row binder for 2018 PYT. F3 Bulk population (F3 generation): 50 populations were planted in Fargo. 7,500 individual plants were pulled and threshed for planting the F4 short-row generation in 2018. F2 Bulk Populations (F2 generation): There was severe damage due to thrips in the greenhouse in spring 2017. Therefore, 42 crosses were made and only 11 populations were harvested from the greenhouse and planted in the field in Fargo. The entire populations were harvested to plant the F3 bulk populations in 2018. The following are plans for the winter greenhouse 2017-2018: 3 brown seeded advanced lines will be crossed with Prairie View, Prairie Shpphire and Webster. 3 golden-yellow advanced lines will be crossed to Gold ND. All the F1 seeds will be planted again in the GH to produce F seeds for 2018. The F1 seed from last winter will be planted to produce F2 seed for 2018. The following are the Land used for 2017: Fargo: 5 acres for yield trial and ¾ acre for the Historical Wilt Nursery Casselton: 1 Acre (URN, AYT, IYT) Carrington: 1 Acre (URN, AYT, IYT)
Publications
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Progress 10/01/15 to 09/30/16
Outputs
Target Audience:Includes flax growers, processors and people utilizing seed from the crop, crop consultants, and extension personnel. Efforts to reach these audiences included a presentation at the 2016 Flax Institute on 31 March 31, and answering e-mail, phone call, and office visit questions pertaining to flax cultivars and flax production from individuals in the target audience Changes/Problems:Dr. James Hammond passed away in August 2016. He served as the flax breeder at NDSU for 47 years. Dr. Richard Horsley will take on the responsibilities of overseeing the flax breeding program. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?
Nothing Reported
How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results will be disseminated via articles in peer-reviewed journals and popular press, field day presentations, and presentations to stakeholder groups at local and regional meetings. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Impacts North Dakota produces over 90% of the flaxseed produced in the US, with an average annual value of $66.7 million (4-yr avg.). The flax breeding program at the ND Agricultural Experiment Station is the only one in the US and one of three in North America. Outputs Objective 1: Develop and evaluate genetic material to improve yield potential, high oil content and oil quality, and agronomic characteristics for potential flaxseed cultivars while maintaining resistance to pests. Commercial flaxseed cultivars, new cultivars, and promising advanced selections were evaluated at 3 locations in ND. In addition, off-station trials with new and check cultivars were conducted by ND Research Extension Centers across the state. Precipitation amounts during the growing season were below average in spring, which reduced yield potential of entries at all sites across the state. Above average precipitation following heading in northeast ND provided favorable conditions for lodging, foliar diseases, and FHB. Our Carrington yield trials were destroyed by hail in early July. 9 experimental flaxseed lines were evaluated in the Uniform Regional Nursery at 4 locations in North Dakota. An additional 20 lines in their third year of testing and 56 lines in their second year of yield trial evaluation were tested in three ND locations. 2,228 lines were tested in yield trials using an augmented block design in Fargo. Flaxseed from all yield trials are tested for oil content. Objective 2: Develop and maintain populations with useful genetic variability for oil content and quality, agronomic characteristics, and pest resistance. 11,550 F5 progeny rows were grown in Fargo. About 1,000 lines with acceptable height, straw strength, and uniformity will be selected and advanced to the 2017 preliminary yield trial in Fargo. Plants were selected from 30 F3 and 63 F2 populations. Selected plants from the populations will be advanced to progeny rows in 2017. 40 crosses were made in winter 2016 in the greenhouse. The F1 seed was increased in the fall 2016 greenhouse and seed will be grown as F2 populations in 2017.
Publications
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Progress 10/01/14 to 09/30/15
Outputs
Target Audience:Results of the breeding and genetic of flax is reported annually to the flax grower commodity group, Ameriflax. The report for 2015 occurred Nov 18 in Fargo. In addition, field day presentations are presented as requested across the state and region. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?
Nothing Reported
How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?
Nothing Reported
What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Flax cultivar 'Gold ND' was named and released. PVP application #201500005 was filed October 16, 2014 and approved September 8, 2015. The new release is higher yielding that 'Omega' and 'Carter' the other yellow seeded cultivars in production in North America. The seed color is lighter (more blonde) than 'Carter'. In addition to state-wide trials and preliminary trials at Fargo and Carrington, over 15,000 short rows were seeded, visual selections practices and harvested at Fargo in 2015. These selections will be advanced in the program in 2016 for addition selection and advance.
Publications
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Progress 11/05/13 to 09/30/14
Outputs
Target Audience: Results of the breeding and genetic of flax is reported annually to the flax grower commodity group, Ameriflax. In addition, field day presentations are presented as requested across the state and region. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?
Nothing Reported
How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Presentation on the flax breeding effort in the US made at the Flax Institute. Radio interview with Mick Karr during the Flax Institute on the ND flax breeding program. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Flax cultivar 'Gold ND' was named and released. PVP application has been filed (not yet approved). The new release is higher yielding that 'Omega' and 'Carter' the other yellow seeded cultivars in production in North America. The seed color is lighter (more blonde) than 'Carter'.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
C. C. Jan, G. J. Seiler, and J. J. Hammond. 2014. Effect of Wild Helianthus Cytoplasms on Agronomic and Oil Characteristics of Cultivated Sunflower (H. annuus L.). Plant Breeding Volume 133, Issue 2, pages 262267, April 2014.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Evaluation of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) as a viable crop again in Kentucky compared with production in North Dakota Maythem Al-Amery, Watchareewan Jamboonsri, Chad Lee, James Hammond, Tim Phillips, Xile Li and David Hildebrand.2014. ASA Wednesday, November 5, 2014,Long Beach Convention Center.
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