MANAGING PLANT MICROBE INTERACTIONS IN SOIL TO PROMOTE SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE

• Sponsoring Institution: National Institute of Food and Agriculture
• Project Status: COMPLETE
• Funding Source: HATCH
• Reporting Frequency: Annual
• Accession No.: 1000405
• Multistate No.: W-3147
• Project Start Date: Oct 1, 2013
• Project End Date: Oct 14, 2015
• Program Code: [(N/A)]- (N/A)

Recipient Organization
MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY
(N/A)
BOZEMAN,MT 59717

Performing Department
Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology

Non Technical Summary
Bacillus mycoides isolate J and Bacillus mojaviensis isolate 203-7 induce plant resistance by two different mechanisms. Both isolates are being commercialized and have proven to provide control of fungal, bacterial and viral diseases on several different plant types including whear, potato, tomato,sugarbeet, cucumbers, melons, pecans, bannana, geranium and arabidopsis. Several more diseases need to be studied including silver scurf, black dot root rot and Fusarium dry rot of potato and Penicillium rot of sugarbeets. At this time it is unknown what effect inducedresistance has on common plant colonists or on aplied biological control agents. This will be a focus of studies along with disease control on wheat, potato, and sugarbeet.

Animal Health Component

25%

Research Effort Categories

Basic

25%

Applied

25%

Developmental

50%

Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)	Subject of Investigation (SOI)	Field of Science (FOS)	Percent
215	1310	1170	50%
215	2010	1170	50%

Knowledge Area
215 - Biological Control of Pests Affecting Plants;

Subject Of Investigation
1310 - Potato; 2010 - Sugar beet;

Field Of Science
1170 - Epidemiology;

Keywords

potato

wheat

sugarbeet

induced resistance

bacillus

disease control

ecology

Goals / Objectives
To identify and characterize new biological agents, microbial community structure and function, naturally suppressive soils, cultural practices, and organic amendments that provide management of diseases caused by soilborne plant pathogens. To understand how microbial populations and microbial gene expression are regulated by the biological (plants and microbes) and physical environment and how they influence disease. Implement sustainable management strategies for soilborne pathogens that are biologically based and are compatible with soil health management practices. Provide outreach, education, extension and technology transfer to our clients and stakeholders- growers, biocontrol industry, graduate and undergraduate students, K-12 students and other scientists.

Project Methods
Field and laboratory trials with Bacillus mycoides isolate J and Bacillus mojaviensis isolate 203-7 will be used in study of potato, sugarbeet and wheat disease management. Both in-field and post harvest disease situations will be studied. Effects of NPR 1 and jasmonic acid signalled induced reistance will be used to study rhizospher and phyllosphere colonizing Pseudomonas and Panotea spQ PCR will be used to monitor pathogen and epiphyte populations.

Progress 10/01/13 to 10/14/15

Outputs
Target Audience:Researchers and others interested is soilborne diseases and their control. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Yes presentations at American Phytopathological Society meetings in 2013, 2014 and International Crop protection Conference in 2015 What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? 1. Bacillus mycoides isolate J (BmJ)was demonstrated in 6 field trials ( Montana 4 sites and Idaho 2 sites) to control Sclerotinia white mold of potato statistically equal to best fungicide controls. Twelve soils from eastern MT were characterized for suppresivenes to Rhizoctonia solani AG 2-2. Two soils one sugarbeet and on safflower showed suppresiveness equal to soil pasteurization. Soil microbes as being characterized for these soils compared to no suppressive soils using DGGE and pyrosequencing. 2. Induced resistance (BmJ) was demonstrated to reduce disease severity and Fusarium graminearum popluations in Fusarium crown rot of wheat. 3. Integration of disease reistance, seed treatment (difenoconzaole) and induced resistance was shown to provide optimal reductions in disease severity and Fusaium infection of spring wheat. 4. Presentations were made at Pacific Division American Phyophthological Society meeting and at International Crop Protection Conference

Publications

• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Webb, K.M, T. Brenner and B. Jacobsen. 2015. Temperature effects on the interaction of sugarbeet with Fusarium Yellows caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. betae. Canadaian Journal Of plant pathology 37: 353-362.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2015 Citation: Moya-Elizondo, E. and B.J. Jacobsen. 2015. Itegrated management of Fusarium crown rot of wheat using fungicide seed treatment, cultivar resistance, and induction of systemic acquired resistance (SAR). Biological Control: in press

Progress 10/01/13 to 09/30/14

Outputs
Target Audience: Producers of agricultural commodities, commercial companies that produce and sell biological control products, colleagues in the land grant university system ( Research and Extension) Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Nothing Reported What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Publish journal paper and present information to grower and sugarbeet processing community

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Objective 3. Research focused on four diseases: Rhizoctonia root and Crown rot of sugar beets, Rhizoctonia root and stem canker of potato, Sclerotinia white mold of potato and Penicilium storage decay of sugar beets. Application of Bacillus mycoides isolate J (BmJ)at e 6 as a braodcast spray 7 days befor harvest provided 87% control of inoculated Penicillium clavariae for 14-21 days after harvest. The mechanism was induced resistance and control with BmJ was similar to that acheived with Actigard

Publications

• Type: Journal Articles Status: Submitted Year Published: 2014 Citation: Webb, K.M., T.Brenner and B.J. Jacobsen, 2014. Temperature effects on the interactions of sugar beet Fusarium yellows caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. betae . Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology