Progress 10/01/11 to 09/30/12
Outputs
Progress Report Objectives (from AD-416): To assess resistance among Salmonella and E. coli originating from bovine sources to 4th generation cephalosporins over time. NARMS isolates will be used and results will be compared to previous studies as well as to 17 other antimicrobials. Secondly, to assess resistance among Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium originating from bovine and porcine sources to macrolides over time. Approach (from AD-416): Bacterial will be cloned and a single clonotype will be tested for resistance to a custom made panel of antimicrobials important in human and veterinary medicine using the semi automated broth microdilution sensititre system. This project is related to a portion of objective 1 of this in-house project: To elucidate and provide descriptive data, such as prevalence and/or trends, including antimicrobial susceptibilities, and molecular subtyping for food borne pathogens in food animals through the animal sampling arm of the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System - Enteric Bacteria (NARMS) program. It is also related to objective 2 of this in-house project: Be a national resource of enteric bacterial isolates and resistance data for food animals from NARMS and US-VetNet. We are continuing to test Salmonella and generic E. coli isolates originating from cattle collected as part of the animal arm of NARMS originating from cattle specimens on antimicrobials cefquinome sulfate and cefepime. These antimicrobials belong to a class of drugs called cephalosporins which are used to treat serious infections in both humans and animals. Additionally, all isolates are undergoing molecular analysis to determine which gene may be responsible for any decreased susceptibilities which are observed as well as detection of extended spectrum Beta-lactamases, enzymes which confer resistance to cephalosporin antimicrobials. Results from this testing will facilitate the identification of resistance as it arises and provide descriptive historical data on the extent and temporal trends of antimicrobial susceptibility to these drugs once they reach the veterinary community. Approximately 2,000 isolates from cattle have been tested over the life of this project.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 10/01/10 to 09/30/11
Outputs
Progress Report Objectives (from AD-416) To assess resistance among Salmonella and E. coli originating from bovine sources to 4th generation cephalosporins over time. NARMS isolates will be used and results will be compared to previous studies as well as to 17 other antimicrobials. Secondly, to assess resistance among Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium originating from bovine and porcine sources to macrolides over time. Approach (from AD-416) Bacterial will be cloned and a single clonotype will be tested for resistance to a custom made panel of antimicrobials important in human and veterinary medicine using the semi automated broth microdilution sensititre system. This project is related to objective 1 of this in-house project: To use antibiotic resistance data obtained from the Collaboration on Animal Health and Food Safety Epidemiology (CAHFSE) and the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System - Enteric Bacteria (NARMS) programs and poultry studies to identify sources, reservoirs and amplifiers of resistant food borne and commensal bacteria, as well as the path of dissemination of these resistant bacteria in food producing animals and poultry. Results may be used for risk assessment and in developing mitigation strategies. We are continuing to test Salmonella and generic E. coli isolates originating from cattle ollected as part of the animal arm of NARMS originating from cattle specimens on antimicrobials cefquinome sulfate and cefepime. These antimicrobials belong to a class of drugs called cephalosporins which are used to treat serious infections in both humans and animals. Additionally, all isolates are undergoing molecular analysis to determine which gene may be responsible for any decreased susceptibilities which are observed as well as detection of extended spectrum Beta-lactamases, enzymes which confer resistance to cephalosporin antimicrobials. Results from this testing will facilitate the identification of resistance as it arises and provide descriptive historical data on the extent and temporal trends of antimicrobial susceptibility to these drugs once they reach the veterinary community.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 10/01/09 to 09/30/10
Outputs
Progress Report Objectives (from AD-416) To assess resistance among Salmonella and E. coli originating from bovine sources to 4th generation cephalosporins over time. NARMS isolates will be used and results will be compared to previous studies as well as to 17 other antimicrobials. Secondly, to assess resistance among Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium originating from bovine and porcine sources to macrolides over time. Approach (from AD-416) Bacterial will be cloned and a single clonotype will be tested for resistance to a custom made panel of antimicrobials important in human and veterinary medicine using the semi automated broth microdilution sensititre system. This project is related to objective 1 of this in-house project: To use antibiotic resistance data obtained from the Collaboration on Animal Health and Food Safety Epidemiology (CAHFSE) and the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System - Enteric Bacteria (NARMS) programs and poultry studies to identify sources, reservoirs and amplifiers of resistant food borne and commensal bacteria, as well as the path of dissemination of these resistant bacteria in food producing animals and poultry. Results may be used for risk assessment and in developing mitigation strategies. We are continuing to test Salmonella and generic E. coli isolates originating from cattle ollected as part of the animal arm of NARMS originating from cattle specimens on antimicrobials cefquinome sulfate and cefepime. These antimicrobials belong to a class of drugs called cephalosporins which are used to treat serious infections in both humans and animals. Additionally, all isolates are undergoing molecular analysis to determine which gene may be responsible for any decreased susceptibilities which are observed as well as detection of extended spectrum Beta-lactamases, enzymes which confer resistance to cephalosporin antimicrobials. Results from this testing will facilitate the identification of resistance as it arises and provide descriptive historical data on the extent and temporal trends of antimicrobial susceptibility to these drugs once they reach the veterinary community.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 10/01/08 to 09/30/09
Outputs
Progress Report Objectives (from AD-416) To assess resistance among Salmonella and E. coli originating from bovine sources to 4th generation cephalosporins over time. NARMS isolates will be used and results will be compared to previous studies as well as to 17 other antimicrobials. Secondly, to assess resistance among Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium originating from bovine and porcine sources to macrolides over time. Approach (from AD-416) Bacterial will be cloned and a single clonotype will be tested for resistance to a custom made panel of antimicrobials important in human and veterinary medicine using the semi automated broth microdilution sensititre system. Significant Activities that Support Special Target Populations This project is related to objective 1 of this in-house project: To use antibiotic resistance data obtained from the Collaboration on Animal Health and Food Safety Epidemiology (CAHFSE) and the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System - Enteric Bacteria (NARMS) programs and poultry studies to identify sources, reservoirs and amplifiers of resistant food borne and commensal bacteria, as well as the path of dissemination of these resistant bacteria in food producing animals and poultry. Results may be used for risk assessment and in developing mitigation strategies. We are continuing to test Salmonella and generic E. coli isolates originating from cattle ollected as part of the animal arm of NARMS originating from cattle specimens on antimicrobials cefquinome sulfate and cefepime. These antimicrobials belong to a class of drugs called cephalosporins which are used to treat serious infections in both humans and animals. Additionally, all isolates are undergoing molecular analysis to determine which gene may be responsible for any decreased susceptibilities which are observed as well as detection of extended spectrum Beta-lactamases, enzymes which confer resistance to cephalosporin antimicrobials. Results from this testing will facilitate the identification of resistance as it arises and provide descriptive historical data on the extent and temporal trends of antimicrobial susceptibility to these drugs once they reach the veterinary community.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 10/01/07 to 09/30/08
Outputs
Progress Report Objectives (from AD-416) To assess resistance among Salmonella and E. coli originating from bovine sources to 4th generation cephalosporins over time. NARMS isolates will be used and results will be compared to previous studies as well as to 17 other antimicrobials. Secondly, to assess resistance among Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium originating from bovine and porcine sources to macrolides over time. Approach (from AD-416) Bacterial will be cloned and a single clonotype will be tested for resistance to a custom made panel of antimicrobials important in human and veterinary medicine using the semi automated broth microdilution sensititre system. Significant Activities that Support Special Target Populations This project is related to objective 1 of this in-house project: To use antibiotic resistance data obtained from the Collaboration on Animal Health and Food Safety Epidemiology (CAHFSE) and the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System - Enteric Bacteria (NARMS) programs and poultry studies to identify sources, reservoirs and amplifiers of resistant food borne and commensal bacteria, as well as the path of dissemination of these resistant bacteria in food producing animals and poultry. Results may be used for risk assessment and in developing mitigation strategies. We are continuing to test Salmonella and generic E. coli isolates collected as part of the animal arm of NARMS originating from cattle specimens on antimicrobials cefquinome sulfate and cefepime. These antimicrobials belong to a class of drugs called cephalosporins which are used to treat serious infections in both humans and animals. Additionally, all isolates are undergoing molecular analysis to determine which gene may be responsible for any decreased susceptibilities which are observed as well as detection of extended spectrum Beta-lactamases, enzymes which confer resistance to cephalosporin antimicrobials. Results from this testing will facilitate the identification of resistance as it arises and provide descriptive historical data on the extent and temporal trends of antimicrobial susceptibility to these drugs once they reach the veterinary community.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 10/01/06 to 09/30/07
Outputs
Progress Report Objectives (from AD-416) To assess resistance among Salmonella and E. coli originating from bovine sources to 4th generation cephalosporins over time. NARMS isolates will be used and results will be compared to previous studies as well as to 17 other antimicrobials. Approach (from AD-416) Bacterial will be cloned and a single clonotype will be tested for resistance to a custom made panel of antimicrobials important in human and veterinary medicine using the semi automated broth microdilution sensititre system. Significant Activities that Support Special Target Populations This report serves to document research conducted under an Interagency Agreement between ARS and Intervet International. Additional details of research can be found in the report for the parent research project 6612- 32000-002-00D Epidemiology, Ecology, and Molecular Genetics of Antimicrobial Resistance in Pathogenic and Commensal Bacteria from Food Animals. We are testing Salmonella and generic E. coli isolates collected as part of the animal arm of NARMS originating from cattle specimens on antimicrobials cefquinome sulfate and cefepime. These antimicrobials belong to a class of drugs called cephalosporins which are used to treat serious infections in both humans and animals. Additionally, isolates all isolates are undergoing molecular analysis to determine which genes may be responsible for any decreased susceptibilities which are observed. Results from this testing will facilitate the identification of resistance as it arises and provide descriptive historical data on the extent and temporal trends of antimicrobial susceptibility to these drugs once they reach the veterinary community.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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