Source: KANSAS STATE UNIV submitted to NRP
MARKETING AND DELIVERY OF QUALITY GRAINS AND BIOPROCESS COPRODUCTS
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
COMPLETE
Funding Source
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
1001093
Grant No.
(N/A)
Cumulative Award Amt.
(N/A)
Proposal No.
(N/A)
Multistate No.
NC-_old213
Project Start Date
Oct 1, 2013
Project End Date
Sep 30, 2018
Grant Year
(N/A)
Program Code
[(N/A)]- (N/A)
Recipient Organization
KANSAS STATE UNIV
(N/A)
MANHATTAN,KS 66506
Performing Department
Grain Science & Industry
Non Technical Summary
With the increasing production of cereal grains and oilseeds, grain handling and storage facilities needs updated procedures to assure food quality and safety. Further, the increased production of coproducts, especially distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), has created new handling, storage, transportation, marketing and utilization challenges. Processors and grain/coproduct handlers require much more quality control methods for production of stable products. New handling/processing/storage techniques and methods may be able to increase production efficiency significantly. Technologies and products aligned with changing grain properties increases output quality, quantity and safety at the product supply chain.
Animal Health Component
50%
Research Effort Categories
Basic
50%
Applied
50%
Developmental
(N/A)
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
5121549106034%
4013910101033%
5035399202033%
Goals / Objectives
To characterize quality and safety attributes of cereals, oilseeds, and their processed products, and to develop related measurement systems. To develop efficient operating and management systems that maintain quality, capture value, and preserve food safety in the farm-to-user supply chain. To be a multi-institutional framework for the creation of measureable impacts generated by improvements in the supply chain that maintain quality, increase value, and protect food safety/security.
Project Methods
Develop and validate calibration for rheological properties of cereal grains and their products based on their physical and chemical properties. Develop in-line NIR calibrations for measuring ash, protein, and moisture content of products from wheat for industrial process control. Development of systems and methods to preserved quality and improve processing characteristics of identity-preserved wheat. Determine the effect of oil removal from coproducts on quality, nutritional value, and handling characteristics. Investigate gaseous treatment technologies to mitigate insect, microbial, and mycotoxin contamination and odors. Develop novel methods for drying, disinfesting, and disinfecting cereal grains and processed products including controlling phosphine-resistant insects. Investigate efficacy and economic viability of insect control technologies for food processing facilities that can be used as alternatives to current technologies such as methylbrobide fumigation and improve stored grain insect control with a 3D stored grain ecosystem and fumigant distribution model.

Progress 10/01/13 to 09/30/18

Outputs
Target Audience:Members and constituents of: Kansas Wheat Commission; U.S. Wheat Associates; Kansas Corn Commission; Kansas Soybean Commission; Kansas Grain and Feed Association; American Feed Industry Association; National Grain and Feed Association; and Grain Elevator and Processing Society. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?The results have been disseminated through publications, conference presentations, and work shops. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? The NC-213 participating researchers focused on developing new technologies for grain postharvest quality management, understanding the grain storage environment by applying mathematical modeling concepts, and handling and processing of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS). The 3-dimensional mathematical model developed at KSU was used to study the heat, mass and momentum transfer inside grain storage bunkers. The researchers also developed the budget and stochastic dominance models to improve the pest management decison-making tools from commingling effects of insect activity in the grain elevator boot area. The researchers also developed a diagnoistic cleaved sequence method to detect the insects with alleles for strong resistance to phosphine in stored grains. The researchers also evaluated the potential of six newly developed dry insect formulations to be used as candidadate grain protectants and also evaluated the impact of surrounding environments on the efficacy of synergized pyrethrin aerosol. The researchers also evaluated the potentiality of methoprene treated polymer packages to protect the food products stored in them. The effectiveness of chlorine dioxide and ozone gases against eggs, young larvae, old larvae, and pupae of several storedproduct insects were determined. The baseline was determined for both the gases inorder to manage the insects at different stages. Alternatives to chemical grain protectants are needed that have low mammalian toxicity and high specificity to insects with no adverse environmental impacts. The effect of inert dusts (DiaFil and Celite) against the bulk flow properties of wheat and also on the different stored pests was established. Also, the effect of other powders (by-product of an aluminum silicate factory) were also evaluated against the rice weevils, maize weevils, and other stored product insects on concrete surfaces and on wheat and corn. The sampling plans were developed and validated for ham mite. A thermal death kinetic model was developed and validated to predict the survival of first instars of the red flour beetle during facility heat treatments.The researchers also evaluated the significance of different storage regimes on the flow properties of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) from the hoppers and rail cars.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Tadesse, T.M., and Subramanyam, Bh., 2018a. Efficacy of filter cake and Triplex powders from Ethiopia applied to concrete arenas against Sitophilus zeamais. Journal of Stored Products Research 76, 140150. Tadesse, T.M., and Subramanyam, Bh., 2018b. Efficacy of filter cake and Triplex powders from Ethiopia applied to wheat against Sitophilus zeamais and Sitophilus oryzae. Journal of Stored Products Research 79, 4052. Xinyi E, Beibei L, and Subramanyam, Bh., 2018. Toxicity of chlorine dioxide gas to phosphine-susceptible and -resistant adults of five stored-product insect species: influence of temperature and food during gas exposure. Journal of Economic Entomology 111, 1947-1957. Scheff, D.S., Subramanyam, Bh., Arthur, F.H., and Dogan, H. 2018. Plodia interpunctella and Trogoderma variabile larval penetration of untreated and methoprene-treated foil packaging. Journal of Stored Product Research 78, 74-82. Scheff, D.S., Sehgal, B., and Subramanyam, Bh. 2018. Evaluating penetration ability of Plodia interpunctella (H�bner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) larvae into multilayer polypropylene packages. Insects 9:42, pp. 1-15. doi:10.3390/insects9020042 Lakshmikantha H. C., Subramanyam, Bh., and Zurek, L., 2018. Molecular characterization of antibiotic resistant and potentially virulent enterococci isolated from swine farms and feed mills. Journal of Stored Products Research 77, 189-196.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Tadesse, T. M., and Subramanyam, Bh., 2018. Toxicity of fine powders, filter cake and Triplex, against Sitophilus zeamais adults, pp.783-788. In: Adler, C.S., Opit, G., F�rstenau, B., M�ller-Blenkle, C., Kern, P., Arthur, F.H., Athanassiou, C.G., Bartosik, R., Campbell, J., Carvalho, M.O., Chayaprasert, W., Fields, P., Li, Z., Maier, D., Nayak, M., Nukenine, E., Obeng-Ofori, D., Phillips, T., Riudavets, J., Throne, J., Sch�ller, M., Stejskal, V., Talwana, H., Timlick, B., and Trematerra, P. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 12th International Working Conference on Stored-Product Protection, October 7-11, 2018, Berlin, Germany. Julius-K�hn-Archiv, 463, 2018. Armstrong, P.R., McNeill, S.G., Subramanyam, Bh., Akowuha, J.O., Kofi, J.D., Enoch, N.M., Osekre, A., Opit, G., Arthur, F.H., and Campbell, J.F., 2018.Low-cost instrument to measure equilibrium moisture content of bagged and bulked grain, pp 31-33. In: Adler, C.S., Opit, G., F�rstenau, B., M�ller-Blenkle, C., Kern, P., Arthur, F.H., Athanassiou, C.G., Bartosik, R., Campbell, J., Carvalho, M.O., Chayaprasert, W., Fields, P., Li, Z., Maier, D., Nayak, M., Nukenine, E., Obeng-Ofori, D., Phillips, T., Riudavets, J., Throne, J., Sch�ller, M., Stejskal, V., Talwana, H., Timlick, B., and Trematerra, P. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 12th International Working Conference on Stored-Product Protection, October 7-11, 2018, Berlin, Germany. Julius-K�hn-Archiv, 463, 2018.


Progress 10/01/16 to 09/30/17

Outputs
Target Audience:Members and constituents of: Kansas Wheat Commission, U.S Wheat Associates, Kansas Corn Commission, Kansas Soybean Commission, Kansas Grain and Feed Association, American Feed Industry Association, National Grain and Feed Association, and Grain Elevator and Processing Society Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?The results have been disseminated through publications, conference presentations, and work shops. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?During the next year we are planning to work on: 1. Characterrizing the effect of chlorine dioxide and ozone on immature stages of other storage insects. 2. The effect of moisture of inert dusts on the flow properties of wheat and efficasy against the insects will be analyzed. 3. The PHAST-3D model (Post-Harvest Aeration and Storage Simulation tool) will be validated against data collected in pilot bins, farm bins and commercial storage structures.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? The effectiveness of chlorine dioxide and ozone gases against eggs, young larvae, old larvae, and pupae of several stored-product insects weredetermined. The baseline was determined for both the gases inorder to manage the insects at different stages. The effect of inert dusts (DiaFil and Celite) against the bulk flow properties of wheat and also on the different stored pests was established. Also, the effect of other powders (by-product of an aluminum silicate factory) were also evaluated against therice weevils, maize weevils, and other stored product insects on concrete surfaces and on wheat and corn. The sampling plans were developed and validatedfor ham mite. Athermal death kinetic model was developed and validated to predict the survival of first instars of the red flour beetle during facility heat treatments.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2017 Citation: Tadesse, T. M., and Bh. Subramanyam. 2017. Efficacy of filter cake and Triplex powders from Ethiopia applied to concrete arenas against Sitophilus zeamais. Journal of Stored Products Research (in press).
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Subramanyam, Bh., E. Xinyi, S. Savoldelli, and B. Sehgal. 2017. Efficacy of ozone against Rhyzopertha dominica adults in wheat. Journal of Stored Products Research 70: 53-59. Xinyi, E., Bh. Subramanyam, and B. Li. 2017. Efficacy of ozone against phosphine susceptible and resistant strains of four stored-product insect species. Insects 8, 42: 1-14. DOI:10.3390/insects8020042. Xinyi, E., Bh. Subramanyam, and B. Li. 2017. Responses of phosphine susceptible and resistant strains of five stored-product insect species to chlorine dioxide. Journal of Stored Products Research 72: 21-27. Adedeji, A. A., E. Suhr, Bh. Subramanyam, and S. Alavi. 2017. Drying characteristics of bean analog-a sorghum based extruded product. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation 41: 1-14. DOI:10.1111/jfpp.12856. Tilley, D. R., M. E. Casada, Bh. Subramanyam, and F. H. Arthur. 2017. Temporal changes in stored-product insect populations associated with boot, pit, and load-out areas of grain elevators and feed mills. Journal of Stored Products Research 73: 62-73. L� Jianhua, B. Sehgal, and Bh. Subramanyam. 2017. Insecticidal potential of a synthetic zeolite against the cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). Journal of Stored Products Research 72: 28-34. Armstrong, P. R., E. B. Maghirang, Bh. Subramanyam, and S. G. McNeill. 2017. Equilibrium moisture content of Kabuli chickpea, black sesame, and white sesame seeds. Applied Engineering in Agriculture 33: 737-742.
  • Type: Book Chapters Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Dogan, H., and B. Subramanyam. 2017. Analysis of extraneous matter, pp. 599-614. Chapter 34. In: Nielsen, S. S. (Ed.), Food Analysis, Fifth Edition. Springer International Publishing AG, Cham, Switzerland. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-45776-5. Dessalegn, T., T. Solomon, T. G. Kristos, A. Solomon, S. Seboka, Y. Chane, Bh. Subramanyam, K. A. Roberts, F. Abay, and R. Mahroof. 2017. Post-harvest wheat losses in Africa: an Ethiopian case study, pp. 85-104. In: Langridge, P. (Ed.), Achieving Sustainable Cultivation of Wheat, Volume 2, Cultivation Techniques. Burleigh Dodds Series in Agricultural Sciences, Book 6, Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing Limited, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2017 Citation: Tadesse, T. M., and Bh. Subramanyam. 2017. Efficacy of filter cake and Triplex against the maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky. NC-213 Annual Meeting on Marketing and Delivery of Quality Grains and Bio-processed Coproducts, Embassy Suites Hotel, February 28-March 1, 2017, Kansas City, Missouri. Li, B., and Bh. Subramanyam. 2017. Control of immature stages of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) with chlorine dioxide. NC-213 Annual Meeting on Marketing and Delivery of Quality Grains and Bio-processed Coproducts, Embassy Suites Hotel, February 28-March 1, 2017, Kansas City, Missouri. Andrada, M., and Bh. Subramanyam. 2017. The role of short-term adult feeding by Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) on establishment of first instars on sound wheat kernels. NC-213 Annual Meeting on Marketing and Delivery of Quality Grains and Bio-processed Coproducts, Embassy Suites Hotel, February 28-March 1, 2017, Kansas City, Missouri. Xinyi, E., and Bh. Subramanyam. 2017. Control of stored-product insects with chlorine dioxide gas. North Central Branch Entomological Society of America Annual Meeting, June 4-7, 2017, Indianapolis, Indiana. Yao, K. D., and Bh. Subramanyam. 2017. Progeny production suppression and inhibition of egg-to-adult emergence of five species of stored-product insects on zeolite-treated corn. North Central Branch Entomological Society of America Annual Meeting, June 4-7, 2017, Indianapolis, Indiana. Tadesse, T. M., and Bh. Subramanyam. 2017. Efficacy of filter cake and Triplex against Sitophilus zeamais on concrete arenas. 2017 US Borlaug Summer Institute on Global Food Security, June 4-13, 2017, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana. (Poster). Lovely, J. F., Bh. Subramanyam, Bh. Subramanyam, and R. Mahroof. 2017. A dynamic model for predicting survival of Tribolium castaneum adults to elevated temperatures during heat treatment of grain-processing facilities. 2017 ASABE Annual International Meeting, July 16-19, 2017, Spokane, Washington. Xinyi, E., and Bh. Subramanyam. 2017. The use of chlorine dioxide in controlling stored-product insect pests: an overview. PureLine Technical Meeting, October 24-25, 2017, Bensenville, Illinois. Yao, K. D., and Bh. Subramanyam. 2017. Inert dusts water activity: the overlooked critical factor in efficacy assessment. Entomological Society of America Annual Meeting, November 5-8, 2017, Denver, Colorado. Tadesse, T. M., and Bh. Subramanyam. 2017. Efficacy of filter cake and Triplex against Sitophilus zeamais on wheat. Entomological Society of America Annual Meeting, November 5-8, 2017, Denver, Colorado.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Scheff, D. S., Bh. Subramanyam, and F. H. Arthur. 2017. Susceptibility of Tribolium castaneum and Trogoderma variabile larvae and adults exposed to methoprene-treated woven packaging material. Journal of Stored Products Research 73: 142-150. Bingham, A. C., Bh. Subramanyam, R. Mahroof, and S. Alavi. 2017. Development and validation of a model for predicting survival of young larvae of Tribolium castaneum exposed to elevated temperatures during heat treatment of grain-processing facilities. Journal of Stored Products Research 72: 153-152. Amoah, B., D. Hagstrum, Bh. Subramanyam, J. F. Campbell, M. W. Schilling, and T. W. Phillips. 2017. Sampling methods to detect and estimate populations of Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Schrank) (Sarcoptiformes: Acaridae) infested dry-cured ham. Journal of Stored Products Research 73: 98-108.
  • Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2017 Citation: Subramanyam, Bh. 2017. Pest risk analysis. Cochran Fellowship Program: Egypt-Risk Management for Grains and Oilseeds, October 15-17, 2017, International Grains Program and Conference Center, Manhattan, Kansas. Subramanyam, Bh. 2017. Pest management and fumigation techniques in grain storage facilities. Cochran Fellowship Program: Egypt-Risk Management for Grains and Oilseeds, October 15-17, 2017, International Grains Program and Conference Center, Manhattan, Kansas. Subramanyam, Bh. 2017. Pesticide detection, usage, and maximum residue levels. Cochran Fellowship Program: Egypt-Risk Management for Grains and Oilseeds, October 15-17, 2017, International Grains Program and Conference Center, Manhattan, Kansas. Subramanyam, Bh. 2017. Threshold based sampling for pests. Cochran Fellowship Program: Egypt-Risk Management for Grains and Oilseeds, October 15-17, 2017, International Grains Program and Conference Center, Manhattan, Kansas.


Progress 10/01/15 to 09/30/16

Outputs
Target Audience:Members and constituents of U.S. Wheat Associates, Kansas Corn Commission, Kansas Soyabean Commission, Kansas Grain and Feed Association, American Feed Industry Association, National Grain and Feed Association, and Grain Elevator and Processing Society. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?The results have been disseminated through workshops, short courses and journal publications. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Outputs The NC-213 participating researchers focused on developing the insects management activities through the use of diatomaceous earth. The researchers developed an integrated method with a combination of diatomaceous earth and temperature for controlling the insects in empty bins prior to the storage of newly-harvested grain. The researchers also evaluated the potentiality of methoprene treated polymer packages to protect the food products stored in them. The researchers also evaluated the significance of different storage regimes on the flow properties of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) from the hoppers and rail cars. The researchers continued the work on the development of alternative traetment methods for controlling the phosphine susceptible and resistant strains of five stored-product insect species. Insects and pest management activities are being carried out through the use of heat treatment, aerosol, and inert dusts. Outcomes / Impacts Aletrnative and commercially viable technologies were developed with a combination of of diatomaceous earth and temperature for the insect control in empty grain storage bins. The potentiality of methoprene treated polymer packages were assessed and the research proved that the packages could be used to protect the food products stored in them from the infestations of Tribolium castaneum and Trogoderma variabile. The potentiality of Chlorine dioxide gas was assessed for effective controlling of phosphine susceptible and resistant strains of the red flour beetle, sawtoothed grain beetle, lesser grain borer, maize weevil and rice weevil. The researchers established the suitable storage regimes for effective handling of DDGS in the hoppers and railcars. The researchers etablished that the Chlorine dioxide gas can be used as an alternative traetment methods for controlling these phosphine susceptible and resistant strains. Otherthan the technology development, workers and supervisors in grain handling and processing facilities were trained on postharvest management, grain quality management, handling of grains, and methods of mitigation through workshops, short courses and distance education courses.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: 1. Frederick J.L, Subramanyam B (2016) Influence of temperature and application rate on efficacy of a diatomaceous earth formulation against Tribolium castaneum adults. Journal of Stored Products Research 69, 86-90. 2. Scheff D.S, Subramanyam B, Arthur F.H (2016). Effect of methoprene treated polymer packaging on fecundity, egg hatchability, and egg-to-adult emergence of Tribolium castaneum and Trogoderma variabile. Journal of Stored Products Research 69, 227-234.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: 3. Xinyi E, Subramanyam B, Li B (2017) Responses of phosphine susceptible and resistant strains of five stored-product insect species to chlorine dioxide. Journal of Stored Products Research 72, 21-27.


Progress 10/01/14 to 09/30/15

Outputs
Target Audience:Members and constituents of U.S. Wheat Associates, Kansas Corn Commission, Kansas Soyabean Commission, Kansas Grain and Feed Association, American Feed Industry Association, National Grain and Feed Association, and Grain Elevator and Processing Society. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?The results have been disseminated through workshops, short courses and journal publications. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Outputs The NC-213 researchers focused on developing methods for accounting the effects of insect infestation and impurites (chaff) on flow properties of grains during handling, processing and storage. The methods developed at KSU are being used to evaluate the flow properties of insect infested grains. The researchers also developed the budget and stochastic dominance models to improve the pest management decison-making tools from commingling effects of insect activity in the grain elevator boot area. The researchers also developed a diagnoistic cleaved sequence method to detect the insects with alleles for strong resistance to phosphine in stored grains. The researchers also evaluated the potential of six newly developed dry insect formulations to be used as candidadate grain protectants and also evaluated the impact of surrounding environments on the efficacy of synergized pyrethrin aerosol. Insects and pest management activities are being carried out through the use of aerosol, heat treatment and inert dusts. Outcomes / Impacts Methods and models were developed to uderstand the flow behavior of grains infested with insects during handling, processing, and storage. Models were also develoed to improve the pest management decison-making tools fromcommingling effects of insect activity in the grain elevator boot area. These methods and models were accurate in predicting the flow patterns of grains and selecting the grain elevator boot sanitation days to avoid the costly grain discounts. Short time dectection techniques for the insects with alleles for strong resistance to phosphine in stored grain ecosystems were developed. The impact of surrounding environments on the efficacy of synergized pyrethrin aerosol was also assessed. Otherthan the technology development, workers and supervisors in grain handling and processing facilities were trained on postharvest management, grain quality management, handling of grains, grain dust hazards and methods of mitigation through workshops, short courses and distance education courses.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: 1. Chen Z, Schipalius D, Opit G, Subramanyam B, Philips TW (2015) Diagnostic molecular markers for phosphine resistance in U.S. populations of Tribolium castaneum and Rhyzopertha dominica. PLoS ONE 10(3):e0121343.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0121343 2. Bian Q, Ambrose R.P.K, Subramanyam B (2015) Effects of insect-infested kernels on bulk flow properties of wheat. Journal of Stored Products Research 63, 51-56. 3. Campbell J.F, Buckman K.A, Fields P.G, Subramanyam B (2015)Evaluation of structural treatment efficacy against Tribolium castaneum and Tribolium confusum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) using meta-analysis of multiple studies conducted in food facilities. Journal of Economic Entomology 1-16: doi: 10.1093/jee/tov215. 4. Tilley D.R, Casada M.E, Langemeier M.R, Subramanyam B, Arthur F.H (2015) Economic analysis for commingling effects of insect activity in the elevator boot area. Journal of Economic Entomology 1-8: doi: 10.1093/jee/tov222. 5. Kharel K, Arthur F.H, Zhu K.Y, Campbell J.F, Subramanyam B (2015)Influence of temperature and artificially-created physical barriers on the efficacy of synergized pyrethrin aerosol. Journal of Stored Products Research 60, 36-42. 6. Bian Q, Ambrose R.P.K, Subramanyam B (2015) Effect of chaff on bulk flow properties of wheat. Journal of Stored Products Research 64, 21-26. 7. Subramanyam B, Diveley X.E (2015) Efficacy of six dry formulations of insecticides against five major stored-product insect species. Integrated Protection of Stored Products IOBC-WPRS Bulletin Vol. 111, 53-59.


Progress 10/01/13 to 09/30/14

Outputs
Target Audience: Members and constituents of U.S. Wheat Associates, Kansas Corn Commission, Kansas Soybean Commission, Kansas Grain and Feed Association, American Feed Industry Association, National Grain and Feed Association, and Grain Elevator and Processing Society. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Nothing Reported What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Outputs The goals of this project are to i) characterize quality and safety attributes of cereals, oilseeds, and their processed products, and to develop related measurement systems, ii) develop efficient operating and management systems that maintain quality, capture value, and preserve food safety in the farm-to-user supply chain, iii) be a multi-institutional framework for the creation of measurable impacts generated by improvements in the supply chain that maintain quality, increase value, and protect food safety/security. The NC-213 participating researchers focused on developing new technologies for grain postharvest quality management, understanding the grain storage environment by applying mathematical modeling concepts, and handling and processing of biomass. The 3-dimensional mathematical model developed at KSU is being used to study the heat, mass and momentum transfer inside grain storage bunkers. Insects and pest management activities are being carried out through the use of aerosol, heat treatment, and inert dusts. Outcomes / Impacts Alternate and commercially viable technologies such as heat treatment, aerosol application, and inert dust application in processing industries are highly successful instead of chemical applications as insect and pest control method. The three-dimensional mathematical models were accurate in predicting the grain storage ecosystem. Availability of biomass feedstock, to a biorefinery, was optimized through the use of GIS based modeling approach. Other than technology development, workers and supervisors in grain handling and processing facilities were trained on postharvest management, grain drying and quality management, handling of grains, and grain dust hazards and methods of mitigation through workshops, short courses and distance education courses.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: 1. Sehgal, B., and Subramanyam, B. (2014). Efficacy of a new deltamethrin formulation on concrete and wheat against adults of laboratory and field strains of three stored-grain insect species. Journal of Economic Entomology, 107 (999), 1-10. 2. Subramanyam, B., Boina, D. R., Sehgal, B., and Lazzari, F. (2014). Efficacy of partial treatment of wheat with spinosad against Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) adults. Journal of Stored Products Research, 1-7. 3. Tilley, D., Subramanyan, B., Casada, M., and Arthur, F. (2014). Stored-grain insect population commingling densities in wheat and corn from pilot-scale bucket elevator boots. Journal of Stored Products Research, 59, 1-8. 4. Subramanyam, B., Boina, D. R., and Arthur, F. (2014). Dispersion, efficacy, and persistence of dichlorvos aerosol against two flour beetle life stages in a mill. Journal of Stored Products Research, 59, 96-100.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: 5. Kharel, K., Arthur, F., Zhu, K. Y., Campbell, J., and Subramanyam, B. (2014). Susceptibility of different life stages of Tribolium confusum to pyrethrin aerosol: effects of a flour food source on insecticidal efficacy. Journal of Pest Science, DOI: 10.1007/s10340-013-0549-z. 6. Kharel, K., Arthur, F., Zhu, K.Y., Campbell, J., and Subramanyam, Bh. (2014). Evaluation of synergized pyrethrin aerosol for control of Tribolium castaneum and Tribolium confusum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 107(1), 462-468. 7. Martinez-Kawas, A., Maier, D. E. (2014). Improvements in quantification of biomass feedstock availability to a biorefinery using a GIS-based method. Transactions of the ASABE, 57(2), 533-542.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: 8. Diaz-Montano, J., Campbell, J. F., Phillips, T. W., and Throne, J. E. (2014). Evaluation of potential attractants for Liposcelis bostrichophila (Psocoptera: Liposcelidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 107, 867-874. 9. Ghimire, M. N., and Phillips, T.W. (2014). Oviposition and reproductive performance of Habrobracon hebetor (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) on six different pyralid host species. Annals of Entomological Society of America, 107, 809-817.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: 10. Mahroof, R. M., and Phillips, T. W. (2014). Mating disruption of Lasioderma serricorne (Coleoptera: Anobiidae) in stored product habitats using the synthetic pheromone serricornin. Journal of Applied Entomology, 138, 378-386. 11. Boac, J., Ambrose, R. P. K., Casada, M., Maghirang, R., and Maier, D. E. (2014). Applications of discrete element method in modeling of grain postharvest operations. Food Engineering Reviews, 6(4), 128-149.