Progress 10/01/12 to 09/30/22
Outputs
OUTPUTS: To grow the wood-based composites industry, it is necessary to develop composites that exceed current performance expectations or create new functionalities (e.g., lower cost, more adaptable, more reliable, lower maintenance, smarter) by combining them with other materials (e.g., innovative binder systems, other carbohydrates, metal/synthetic fibers, biopolymers) or finding new ways of structuring composites. Wood-based composites can also be engineered for specific end-performance characteristics by incorporating a wide variety of additives, resins, agricultural fibers, inorganic materials, non-wood synthetics, or three-dimensional design. Some of the opportunities offered by new advanced composites and nano-materials including optimized performance, minimized weight and volume, and cost effectiveness resistance to fatigue, chemicals, insects, heat and biodegradation. As we gain an understanding of the fundamentals of raw materials and processing there is a need to identify and quantify ways to improve the performance, durability and value of composites. Our research work unit strives to meet the challenges and opportunities of our nation⿿s forest resources through mission-driven research on wood-based composites. FY 20 accomplishments include: Applying nanocellulose membranes for actuation, sensing and energy harvesting applications; monitoring long-term field exposure of wood-plastic composites processed on a commercial-size extruder; functionalizing cellulose nanocrystals as a potential fire retardant for polymer composites; investigating effects of multi-stage milling method on the energy consumption of comminuting forest residuals; applying heterogeneously integrated flexible microwave amplifiers on a cellulose nanofibril substrate; and converting Kraft lignin to bio-multilayer graphene materials under different atmospheres. PARTICIPANTS: - Clemson University - University of Wisconsin-Madison - Washington State University - Michigan State University TARGET AUDIENCES: Researchers and current/potential manufacturers of wood-based composites. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: We revised our Research Work Unit Description in 2017 and this problem area will be continued in 2021.
Impacts
The goal of this research is to build upon the fundamental knowledge gained in Problem No. 1, then define and characterize various raw materials and processing options that can improve the performance of traditional composites or use that knowledge to develop new composites. We focused our studies to understand the effects of production and performance when wood-fibers are combined with non-wood cellulosic fibers. New evaluation techniques will be required to characterize novel or improved performance attributes, understand the mechanisms of how they perform, and determine best practices for their use.
Publications
- Bajwa, Dilpreet S; Rehovsky, Chad; Shojaeiarani, Jamileh; Stark, Nicole; Bajwa, Sreekala; Dietenberger, Mark A. 2019. Functionalized cellulose nanocrystals: a potential fire retardant for polymer composites. Polymers. 11(8). 7 p.
- Ibach, Rebecca E.; Clemons, Craig M.; Stark, Nicole M. 2020. Long-term field exposure of wood-plastic composites processed on a commercial-size extruder. Proceedings, 51st annual meeting of the international research group on wood protection . June, 10-11, 2020. 11 p.
- Liu, Yalan; Wang, Jinwu; Barth, John C.; Welsch, Kelly R.; McIntyre, Vincent; Wolcott, Michael P. 2020. Effects of multi-stage milling method on the energy consumption of comminuting forest residuals. Industrial Crops and Products. 145: 111955. 6 p.
- Yan, Qiangu; Zhang, Xuefeng; Li, Jinghao; Hassan, El Barbary; Wang, Chuji; Zhang, Jilei; Cai, Zhiyong. 2018. Catalytic conversion of Kraft lignin to bio-multilayer graphene materials under different atmospheres. Journal of Materials Science. 53(11): 8020-8029.
- Yermakov, Aleksey; Thompson, Andrew; Coaty, Christopher; Sabo, Ronald; Law, Chiu Tai; Elhajjar, Rani. 2020. Flexible magnetostrictive nanocellulose membranes for actuation, sensing, and energy harvesting applications. Frontiers in Materials. 7: 1. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmats.2020.00038.
- Zhang, Huilong; Li, Jinghao; Liu, Dong; Min, Seunghwan; Chang, Tzu-Hsuan; Xiong, Kanglin; Park, Sung Hyun; Kim, Jisoo; Jung, Yei Hwan; Park, Jeongpil; Lee, Juhwan; Han, Jung; Katehi, Linda; Cai, Zhiyong; Gong, Shaoqin; Ma, Zhenqiang. 2020. Heterogeneously integrated flexible microwave amplifiers on a cellulose nanofibril substrate. Nature Communications. 11(1): 1239. 11 p.
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Progress 10/01/12 to 09/30/19
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Our research work unit strives to meet the challenges and opportunities of our nation⿿s forest resources through mission-driven research on wood-based composites To grow the wood-based composites industry, it is necessary to develop composites that exceed current performance expectations or create new functionalities (e.g., lower cost, more adaptable, more reliable, lower maintenance, smarter) by combining them with other materials (e.g., innovative binder systems, other carbohydrates, metal/synthetic fibers, biopolymers, ) or finding new ways of structuring composites. Wood-based composites can also be engineered for specific end-performance characteristics by incorporating a wide variety of additives, resins, agricultural fibers, inorganic materials, non-wood synthetics, or three-dimensional design. Some of the opportunities offered by new advanced composites and nano-materials including optimized performance, minimized weight and volume, and cost effectiveness resistance to fatigue, chemicals, insects, heat and biodegradation. As we gain an understanding of the fundamentals of raw materials and processing there is a need to identify and quantify ways to improve the performance, durability and value of composites. FY 19 accomplishments include: wet compounding cellulose nanocrystals into polylactic acid for packaging applications; efficiently converting lignin waste to high value bio-graphene oxide nanomaterials; synthesizing graphene-encapsulated copper nanoparticles from kraft lignin; developing mass production of graphene materials from solid carbon sources using a molecular cracking and welding method; dispersing and stabilizing cellulose nanoparticles in acrylic resin dispersions with unreduced transparency and changed rheological property; evaluating the effect of wood ultrastructural changes from mechanical treatment on kinetics of monomeric sugars and chemicals production in acid bisulfite treatment; improving enzymatic digestibility of wood by a sequence of optimized milling procedures with final vibratory tube mills for the amorphization of cellulose; developing novel micronized woody biomass process for production of cost-effective clean fermentable sugars; and analyzing forest residue conversion to sugar using three-stage milling as pretreatment. PARTICIPANTS: Clemson University, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Mississippi State University, Washington State University TARGET AUDIENCES: Researchers and current/potential manufacturers of wood-based composites. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: We revised our Research Work Unit Description in 2017 and this problem area will be continued in the description.
Impacts
The goal of this research is to build upon the fundamental knowledge gained in Problem No. 1, then define and characterize various raw materials and processing options that can improve the performance of traditional composites or use that knowledge to develop new composites. We focused our studies to understand the effects of production and performance when wood-fibers are combined with non-wood cellulosic fibers. New evaluation techniques will be required to characterize novel or improved performance attributes, understand the mechanisms of how they perform, and determine best practices for their use.
Publications
- Brandt, Kristin L.; Gao, Johnway; Wang, Jinwu; Wooley, Robert J.; Wolcott, Michael. 2018. Techno-economic analysis of forest residue conversion to sugar using three-stage milling as pretreatment. Frontiers in Energy Research. 6. 11 p.
- Du, Lanxing; Zhong, Tuhua; Wolcott, Michael P.; Zhang, Yang; Qi, Chusheng; Zhao, Boshi; Wang, Jinwu; Yu, Zhiming. 2018. Dispersing and stabilizing cellulose nanoparticles in acrylic resin dispersions with unreduced transparency and changed rheological property. Cellulose. 25(4): 2435-2450.
- Fu, Yu; Gu, Bon-Jae; Wang, Jinwu; Gao, Johnway; Ganjyal, Girish M.; Wolcott, Michael P. 2018. Novel micronized woody biomass process for production of cost-effective clean fermentable sugars. Bioresource Technology. 260: 311-320.
- Leng, Weiqi; Barnes, H. Michael; Yan, Qiangu; Cai, Zhiyong; Zhang, Jilei. 2016. Low temperature synthesis of graphene-encapsulated copper nanoparticles from kraft lignin. Materials Letters. 185: 131-134.
- Li, Jinghao; Yan, Qiangu; Zhang, Xuefeng; Zhang, Jilei; Cai, Zhiyong. 2019. Efficient conversion of lignin waste to high value bio-graphene oxide nanomaterials. Polymers. 11(4). 12 p.
- Liu, Yalan; Wang, Jinwu; Wolcott, Michael P. 2017. Evaluating the effect of wood ultrastructural changes from mechanical treatment on kinetics of monomeric sugars and chemicals production in acid bisulfite treatment. Bioresource Technology. 226: 24-30.
- Sabo, Ronald C.; Stark, Nicole M.; Wei, Liqing; Matuana, Laurent M. 2019. Wet compounding of cellulose nanocrystals into polylactic acid for packaging applications. In: Proceedings, ANTEC 2019 ⿿ the plastics conference. 5 p.
- Wang, Jinwu; Gao, Johnway; Brandt, Kristin L.; Jiang, Jinxue; Liu, Yalan; Wolcott, Michael P. 2018. Improvement of enzymatic digestibility of wood by a sequence of optimized milling procedures with final vibratory tube mills for the amorphization of cellulose. Holzforschung. 72(6): 435-441.
- Yan, Qiangu; Li, Jinghao; Zhang, Xuefeng; Zhang, Jilei; Cai, Zhiyong. 2018. Synthetic bio-graphene based nanomaterials through different iron catalysts. Nanomaterials. 8(10). 19 p.
- Yan, Qiangu; Li, Jinghao; Zhang, Xuefeng; Zhang, Jilei; Cai, Zhiyong. 2019. Mass production of graphene materials from solid carbon sources using a molecular cracking and welding method. Journal of Materials Chemistry A. 7(23): 13978-13985.
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Progress 10/01/12 to 09/30/17
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Wood-based composites can also be engineered for specific end-performance characteristics by incorporating a wide variety of additives, resins, agricultural fibers, inorganic materials, non-wood synthetics, or three-dimensional design. Some of the opportunities offered by new advanced composites and nano-materials including optimized performance, minimized weight and volume, and cost effectiveness resistance to fatigue, chemicals, insects, heat and biodegradation. As we gain an understanding of the fundamentals of raw materials and processing there is a need to identify and quantify ways to improve the performance, durability and value of composites. FY 16 accomplishments include: investigating fatigue behavior of wood-fiber-based tri-axial engineered sandwich composite panels, simplified analytical model and balanced design approach for light-weight wood-based structural panel in bending, measuring dynamic viscoelasticity of full-size wood composite panels using a vibration testing method, oriented polyvinyl alcohol films using short cellulose nanofibrils as a reinforcement, developing endoglucanase post-milling treatment for producing cellulose nanofibrils from bleached eucalyptus fibers, and also developing cellulose nanofibers-templated three-dimension TiO2 hierarchical nanowire network for photoeletrochemical photoanode. PARTICIPANTS: - FPL staff, - University of Wisconsin-Madison - Mississippi State University - Washington State University - Beijing Forestry University - Chinese International Center of Bamboo and Rattan TARGET AUDIENCES: Researchers and current/potential manufacturers of composites. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: This problem area will be continued in the new Research Work Unit Description.
Impacts
The goal of this research is to build upon the fundamental knowledge gained in Problem No. 1, then define and characterize various raw materials and processing options that can improve the performance of traditional composites or use that knowledge to develop new composites. We focused our studies to understand the effects of production and performance when wood-fibers are combined with non-wood cellulosic fibers.
Publications
- Chen, Yao; Stark, Nicole M.; Tshabalala, Mandla A.; Gao, Jianmin; Fan, Yongming. 2016. Weathering characteristics of wood plastic composites reinforced with extracted or delignified wood flour. Materials. 9(610). DOI: 10.3390/ma9080610. 12 pp.
- Guan, Cheng; Zhang, Houjiang; Hunt, John F.; Yan, Haicheng. 2016. Determining shear modulus of thin wood composite materials using a cantilever beam vibration method. Construction and Building Materials. 121: 285-289.
- Guan, Cheng; Zhang, Houjiang; Hunt, John F.; Zhou, Lujing; Feng, Dan. 2016. Measurement of dynamic viscoelasticity of full-size wood composite panels using a vibration testing method. BioResources. 11(2): 4593-4604.
- Hamel, Scott E.; Hermanson, John C.; Cramer, Steven M. 2014. Predicting the flexure response of wood-plastic composites from uni-axial and shear data using a finite-element model. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering. 26(12): 9 p.
- Hamel, Scott E.; Hermanson, John C.; Cramer, Steven M. 2015. Mechanical and time-dependent behavior of wood-plastic composites subjected to bending. Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials. 28(5): 630-642.
- Li, Jinghao; Hunt, John F.; Gong, Shaoqin; Cai, Zhiyong. 2016. Fatigue behavior of wood-fiber-based tri-axial engineered sandwich composite panels (ESCP). Holzforschung. 70(6): 9 p.
- Matuana, L.M.; Karkhanis, S.S.; Stark, N. M.; Sabo, R.C. 2016. Cellulose nanocrystals as barrier performance enhancer of extrusion-blown PLA films for food applications. In: Proceedings, TechConnect. 22-25 May 2016, Washington DC.
- Peng, Jun; Ellingham, Thomas; Sabo, Ronald; Clemons, Craig M.; Turng, Lih-Sheng 2015. Oriented polyvinyl alcohol films using short cellulose nanofibrils as a reinforcement. Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 132(48): 42283 - 9 p.
- Seo, Jung-Hun; Chang, Tzu-Hsuan; Lee, Jaeseong; Sabo, Ronald; Zhou, Weidong; Cai, Zhiyong; Gong, Shaoqin; Ma, Zhenqiang. 2015. Microwave flexible transistors on cellulose nanofibrillated fiber substrates. Applied Physics Letters. 106(26): 262101-1--262101-4.
- Wang, Wangxia; Mozuch, Michael D.; Sabo, Ronald C.; Kersten, Phil; Zhu, J. Y.; Jin, Yongcan. 2016. Endoglucanase post-milling treatment for producing cellulose nanofibers from bleached eucalyptus fibers by a supermasscolloider. Cellulose. 23(3): 1859-1870.
- Zhai, Tianliang; Zheng, Qifeng; Cai, Zhiyong; Turng, Lih-Sheng; Xia, Hesheng; Gong, Shaoqin. 2015. Poly(vinyl alcohol)/cellulose nanofibril hybrid aerogels with an aligned microtubular porous structure and their composites with polydimethylsiloxane. ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces. 7(13): 7436-7444.
- Zhang, Houjiang; Hunt, John F.; Zhou, Lujing. 2015. Comparison of wood composite properties using cantilever-beam bending. BioResources. 10(2): 3070-3078.
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Progress 10/01/14 to 09/30/15
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Wood-based composites can also be designed for specific end-performance characteristics by incorporating a wide variety of additives, resins, agricultural fibers, inorganic materials, non-wood synthetics, or three-dimensional design. Some of the opportunities offered by new advanced composites and nano-materials including optimized performance, minimized weight and volume, and cost effectiveness resistance to fatigue, chemicals, insects, heat and biodegradation. As we gain an understanding of the fundamentals of raw materials and processing there is a need to identify and quantify ways to improve the performance, durability and value of composites. FY 15 accomplishments include: green synthesis of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-cellulose nanofibril (CNF) hybrid aerogels, high strength wood-based sandwich panels, lignin-based Phenol-Formaldehyde Resins from Purified CO2 Precipitated Kraft lignin, MDF using thermomechanical pulp made from oxalic acid pretreated rice straw particles, self-assembled optically transparent cellulose nanofibril films, reinforcing natural rubber with CNFs, development of reinforced hybrid wood-aluminum composites with excellent fire performance, and use of wood fibers as reinforcements in composites. PARTICIPANTS: - FPL staff - University of Wisconsin-Madison - Mississippi State University - Beijing Forestry University - Chinese International Center of Bamboo and Rattan TARGET AUDIENCES: Researchers and current/potential manufacturers of composites. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: This problem area will be continued in the new Research Work Unit Description.
Impacts
The goal of this research is to build upon the fundamental knowledge gained in Problem No. 1, then define and characterize various raw materials and processing options that can improve the performance of traditional composites or use that knowledge to develop new composites. We focused our studies to understand the effects of production and performance when wood-fibers are combined with non-wood cellulosic fibers.
Publications
- Cai, Zhiyong 2012. Wood Composite Laminates. In: Wiley Encyclopedia of Composites, Second Edition. Edited by Luigi Nicolais and Assunta Borzacchiello. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Published 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 8 p.
- Cai, Zhiyong 2012. Wood-Based Composite Board. In: Wiley Encyclopedia of Composites, Second Edition. Edited by Luigi Nicolais and Assunta Borzacchiello. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Published 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2012; 11 p.
- Kirker, Grant; Winandy, Jerrold 2014. Chapter 6: Above Ground Deterioration of Wood and Wood-Based Materials. In Deterioration and Protection of Sustainable Biomaterials; Schultz, T., et al.; ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 2014; pp. 114-129.
- Li, Jinghao; Hunt, John F.; Gong, Shaoqin; Cai, Zhiyong 2014. High Strength Wood-based Sandwich Panels reinforced with fiberglass and foam. BioResources, Volume 9, Number 2, 2014; pp. 1898-1913.
- Li, Jinghao; Hunt, John F.; Gong, Shaoqin; Cai, Zhiyong 2014. Wood-based Tri-Axial Sandwich Composite Materials: Design, Fabrication, Testing, Modeling and Application. CAMX Conference Proceedings. Orlando, FL, October 13-16, 2014. CAMX ⿿ The Composites and Advanced Materials Expo; 2014; 16 p.
- Liu, Zhijia; Jiang, Zehui; Cai, Zhiyong; Fei, Benhua; Liu, Xing'e 2012. The Manufacturing Process of Bamboo Pellets. In: Proceedings of the 55th International Convention of Society of Wood Science and Technology August 27-31, 2012 - Beijing, CHINA; 14 p.
- Lu, Keyang; White, Robert H.; Fu, Feng; Hou, Junfeng; Zhang, Yisheng; Gribbins, Neil; Cai, Zhiyong 2015. Reinforced hybrid wood-aluminum composites with excellent fire performance. Holzforschung, Vol. 69(8): 11 pages.
- Matuana, L.M.; Stark, N.M. 2015. Chapter 20: The use of wood fibers as reinforcements in composites. In: Biofiber Reinforcement in composite materials, Chapter 20; 2015; pp. 648-688.
- Qing, Yan; Sabo, Ronald; Wu, Yiqiang; Zhu, J.Y.; Cai, Zhiyong 2015. Self-assembled optically transparent cellulose nanofibril films: effect of nanofibril morphology and drying procedure. Cellulose, Volume 22, 2015; pp. 1094⿿1102.
- Wang, Wangxia; Sabo, Ronald C.; Mozuch, Michael D.; Kersten, Phil; Zhu, J. Y.; Jin, Yongcan 2015. Physical and Mechanical Properties of Cellulose Nanofibril Films from Bleached Eucalyptus Pulp by Endoglucanase Treatment and Microfluidization. Journal of Polymers and the Environment.
- Zhang, Chunmei; Zhai, Tianliang; Sabo, Ronald; Clemons, Craig; Dan, Yi; Turng, Lih-Sheng 2014. Reinforcing Natural Rubber with Cellulose Nanofibrils Extracted from Bleached Eucalyptus Kraft Pulp. Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy, Volume 8, 2014; pp. 317-324.
- Zheng, Qifeng; Cai, Zhiyong; Gong, Shaoqin 2014. Green Synthesis of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-cellulose nanofibril (CNF) hybrid aerogels and their use as superabsorbents. J Mater Chem A, Volume 2, 2014. pp. 3110-3118.
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Progress 10/01/13 to 09/30/14
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Composites can also be designed for specific end-performance characteristics by incorporating a wide variety of additives, resins, agricultural fibers, inorganic materials, non-wood synthetics, or three-dimensional design. Some of the opportunities offered by new advanced composites and nano-materials including optimized performance, minimized weight and volume, and cost effectiveness resistance to fatigue, chemicals, insects, heat and biodegradation. As we gain an understanding of the fundamentals of raw materials and processing there is a need to identify and quantify ways to improve the performance, durability and value of composites. FY 14 accomplishments include: evaluated moisture Performance of wood-plastic composites reinforced with extracted and delignified wood flour, investigated the effects of chemical and thermal modification of kraft lignin, developed high strength wood-based sandwich panels reinforced with fiberglass and foam, Fe-catalyzed thermal conversion of sodium lignosulfonate to graphene, explored short cellulose nanofribrils as reinforcement in polyvinyl alcohol fiber composites, examined static and dynamic characterization of cellulose nanofibril scaffold-based composites, completed green synthesis of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-cellulose nanofibril (CNF) hybrid aerogels and their use as super-absorbents, and investigated catalytic conversion wood syngas to synthetic aviation turbine fuels over a multifunctional catalysts. PARTICIPANTS: - FPL staff - University of Wisconsin-Madison - Technical University of Denmark - Mississippi State University - Beijing Forestry University - Chinese - International Center of Bamboo and Rattan TARGET AUDIENCES: Researchers and current/potential manufacturers of composites.
Impacts
The goal of this research is to build upon the fundamental knowledge gained in Problem No. 1, then define and characterize various raw materials and processing options that can improve the performance of traditional composites or use that knowledge to develop new composites. We focused our studies to understand the effects of production and performance when wood-fibers are combined with non-wood cellulosic fibers.
Publications
- Clausen, Carol A.; White, Robert H.; Wacker, James P.; Lebow, Stan T.; Dietenberger, Mark A.; Zelinka, Samuel L.; Stark, Nicole M. 2014. Laboratory investigation of fire protection coatings for creosote-treated timber railroad bridges. The International Research Group on Wood Protection, Section 3, Wood Protecting Chemicals, pp. 2-15; IRG/WP 14-30639; 2014.
- Ibach, Rebecca E.; Chen, Yao; Stark, Nicole M.; Tshabalala, Mandla A.; Fan, Yongming; Gao, Jianmin 2014. Decay resistance of wood-plastic composites reinforced with extracted or delignified wood flour. IRG/WP 14-40655, THE INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH GROUP ON WOOD PROTECTION Section 4, Processes and properties, Paper prepared for the 45th IRG Annual Meeting St George, Utah, USA, 11-15 May, 2014 pp. 2-9.
- Li, Jinghao; Hunt, John; Gong, Shaoqin; Cai, Zhiyong 2014. High Strength Wood-Based Sandwich Reinforced with Fiberglass and Foam. BioResources, Volume 2, 2014; pp. 1898-1913.
- Liu, Zhijia; Liu, Xing'e; Fei, Benhua; Jiang, Zehui; Cai, Zhiyong; Yu, Yan 2013. The properties of pellets from mixing bamboo and rice straw. Renewable Energy, Volume 55, 2013; pp. 1-5.
- Mun, Sung Phil; Cai, Zhiyong; Zhang, Jilei 2013. Fe-catalyzed thermal conversion of sodium lignosulfonate to graphene. Materials Letters, 100, 2013; pp. 180-183.
- Mun, Sung Phil; Cai, Zhiyong; Zhang, Jilei 2013. Magnetic separation of carbon-encapsulated Fe nanoparticles from thermally-treated wood char. Materials Letters, 96, 2013; pp. 5-7.
- Peng, Jun; Clemons, Craig; Sabo, Ronald; Ellingham, Tom; Tung, Lih-Sheng 2014. Short Cellulose Nanofibril/Polyvinyl Alcohol Nanocomposite Fibers. In: ANTEC 2014 The Plastics Conference, April 28-30, 2014, Rio All-Suite Hotel and Casino, Las Vegas, Nevada, SPE ANTEC, 2014; pp. 719-724.
- Peng, Jun; Ellingham, Thomas; Sabo, Ron; Turng, Lih-Sheng; Clemons, Craig M. 2014. Short cellulose nanofribrils as reinforcement in polyvinyl alcohol fiber. Cellulose, 2014; 11 p.
- Piao, Cheng; Cai, Zhiyong; Stark, Nicole M.; Montezun, Charles J. 2014. Dimensional stability of wood-plastic composites reinforced with potassium methyl siliconate modified fiber and sawdust made from beetle-killed trees. Eur. J. Wood Prod. Volume 72, 2014; pp. 165⿿176.
- Qamhia, Issam I.; Sabo, Ronald C.; Elhajjar, Rani F. 2014. Static and Dynamic Characterization of Cellulose Nanofibril Scaffold-Based Composites. BioResources Volume 9, Number 1, 2014; pp. 381-392.
- Shi, Zengqian; Cai, Zhiyong; Wang, Siqun; Zhong, Qixin; Bozell, Joseph J. 2013. Short-time ultrasonication treatment in enzymatic hydrolysis of biomass. Holzforschung, Volume 67, Number 8, 2013; pp. 891⿿897.
- Yan, Qiangu; Yu, Fei; Cai, Zhiyong; Zhang, Jilei 2012. Catalytic upgrading nitrogen-riched wood syngas to liquid hydrocarbon mixture over Fe-Pd/ZSM-5 catalyst. Biomass and Bioenergy, Volume 47, 2012; pp. 469-473.
- Yan, Qiangu; Yu, Fei; Liu, Jian; Street, Jason; Gao, Jinsen; Cai, Zhiyong; Zhang, Jilei 2013. Catalytic conversion wood syngas to synthetic aviation turbine fuels over a multifunctional catalyst. Bioresource Technology, Volume 127, 2013; pp. 281-290.
- Zhang, Chunmei; Dan, Yi; Peng, Jun; Turng, Lih-Sheng; Sabo, Ronald; Clemons, Craig 2014. Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Natural Rubber Composites Reinforced with Cellulose Nanocrystals from Southern Pine. Advances in Polymer Technology, Volume 00, Number 0, 2014; 7 p.
- Zheng, Qifeng; Javadi, Alireza; Sabo, Ronald; Cai, Zhiyong; Gong, Shaoqin 2013. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-cellulose nanofibril (CNF)-multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) hybrid organic aerogels with superior mechanical properties. RSC Adv., 2013, Volume 3, 2013; pp. 20816⿿20823.
- Chen, Yao; Fan, Yongming; Gao, Jianmin; Tshabalala, Mandla A.; Stark, Nicole M. 2012. Spectroscopic analysis of the role of extractives on heat-induced discoloration of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia). Wood Material Science & Engineering. p. 1-8. DOI: 10.1080/17480272.2012.669407.
- Chen, Yao; Stark, Nicole M.; Cai, Zhiyong; Frihart, Charles R.; Lorenz, Linda F.; Ibach, Rebecca E. 2014. Chemical Modification of Kraft Lignin: Effect on Chemical and Thermal Properties. BioResources, Volume 9, Number 3, 2047; pp. 5488-5500.
- Chen, Yao; Stark, Nicole M.; Tshabalala, Mandla A.; Gao, Jianmin; Fan, Yongming 2014. Moisture Performance of wood-plastic composites reinforced with extracted and delignified wood flour. In: the ANTEC 2014, The Plastics Conference, April 28-30, 2014 Rio All-Suite Holtel & Casino, Las Vegas, Nevada; SPE ANTEC 2014 pp. 2049-2053.
- Chen, Yao; Stark, Nicole M.; Tshabalala, Mandla A.; Gao, Jianmin; Fan, Yongming 2014. Properties of wood-plastic composites (WPCs) reinforced with extracted and delignified wood flour. Holzforschung 2014; 8 p.
- Chen, Yao; Tshabalala, Mandla A.; Gao, Jianmin; Stark, Nicole M.; Fan, Yongming; Ibach, Rebecca E. 2014. Thermal behavior of extracted and delignified pine wood flour. Thermochimica Acta Volume 591, 2014; pp. 40⿿44.
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Progress 10/01/12 to 09/30/13
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Some of the opportunities offered by new advanced composites and nano-materials including optimized performance, minimized weight and volume, and cost effectiveness resistance to fatigue, chemicals, insects, heat and biodegradation. Composites can also be designed for specific end-performance characteristics by incorporating a wide variety of additives, resins, agricultural fibers, inorganic materials, non-wood synthetics, or three-dimensional design. As we gain an understanding of the fundamentals of raw materials and processing there is a need to identify and quantify ways to improve the performance, durability and value of composites. FY 13 accomplishments include: analyzed bending performance of 3D engineering structural panels made from laminated paper and carbon fabric for advanced applications; applied Confocal Raman technique to characterize cellulose nanocrystal-polypropylene composite; improved fire performance of fiber board by coating with nano kaolin-clay; and improved the performance of cellulose nanofibril composites. PARTICIPANTS: - FPL staff - University of Wisconsin-Madison - Chinese Research Institute of Wood Industry - Technical University of Denmark - Mississippi State University - University of Notre Dame - Michigan State University - Beijing Forestry University TARGET AUDIENCES: Researchers and current/potential manufacturers of composites.
Impacts
The goal of this research is to build upon the fundamental knowledge gained in Problem No. 1, then define and characterize various raw materials and processing options that can improve the performance of traditional composites or use that knowledge to develop new composites. We focused our studies to understand the effects of production and performance when wood-fibers are combined with non-wood cellulosic fibers.
Publications
- Sabo, Ronald; Seo, Jung-Hun; Ma, Zhenqiang. 2013. Cellulose nanofibril composite substrates for flexible electronics. In: Postek, Michael T.; Moon, Robert J.; Rudie, Alan W.; Bilodeau, Michael A., eds. Production and Applications of Cellulose Nanomaterials. Peachtree Corners, GA: TAPPI Press. pp. 263-264, Chapter 2.3. ISBN: 978-1-59510-224-9.
- Sabo, Ronald; Zhu, J.Y. 2013. Integrated production of cellulose nanofibrils and cellulosic biofuel by enzymatic hydrolysis of wood fibers. In: Postek, Michael T.; Moon, Robert J.; Rudie, Alan W.; Bilodeau, Michael A., eds. Production and Applications of Cellulose Nanomaterials. Peachtree Corners, GA: TAPPI Press. pp. 191-193, Chapter 2.1. ISBN: 978-1-59510-224-9.
- Srithep, Yottha; Ellingham, Thomas; Peng, Jun; Sabo, Ronald; Clemons, Craig; Turng, Lih-Sheng; Pilla, Srikanth. 2013. Melt compounding of poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)/nanofibrillated cellulose nanocomposites. Polymer Degradation and Stability. 98: 1439-1449.
- Srithep, Yottha; Sabo, Ronald; Clemons, Craig; Turng, Lih-Sheng; Pilla, Srikanth; Peng, Jun. 2012. Effect of material parameters on mechanical properties of biodegradable polymers/nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) nano composites. In: Proceedings of the Polymer Processing Society 28th Annual Meeting - PPS-28. 2012 December 11-15; Pattaya, Thailand. Lawrence, KS: Polymer Processing Society. 5 p.
- Srithep, Yottha; Turn, Lih-Sheng; Ellingham, Thomas; Peng, Jun; Sabo, Ronald; Clemons, Craig. 2013. Melt compounding of poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-CO-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) / nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) nanocomposites: Properties and solubility of carbon dioxide. In: Proceedings of the ANTEC 2013 Conference. 2013 April 21-25; Cincinnati, OH. Newtown, CT: Society of Plastics Engineers. 6 p.
- Bridwell, James J.; Ross, Robert J.; Cai, Zhiyong; Kretschmann, David E. 2013. USDA Forest Products Laboratory's debris launcher. Research Note, FPL-RN-0329. Madison, WI: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory. 17 p.
- Clemons, Craig M.; Rowell, Roger M.; Plackett, David; Segerholm, B. Kristoffer. 2013. Wood/nonwood thermoplastic composites. In: Rowell, Roger, ed. Handbook of Wood Chemistry and Wood Composites, Second edition. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. 473-508. Chapter 13.
- Clemons, Craig; Sedlmair, Julia; Illman, Barbara; Ibach, Rebecca; Hirschmugl, Carol. 2013. Chemically imaging the effects of the addition of nanofibrillated cellulose on the distribution of poly(acrylic acid) in poly(vinyl alcohol). Polymer. 54(8): 2058-2061.
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