Progress 07/01/13 to 04/17/18
Outputs
Progress Report Objectives (from AD-416): Objective 1: Develop and release improved potato germplasm and varieties with disease resistance to foliar and soil-borne pathogens, particularly for late blight and common scab. Sub-objective 1.A. Improve levels of resistance to foliar late blight in 2x and 4x populations. Sub-objective 1.B. Locate unique inhibitor proteins for late blight resistance in phu-stn (Solanium phureja-Solanium stenotomum). Sub-objective 1.C. Improve 4x populations for resistance to common scab. Objective 2: Evaluate novel methods for evaluating potato germplasm for greater root biomass and enhanced capacity for nitrogen uptake efficiency. Objective 3: Develop potato germplasm and varieties with improved processing qualities suited for chipping directly from the field and from storage. Sub-objective 3.A: Identify molecular markers associated with processing directly from the field and from storage. Sub-objective 3.B. Improve 4x and 2x germplasm for chipping directly from the field and from storage. Objective 4: Increase the nutritional value of potato, particularly for carotenoid content, and release germplasm or finished varieties. Approach (from AD-416): Genetic sources of resistance to late blight and common scab will be evaluated for resistance in diseased plots. Resistant selections will be intercrossed to improve disease resistance, and crossed with selections with processing potential to combine resistance with processing potential; resultant progeny will be evaluated for disease resistance, processing potential, and other important marketing traits. Late blight resistant selections will be screened to identify unique xyloglucanase specific endoglucanase inhibitor proteins involved in resistance. Genetic materials will be evaluated for nitrogen uptake efficiency via tissue culture, stem cuttings, potted plants in the greenhouse, and whole plants grown in the field to develop a rapid throughput screening method. Genotypic data (single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)) and phenotypic data (yield, specific gravity, tuber shape, chip color, disease resistance) generated for several potato populations via the SolCap Project will be analyzed to identify molecular markers associated with processing traits and disease resistance. Diploid potatoes with high lutein and high zeaxanthin content will be crossed with tetraploids to improve carotenoid levels in tetraploid potato germplasm and combine different tuber skin colors with more intense yellow-fleshed tubers. A new potato variety, �Little Ruby�, was released, for the red-skin, creamer market in the northeastern U.S., and permission was granted to prepare the release of �Red Dawn�, a fresh market, red-skin, yellow-flesh variety for production under heat stress conditions. Progress was made in improving the levels of late blight resistance in a diploid population of potatoes; late blight, as measured by area under the disease progress curve, has been reduced to 1/6th that of the original population. True seed from bulk-pollinations amongst the most resistant clones in this population were collected in preparation for a germplasm release. Late blight and early blight resistance in the hexaploid wild species Solanum hougasii was incorporated into the tetraploid germplasm base through a series of backcrosses to S. tuberosum. High levels of resistance to common scab from a diploid selection from Solanum chacoense which were transferred to the tetraploid level, were verified in the field. This led to the germplasm release of three tetraploid clones with resistance to common scab. Disease resistance is frequently associated with late maturity, making it difficult to separate genetic components of disease resistance from maturity. Early maturing varieties are necessary for east coast potato production. Using deviations from linear regression of disease resistance on maturity, maturity-adjusted resistance of potato varieties to Verticillium wilt and late blight were identified. Thus, varieties that were more resistant than expected were identified and can be used in future breeding efforts to develop early maturing, disease resistant varieties. A tetraploid population of more than 200 potato varieties was phenotyped for yield, maturity, specific gravity, chip processing and resistance to late blight, early blight, common scab, and soft rot for genome wide association studies underway with scientists at Penn State University. In vitro, greenhouse, and field studies identified nitrogen uptake efficiency in Solanum chacoense germplasm, which have been utilized in crosses with commercial quality germplasm. In vitro studies identified heat tolerance in the wild potato species Solanum berthaultii, S. brevicaule, S. candolleanum, and S. kurtzianum, which were utilized in crosses with commercial quality germplasm. Six diploid, high carotenoid clones were put in tissue culture to begin the process of producing disease-free seed for commercial evalution for specialty markets. High levels of heterozygosity were found in Solanum chacoense. Heterozygosity introduces genetic variation into breeding populations. The high levels of heterozygosity observed in Solanum chacoense suggests that many new alleles will be introduced into commercial germplasm using this germplasm source. S. chacoense is a genetic resource in breeding for disease resistance and abiotic stress tolerances. Accomplishments 01 Heat tolerance was identified in several diploid wild potato species. Potatoes are a cool season crop. With production expanding into warmer growing areas worldwide and climate change that affects major potato production regions, the development of improved heat tolerant potatoes is vital to sustain crop production. ARS scientists in Beltsville, Maryland, developed novel tissue culture protocols and utilized in collaboration with a visiting PhD student from the University of Lavras, Brazil to expedite identification of heat tolerant potato species. We found that the wild potato species Solanum brevicaule, S. candolleanum, S. kurtzianum and S. sogarandinum were the most heat tolerant of the ten species examined. This new knowledge expands the breadth of germplasm now available for improving heat tolerance within the relatively narrow base of cultivated potato germplasm. These species will be of value to ARS and university potato breeders in development of heat tolerant cultivars. 02 Uncharacteristically high levels of heterozygosity discovered in wild potato species. Heterozygosity, whereby an organism has different pairs of genes for a trait, had previously been reported to be low (6%) in Solanum S. chacoense, a wild potato species that possesses many valuable traits for breeding. Heterozygosity can result in offspring from matings that are superior for characters such as yield, quality and disease resistance in comparison to their parents. Using molecular markers, ARS scientists in Beltsville, Maryland, discovered that heterozygosity in S. chacoense was considerably high, ranging from 33- 87% at the 15 genes examined, refuting longstanding dogma for low heterozygosity in this potato relative. Consequently, breeders can exploit the benefits of heterosis possible in crosses with this potato relative in development of superior potato cultivars.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
- Simko, I., Haynes, K.G. 2017. Maturity-adjusted resistance of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars to Verticillium wilt caused by Verticillium dahliae. American Journal of Potato Research. 94:173�177.
- Christensen, C.T., Zotarelli, L., Haynes, K.G., Colee, J. 2017. Rooting characteristics of Solanum chacoense and Solanum tuberosum in vitro. American Journal of Potato Research.
- Haynes, K.G., Zaki, H.E., Christensen, C., Ogden, E.L., Rowland, L.J., Kramer, M.H., Zotarelli, L. 2017. High levels of heterozygosity found for 15 SSR loci in Solanum chacoense. American Journal of Potato Research.
- Braun, S.R., Endelman, J.B., Haynes, K.G., Jansky, S.H. 2017. Quantitative trait loci for resistance to common scab and cold-induced sweetening in diploid potato . The Plant Genome.
- Jansky, S.H., Douches, D., Haynes, K.G. 2017. Transmission of scab resistance to tetraploid potato via unilateral sexual polyploidization. American Journal of Potato Research. 95(3):272-277.
- Endelman, J.B., Schmitz Carley, C.A., Bethke, P.C., Coombs, J.J., Clough, M., Da Silva, W., De Jong, W.S., Douches, D.S., Frederick, C.M., Haynes, K. G., Holm, D.G., Miller, J., Munoz, P., Navarro, F.M., Novy, R.G., Palta, J. P., Porter, G.A., Rak, K., Sathuvalli, V., Thompson, A.L., Yencho, G. 2018. Genetic variance partitioning and genome-wide prediction with allele dosage information in autotetraploid potato. Genetics. 209:77-87.
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Progress 10/01/16 to 09/30/17
Outputs
Progress Report Objectives (from AD-416): Objective 1: Develop and release improved potato germplasm and varieties with disease resistance to foliar and soil-borne pathogens, particularly for late blight and common scab. Sub-objective 1.A. Improve levels of resistance to foliar late blight in 2x and 4x populations. Sub-objective 1.B. Locate unique inhibitor proteins for late blight resistance in phu-stn (Solanium phureja-Solanium stenotomum). Sub-objective 1.C. Improve 4x populations for resistance to common scab. Objective 2: Evaluate novel methods for evaluating potato germplasm for greater root biomass and enhanced capacity for nitrogen uptake efficiency. Objective 3: Develop potato germplasm and varieties with improved processing qualities suited for chipping directly from the field and from storage. Sub-objective 3.A: Identify molecular markers associated with processing directly from the field and from storage. Sub-objective 3.B. Improve 4x and 2x germplasm for chipping directly from the field and from storage. Objective 4: Increase the nutritional value of potato, particularly for carotenoid content, and release germplasm or finished varieties. Approach (from AD-416): Genetic sources of resistance to late blight and common scab will be evaluated for resistance in diseased plots. Resistant selections will be intercrossed to improve disease resistance, and crossed with selections with processing potential to combine resistance with processing potential; resultant progeny will be evaluated for disease resistance, processing potential, and other important marketing traits. Late blight resistant selections will be screened to identify unique xyloglucanase specific endoglucanase inhibitor proteins involved in resistance. Genetic materials will be evaluated for nitrogen uptake efficiency via tissue culture, stem cuttings, potted plants in the greenhouse, and whole plants grown in the field to develop a rapid throughput screening method. Genotypic data (single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)) and phenotypic data (yield, specific gravity, tuber shape, chip color, disease resistance) generated for several potato populations via the SolCap Project will be analyzed to identify molecular markers associated with processing traits and disease resistance. Diploid potatoes with high lutein and high zeaxanthin content will be crossed with tetraploids to improve carotenoid levels in tetraploid potato germplasm and combine different tuber skin colors with more intense yellow-fleshed tubers. Crosses in the spring generated approximately 16,700 seed from 66 crosses between 4x cold chipping and 4x scab resistant clones; 220 seed from 13 crosses between 4x chipping clones and 2x late blight resistant clones; and, 3,890 seed from 23 selfed late blight resistant diploids. Crosses in the summer were made between the long-day adapted diploid population and the wild species S. chacoense for improved nitrogen uptake efficiency. Open-pollinated fruit from the cycle 4 2x late blight resistant population were collected late summer. A diploid mapping population for high specific gravity was distributed to Oregon State University and evaluated for specific gravity in Oregon and Maine. A tetraploid mapping population for late blight resistance was distributed to Penn State University and evaluated for late blight in Pennsylvania and yield, maturity and chipping ability in Maine. Seed from a diploid mapping population for late blight resistance was grown in Maine. Plantlets from a diploid mapping population for nitrogen uptake efficiency were increased in tissue culture for production of mini-tubers in the fall. Diploid yellow-flesh clones were evaluated in Florida, New Mexico, Pennsylvania and Maine. Six were chosen to establish in tissue culture for possible future release. Several wild species accessions with reported heat tolerance were evaluated under high temperature conditions in tissue culture for their ability to form micro-tubers. Accomplishments 01 Superior rooting characteristics found in Solanum wild potato. Because potatoes have a shallow rooting system and are grown on light soils, some of the fertilizer applied is lost to leaching and can cause ground water contamination. Plants with longer roots and more dense roots could potentially take up more fertilizer, thus, less fertilizer would need to be applied, resulting in a reduction in groundwater contamination and increased grower profits. Tissue culture studies in collaboration with scientists at the University of Florida found that the wild potato species S. chacoense has greater rooting characteristics than either of two cultivated potato species. Our findings enable breeders to develop new potato cultivars with superior rooting characteristics that facilitate improved nitrogen uptake, thus reducing leaching to ground water.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
- Endelman, J.B., Schmitz Carley, C.A., Douches, D.S., Coombs, J.J., Bizimingu, B., De Jong, W.S., Haynes, K.G., Holm, D.G., Miller, J., Navarro, F.M., Novy, R.G., Palta, J.P., Parish, D.I., Porter, G.A., Sathuvalli, V.R., Thompson, A.L., Yencho, G. 2017. Pedigree reconstruction with genome-wide markers in potato. American Journal of Potato Research. 94:184-190.
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Progress 10/01/15 to 09/30/16
Outputs
Progress Report Objectives (from AD-416): Objective 1: Develop and release improved potato germplasm and varieties with disease resistance to foliar and soil-borne pathogens, particularly for late blight and common scab. Sub-objective 1.A. Improve levels of resistance to foliar late blight in 2x and 4x populations. Sub-objective 1.B. Locate unique inhibitor proteins for late blight resistance in phu-stn (Solanium phureja-Solanium stenotomum). Sub-objective 1.C. Improve 4x populations for resistance to common scab. Objective 2: Evaluate novel methods for evaluating potato germplasm for greater root biomass and enhanced capacity for nitrogen uptake efficiency. Objective 3: Develop potato germplasm and varieties with improved processing qualities suited for chipping directly from the field and from storage. Sub-objective 3.A: Identify molecular markers associated with processing directly from the field and from storage. Sub-objective 3.B. Improve 4x and 2x germplasm for chipping directly from the field and from storage. Objective 4: Increase the nutritional value of potato, particularly for carotenoid content, and release germplasm or finished varieties. Approach (from AD-416): Genetic sources of resistance to late blight and common scab will be evaluated for resistance in diseased plots. Resistant selections will be intercrossed to improve disease resistance, and crossed with selections with processing potential to combine resistance with processing potential; resultant progeny will be evaluated for disease resistance, processing potential, and other important marketing traits. Late blight resistant selections will be screened to identify unique xyloglucanase specific endoglucanase inhibitor proteins involved in resistance. Genetic materials will be evaluated for nitrogen uptake efficiency via tissue culture, stem cuttings, potted plants in the greenhouse, and whole plants grown in the field to develop a rapid throughput screening method. Genotypic data (single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)) and phenotypic data (yield, specific gravity, tuber shape, chip color, disease resistance) generated for several potato populations via the SolCap Project will be analyzed to identify molecular markers associated with processing traits and disease resistance. Diploid potatoes with high lutein and high zeaxanthin content will be crossed with tetraploids to improve carotenoid levels in tetraploid potato germplasm and combine different tuber skin colors with more intense yellow-fleshed tubers. Approximately 225,000 open-pollinated diploid potato seed from an orange- flesh seed nursery were collected from 29 families. Crosses in the spring were made 1) to generate diploid mapping populations to identify quantitative trait loci associated with late blight resistance and high specific gravity, 2) to develop diploid inbred lines, and 3) to study the inheritance of tuber dormancy. Crosses in the summer were made to improve chipping ability. Diploid orange-flesh potatoes grown in Maine and Florida were analyzed for carotenoid content. Second-year field generation materials were distributed to Pennsylvania for evaluation of resistance to common scab. Third-year and higher field generation materials were distributed to state and industry cooperators for evaluation in different ecological niches. Accomplishments 01 New potato variety. The market for specialty potatoes is growing. �Little Ruby�, evaluated as B2152-17, was named and released by ARS scientists at Beltsville, Maryland; a Plant Variety Patent (PVP) application has been filed for it. �Little Ruby� is a fresh market, red- skin, yellow-flesh variety for the �baby� red market. It is primarily adapted to the northeastern United States and provides growers with a high value product. 02 Potato germplasm with resistance to both late blight and early blight. For growers to be able to reduce fungicide usage, varieties must be resistant to both late blight and early blight. Resistance to late blight previously identified by ARS scientists at Beltsville, Maryland in a wild potato species was incorporated into the commercial germplasm base. Several potato clones with resistance to both diseases were identified. This disease-resistant germplasm has been utilized by state and federal potato breeders to improve the levels of resistance to these two diseases.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
- Haynes, K.G., Qu, X. 2016. Late blight and early blight resistance from Solanum hougasii introgressed into Solanum tuberosum. American Journal of Potato Research. 93(1):86-95.
- Haynes, K.G., Yencho, G., Clough, M.E., Henninger, M.R., Qu, X., Christ, B. J., Peck, M.X., Porter, G., Hutchinson, C., Gergela, D., Halseth, D., Menasha, S., Sieczka, J. 2015. Peter Wilcox: A new purple-skin, yellow flesh fresh market potato cultivar. American Journal of Potato Research. 93:273-581.
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Progress 10/01/14 to 09/30/15
Outputs
Progress Report Objectives (from AD-416): Objective 1: Develop and release improved potato germplasm and varieties with disease resistance to foliar and soil-borne pathogens, particularly for late blight and common scab. Sub-objective 1.A. Improve levels of resistance to foliar late blight in 2x and 4x populations. Sub-objective 1.B. Locate unique inhibitor proteins for late blight resistance in phu-stn (Solanium phureja-Solanium stenotomum). Sub-objective 1.C. Improve 4x populations for resistance to common scab. Objective 2: Evaluate novel methods for evaluating potato germplasm for greater root biomass and enhanced capacity for nitrogen uptake efficiency. Objective 3: Develop potato germplasm and varieties with improved processing qualities suited for chipping directly from the field and from storage. Sub-objective 3.A: Identify molecular markers associated with processing directly from the field and from storage. Sub-objective 3.B. Improve 4x and 2x germplasm for chipping directly from the field and from storage. Objective 4: Increase the nutritional value of potato, particularly for carotenoid content, and release germplasm or finished varieties. Approach (from AD-416): Genetic sources of resistance to late blight and common scab will be evaluated for resistance in diseased plots. Resistant selections will be intercrossed to improve disease resistance, and crossed with selections with processing potential to combine resistance with processing potential; resultant progeny will be evaluated for disease resistance, processing potential, and other important marketing traits. Late blight resistant selections will be screened to identify unique xyloglucanase specific endoglucanase inhibitor proteins involved in resistance. Genetic materials will be evaluated for nitrogen uptake efficiency via tissue culture, stem cuttings, potted plants in the greenhouse, and whole plants grown in the field to develop a rapid throughput screening method. Genotypic data (single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)) and phenotypic data (yield, specific gravity, tuber shape, chip color, disease resistance) generated for several potato populations via the SolCap Project will be analyzed to identify molecular markers associated with processing traits and disease resistance. Diploid potatoes with high lutein and high zeaxanthin content will be crossed with tetraploids to improve carotenoid levels in tetraploid potato germplasm and combine different tuber skin colors with more intense yellow-fleshed tubers. Crosses in the spring were made among tetraploid clones with chipping potential, and resistance to Potato Virus Y (PVY) or common scab. Crosses in the field in the summer were made among tetraploid clones with either chipping or specialty market potential, and diploid, late blight resistant clones. True seed from a tetraploid family segregating for late blight resistance and tolerance to high temperatures was germinated in tissue culture, propagated, and transplanted to the greenhouse to rapidly increase seed tubers for a mapping study to identify genes associated with late blight resistance and high temperature tolerance in this family. Seed tubers from the diploid late blight population were evaluated for resistance to early blight, late blight, and common scab. Nitrogen uptake efficiency in a diploid wild species continues to be evaluated in tissue culture, greenhouse and field experiments. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) molecular markers were used to examine genetic diversity in the diploid wild species being evaluated for nitrogen uptake efficiency. Progeny from crosses between commercial varieties and a common scab resistant diploid wild species selection were evaluated for their reaction to common scab for a second year. The carotenoid content of orange-fleshed diploid selections grown in Florida and Maine were evaluated for a second year. Second-year field generation selections were distributed to Florida, North Carolina and Pennsylvania for evaluation of their commercial potential and resistance to common scab and late blight. First-year field generation diploid selections were evaluated in Maine, Florida, and New Mexico for their potential for the papa criolla market. Papa criolla is a very popular, deep yellow-flesh, South American diploid potato variety. Third-year and higher field generation selections were distributed to state and industry cooperators for evaluation in different ecological niches. Twenty-nine chipping selections were distributed for evaluation at 11 locations across the U.S. as part of the U.S. Potato Board�s National Chip Processing Trials. Accomplishments 01 New potato breeding lines with resistance to both early blight and late blight. Late blight and early blight are two of the most devastating foliar diseases of potato but resistance to both diseases is rarely found. Rarer still, is resistance associated with acceptable processing traits, such as high specific gravity and light chip color. For growers to be able to reduce fungicide applications, varieties must be resistant to both diseases. Since much of the market for potatoes is in processed form, resistance combined with acceptable processing traits would be even more valuable. ARS researchers in Beltsville, Maryland incorporated resistance to both diseases into the commercial potato germplasm base from the wild species Solanum hougasii which was crossed several times to the commercial variety Solanum tuberosum. Fourteen clones were resistant to both diseases. Of these, three clones also had acceptable processing quality. This germplasm combines foliar disease resistance to late blight and early blight with acceptable processing quality. These new breeding lines are important for breeders developing elite disease resistant, processing varieties.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
- Stommel, J.R., Pushko, M., Haynes, K.G., Whitaker, B.D. 2014. Differential inheritance of pepper (capsicum annum) fruit pigments results in black to violet fruit color. Plant Breeding. DOI:10.1111/PBR.12209.
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Progress 10/01/13 to 09/30/14
Outputs
Progress Report Objectives (from AD-416): Objective 1: Develop and release improved potato germplasm and varieties with disease resistance to foliar and soil-borne pathogens, particularly for late blight and common scab. Sub-objective 1.A. Improve levels of resistance to foliar late blight in 2x and 4x populations. Sub-objective 1.B. Locate unique inhibitor proteins for late blight resistance in phu-stn (Solanium phureja-Solanium stenotomum). Sub-objective 1.C. Improve 4x populations for resistance to common scab. Objective 2: Evaluate novel methods for evaluating potato germplasm for greater root biomass and enhanced capacity for nitrogen uptake efficiency. Objective 3: Develop potato germplasm and varieties with improved processing qualities suited for chipping directly from the field and from storage. Sub-objective 3.A: Identify molecular markers associated with processing directly from the field and from storage. Sub-objective 3.B. Improve 4x and 2x germplasm for chipping directly from the field and from storage. Objective 4: Increase the nutritional value of potato, particularly for carotenoid content, and release germplasm or finished varieties. Approach (from AD-416): Genetic sources of resistance to late blight and common scab will be evaluated for resistance in diseased plots. Resistant selections will be intercrossed to improve disease resistance, and crossed with selections with processing potential to combine resistance with processing potential; resultant progeny will be evaluated for disease resistance, processing potential, and other important marketing traits. Late blight resistant selections will be screened to identify unique xyloglucanase specific endoglucanase inhibitor proteins involved in resistance. Genetic materials will be evaluated for nitrogen uptake efficiency via tissue culture, stem cuttings, potted plants in the greenhouse, and whole plants grown in the field to develop a rapid throughput screening method. Genotypic data (single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)) and phenotypic data (yield, specific gravity, tuber shape, chip color, disease resistance) generated for several potato populations via the SolCap Project will be analyzed to identify molecular markers associated with processing traits and disease resistance. Diploid potatoes with high lutein and high zeaxanthin content will be crossed with tetraploids to improve carotenoid levels in tetraploid potato germplasm and combine different tuber skin colors with more intense yellow-fleshed tubers. Crosses in the spring were made between late blight resistant diploids and wild species diploids with superior nitrogen uptake efficiency: 33 families generated 5900 seeds. Crosses were also made among tetraploid clones with chipping potential, and late blight or PVY resistance. Crosses in the field in the summer were made among tetraploid clones with chipping potential, among purple- and red-fleshed tetraploid clones for specialty markets, and between late blight resistant diploids and wild species diploids with superior nitrogen uptake efficiency. Nitrogen uptake efficiency in a diploid wild species was evaluated in tissue culture and greenhouse experiments. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) molecular markers were used to examine the genetic diversity in the diploid wild species being evaluated for nitrogen uptake efficiency. A mapping population was evaluated for resistance to common scab in preparation for identifying molecular markers associated with scab resistance. Second-year field generation materials were distributed to cooperators for evaluation of resistance to common scab. First-year field generation materials were selected to lengthen tuber dormancy in the diploid yellow-flesh population. Third-year and higher field generation materials were distributed to state and industry Cooperators for evaluation in different ecological niches. Significant Activities that Support Special Target Populations: A sizable Hispanic population exists in the U.S. Yellow-flesh diploid potatoes, known as papa criolla, are common in Latin and South American markets. A new collaborative project between a Hispanic scientist at the University of Florida (UFL) and a scientist at New Mexico State University (NMSU, a Hispanic institution) is being undertaken to develop yellow-flesh diploid potatoes for this marketing niche that will tuberize well under the long-day growing conditions in the U.S. Over 13,000 first- year field seedlings were planted and selections made for acceptable tuber type and yield, and long dormancy. These will be distributed to scientists at UFL and NMSU for evaluation in 2015. These types of potatoes should be of interest to small-scale farmers as they are not suited for current commercial mechanical harvest. Accomplishments 01 Identification of potato germplasm with high salinity tolerance. Increasing human demand for fresh water resources is putting pressure on fresh water resources for agricultural production, i.e. irrigation. In addition, soil salinization is increasing. The development of salt tolerant crops would allow agricultural production to continue with marginal resources (irrigation with brackish water or production on saline soils). Salinity tolerance is not available in cultivated potato. ARS scientists in Beltsville, MD have identified salinity tolerance in the wild potato species Solanum chacoense and documented the expression of several genes involved in salinity tolerance. This salt tolerant germplasm will enable development of commercial salt-tolerant potato cultivars and foster improved production sustainability.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
- Haynes, K.G., Qu, X., Christ, B.J. 2014. Two cycles of recurrent maternal half-sib selection reduce foliar late blight in a diploid hybrid Solanum phureja-S. stenotomum population by two-thirds. American Journal of Potato Research. 91:254-259.
- Haynes, K.G., Gergela, D.M., Qu, X.S., Peck, M.W., Yencho, G.C., Clough, M. E., Henninger, M.R., Halseth, D.E., Porter, G.A., Ocaya, P.C., Zotarelli, L., Menasha, S.R., Christ, B.J., Wanner, L.A., Hutchinson, C. 2014. Elkton: A new potato variety with resistance to internal heat necrosis and suitable for chipping directly from the field in the southern United States. American Journal of Potato Research. 91:269-276.
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