Progress 06/16/09 to 08/09/10
Outputs
Progress Report Objectives (from AD-416) To demonstrate the technical feasibility of using isolated enzymes in nonaqueous media to functionally modify vegetable oils on a scale suitable for commercial deployment. Optimize a pilot-scale system for non-aqueous enzymatic transformation of soybean oil to high value products with novel functional groups and properties, such as feruloylated monoacyl- and diacylglycerides, for food and non-food applications. Create a flexible, durable and environmentally benign platform technology for the bioelectrocatalytic transformation of plant triglycerides and phospholipids to higher-value products. Approach (from AD-416) Processes for producing modified plant lipids with novel and valuable functional properties are essential for developing new markets for commodity vegetable oils. Furthermore, these processes and products should have minimal adverse impact on the environment and pose no threat to plant operators and the surrounding community. It is the premise of this proposal that using isolated enzymes in selected nonaqueous media can meet these design goals. Two distinctly different approaches are considered. One approach, for enzymes not having complex cofactor requirements, employs soybean oil as a solvent as well as a reactant, while the other approach, for enzymes having more substantial structural and cofactor needs, places the enzyme in a highly structured environ and specifically tailored media. In the first approach, synthesis of a patented product is examined to optimize reaction variables for pre-commercial production. The second approach addresses several fundamental issues regarding ex vivo use of membrane- associated enzymes for the bioelectrocatalytic transformation of phospholipids and triglycerides. Taken together, new knowledge will be gained and useful processes will be developed that can deliver value- added vegetable oil derivatives for consumers and industry. This report documents accomplishments for the research project 3620-41000- 144-00D, entitled Biocatalytic Functionalization of Plant Lipids. Research focuses on developing novel derivatives of vegetable oils for use in a variety of personal care and industrial products. Novel hydroxylated or phytochemical-substituted oils were biocatalytically produced and tested for efficacy in skin care applications. Thermochemical methods for altering oils to make important industrial chemicals were also developed. These novel bioproducts will provide consumers with renewable alternatives to petroleum-based products. Accomplishments 01 ANTIOXIDANT PERFORMANCE OF A VEGETABLE OIL-BASED SKIN CARE ACTIVE INGREDIENT. In response to the health and beauty-aid industry�s demand f natural and bio-based ingredients, Renewable Product Technology Research Unit (RPT) scientists at the National Center for Agricultural Utilizatio Research Center (NCAUR), in Peoria, Illinois, demonstrated that a new molecule derived from vegetable oil and ferulic acid can be used to enhance skin appearance. From prior tests, it is known that this compoun possesses excellent ultraviolet absorbing properties. We have now confirmed that the new molecule also displays good antioxidant propertie Analytical testing confirmed that the new molecule incorporates well int model cellular membranes and can protect membranes from adverse environmental conditions that would normally lead to the degradation of membrane components. Developing such novel, value-added uses for commodi crops and oils expands domestic market opportunities, which enhances the competitiveness and sustainability of rural and farm economies. 02 CHARACTERIZATION OF EFFECTS OF IONIC LIQUID ON PHOSPHOLIPID MEMBRANE IS LIPID DEPENDENT. In response to the need to replace organic solvents in processing phospholipids from vegetable oils, Renewable Product Technolo Research Unit (RPT) scientists, at the National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research Center (NCAUR), in Peoria, Illinois demonstrated th one type of liquid salt (non-aqueous media) can have distinctive interactions with individual phospholipids. Tests indicate that liquid salts may have the potential for selectively extracting phospholipids. Understanding the specifics of these interactions can lead to reduced us of organic solvents which have undesirable costs and effects on the environment. 03 INDUSTRIAL CHEMICALS FROM THE CATALYTIC PYROLYSIS OF LIPIDS AND BIOMASS. Renewable Product Technology Research Unit (RPT) scientists at the National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research (NCAUR), in Peoria IL have determined the structure-function relationship of inorganic catalysts for the formation of value-added, industrial chemicals from th pyrolysis (heating in the absence of oxygen) of lipids and biomass. Building on over 100 years of experience in catalytic conversions in petroleum refining industry, we have modified traditional refining catalysts to more efficiently produce industrial chemicals from the pyrolysis of biomass. For example, employing a Ni-impregnated beta-zeoli in the pyrolysis of hard wood biomass increases the production of furans and furfurals, industrially important commodity chemicals. Another benef of this catalyst was the concomitant increased production of hydrogen in the pyrolysis conversion. Developing such novel, value-added uses for commodity crops and oils waste streams expands domestic market opportunities, which enhances the competitiveness and sustainability of rural and farm economies.
Impacts
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Publications
- Laszlo, J.A., Evans, K.O., Vermillion, K., Appell, M.D. 2010. Feruloyl dioleoyglycerol antioxidant capacity in phospholipid vesicles. Journal of Agricultural Food and Chemistry. 58:5842-5850.
- Biswas, A., Selling, G.W., Woods, K.K., Evans, K.O. 2009. Surface modification of zein films. Industrial Crops and Products. 30(169):168-171.
- Behle, R.W., Compton, D.L., Laszlo, J.A., Shapiro Ilan, D.I. 2009. Evaluation of soyscreen in an oil-based formulation for UV protection of Beauveria bassiana Conidia. Journal of Economic Entomology. 102(5):1759- 1766.
- Eller, F.J., Taylor, S.L., Laszlo, J.A., Compton, D.L., Teel, J.A. 2009. Counter-current carbon dioxide purification of partially deacylated sunflower oil. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society. 86:277-282.
- Jackson, M.A., Compton, D.L., Boateng, A.A. 2009. Screening heterogenous catalysts for the pyrolysis of lignin. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis. 85:226-230.
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