Progress 02/20/19 to 07/19/19
Outputs
Progress Report Objectives (from AD-416): The Dietary Supplement Ingredient Database (DSID) (http://dsid.usda.nih. gov; (U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2012) currently provides nationally representative supplement composition data for adult and children⿿s MVM, based on chemical analysis. All other dietary supplement databases contain label information only. In addition to the evaluation of vitamin and mineral levels in dietary supplements, the DSID will be expanded to include supplements with other ingredients of interest, including omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids in fish and plant oil supplements, and catechins, caffeine, and flavonoids in botanical supplements. Objective 1: Determine, evaluate, and expand knowledge about the composition of frequently consumed dietary supplements in the U.S. by collecting and compiling data and information on essential nutrients and emerging components of public health importance. This includes developing methods for sampling new dietary supplement product types, statistically evaluating analytical results to portray representative estimates, and improving the value of the Dietary Supplement Ingredient Database by utilizing new technologies to generate novel datasets. Approach (from AD-416): Several types of studies are planned, including ongoing national and monitoring studies and new pilot and national studies. NDL will design and carry out research to analytically determine the ingredient composition of representative dietary supplements, including essential nutrients and bioactive components. NDL will identify laboratories for sample analysis and evaluate data quality. Results will be statistically evaluated and made publicly available through the DSID. On-going DSID Studies: 1) Omega-3 fatty acid national study: scientifically evaluate the relationships between labeled and analytical levels of omega-3 fatty acids in representative dietary supplements, including fish oil, plant oil and fish/plant oil blends. Release mean results and variability information from this study in DSID-3. 2) Over-the-Counter (OTC) prenatal MVM national study: scientifically evaluate the relationship between label and analytical values and assess the variability for up to 22 vitamins and minerals in OTC prenatal MVM. Release mean results and variability information from this study in DSID- 3. 3) Adult MVM monitoring study: systematically evaluate the statistical relationships between label and analytical data since the first adult MVM study in a monitoring study of adult MVM, and release results in DSID-4. The information from this study will be used to plan the frequency and scope of updates to DSID for other MVM and possibly other supplement categories. Pilot Studies: 1) Green tea study AND flavonoid-containing dietary supplements (DS) study: methods of analysis will be evaluated by testing representative and top-selling products for prioritized ingredients of interest. 2) Calcium in DS and OTC antacids study: DS and OTC antacids, a major source of supplemental calcium intake in the U.S., will be assessed for their calcium and vitamin D content. National Studies: 1) Green tea DS and flavonoid-containing DS studies: obtain mean estimates for and measures of variability for analyzed catechins, caffeine, and for analyzed flavonoids (such as flavonols, flavones, flavanones, catechins, and anthocyanidins) in nationally representative botanical DS. 2) Calcium in DS and OTC antacids study: determine national estimates for ingredients in calcium-containing DS, a commonly reported supplement Project is now expired and has been replaced by 8040-52000-068-00D. Calcium dietary supplements (DS) national study: The goal of this study is to determine national estimates for calcium and vitamin D content in DS sold for the purpose of increasing calcium intake. The scope of study includes calcium and bone health products for adults purchased in a nationally representative study (n=100 with 2 to 3 lots) and a smaller study of children⿿s calcium supplements (n=25-30). Common forms are tablets, caplets, hard shell capsules, gummies, soft chews, and liquids. To identify nationally representative calcium DS for purchase, we analyzed information on frequency of use and units sold. We researched the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) DS files (2013-14) and surveyed products sold in retail stores and popular web sites. Most importantly, we purchased national retail sales data for the mass market and natural health channels from SPINS, a market survey company. After reviewing this information, we realized that many of the products listed in the SPINS data (for the year of August 2017-2018) were masked (blinded) private label products. In order to solve this problem, masked private labels in the SPINS⿿ dataset were replaced by brands/ products reported in the 2013-14 NHANES using mixed model statistics. The model was established by associating the frequency of use information in the NHANES report and the units sold numbers for SPINS retail sales data for products included in both datasets. The matched products consisted of 37% of the market share. The model allowed us to project frequency of use into units sold values for private label brands/products reported in NHANES 2013-14 but not found in the SPINS⿿ 2017-18 dataset. Brand name DS were added to the product listings based on the actual numbers of units sold in the SPINS⿿ dataset.
Impacts
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Publications
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