Source: UNIV OF MINNESOTA submitted to NRP
DEVELOPING AND EVALUATING FOREST MANAGEMENT APPROACHES FOR ADDRESSING TODAYS KEY FORESTRY CHALLENGES IN THE LAKE STATES
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
COMPLETE
Funding Source
MCINTIRE-STENNIS
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
1000342
Grant No.
(N/A)
Cumulative Award Amt.
(N/A)
Proposal No.
(N/A)
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Project Start Date
Oct 1, 2013
Project End Date
Sep 30, 2016
Grant Year
(N/A)
Program Code
[(N/A)]- (N/A)
Recipient Organization
UNIV OF MINNESOTA
(N/A)
ST PAUL,MN 55108
Performing Department
Forest Resources
Non Technical Summary
Global environmental change represents the greatest challenge facing resource managers today due to the uncertainty in future conditions and the urgency to develop strategies that increase adaptive capacity and/or minimize ecosystem vulnerability. This project assesses the efficacy of several recommended, yet little tested, management approaches for minimizing the impacts of global environmental change on Minnesota's forests and beyond.
Animal Health Component
50%
Research Effort Categories
Basic
50%
Applied
50%
Developmental
(N/A)
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
1230613102025%
1230613106025%
1230613107025%
1230613209025%
Knowledge Area
123 - Management and Sustainability of Forest Resources;

Subject Of Investigation
0613 - Mixed conifer-broadleaf forests;

Field Of Science
2090 - Statistics, econometrics, and biometrics; 1060 - Biology (whole systems); 1070 - Ecology; 1020 - Physiology;
Goals / Objectives
The overall objective of this project is to develop and evaluate management strategies that reduce the vulnerability of forest ecosystems in the Lake States to global environmental change impacts. Specifically, this study addresses three main components related to minimizing these impacts: 1) assessing the effectiveness of long-term density management at reducing drought vulnerability, 2) developing strategies for reducing the impacts of emerald ash borer (EAB) on black ash forests, and 3) investigating the impacts of increased woody residue removals on the long-term productivity of aspen and pine-dominated systems on a range of soil types.
Project Methods
A retrospective study of several long-term silviculture experiments located across the Lake States that examines the effectiveness of density management and forest complexity at reducing drought vulnerability. In addition, a large-scale experimental/manipulative approach in which the growth and survival of tree seedlings representing various EAB non-host species will be examined under different stand structures and levels of EAB-induced mortality. Finally, a large-scale silvicultural experiment will be established to assess the immediate and long-term impacts of biomass harvesting on forest productivity and diversity and the roles biological legacies play in mitigating these impacts on nutrient-poor, jack pine-dominated systems.

Progress 10/01/13 to 09/30/16

Outputs
Target Audience:Target audient for these projects include forest management and policy professionals, research scientists, family forest owners, watershed managers, and state, local, private, and non-profit agencies involved in forest conservation and management activities. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?This project is provided training and professional development opportunities for Sawyer Scherer who is examining the long-term impacts of prescribed fire on forest structural development and resilience as part of his master's research at the University of Minnesota. This work is also providing training and professional development opportunities for Christopher Looney, who is examining the management of black ash forests as part of his dissertation research at the University of Minnesota. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results from this work were shared with forest resource managers in the upper Lake States region at the Sustainable Forests Education Cooperative Wildlife Research Review on February 24, Cloquet, MN; (105 participants, Extension educators, industry, state, county, and federal foresters), and as part of an on-line silviculture prescription library website for forest managers (https://silvlib.cfans.umn.edu/silviculture-library). What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?1) The effectiveness of thinning as a strategy for minimizing drought impacts will continue to be evaluated across the southwestern and eastern US. Work examining the relative importance of soil moisture dynamics in affecting tree and stand-level responses to drought will be examined in the coming year. 2) We will continue to monitor the response of black ash forests to emerald ash borer to inform adaptive strategies for addressing this introduced insect. We also continue monitoring additional black ash wetlands in northern Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan. 3) The impacts of biomass harvesting on aspen and jack pine forest systems will continue to be monitored with particular focus on the impacts of these harvests on regeneration dynamics and forest functional diversity.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? (1) Cross-site evaluations of the influence of stocking level on forest drought response were conducted with three pine-dominated experimental forests in Minnesota, South Dakota, and Arizona. Result underscore the importance of stand density in affecting stand-level vulnerability to drought, with all sites displaying strong, negative relationships between resistance and resilience to drought and stand relative density. These results build upon previous work and highlight the potential for density management as a strategy for mitigating the impacts of drought on growth and mortality. (2) The fourth year of post-treatment data was collected from a large-scale experiment examining impacts of the emerald ash borer (EAB) on lowland black ash forests in northern Minnesota. Swamp white oak, hackberry, and American elm continue to display the highest levels of survivorship across planted seedlings and may serve as possible replacement species for maintaining forested wetland conditions in these areas. Examinations of the contribution of black ash to the total water budget in these systems indicate that ash transpiration constitutes 42-80% of the total potential evapotranspiration in these forests. As a result, stand-wide mortality due to emerald ash borer outbreaks or clearcut-harvesting may prolong the period of flooding in these systems. Regeneration data was also collected from a range of black ash silvicultural trials in Wisconsin with additional results from these areas forthcoming. (3) The immediate and long-term impacts of biomass harvesting on forest productivity continued to be examined across two large-scale experiments in Minnesota and a series of long-term soil productivity studies (LTSP) in Michigan and Minnesota. Results from this work indicate that the use of harvest residues across the upper Lake States region could reduce greenhouse gas (CO2e) emissions by 1.91-2.69 Mt annually based on current and historic harvest rates. Measurements of ecosystem-level impacts of these harvests suggest that forest residue removals do not result in long-term effects on the soil microbial community; however, other ecosystem properties may be impacted. Additional results are forthcoming.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Looney, C. E., A. W. DAmato, B. J. Palik, and R. A. Slesak. 2015. Overstory treatment and planting season affect survival of replacement tree species in emerald ash borer threatened Fraxinus nigra forests in Minnesota, USA. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 45:1728-1738.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2015 Citation: Foster, J. R., and A. W. D'Amato. 2015. Montane forest ecotones moved downslope in northeastern USA in spite of warming between 1984 and 2011. Global Change Biology 21:4497-4507.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2015 Citation: Forrester, J. A., D. J. Mladenoff, A. W. DAmato, S. Fraver, D. L. Lindner, N. J. Brazee, M. K. Clayton, and S. T. Gower. 2015. Temporal trends and sources of variation in carbon flux from coarse woody debris in experimental forest canopy openings. Oecologia 179:889-900.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2015 Citation: Kukrety, S., D. C. Wilson, A. W. D'Amato, and D. R. Becker. 2015. Assessing sustainable forest biomass potential and bioenergy implications for the northern Lake States region, USA. Biomass and Bioenergy 81:167-176.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2015 Citation: Russell, M. B., G. M. Domke, C. W. Woodall, and A. W. D'Amato. 2015. Comparisons of allometric and climate-derived estimates of tree coarse root carbon stocks in forests of the United States. Carbon Balance and Management 10:20.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2015 Citation: Russell, M.B., S. Fraver, T. Aakala, J.H. Gove, C.W. Woodall, A.W. DAmato, and M.J. Ducey. 2015. Quantifying carbon stores and decomposition in dead wood: a review. Forest Ecology and Management 350:107-128.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2015 Citation: Russell, M.B., A.W. D'Amato, M.A. Albers, C.W. Woodall, K.J. Puettmann, M.R. Saunders, and C.L. VanderSchaaf. 2015. Performance of the Forest Vegetation Simulator in managed white spruce plantations influenced by eastern spruce budworm in northern Minnesota. Forest Science 61:723-730.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2015 Citation: Pederson, N., A.W. D'Amato, J.M. Dyer, D.R. Foster, D. Goldblum, J.L. Hart, A.E. Hessl, L.R. Iverson, S.T. Jackson, D. Martin-Benito, B.C. McCarthy, R.W. McEwan, D.J. Mladenoff, A.J. Parker, B. Shuman, and J.W. Williams. 2015. Climate remains an important driver of post-European vegetation change in the eastern United States. Global Change Biology 21:2105-2110.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2015 Citation: Telander, A.C., R.A. Slesak, A.W. DAmato, B.J. Palik, K.N. Brooks, and C.F. Lenhart. 2015. Sap flow of black ash in wetland forests of northern Minnesota, USA: hydrologic implications of tree mortality due to emerald ash borer. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 206: 4-11.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2015 Citation: Woodall, C.W., M.B. Russell, B.F. Walters, A.W. DAmato, S. Fraver, and G.M. Domke. 2015. Net carbon flux of dead wood in forests of the Eastern US. Oecologia 177: 861-874.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2015 Citation: Lewandowski, T. E., J. A. Forrester, D. J. Mladenoff, J. L. Stoffel, S. T. Gower, A. W. DAmato, and T. C. Balser. 2015. Soil microbial community response and recovery following group selection harvest: Temporal patterns from an experimental harvest in a US northern hardwood forest. Forest Ecology and Management 340:82-94.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2015 Citation: DAmato, A.W., P. Catanzaro, L.S. Fletcher. 2015. Early regeneration and structural responses to patch selection and structural retention within second-growth northern hardwoods. Forest Science 61: 183-189.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2015 Citation: Woodall, C.W., M.B. Russell, B.G. Walters, A.W. DAmato, K. Zhu, and S.S. Saatchi. 2015. Forest production dynamics along a wood density spectrum in eastern United States forests. Trees-Structure and Function 29:299-310.


Progress 10/01/14 to 09/30/15

Outputs
Target Audience:Forest management and policy professionals, research scientists, family forest owners, watershed managers, and state, local, private, and nonprofit agencies involved in forest conservation and management activities. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?This project is providing training and professional development opportunites for Sawyer Scherer who is examining the long-termimpacts of prescribed fire on forest structural developmetn and resilience as part of his master's research. This work is also providing traning and professional development opportunities for Christopher Looney, who is examining the managmenet of black ash forests as part of his dissertation research. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results from this work were shared with forest resource managers int he Upper Lake States Region at the Sustainable Forests Education Cooperative Wildlife Research Review on February 24, 2015, Cloquet, MN (105 participants, Extension educators, industry, state, county, and federal foresters), and as part of an online silviculture prescription library website for forest managers (https://silvlib.cfans.umn.edu/silviculture-library). What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?(1) The efefctivess of thinning as a strategy for minimizing drought impacts will continue to be evaluated across the southwestern and eastern US. Work examining the relative importance of soil moisture dynamics in affecting tree and stand-level responses to drought will be examined in the coming year. (2) We will continue to monitor the response of black ash forests to emerald ash borer to inform adaptive strategies for addressing this introduced insect. We also continue monitoring additional black ash wetlands in northern Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan. (3) The impacts of biomass harvesting on aspen and jack pine forest systems will continue to be monitored with particular focus on the impacts of these harvests on regeneration dynamics and forest functional diversity.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? (1) Cross-site evaluations of the influence of stocking level on forest drought response were conducted with three pine-dominated experimental forests in Minnesota, South Dakota, and Arizona. Results underscore the importance of stand density in affecting stand-level vulnerability to drought, with all sites displaying strong, negative relationships between resistance and resilience to drought and stand relative density. These results build upon previous work and highlight the potential for density management as a strategy for mitigating the impacts of drough on growth and mortality. (2) The fourth year of post-treatment data was collected from a large-scale experiment examining impacts of the emerald ash borer (EAB) on lowland black ash forests in northern Minnesota. Swamp white oak, hackberry, and American elm continue to display the highest levels of survivorship across planted seedlings and may serve as possible replacement species for maintaining forested wetland conditions in these areas. Examinations of the contribution of black ash to the total water budget in these systems indicate that ash transpiration constitutes 42-80% of the total potential evapotranspiration in these forests. As a result, stand-wide mortality due to EAB outbreaks or clearcut-harvesting may prolong the period of flooding in these systems. Regeneration data was salso collected from a range of black ash silvicultural trials in Wisconsin with additional results from these areas forthcoming. (3) The immediate and long-term impacts of biomass harvesting on forest productivity continued to be examined across two large-scale experiments in Minnesota and a series of long-term soil productivity studies (LTSP) in Michigan and Minnesota, Results from this work indicate that the use of hsrvest residues across the Upper Lake States Region could reduce greenhouse gas (CO2e) emmisions by 1.91 to 2.69 Mt annually based on current and historic harvest rates. Measurements of ecosystem-level impacts of these harvests suggest that forest residue removals do not result in long-term effects on the soil microbial community; however, other ecosystem properties may be impacted. Additional results are forthcoming.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Looney, C.E., A.W. D'Amato, B.J. Palik, and R.A. Slesak. 2015. Overstory treatment and planting season affect survival of replacement tree species in emerald ash borer threatened Fraxinus nigra forests in Minnesota, USA. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 45:1728-1738.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2015 Citation: Foster, J.R., and A.W. D'Amato. 2015. Montane forest ecotones moved downslope in northeastern USA in spite of warming between 1984 and 2011. Global Change Biology 21:4497-4507.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2015 Citation: Forrester, J.A., D.J. Mladenoff, A.W. D'Amato, S. Fraver, D.L.Lindner, N.J. Brazee, M.K. Clayton, and S.T. Gower. 2015. Temporal trends and sources of variation in carbon flux from coarse woody debris in experimental forest canopy openings. Oecologia 179:889-900.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2015 Citation: Kukrety, S., D.C. Wilson, A.W. D'Amato, and D.R. Becker. 2015. Assessing sustainable forest biomass potential and bioenergy implications for the northern Lake States region, USA. Biomass and Bioenergy 81:167-176.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2015 Citation: Russell, M.B., G.M. Domke, C.W. Woodall, and A.W. D'Amato. 2015. Comparisons of allometric and climate-derived estimates of tree coarse root carbon stocks in forests of the United States. Carbon Balance and Management 10:20.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2015 Citation: Russell, M.B., S. Fraver, T. Aakala, J.H. Gove, C.W. Woodall, A.W. D'Amato, and M.J. Ducey. 2025. Quantifying carbon stores and decomposition in dead wood: a review. Forest Ecology and Management 350:107-128.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2015 Citation: Russell, M.B., A.W. D'Amato, M.A. Albers, C.W. Woodall, K.J. Puettman, M.R. Saunders, and C.L. Vanderschaaf. 2015. Performance of the Forest Vegetation Simulator in managed white spruce plantations influenced by eastern spruce budworm in northern Minnesota. Forest Science 61:723-730.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2015 Citation: Pederson, N., A.W. D'Amato, J.M. Dyer, D.R. Foster, D. Goldblum, J.L. Hart, A.E. Hessl, L.R. Iverson, S.T.Jackson, D. Martin-Benito, B.C. McCarthy, R.W. McEwan, D.J. Mladenoff, A.J. Parker, B. Shuman, and J.W. Williams. 2015. Climate remains an important driver of post-European vegetation change in the eastern United States. Global Change Biology 21:2105-2110.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2015 Citation: Telander, A.C., R.A. Slesak, A.W. D'Amato, B.J. Palik, K.N. Brooks, and C.F.Lenhart. 2015. Sap flow of black ash in wetland forests of northern Minnesota,USA: hydrologic implications of tree mortality due to emerald ash borer. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 206:4-11.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2015 Citation: Woodall, C.W., M.B. Russell, B.F. Walters, A.W. D'Amato, S. Fraver, and G.M. Domke. 2015. Net carbon flux of dead wood in forests of the eastern US. Oecologia 177-861-874.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2015 Citation: Lewandowski T.E., J.A. Forrester, D.J. Mladenoff, J.L. Stoffel, S.T. Gower, A.W. D'Amato, and T.C. Balser. 2015. Soiol microbial community response and recovery following group selection harvest: temporal patterns from an experimental harvest in a US northern hardwood forest. Forest Ecology and Management 340:82-94.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2015 Citation: D'Amato, A.W., P. Catanzaro, and L.S. Fletcher. 2015. Early regeneration and structural responses to patch selection and structural retention within second-growth northern hardwoods. Forest Science 61:183-189.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2015 Citation: Woodall, C.W., M.B. Russell, B.G. Walters, A.W. D'Amato, K. Zhu, and S.S. Saatchi. 2015. Forest production dynamics along a wood density spectrum in eastern United States forests. Trees-Structure and Function 29-299-310


Progress 10/01/13 to 09/30/14

Outputs
Target Audience: Target audiences for these projects include forest management and policy professionals, research scientists, family forest owners, watershed managers, and state, local, private, and non-profit agencies involved in forest conservation and management activities. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? This project is provided training and professional development opportunities for Andrew Telander who completed his master's research at the University of Minnesota examining black ash forest responses to emerald ash borere and Miranda Curzon who completed her PhD at the University of Minnesota examining the impacts of biomass harvesting on northern forests. This work is also providing training and professional development opportunities for Christopher Looney, who examining the management of black ash forests as part of his dissertation research at the University of Minnesota. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Results from this work were shared with forest resource managers and family forest owners in the upper Lake States region through a workshop on integrating climate change adaptation into management activities (Climate-informedManagement Workshop. May 8. Sustainable Forests Education Cooperative, Duluth MN; 65 participants, Extension educators, industry, state, county, and federal foresters; served as workshop co-organizer and co-instructor) and a webinar on biomass harvesting impacts and strategies (Applying silvicultural principles to manage for bioenergy. December 9. Invited Webinar as part of University of Minnesota Extension 2013 Bioenergy Webinar Series; 22 registered participants; Extension educators, private and federal foresters). What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? 1) The effectiveness of thinning as a strategy for minimizing drought impacts will continue to be evaluated across the southwestern and eastern US. Work examining the relative importance of stand structural complexity in mitigating impacts will be examined in the coming year. 2) We will continue to monitor the response of black ash forests to emerald ash borer to inform adaptive strategies for addressing this introduced insect. We also will be expanding our work to additional black ash wetlands in northern Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan. 3) The impacts of biomass harvesting on aspen and jack pine forest systems will continue to be monitored with particular focus on the impacts of these harvests on regeneration dynamics and forest functional diversity.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? (1) The impact of long-term thinning regimes and regeneration harvests on increasing the resistance and resilience of US forests to drought were quantified for eight long-term experimental forests in the Lake States, New England, and southwestern US. Results indicate that the importance of thinning as a drought mitigation strategy varies in accordance to levels of moisture stress in a given region and represents an effective near-term strategy for minimizing drought impacts on growth and mortality. (2) The third year of post-treatment data was collected from a large-scale experiment examining impacts of the emerald ash borer (EAB) on lowland black ash forests in northern Minnesota. Findings suggest that hardwood species, including swamp white oak, hackberry, and American elm are able to survive on black ash sites and could possible serve as replacement species. Examinations of water table responses to preemptive harvests of black ash and ash mortality due to simulated emerald ash borer outbreaks (via girdling treatments) indicate that clearcut-harvesting and loss of ash due to EAB prolong the period of flooding in these systems minimizing options for replacement species. Expansion of this work to additional black ash areas and continued monitoring of these sites is ongoing. (3) The immediate and long-term impacts of biomass harvesting on forest productivity were examined across two large-scale experiments in Minnesota and a series of long-term soil productivity studies (LTSP) in Michigan and Minnesota. Results from this work indicate that removal of harvest residues in aspen-dominated forests has little impact on soil carbon and nitrogen over the medium term (~20 years); however, forests developing following biomass harvests may develop at a slower rate than areas experience less intensive management regimes. Additional results are forthcoming.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: Russell, M.B., C.W. Woodall, S. Fraver, A.W. DAmato, G.M. Domke, and K.E. Skog. 2014. Residence time and decay for downed woody debris biomass/carbon in eastern US forests. Ecosystems 17: 765-777.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: Slesak, R.A., C.F. Lenhart, K.N. Brooks, A.W. DAmato, and B.J. Palik. 2014. Water table response to harvesting and simulated emerald ash borer mortality in black ash wetlands in Minnesota, USA. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 44: 961-968.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: Kurth, V.J., A.W. DAmato, B.J. Palik, and J.B. Bradford. 2014. Fifteen-year patterns of soil carbon and nitrogen following biomass harvesting. Soil Science Society of America Journal 78: 624-633.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: Kurth, V.J., J.B. Bradford, R.A. Slesak, and A.W. DAmato. 2014. Initial soil respiration response to biomass harvesting and green-tree retention in aspen-dominated forests of the Great Lakes region. Forest Ecology and Management 328: 342-352.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: Russell, M.B., C.W. Woodall, A.W. DAmato, G.M. Domke, and S.S. Saatchi. 2014. Beyond mean functional traits: Influence of functional trait profiles on forest structure, production, and mortality across the eastern US. Forest Ecology and Management 328:1-9.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: Reinikainen, M.R., A.W. DAmato, J. Bradford, and S. Fraver. 2014. Influence of stocking, site quality, stand age, low-severity canopy disturbance, and forest composition on sub-boreal aspen mixedwood carbon stocks. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 44: 230-242.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: Fraver, S., A. W. D'Amato, J. B. Bradford, B. G. Jonsson, M. J�nsson, and P.-A. Esseen. 2014. Tree growth and competition in an old-growth Picea abies forest of boreal Sweden: influence of tree spatial patterning. Journal of Vegetation Science 25: 374-385.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: Foster, J.R., A.W. DAmato, and J. Bradford. 2014. Looking for age-related growth decline in natural forests: biomass patterns from tree rings and simulated mortality. Oecologia 175: 363-374.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: Curzon, M.T., A.W. DAmato, and B.J. Palik. 2014. Harvest residue removal and soil compaction impact forest productivity and recovery: Potential implications for bioenergy harvests. Forest Ecology and Management 329:99-107.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: Russell, M.B., A.W. DAmato, B.K. Schulz, C.W. Woodall, G.M. Domke, and J.B. Bradford. 2014. Quantifying understorey vegetation in the US Lake States: a proposed framework to inform regional forest carbon stocks. Forestry 87: 629-638.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: Russell, M.B., C.W. Woodall, A.W. D'Amato, S. Fraver, and J.B. Bradford. 2014. Technical note: Linking climate change and downed woody debris decomposition across forests of the eastern United States. Biogeosciences 11: 6417-6425.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: Aguilar, F. X., Z. Cai, and A. W. D'Amato. 2014. Non-industrial private forest owner's willingness-to-harvest: How higher timber prices influence woody biomass supply. Biomass and Bioenergy 71:202-215.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: Brazee, N., D. Linder, A.W. DAmato, S. Fraver, A. Milo, J.R. Forrester, and D.J. Mladenoff. 2014. Disturbance and diversity of wood-inhabiting fungi: effects of canopy gaps and downed woody debris. Biodiversity and Conservation 23: 2155-2172.