Progress 09/01/17 to 08/31/18
Outputs
Target Audience:This grant was designed to target Hispanic junior/senior level B.S. and M.S. animal science majors through engagement activities and exposure to research through experiential learning. The goal was to increase the diversity of the nation's workforce by placing well trained graduates into animal science careers upon graduation with a B.S., M.S, or Ph.D. During the 2017-2018 reporting period, 3 B.S. and 7M.S. students (100% Hispanic Americans) in the Animal Science programs at TAMUK and NMSU were the target audience. Given this was the 5th, No Cost Extension year for this grant project, a minimal number of students were funded and for a shorter period of time. Of the students funded for this reporting period, 60% are current students and have not yet graduated. Most of these students transitioned over to the 'Advancing LEADERS 2 the Doctorate' program once funding became available; thus, they will complete their research and program of study under that funded project. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Students involved with the LEADERS program were in engaged in numerousprofessional development and training opporunitites over the life of this grant. With residual funds during this NCE year, the majority of funds were allocated to student research (salary for students and supplies) and travel. The research training provides students with new technical skill sets that are attractive tograduate programs and other professional career paths. Funds were also allocated to travel expenses associated with taking LEADERSstudents to present the results of their research efforts at professional meetings and the USDA HSI PD meeting. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results have been disseminated to scientific communities of interest through student and faculty presentations and publications. Students in the program are required to present their research. Many present at campus symposiums or discipline-specific professional meetings. Students funded by this program also participated in the 2018 USDA HSI Project Director meetings and presented personal grant program impacts and research results in Washington, D.C. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?This is the final progress report. No other reporting periods. The 'Advancing LEADERS 2 the Doctorate' program was funded by the same granting program and thus, it will continue with many of the same successful activites that were components of the LEADERS program.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
This reporting period includes the 2017-2018 academic year (Year 5). Residual funds remained after Year 4 of the program, so a No Cost Extension (NCE) was submited and approved so the balance of funds could be spent to support grant-related activites in Year 5. Because limited funds remained, they were used to support efforts primarily associated with Objectives 2 and 3 for a small portion of the year. Students receiving funds in Year 5 were animal science majors located at both TAMUK and NMSU. Hands-on training was aquired by all student participants through the research training and mentoring process. Exposure to research connects classroom knowledgeto applicaiton and use. All students in Year 5 either graduated or remained in school to continue their education; thus, the LEADERS program hadpositive impacts on retention and graduation rates at the partnering institutions. Activites associated with Objective 1 were also aquired. These include opportunities for students to attend graduate/professional school. Of the 4 students who graduated during the 2017-2018 academic year, 2 students continued their education with a doctorate (1 Ph.D. and 1 D.V.M.).
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Lopez, F. A., E. R. Oosthuysen, G. C. Duff, J. T. Richeson, K. L. Samuelson, M. E. Hubbert, and C. A. L�est. 2018. Health, performance, and complete blood counts of newly received feedlot heifers in response to an oral drench of water and crude glycerin. Translational Animal Science. 2:S74-S78.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
Lopez, F. A., E. R. Oosthuysen, G. C. Duff, J. T. Richeson, K. L. Samuelson, M. E. Hubbert, and C. A. L�est. 2018. Evaluation of a glycerin drench on the health, performance, and blood cell counts of newly received feedlot heifers. Proc. Plains Nutrition Council. pp. 124-125.
|
Progress 09/01/13 to 08/31/18
Outputs
Target Audience:This grant was designed to target Hispanic junior/senior level B.S. and M.S. animal science majors through engagement activities and exposure to research through experiential learning. The goal was to increase the diversity of the nation's workforce by placing well trained graduates into animal science careers upon graduation with a B.S., M.S, or Ph.D. Over the life of the grant, 36 students (97% Hispanic American) were financially supported through this project, exceeding the original goal of supporting 20 students over the 4-year grant cycle. * Please note that the reported number of students contributing to the FTE count is 43 due to 7 students being funded as a B.S. who then continued their education as a funded M.S. student. (ie They were counted as both a B.S. and M.S. for FTE counts. In total, 36 original students were supported by this grant.) Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?As indicated in the previous section, training future professionals for careers in animal science is a goal of this project and assessment results indicate success through opportunities. Student engagement in research was a requirement of participants funded through this grant. A majority of the project participants (79%) reported that the opportunity to conduct independent research, analyze and interpret their data, and present their results contributed to their continued enrollment and success toward their degree. In addition to research engagement, parallel benefits contributing to student retention included hands-on experiential learning (91%), publishing opportunities (86%), and partnering with faculty in research activities (89%). These values are professional development opportunities that are derivatives of this project and offer insight to program success. * Data reported is an annual average of student responses to end of year surveys (n=4). ? How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results have been disseminated to scientific communities of interest through student and faculty presentations and publications. However, in additional to those traditional dissemination routes, creating Hispanic leaders in animal science can also be measured by the participant's engagement outside of this project through their involvement in both the scientific and local communities. Over the past 5 years, the majority of the students (77%) reported they have been able to get involved to help their community and engaged in peer mentoring (81%), which has indirect benefits by encouraging/helping others. These results suggest that the students involved in the LEADERS program are not only disseminating their research results through professional outlets, they are also reaching out to their community as leaders and preparing themselves to remain active in their discipline after graduation. Results from this project were presented by the project directors at NACTA meetings in Athens, GA (2015) and Honolulu, HI (2016) and at USDA HSI Project Director meetings in Miami, FL (2014) and Washington, D.C. (2015). Students funded by this program also participated in USDA HSI Project Director meetings and presented personal grant program impacts and research results in Albuquerque, NM (2017), and Washington, D.C. (2018). * Data reported is an annual average of student responses to end of year surveys (n=4). ? What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
IMPACT: The LEADERS Program was a collaborative project between Texas A&M University-Kingsville (TAMUK) and New Mexico State University (NMSU) animal science programs that focused on improving underrepresented student success, with a goal of developing well-rounded leaders who are equiped to address global food security issues. The program was designed to support an audience of underrepresented B.S. (n=10) and M.S. (n=10) students; however, we were able to leverage USDA HSI funds with additional funds from other sources. As a result, we were able to provide research opportunities to 80% more students than anticipated. Of the 36 students in the program over the 5-year period, funds from the LEADERS program supported 17 B.S. students and 12 M.S. students. The remaining 7 students were supported on the LEADERS program during their B.S. and, upon graduation, decided to remain at the same institution and pursue a M.S., suggesting the important role undergraduate research can play in a student's decision to continue their education. Likewise, of the 36 total students in the LEADERS program, 7 students who completed their degree (B.S. or M.S.) continued into a doctoral program external to TAMUK or NMSU. These institutions include: Oklahoma State University (n=2), University of Nebraska (student accepted), and Texas A&M University for Ph.D. degrees and Cornell University, Ross University, and Texas A&M University for DVM degrees. In total, 39% of students who participated in the LEADERS program decided to continue their education with an additional advanced degree; 100% of these students were Hispanic Americans. These results demonstrate that a multi-faceted approach of financial support (compensation for research efforts), emotional encouragement (through faculty and peer mentoring), and career awareness (interaction with USDA, state agencies, and private industry) will lead to successful Hispanic graduates who are competitive for graduate research positions and ultimately for careers requiring advanced degrees in the food and agriculture sector. Accomplishments: Between 2013 and 2018, all major goal objectives were accomplished and/or surpassed. Animal Science students from both Texas A&M University-Kingsville (64%) and New Mexico State University (36%) participated in the LEADERS program. In terms of gender, this program was well balanced with 53% female and 47% male participants. A majority of the students in LEADERS reported being first generation college students (range of 50% to 69% each year). A majority of the students reported GPAs of 3.0 or higher. A total of 36 students were funded which is an 80% increase from our original proposal to fund 20 students with this grant. In terms of preparation, students reported agree to strongly agree that they were prepared, encouraged and personally interested in agriculturally related degree programs and or careers within USDA. A primary goal of the project was to increase learning opportunities that transcend the classroom. Animal science faculty from both TAMUK and NMSU participated in the project by mentoring students and partnering with them to conduct original research projects in specific fields of interest. All students that participated in the LEADERS program conducted research. Of these students, 83% presented their research at a professional meeting, conference, or research symposium. Likewise, 50% of students reported having peer-reviewed citations. A unique component of the LEADERS program was the 'University Exchange Program'. While students traveled to visit each institution several times over the period of the grant, during the summer of 2016, three TAMUK students went to NMSU to conduct their research. This was a great experience for students and faculty from both campuses because we were able to collaborate on common research interests while exposing students to a new region/university/culture. This experience strengthened relationships between our universities and increased the student's comfort level of pursuing an additional degree at a different institution. A few of the projects that LEADERS students reported working on include: 'Membrane Progesterone Receptor Alpha Signaling in Breast Cancer Cells,' 'Bioavailability of supplemental ruminally-protected leucine in sheep,' 'Effects of fish meal supplementation on forage intake and metabolizable protein of beef cows grazing winter wheat pasture,' 'Supplemental energy alters rumen microbial degradation of feed in stress-induced steers,' 'Leptin rescues corpora luteal development in leptin deficient conditions,' 'Effect of dietary sulfur on in vitro true digestibility of various feedstuffs,' 'Progestin-mediated activation of MAPK and AKT in nuclear progesterone receptor negative breast epithelial cells: the role of membrane progesterone receptors,' 'Capsaicin supplementation does not reduce lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in growing beef steers,' 'Comparable digestibility of alfalfa hay by senior and mature horses,' 'Effect of inclusion of microalgae Scenedesmus on fatty acid digestion in beef heifers consuming a forage-based diet,' 'The effects of monensin and protein on intake, digestion and ruminal fermentation parameters in cattle consuming low quality forage,' 'Mammalian hormones associated with stress impact microbial fermentation of rumen fluid in vitro,' 'Innate immune response, diet digestibility, and ruminal fermentation patterns of calves supplemented with crude glycerin via drinking water during endotoxin challenge,' 'Blood oximetry responses of glycerin-supplemented and immune-challenged calves,' 'Spatial and temporal identification of leptin and Ob-Rb in the developing porcine corpus luteum,' 'Effect of level of dietary sulfur on in vitro true digestibility of a commercial ration fed to Dorper wethers,' 'Alternative smoke flavor addition to beef sausages: Cold smoked fat,' and 'Correlation of gamma-glutamyl transferase to carcass characteristics in cross-bred feedlot steers.' To ensure a diverse workforce, an additional goal of this project was to increase underrepresented populations representation in animal science degree programs, which offers the potential to achieve long-term increases in Hispanic leaders in the field of animal science. Of the 36 students involved in the LEADERS program, 100% were animal science majors. In terms of underrepresented populations, 97% of the students were Hispanic Americans and 89% were bilingual. For those who were bilingual, 100% spoke Spanish and were completely fluent in English. Reported demographics provide insight that these students represent Hispanic and first generation college students, which when moving into careers in animal science, offer to improve leadership in the animal science industry. All goals and objectives can also be measured in student's perceived satisfaction of this program and support from their corresponding university. When student participants were asked what contributed to their enrollment and success at their institution, consistently, the top 6 responses were: hands-on experiential learning activities, faculty mentoring, attending professional meetings and conferences, partnering with faculty in research activities, opportunities to conduct independent research, analyze and interpret data and present their work, and academic support with course requirements. Likewise, 97% of LEADERS participants agreed that a degree in animal science from their university (TAMUK or NMSU) would prepare them for graduate school or post-graduate degree opportunities. These results demonstrate the value of independent student research and experiential learning because it provides educational opportunities outside of traditional academic/classroom learning environments.
Publications
- Type:
Other
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2018
Citation:
The system won't let me continue without something entered in this field. I had originally saved a publication, then tried to delete it. 'Nothing to Report' check box doesn't work. This is not a publication, simply a placeholder to allow me to complete the report.
All publications associated with this grant program can be found in the progress reports. A total of 42 publications were listed.
|
Progress 09/01/16 to 08/31/17
Outputs
Target Audience:The grant was designed to target Hispanic junior/senior level B.S. and M.S. animal science majors through engagement activities and exposure to research through experiential learning. The goal is to increase the diversity of the nation's workforce by placing well trained graduates into animal science careers upon graduation with a B.S., M.S, or Ph.D. During the 2016-2017 reporting period, 7 B.S. and 9 M.S. students (92% Hispanic Americans; 62% First Generation College Student) in the Animal Science programs at TAMUK and NMSU were the target audience. Data presented in this report pertain to their activities during the 2016-2017 academic year. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?As previously indicated, training future professionals for careers in animal science is a goal of this project and initial assessment results indicate success through opportunities. A majority of respondents reported being involved in an internship or job shadowing experiences (69%) and all students (100%) reported their experienced was valuable in providing them a realistic view of the profession. Also, a majority of the students (69%) are currently engaged in research opportunities and all of those (100%) have lead research presentations of either poster, abstracts or research presentations, all of which are forms of training and professional development. In addition to attending research conferences, students responded that these experiences are opportunities for personal growth (100%), networking (89%), career planning (89%) and gaining presentation experiences (78%). These values are again increases in quantifiable outcomes and are professional development value metrics that are derivatives of this project and offer insight to program success. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?The goal of creating Hispanic leaders in animal science can also be measured by the participant's engagement outside of this project and into involvement in communities. The majority of the students (69%) reported involvement in community activities related to this project. In this annual contract term, students reported ranges of 11 to 40 hours of community activities related to this project. Students reported these experiences to be valuable to them in gaining leadership experiences, helping others and encouraging students to become more involved in the agricultural industry. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?This progress report captures data collected during year four of the four year LEADERS program. Residual funds will be spent to complete remaining research projects and financially support those students while completing their projects during the No Cost Extension period. The final report will then be compiled and submitted to USDA. Information gained through this project will be disseminated to target audiences as well as be used to refine the newly funded 'Advancing LEADERS 2 the Doctorate' program. This assessment process also included reported challenges, which were reported by 54% of the students and offer additional areas for improvement. Financial challenges were the largest reported area (23%), but is down from previous assessments. Another area of challenges is housing (15%) and classes (15%), but again is lower than previous assessments. Overall, the noted challenges are down and are likely the result of applying program improvement strategies to help address areas previously noted as challenges.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
These results represent the assessment values for the 2016-17 academic year students. 87% of students provided feedback/data that is included in this report. Across all program years to date, grade point average (GPA) has increased among the student population. In the Fall 2016 period, 23% of the student reported their GPA in the 2.5 to 2.99 GPA range and 77% reported a 3.0 to 3.99 range. In the Spring 2017 semester, the students in this study declined to 9% in the 2.5 to 2.99 GPA range, increased to 82% in 3.0 to 3.99 range and 9% with a perfect 4.0 GPA. This result identifies a successful benchmark of the program, which is an increase in academic success. Studentsreported their academic major as animal science (100%), with3 of those students adding a chemistry minor. This assessment report represents students with one-year (38%), two-year (54%) and three-years (8%) of experience in this program from both New Mexico State University (31%) and Texas A&M University-Kingsville (69%). In terms of gender, this program evaluation illustrated an increase in male versus female students (46% female to 54% male). A majority of the students are first generation college students (62%), which is an increase in students reporting in this area. In terms of preparation, students reported agree to strongly agree that they were prepared, encouraged and personally interested in agriculturally related degree programs and or careers within USDA. A primary goal of the project is to increase learning opportunities that transcend the classroom. This reporting period found 69% of students either published or are working on a research article. Students reported research projects in animal science that ranged in focus, such as "The effects of monensin and protein on intake, digestion and ruminal fermentation parameters in cattle consuming low quality forage", "Effects of fishmeal supplementation on forage intake and metabolizable protein of beef cows grazing winter wheat pasture," "Mammalian hormones associated with stress impact microbial fermentation of rumen fluid in vitro," 'Innate immune response, diet digestibility, and ruminal fermentation patterns of calves supplemented with crude glycerin via drinking water during endotoxin challenge,' 'Blood oximetry responses of glycerin-supplemented and immune-challenged calves,' 'Spatial and temporal identification of leptin and Ob-Rb in the developing porcine corpus luteum,' 'Effect of level of dietary sulfur on in vitro true digestibility of a commercial ration fed to Dorper wethers,' 'Alternative smoke flavor addition to beef sausages: Cold smoked fat,' 'Correlation of gamma-glutamyl transferase to carcass characteristics in cross-bred feedlot steers,' Reproductive management of hair sheep in south Texas: Methods to overcome summer fertility depression in Dorper ewes,' and 'Effect of Hot Iron Branding on Behavior and serum Cortisol Dynamics in Young Senepol Cattle.' An additional goal was to increase underrepresented populations representation in animal science degree programs, which offers the potential to achieve long-term increases in Hispanic leaders in the field of animal science. This year's annual assessment follows the results from previous years, in which all the students (100%) are animal science majors. In terms of underrepresented populations, 92% of the students are Hispanicand 85% percent are bilingual. For those who are bilingual, 100% speak Spanish and are completely fluent in English. All goals and objectives can also be measured in student's perceived satisfaction of this program and support from their corresponding university. A large majority of the students (92%) reported they feel that the faculty have prepared them for graduate or post-graduate programs, all the students (100%) report their college is well known for programs of study related to USDA jobs and all students (100%) would recommend this program to other students. All students (100%) reported they are satisfied with the quality of instruction and faculty mentoring. Also, all students (100%) feel they are prepared for careers in agriculture, nutrition and natural resources and feel they are prepared to obtain an advanced degree. Students also report support areas that assist them in being successful. Some key areas include academic support (100%), research partnership opportunities with faculty (92%), tutoring services (77%), hands-on learning experiences (92%) and peer mentoring (92%).
Publications
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Carey, R. E., K. L. Samuelson, E. R. Oosthuysen, F. A. Lopez*, S. L. Pillmore, L. T. Klump, N. C. Burdick Sanchez, J. A. Carroll, J. A. Hernandez Gifford, and C. A. L�est. 2017. Glycerin supplementation via drinking water alters nitrogen balance and immune response of beef steers during an endotoxin challenge. Proc. West. Sec. Am. Soc. Anim. Sci. 68:70-75.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Carey, R. E., K. L. Samuelson, E. R. Oosthuysen, F. A. Lopez*, S. L. Pillmore, L. T. Klump, J. M. Brooks*, N. C. Burdick Sanchez, J. A. Carroll, and C. A. L�est. 2017. Innate immune response, diet digestibility, and ruminal fermentation patterns of calves supplemented with crude glycerin via drinking water during endotoxin challenge. Proc. Plains Nutr. Council Conf. pp. 82-83.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Garza, V.*, K. C. McCuistion, G. Faz, C. L. Lara*, J. J. Martinez*, L. P. Sastre*, and N. L. Bell. 2017. 699 Effect of dietary sulfur on in vitro true digestibility of various feedstuffs. J. Anim. Sci. 95(Suppl4):341-341.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Garza, V.*, K. C. McCuistion, G. Faz, C. L. Lara*, J. J. Martinez*, L. P. Sastre*, and N. L. Bell. 2017. 088 Effect of level of dietary sulfur on in vitro true digestibility of a commercial ration fed to Dorper wethers. J. Anim. Sci. 95(Suppl4):44-44.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Lopez, F. A.*, K. L. Samuelson, R. E. Carey, S. L. Pillmore, J. M. Brooks*, L. T. Klump, E. R. Oosthuysen, and C. A. L�est. 2017. Supplemental glycerin alters rumen fermentation and in situ degradation in steers exposed to an endotoxin. Proc. West. Sec. Am. Soc. Anim. Sci. 68:310-315.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Martinez, J. J.*, C. A. Loest, K. C. McCuistion, N. L. Bell, L. P. Sastre*, and J. I. Solis*. 2017. 367 Effect of monensin and protein supplementation on intake and ruminal fermentation parameters in cattle consuming low-quality forage. J. Anim. Sci. 95(Suppl2):178-178.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Pillmore, S. L., R. E. Carey, K. L. Samuelson, L. T. Klump, F. A. Lopez*, and C. A. L�est. 2017. Supplementation of crude glycerin via drinking water alters feed intake of sheep. Proc. West. Sec. Am. Soc. Anim. Sci. 68:324.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Rodela, J. A.*, C. A. Hebbert, and S. A. Soto-Navarro. 2017. Effects of fish meal supplementation on forage intake and metabolizable protein of beef cows grazing winter wheat pasture. Proc. West. Sec. Am. Soc. Anim. Sci. 68:235-238.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Solis, J. I.*, J. L. Foster, C. A. Loest, J. J. Martinez*, L. P. Sastre*, and N. L. Bell. 2017. 125 Effect of monensin and protein supplementation on in situ degradability of low-quality forage fed to cattle.. J. Anim. Sci. 95(Suppl4):62-62.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Martinez, J. J.*, K. C. McCuistion, C. A. Loest, L. P. Sastre*, J. I. Solis*, M. A. Fonseca, and N. L. Bell. 2017. 878 Effect of monensin and protein on digestion and ruminal fermentation parameters in cattle consuming low-quality forage. J. Anim. Sci. 95(Suppl4):376-377.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Oosthuysen, E. R., M. E. Hubbert, R. E. Carey, K. L. Samuelson, F. A. Lopez*, L. T. Klump, S. L. Pillmore, and C. A. L�est. 2017. Blood oximetry responses of glycerin-supplemented and immune-challenged calves. Proc. West. Sec. Am. Soc. Anim. Sci. 68:230-234.
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Progress 09/01/15 to 08/31/16
Outputs
Target Audience:The grant was designed to target Hispanic junior/senior level B.S. and M.S. animal science majors through engagement activities and exposure to research through experiential learning. The goal is to increase the diversity of the nation's workforce by placing well trained graduates into animal science careers upon graduation with a B.S., M.S, or Ph.D. During the 2015-2016 reporting period, 10 B.S. and 7 M.S. students (100% Hispanic Americans) in the Animal Science programs at TAMUK and NMSU were the target audience. Data presented in this report pertain to their activities during the 2015-2016 academic year. NOTE: Prior graduates of the LEADERS program from TAMUK and NMSU have decided to pursue additional degrees. For the 2015-2016 reporting period, two students are pursuing a D.V.M., two students are pursuing a Ph.D., and five students are pursuing a M.S. that were previously funded by the LEADERS program. These students are attending the following universities: Cornell University, Oklahoma State University, Ross University, Texas A&M University, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, and New Mexico State University. Funding support for this project is increasing Hispanic student awareness of career opportunities that can be found in the field of animal science and is encouraging students to pursue advanced degrees (M.S., Ph.D., and D.S.M.) in order to rise as leaders within the field of animal science. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?As previously indicated, training future professionals for careers in animal science is a goal of this project and initial assessment results indicate success through opportunities. A majority of the project participants (93%) are currently engaged in research opportunities and nearly all of those (100%) have lead research presentations of either poster, abstracts or research presentations, which are all forms of training and professional development, both of which are increases from previous assessments. In addition to research, parallel benefits are also that students are learning about publishing opportunities (87%), hands-on learning opportunities (93%), partnering in research opportunities (93%) and career counseling (85%). These values are again increases in quantifiable outcomes and are professional development opportunities that are derivatives of this project and offer insight to program success. During this reporting period, we were also able to implement our 'University Exchange Program'. In previous years, we have sent students to each campus for a visit; however, this year, we sent three TAMUK students to NMSU to conduct research for the entire summer (May to August 2016). This was a great experience for students and faculty from both campuses as we were able to collaborate on common research interests while exposing students to a new region/university/culture. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?The goal of creating Hispanic leaders in animal science can be also measured by the participant's engagement outside of this project and their involvement in growing communities. The majority of the students (67%) reported being involved in peer mentoring, which supports indirect benefits by encouraging other students. A large portion of the students (73%) reported they have been able to get involved to help their community and all feel their degree will prepare them for post-graduate work and career success (100%), which all offer opportunities to build success and continue to be community leaders. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Students demonstrated success in the areas of research participation, engagement in career development, faculty collaboration and community engagement. In terms of rating their experience in this project, the majority of the students are reporting that they are obtaining the resources to succeed (93%), which is an increase from previous years. Also, a large percent of students feel they have a clear path to graduation (93%) and all the students (100%) feel like they know where to go to seek advice for their degree plan. These are illustrations of program success and are increases from previous years of the LEADERS program. Efforts to continue to support students and maintain program focus are essential to continue to generate success. This assessment process does include reported challenges, which were reported by 60% of the students, and offer areas for improvement. Financial issues were the largest reported challenge (40%), housing (20%) with other areas (6% to 7% each) in class schedules, finding their way around the university and counseling.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
These results represent the assessment values for the 2015-16 academic year (n=15). Across all program years to date, grade point average (GPA) has increased among the student population. In the 2013 period, 73% of the student reported their GPA in the 3.0 to 3.99 range. In the 2015 to 2016, 97% of the students reported their GPA in the 3.0 to 3.99 range with 100% of the students reporting this range and above in the Spring semester of 2016. This result identifies a successful benchmark of the program, which is an increase in academic success. Students also remain reporting their academic major as animal science (100%). This assessment report represents students with one-year (60%), two-year (33%) and three-years (7%) of experience in this program from both New Mexico State University (40%) and Texas A&M University-Kingsville (60%). In terms of gender, female students represented the majority of the program (60% female to 40% male). A slight majority of the students are first generation college students (53%). In terms of preparation, all the students reported agree to strongly agree that they were prepared, encouraged and personally interested in agriculturally related degree programs and or careers within USDA. A primary goal of the project is to increase learning opportunities that transcend the classroom. This reporting year found 93% of students either published or are working on a research article which is an increase from previous assessments. Students reported research projects that range in focus, such as "Reverse osmosis concentrate management through halophyte farming", "Bioavailability of a novel ruminal protected leucine product in sheep", "Trace mineral supplementation for receiving feedlot calves", and "Leptin affects the structural and vascular development of the corpus luteum". An additional goal was to increase underrepresented populations representation in animal science degrees, which offers the potential to achieve long-term increases in Hispanic leaders in the field of animal science. This year's annual assessment follows the results from previous years, in which all students are animal science majors, but students are reporting increases in academic minors and greater involvement in research activities. In terms of underrepresented populations, 100% of the students are Hispanic, 100% percent are bilingual, which is an increase in previous years, and 100% are also completely fluent in English. All goals and objectives can also be measured in student's perceived satisfaction of this program and support from their corresponding university. All of the students (100%) reported they feel that the faculty have prepared them for a career in agriculture, nutrition and natural resources, would recommend this program to other students, and the college they attend is taking proactive steps to recruit additional Hispanic students into the program. Students reported they are satisfied with the quality of instruction and faculty mentoring (100%), which is an increase from the previous assessment years. Also, students feel they are prepared for careers in agriculture, nutrition and natural resources (100%) and feel they are prepared to obtain an advanced degree, which is also an increase from previous assessments.
Publications
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Castro, J. G., J. B. Alford, K. E. Quinn, F. A. Lopez, S. L. Pillmore, E. J. Scholljegerdes, and C. A. L�est. 2016. Bioavailability of supplemental ruminally-protected leucine in sheep. Proc. West. Sec. Am. Soc. Anim. Sci. 67:101-105.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Alford, J. B., J. G. Castro, E. R. Oosthuysen, S. L. Rosasco, R. D. Richins, E. J. Scholljegerdes, D. M. Hallford, and C. A. L�est. 2016. Effects of capsaicin source on blood capsaicin, glucose and insulin concentrations, rumen fermentation and nitrogen balance of sheep. Proc. West. Sec. Am. Soc. Anim. Sci. 67:171-175.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Rath, L. L., K. L. Samuelson, A. L. Salazar, F. A. Lopez, E. J. Scholljegerdes, and C. A. L�est. 2016. Mammalian hormones associated with stress impact microbial fermentation of rumen fluid in vitro. Proc. West. Sec. Am. Soc. Anim. Sci. 67:190-193.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
McCuistion, K., R. Stanko, and C. Loest. 2016. The LEADERS Program: Encouraging Hispanic students to pursue advanced degrees in Animal Science. NACTA Journal. 60 (Suppl 1): 115.
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Progress 09/01/14 to 08/31/15
Outputs
Target Audience:The grant was designed to target Hispanic junior/senior level B.S. and M.S. animal science majors through engagement activities and exposure to research through experiential learning. The goal is to increase the diversity of the nation's workforce by placing well trained graduates into animal science careers upon graduation with a B.S., M.S, or Ph.D. During the 2014-2015 reporting period, 10 B.S. and 8 M.S. students (100% Hispanic Americans) in the Animal Science programs at TAMUK and NMSU were the target audience. Funding support for this project will increase Hispanic student awareness of career opportunities that can be found in the field of animal science and encourage students to pursue advanced degrees (M.S. and Ph.D.) in order to rise as leaders within the field of animal science. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?As previously indicated, training future professionals for careers in animal science is a goal of this project and initial assessment results indicate success through opportunities. A majority of the project participants (83%) are currently engaged in research opportunities and nearly all of those (80%) have presented that research. In addition, 42 percent have written a research paper. All of these activities are forms of training and professional development. In addition to research, parallel benefits student report obtaining are learning about publishing opportunities (89%), hands-on learning opportunities (89%), partnering in research opportunities (85%) and career counseling (80%). These opportunities are professional development opportunities that are derivatives of this project and offer insight to program success. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?The goal of creating Hispanic leaders in animal science can be also measured by the participant's engagement outside of this project and their involvement in growing communities. A large portion of the students (75%) reported involved in peer mentoring, which supports indirect benefits by supporting other students. A large portion of the students (77%) reported they have been able to get involved to help their community and feel their degree will prepare them for post-graduate work and career success (91%). These results suggest that the students involved in the LEADERS program are not only disseminating their research results through professional outlets, they are also reaching out to their community and preparing themselves to remain active in their discipline after graduation. Initial results from this project were also reported at the NACTA 2015 meetings held in Athens, GA. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?This is the second year assessment of cohort one, with a new group of students beginning the program summer/fall 2015. Cohort one students, which are the focus of this assessment report, illustrated success in the areas of research participation, engagement in career development, faculty collaboration and community engagement. In terms of rating their experience in this project, the majority feel they are obtaining resources to succeed (91%), have a clear path to graduation (89%) and feel like the belong to the university (83%). These are illustrations of program success, but may offer opportunities to ensure 100% confidence in each area by expanding degree planning and social opportunities within the program. This assessment process also includes reported challenges, which were reported by less than half of the students, but could offer areas for improvement. Financial issues was the largest reported challenge (46%), but most reported the program did assist them financially they just had remaining finance issues that were beyond the scope of the program. One notable area to improve is information about internships, which 23 percent of students reported as a challenge. However, a large percent of student (75%) did participate in internships, but does offer opportunity for growth and increasing career planning for students.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
These results represent the assessment values for the 2014-15 academic year, with some results representing student engagement from the first project year to this reporting date (n=13). During the 2014-2015 reporting period, 10 B.S. and 8 M.S. students (100% Hispanic Americans) in the Animal Science programs at TAMUK and NMSU were the target audience. Four of these students, 1 B.S. and 1 M.S. at each institution, joined the project as part of the second cohort and thus, were not included in the survey information gathered and presented for this reporting period. These students had not been involved with the project long enough to accurately assess it. Across all program years to date, students reported an average grade point of 3.30 with the majority of the students (88%) reporting a 3.0 to 3.99 grade point average. Across all academic years, there was a slight increase (1.32%) in students reporting their GPA residing in the 3.0 to 3.99 range. The initial assessment illustrated more undergraduate students (64%), but this report illustrates students advancing to 40 percent undergraduate and 60 percent graduate student classification. The second cohort of students to be involved with the LEADERS program will have more M.S. than B.S. students. Students remain reporting their academic major as animal science with 29 percent reporting academic minors, which included chemistry and equine science. In this academic period (2014-15), 54 percent of students reported they completed their program with the remaining students still in progress. This assessment report represents students with one-year (39%), two-year (39%) and three-years (22%) of experience in this program from both New Mexico State University (54%) and Texas A&M University-Kingsville (46%). In terms of gender, female students represented the majority of the program (69% female to 31% male). In terms of preparation, all the students reported agree to strongly agree that they were prepared, encouraged and personally interested in agriculturally related degree programs and or careers within USDA. A primary goal of the project is to (1) increase learning opportunities that transcend the classroom. This reporting year found 83 percent of students were involved in academic conferences, which is an increase from the initial assessment report. Concentration of engagement has also increased with 50 percent of the students participating in more than one research conference. The majority of the students (79%) are seeking an internship or job shadowing program, which is also an increase from the initial assessment report. These results are promising in developing a program that provides and encourages opportunities outside of academic learning. An additional goal was to increase underrepresented populations representation in animal degrees, which offers the potential to achieve a long-term goal of increasing the number of Hispanic leaders in the field of animal science. This year's annual assessment follows the results from previous years, in which all students are animal science majors, but students are reporting increases in academic minors and greater involvement in research activities. In terms of underrepresented populations, 100 percent of the students are Hispanic, 85 percent are bilingual, 100 percent are also completely fluent in English, and 69 percent are first generation college students. Reported demographics provide insight that these students represent Hispanic and first generation college students, which when moving into careers in animal science, offer to improve leadership in the animal science industry. All goals and objectives can also be measured in student's perceived satisfaction of this program and support from their corresponding university. Students reported they are satisfied with the quality of instruction and faculty mentoring (92%), feel they are prepared for careers in agriculture, nutrition and natural resources (93%) and they focus on diversity and multicultural educational experiences (89%).
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Submitted
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Salazar*, M., A. Lerma-Ortiz, G. M. Hooks, A. K. Ashley, and R. L. Ashley. 2016. Progestin-mediated activation of MAPK and AKT in nuclear progesterone receptor negative breast epithelial cells: the role of membrane progesterone receptors. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Coleson, M.P.T., N.S. Sanchez*, A.K. Ashley, T.T. Ross, and R.L. Ashley. 2015. Human chorionic gonadotropin increases serum progesterone, number of corpora lutea, and angiogenic factors in pregnant sheep. Reproduction. 150:43-52.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Garcia*, M. E., E. R. Oosthuysen, M. E. Hubbert, M. E. Branine, C. K. Larson, C. A. L�est, and E. J. Scholljegerdes. 2015. Assessment of supplemental trace mineral level and source on liver and serum mineral concentrations after feeding cattle a diet deficient in trace minerals. Proc. West. Sec. Am. Soc. Anim. Sci. 66:235-239.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Morgan, T. D., A. L. Salazar, F. R. Melgar*, E. J. Scholljegerdes, C. A. L?est, L. M. White, K. Marchetti, S. A. Soto-Navarro, K. N. Winsco, and S. L. Ivey. 2015. Comparison of titanium dioxide vs. chromic oxide as an external marker to estimate fecal output in horses. Proc. West. Sec. Am. Soc. Anim. Sci. 66:85-87.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
McCuistion*, K.C. and C. Loest*. 2015. The LEADERS Program: Experiential learning opportunities for Histpanic students in Animal Science. North American Colleges and Teachers of Agriculture. 59 (Suppl 1):055.
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Progress 09/01/13 to 08/31/14
Outputs
Target Audience: The grant was designed to target Hispanic junior/senior level B.S. and M.S. animal science majors through engagement activities and exposure to research through experiential learning. The goal is to increase the diversity of the nation’s workforce by placing well trained graduates into animal science careers upon graduation with a B.S., M.S, or Ph.D. During the 2013-2014 reporting period, 7 B.S. and 4 M.S. students (100% Hispanic Americans) in the Animal Science programs at Texas A&M University-Kingsville and New Mexico State University were the target audience. Funding support for this project will increase Hispanic student awareness of career opportunities that can be found in the field of animal science and encourage students to pursue advanced degrees (M.S. and Ph.D.) in order to rise as leaders within the field of animal science. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? As previously indicated, training future professionals for careers in animal science is a goal of this project and initial assessment results indicate success through opportunities. A majority of the project participants (70%) are currently engaged in research opportunities and nearly all of those (80%) have lead research presentations of either poster, abstracts or research presentations, which are all forms of training and professional development. An additional professional development experience is internships, which a majority of the participants (70%) report involvement in. These professional development opportunities directly related to this project and offer a positive assessment result. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? The goal of creating Hispanic leaders in animal science can be also measured by the participant’s engagement outside of this project. A majority of the students (90%) reported they have been able to get involved to help their community or profession with their research, are planning to publish their results (70%), educational industry or agency tours (90%), and plan on mentoring other students to pursue degrees in this area (90%). Nine of the 11 student LEADERS presented at professional meetings by the end of summer 2013. LEADERS presented a total of 7 peer reviewed abstracts and 8 non-peer reviewed abstracts on their research findings. Students involved with the grant are expected to present their results; thus, as the grant progresses, additional presentation opportunities will be made available so results of the research can be disseminated to communities of interest. Many students are also co-authors on publications and presentations due to their involvement with projects other than their personal research projects. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Plans for this second year are to expand student involvement in research and professional development opportunities that relate to animal science and the goals of this project. An additional plan is to improve upon areas that increase the likelihood of student success such as financial aid and support, mentoring opportunities for themselves and to connect with other students and develop additional research opportunities. The current cohort of LEADERS participants will be the same for Year 2 however we plan to add additional students as funding allows. A new cohort of students will be recruited for Year 3 through 4 of the grant. We anticipate that current students will graduate by the end of their second year in the program.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
A total of 11 students (100% Hispanic Americans) are currently involved with the project 4 B.S. and 2 M.S. at TAMUK and 3 B.S. and 2 M.S. at NMSU. All students are animal science majors and working on various research topics within their field. An initial pre-project survey was completed to gather baseline data to measure progress of the students as they move through the program. Student’s reported above average levels of interest in obtaining an advanced degree, career advising from college faculty, and perception that they can achieve career opportunities in agriculture and confident in their personal ability to address global food issues (n=10). A primary goal of the project is to (1) increase learning opportunities that transcend the classroom. The initial year’s annual assessment found that 70 percent of the students have been engaged in some type of peer and non-peer reviewed research and 80 percent developed a research paper or poster presentation. A large portion of the student feel that they now know what courses align to their career interest (60%), aware of USDA internships or job shadowing opportunities (60%), and those students interested have acquired internships (70%), with the majority of the students receiving a paid job experience (80%). Considering this initial project year report, these results are promising in developing a program that provides and encourages opportunities outside of academic learning. An additional goal was to increase underrepresented populations representation in animal science degrees, which offers the potential to achieve a long-term goal of increasing Hispanic leaders in the field of animal science. The initial year’s annual assessment found that all students are animal science majors, but have seldom been involved in research projects or research conferences, which offers an opportunity to expand their interest in animal science through exploratory learning opportunities. Considering the majority of the students now report engagement in research project offers a direct improvement in this area. Demographic survey results found that 100 percent of the students are Hispanic, 90 percent are bilingual, 100 percent are also completely fluent in English, and 60 percent are first generation college students. Reported demographics provide insight that these students represent Hispanic and first generation college students. Support provided through this grant program has the potential to increase enrich their educational career and improve Hispanic leadership in the animal science industry. An overall goal for students involved in this program is to be successful, which can be measured by participants who perceived support from university faculty related to this project. The majority of respondents reported that academic support from their course requirements (100%), partnering with faculty in research projects (100%), mentoring (100%), tutoring (90%) and USDA visitations (60%). These initial year assessments create a positive outlook on training Hispanic leaders to be engaged in leadership position in animal science.
Publications
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Calderon, A, RA Flores*, AA Arellano*, L Ayala, V. Garza*, RL Stanko, MR Garcia. 2014. Regulation of leptin in early lutea development. Society for the Study of Reproduction, Abstract 213. (Presented in Grand Rapids, Michigan)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Coronado*, A., K.C. McCuistion, J.L. Foster, G. Schuster, and Z. Lopez. 2014. In situ degradation characteristics of sorghum silage treated with fibrolytic enzymes. J. Anim. Sci. Suppl. 1086. (Presentation in Kansas City, MO)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Flores*, RA, A Calderon, L Ayala, F Xie, AA Arellano*, M Ramirez, E Taylor, KC McCuistion, RL Stanko, MR Garcia. 2014. Adiponectin regulates angiogenic factors in the developing corpus luteum. Society for the Study of Reproduction, Abstract 214. (Presented in Grand Rapids, Michigan)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Melgar*, F. R., A. L. Salazar, L. R. Owensby, S. L. Ivey, and L. M. White. 2014. Comparable digestibility of alfalfa hay by senior and mature horses. . J. Anim. Sci. 97(Supl. 2): (Abstr.). WINNING POSTER PRESENTATION at the Western Section of the American Society of Animal Science Undergraduate Poster Competition. San Angelo, TX June 2014.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Ayala, L, AA Arellano*, RA Flores*, A Calderon, EC Taylor, RL Stanko, MR Garcia. 2014. Age and leptin influence estrogen nuclear receptor isoforms in the choroid plexus of developing gilts. Society for the Study of Reproduction, Abstract 223. (Presented in Grand Rapids, Michigan)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Rodriguez*, N. M., C. M. Buck, F. R. Melgar*, L. H. Schmitz, A. L. Salazar, K. H. Marchetti, S. L. Lodge-Ivey, M. P. T. Coleson, C. B. Gardner, J. R. Graves, and E. J. Scholljegerdes. 2014. Effect of inclusion of microalgae Scenedesmus on fatty acid digestion in beef heifers consuming a forage-based diet. J. Anim. Sci. 97(Supl. 2): (Abstr.). (Presented in San Angelo, TX at the Western Section of the American Society of Animal Science meeting.)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Trevino, T.D., G. Vela*, and T.J. Machado. 2014. Cooking loss, cooking time, patty shrink and color of Nilgai Antelope patties with beef or pork fat inclusion. 67th Annual Reciprocal Meat Conference. (Presented in Madison, Wisconsin)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Ayala, L, AA Arellano*, A Calderon, RA Flores*, EC Taylor, RL Stanko. MR Garcia. 2013. Estrogen receptor
alpha and beta expression in the choroid plexus changes as puberty approaches. 2013 Fall Javelina Research Symposium. Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, TX. 2ND PLACE IN THE POSTER PRESENTATION.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Coronado*, A., K.C. McCuistion, G. Schuster, J. Foster, and Z. Lopez. 2013. Inoculant treatment to enhance forage sorghum digestibility. Pathways Research Symposium, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, TX.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Flores*, RA, A Calderon, L Ayala, F Xie, AA Arellano*, M Ramirez, EC Taylor, RL Stanko, MR Garcia. 2013.
Characterizing proangiogenic factors in early corpus luteal development in the porcine. 2013 Fall Javelina Research Symposium. Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, TX.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Garcia*, M. E., E. Oosthuysen, J. R. Graves, M. E. Hubbert, M. E. Branine, C. A. L�est, and E. J. Scholljegerdes. 2014. The effect of mineral source and level on growth performance of newly-received feedlot cattle. Plains Nutrition Conf. San Antonio, April 2014. p. 149. (Presented in San Antonio, TX)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Garza*, V, RA Flores*, A Calderon, L Ayala, F Xie, AA Arellano*, KC McCuistion, MR Garcia. Effect of plant Tannins on porcine adipocytes during the reproductive cycle. 2014. Spring Javelina Research Symposia. Texas A&M University-Kingsville, Kingsville, TX. 2nd PLACE UNDERGRADUATE POSTER PRESENTATION.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Oosthuysen, E. R., M.E. Hubbert, M. Garcia*, M.R. Garner, and C.A. L�est. 2014. Novel nasal and intestinal inoculants for feedlot receiving calves. Plains Nutrition Conf. San Antonio, April 2014. p. 159.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Vela*, G., and T.J. Machado. 2014. Effect of beef and pork fat inclusion on color of raw and cooked Nilgai Antelope patties. 68th Annual Meeting of the Subtropical Agriculture and Environments Society, Weslaco, TX.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Alford, J. B., B. L. Slayton-Magitman, S. Gutierrez*, J. G. Castro*, F. A. Allataifeh, and C. A. L�est. 2014. Capsaicin influences rumen microbial fermentation and gas production in vitro. Proc. West. Sec. Am. Soc. Anim. Sci. 65:211-214.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Buck, C. M., N. M. Rodriguez*, F. R. Melgar*, L. H. Schmitz, A. L. Salazar, K. H. Marchetti, B. E. Bonfantini, S. L. Lodge-Ivey, M. P. T. Coleson, C. B. Gardner, J. R. Graves, and E. J. Scholljegerdes. 2014. Effects of ad libitum supplement containing increasing levels of microalgae, Scenedesmus sp., on site and extent of digestion in beef heifers consuming a forage-based diet. Proc. West. Sec. Am. Soc. Anim. Sci. 65:74-78.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Garcia, M. E.*, E. Oosthuysen, J. R. Graves, M. E. Hubbert, M. E. Branine, C. A. L�est, and E. J. Scholljegerdes. 2014. Effects of level and source of supplemental trace minerals on growth responses of beef calves received from New Mexico Ranches. Proc. West. Sec. Am. Soc. Anim. Sci. 65:91-94. (Presented in San Angelo, TX)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Morgan, T. D., A. L. Salazar, E. J. Scholljegerdes, C. A. L?est, L. M. White, F. R. Melgar*, and S. L. Ivey. 2014. Evaluation of titanium dioxide as a digestibility marker for horses. Proc. West. Sec. Am. Soc. Anim. Sci. 65:64-66.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Oosthuysen, E. R., M. E. Hubbert, M. Garcia*, M. R. Garner, and C. A. Loest. 2014. Evaluation of novel nasal and intestinal inoculants for feedlot receiving calves. Proc. West. Sec. Am. Soc. Anim. Sci. 65:150-153.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Samuelson, K. L., C. Ikard, J. B. Alford, J. G. Castro*, S. Gutierrez*, F. A. Allataifeh, B. L. Slayton-Magitman, N. C. Burdick Sanchez, J. A. Carroll, A. K. Ashley, E. J. Scholljegerdes, D. M. Hallford, and C. A. L�est. 2014. Capsaicin supplementation does not reduce lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in growing beef steers. Proc. West. Sec. Am. Soc. Anim. Sci. 65:230-234.
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