Progress 05/16/06 to 09/30/07
Outputs
Progress Report Objectives (from AD-416) The objective of this cooperative research project is to measure the enteric emissions of dairy cattle. This will be achieved by monitoring emissions of both dry and lactating cows in controlled environmental chambers. Compounds to be monitored include volatile fatty acids, and phenolic compounds. Approach (from AD-416) Volatile fatty acids, phenols, and amines will be measured from Holstein cows and their waste in an environmental chamber at UC-Davis. Measurements of seven airborne volatile fatty acids (VFA) and five phenolic compounds potentially emitted from dairy cows and their wastes will be collected and analyzed on a thermal desorption GC-MS system. Samples will be collected on multi-bed sorbent tubes containing Carbopack C and Carbopack X packing material (ratio 3:8). Data generated in this study will be used to estimate emissions of VOC from dairy operations. Significant Activities that Support Special Target Populations This report serves to document research conducted under a Reimbursable Agreement between the ARS and the University of California-Davis. Additional details of research can be found in the report for the parent project 3625-31000-003-00D entitled: Reduction of Nutrient Loses and Aerial Emissions from Livestock Production Facilities. The goal of this cooperative research project was to determine the emission of volatile fatty acids and phenolic compounds from dairy cows and their fresh waste. The main part of the study used in the report to the California Air Resources Board (CARB) was completed June 2006. Results from this study confirm that emission numbers from dairy cows generated from modeled data using questionable assumptions and data grossly over predicted actual emission levels of dairy cows and their waste. The data from this study will be used by CARB and other regional air quality districts to set regulatory policies governing dairies in California. Additional work on this study was conducted in May 2007 for validating the environmental chamber of the study. The validation study demonstrated that there was loss of acetic acid on the chamber walls. One journal article reporting the emission of greenhouse gases along with ozone forming precursors was submitted to the Journal of Environmental Quality, while another paper based on methods used was submitted to and accepted for publication by Atmospheric Environment. Monitoring Activities: 1) Phone conversations with PI prior to and after study validation was completed; 2) Emails to the PI (Principal Investigator) confirming results and calculations; and 3) Emails to the PI for completion of journal articles.
Impacts
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Progress 10/01/05 to 09/30/06
Outputs
Progress Report 4d Progress report. This report serves to document research conducted under a reimbursable agreement between the ARS and the University of California-Davis. Additional details of research can be found in the report for the parent project 3625-31000-003-00D entitled: Reduction of Nutrient Losses and Aerial Emissions from Livestock Production Facilities. The objective of this cooperative research project was to determine the emission of volatile fatty acids and phenolic compounds from dairy cows and their fresh waste. The study was initiated due to modeled emission inventories showing dairy cows and their waste as being a major source of regional air pollutants in California; however, data on their actual emissions was sparse, particularly for smog-forming volatile organic compounds (VOC) and greenhouse gases (GHG). The study demonstrated that volatile fatty acids and phenols were emitted at very low levels. Total emission of VFAs per cow per year
was less than 160 grams when previously it was estimated at close to 7 kg per cow per year. Total emission of phenolic compounds per cow per year was a little over 100 grams. Results from this study demonstrate that modeled emission inventories for dairy cows and their waste grossly over predicted actual emissions. This data will be used by California Air Resources Board and other regional air quality districts to set regulatory policies governing dairies in California.
Impacts
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