Progress 09/28/06 to 09/27/11
Outputs
Progress Report Objectives (from AD-416) Utilize the three new QTLs identified for resistance to frosty pod disease at Miami to select in breeding populations for resistant genotypes. Validate the efficiency of selection from the markers with phenotypic data from field screenings. Continue with the evaluation for yield and quality characteristics. Increase the data analysis capacity with our collaborators in Ecuador at the INIAP Research Station that are also selecting for frosty pod and witches broom resistance. Approach (from AD-416) The partial evaluation of an F1 hybrid field trial comprising 34 families and two segregating populations was the most outstanding activity carried out during the period 2004-2005. These new experimental areas, together with other trials established by CATIE during previous years, are the basis of the current and future clonal selection and collaborative studies between the USDA and CATIE. Selection trials for frosty pod resistance, comprising approximately six hectares of land where selected families known to be segregating for resistance, have been planted and partially evaluated. Four grafted plants per tree plus the original seedling permits us to separate and estimate precisely the genetic and environmental components related to outstanding characteristics such as yield potential, disease resistance and industrial quality in individual genotypes within segregating progenies. The maintenance and continued phenotypic evaluation of these families and clones must be continued for the next five years to evaluate MAS and select superior individuals. Individuals within families are being selected based on molecular markers linked to QTL for frosty pod and witches� broom resistance. These selections are then validated in the field at CATIE. In addition to the work in Costa Rica, collaborative USDA projects exist with INIAP at EET in Pichilingue, Ecuador that complement the work in Costa Rica. This project is related to the inhouse objective: The development and implementation of an international Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) program for cacao is the major objecive of this project. This objective involves a combination of hypothesis-driven and non-hypothesis driven research and includes the training of scientists from cacao producing countries in plant breeding, genetics, and the use of molecular markers in a MAS program. Phenotypic data continues to be collected on our experimental plots at the La Lola farm and among the mapping population at Turrialba. The location of genes controlling self-compatibility in cacao have been identified in the mapping population of Tipo (UF 273) x �Pound 7�. Analysis of differential gene expression is currently underway to identify genes involved in the self-incompatibility reaction; however, results to date have been inconclusive. This project has been monitored through regular conference calls, emails, and two visits by ARS scientists to the project in the past year.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 10/01/09 to 09/30/10
Outputs
Progress Report Objectives (from AD-416) Utilize the three new QTLs identified for resistance to frosty pod disease at Miami to select in breeding populations for resistant genotypes. Validate the efficiency of selection from the markers with phenotypic data from field screenings. Continue with the evaluation for yield and quality characteristics. Increase the data analysis capacity with our collaborators in Ecuador at the INIAP Research Station that are also selecting for frosty pod and witches broom resistance. Approach (from AD-416) The partial evaluation of an F1 hybrid field trial comprising 34 families and two segregating populations was the most outstanding activity carried out during the period 2004-2005. These new experimental areas, together with other trials established by CATIE during previous years, are the basis of the current and future clonal selection and collaborative studies between the USDA and CATIE. Selection trials for frosty pod resistance, comprising approximately six hectares of land where selected families known to be segregating for resistance, have been planted and partially evaluated. Four grafted plants per tree plus the original seedling permits us to separate and estimate precisely the genetic and environmental components related to outstanding characteristics such as yield potential, disease resistance and industrial quality in individual genotypes within segregating progenies. The maintenance and continued phenotypic evaluation of these families and clones must be continued for the next five years to evaluate MAS and select superior individuals. Individuals within families are being selected based on molecular markers linked to QTL for frosty pod and witches� broom resistance. These selections are then validated in the field at CATIE. In addition to the work in Costa Rica, collaborative USDA projects exist with INIAP at EET in Pichilingue, Ecuador that complement the work in Costa Rica. This research relates to inhouse objective: The development and implementation of an international Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) program for cacao is the major objective of this project. This objective involves a combination of hypothesis-driven and non-hypothesis driven research and includes the training of scientists from cacao producing countries in plant breeding, genetics, and the use of molecular markers in a MAS program. Two new clones, CATIE R4 and CATIE R6 were released from the breeding program this year. Both are high yielding, 1000 -1500 Kg/ha, and resistant to FP and BP diseases. Phenotypic data continues to be taken on our experimental plots at the La Lola farm and among the mapping population at Turrialba. The location of genes controlling self- compatibility in cacao is a major objective of this project and self and cross pollinations have been performed in the mapping population UF 273 x Pound 7. A major QTL for self-compatibility has been identified on linkage group 4. Analysis of differential gene expression is currently underway to identify genes involved in the self -incompatibility reaction. Monitoring Activities: This project has been managed through regular conference calls, emails, and two visits by Miami scientists to the project in the past year.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 10/01/08 to 09/30/09
Outputs
Progress Report Objectives (from AD-416) Utilize the three new QTLs identified for resistance to frosty pod disease at Miami to select in breeding populations for resistant genotypes. Validate the efficiency of selection from the markers with phenotypic data from field screenings. Continue with the evaluation for yield and quality characteristics. Increase the data analysis capacity with our collaborators in Ecuador at the INIAP Research Station that are also selecting for frosty pod and witches broom resistance. Approach (from AD-416) The partial evaluation of an F1 hybrid field trial comprising 34 families and two segregating populations was the most outstanding activity carried out during the period 2004-2005. These new experimental areas, together with other trials established by CATIE during previous years, are the basis of the current and future clonal selection and collaborative studies between the USDA and CATIE. Selection trials for frosty pod resistance, comprising approximately six hectares of land where selected families known to be segregating for resistance, have been planted and partially evaluated. Four grafted plants per tree plus the original seedling permits us to separate and estimate precisely the genetic and environmental components related to outstanding characteristics such as yield potential, disease resistance and industrial quality in individual genotypes within segregating progenies. The maintenance and continued phenotypic evaluation of these families and clones must be continued for the next five years to evaluate MAS and select superior individuals. Individuals within families are being selected based on molecular markers linked to QTL for frosty pod and witches� broom resistance. These selections are then validated in the field at CATIE. In addition to the work in Costa Rica, collaborative USDA projects exist with INIAP at EET in Pichilingue, Ecuador that complement the work in Costa Rica. Significant Activities that Support Special Target Populations This project is related to the objective of the in-house project: The development and implementation of an international Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) program for cacao is the major objective of this project. This objective involves a combination of hypothesis-driven and non- hypothesis driven research and includes the training of scientists from cacao producing countries in plant breeding, genetics, and the use of molecular markers in a MAS program. Phenotypic data continues to be taken on our experimental plots at the La Lola farm and among the mapping population at Turrialba. The location of genes controlling self-compatibility in cacao is a major objective of this project and self and cross pollinations have been performed in the mapping population UF 273 x Pound 7. Flowers were harvested at a number of different times after pollination for RNA extraction. Analysis of differential gene expression is currently underway to identify genes involved in the self-incompatibility reaction. Project was monitored through regular conference calls, emails, and two visits by Miami scientists to the project in the past year.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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Progress 10/01/07 to 09/30/08
Outputs
Progress Report Objectives (from AD-416) Utilize the three new QTLs identified for resistance to frosty pod disease at Miami to select in breeding populations for resistant genotypes. Validate the efficiency of selection from the markers with phenotypic data from field screenings. Continue with the evaluation for yield and quality characteristics. Increase the data analysis capacity with our collaborators in Ecuador at the INIAP Research Station that are also selecting for frosty pod and witches broom resistance. Approach (from AD-416) The partial evaluation of an F1 hybrid field trial comprising 34 families and two segregating populations was the most outstanding activity carried out during the period 2004-2005. These new experimental areas, together with other trials established by CATIE during previous years, are the basis of the current and future clonal selection and collaborative studies between the USDA and CATIE. Selection trials for frosty pod resistance, comprising approximately six hectares of land where selected families known to be segregating for resistance, have been planted and partially evaluated. Four grafted plants per tree plus the original seedling permits us to separate and estimate precisely the genetic and environmental components related to outstanding characteristics such as yield potential, disease resistance and industrial quality in individual genotypes within segregating progenies. The maintenance and continued phenotypic evaluation of these families and clones must be continued for the next five years to evaluate MAS and select superior individuals. Individuals within families are being selected based on molecular markers linked to QTL for frosty pod and witches� broom resistance. These selections are then validated in the field at CATIE. In addition to the work in Costa Rica, collaborative USDA projects exist with INIAP at EET in Pichilingue, Ecuador that complement the work in Costa Rica. Significant Activities that Support Special Target Populations This project is related to the objective of the parent in-house project: The development and implementation of an international Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) program for cacao is the major objective of this project. This objective involves a combination of hypothesis-driven and non- hypothesis driven research and includes the training of scientists from cacao producing countries in plant breeding, genetics, and the use of molecular markers in a MAS program. Five quantitative trait loci for frosty pod resistance and two quantitative trait loci for black pod resistance were identified in an F1 population from Centro Agronomico Tropical de Investigaci�n. These quantitative trait loci are now being used in the Marker Assisted Selection program to select for frosty pod resistance in West Africa. New crosses among the F1 mapping population have been made to identify new quantitative trait loci for self-compatibility in cacao and field evaluation of our breeding trials has continued for another year. Phenotypic data continues to be taken on our experimental plots at the La Lola farm and the location of genes controlling self-compatibility in cacao is under investigation. Monitoring has been through conference calls and regular emails. In addition two scientists from Miami made site visits this year to review the project.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
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