Progress 10/01/08 to 09/30/09
Outputs
Progress Report Objectives (from AD-416) Identify the active components of the sex pheromone for O. sacchari, 2) Synthesize the pheromone and validate attractiveness in lab and field, 3) determine seasonal pattern of O. sacchari in dracaena, pineapple and coffee planting, and 4) determine optimal timing of control based on pheromone-based trapping data. Approach (from AD-416) Our approach is to collect authentic pheromone from live �calling� females and/or clipped abdominal tips and using headspace collection and or tip extraction to identify the chemicals present using GC-MS. Electrophysiological studies will be employed to identify active constituents using GC-EAD on male moth antenna. Those with activity will be tested and formulated for activity against the putative pheromone in a flight tunnel bioassay and if possible in the field. Next, the pheromone will be synthesized and pheromonal-based lures used to conduct field evaluations. Specifically, we would like to correlate moth capture to field populations and damage levels in the different cropping systems unique to Hawaii. Lastly, we hope to use pheromone trap capture as a predictive tool to assess the timing of control tactics. Documents Trust Agreement with Hawaii Dept. of Agriculture. Log 32462. Significant Activities that Support Special Target Populations Banana moth males were trapped in papaya plantations to determine the relative attractiveness of different forms of octadecadienal and whether attraction could be enhanced by the addition of its corresponding alcohol. Rubber septa treated with attractive chemicals were placed in Jackson sticky traps at a height of one meter off the ground. Traps holding virgin females served as experimental controls. Results indicated that (E, Z)-2,13-octadecadienal attracted more males than (Z,Z)-2,13- octadecadienal. Attraction was not improved for either of these compounds when the corresponding stereoisomeric alcohol was added at ratios of 1:1, 1:10 or 1:100 (alcohol/aldehyde). Jackson sticky traps containing 250 mg lures of (E,Z)-2,13-octadecadienal caught as many males as did traps holding virgin females. Using the (E,Z)-2,13-octadecadienal, monitoring of banana moth populations is being carried out at six sites in East Hawaii to determine the seasonality and spatial pattern of population fluctuations. Progress is monitored through meetings with cooperator, telephone and email communications, and progress reporting.
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Progress 10/01/07 to 09/30/08
Outputs
Progress Report Objectives (from AD-416) Identify the active components of the sex pheromone for O. sacchari, 2) Synthesize the pheromone and validate attractiveness in lab and field, 3) determine seasonal pattern of O. sacchari in dracaena, pineapple and coffee planting, and 4) determine optimal timing of control based on pheromone-based trapping data. Approach (from AD-416) Our approach is to collect authentic pheromone from live �calling� females and/or clipped abdominal tips and using headspace collection and or tip extraction to identify the chemicals present using GC-MS. Electrophysiological studies will be employed to identify active constituents using GC-EAD on male moth antenna. Those with activity will be tested and formulated for activity against the putative pheromone in a flight tunnel bioassay and if possible in the field. Next, the pheromone will be synthesized and pheromonal-based lures used to conduct field evaluations. Specifically, we would like to correlate moth capture to field populations and damage levels in the different cropping systems unique to Hawaii. Lastly, we hope to use pheromone trap capture as a predictive tool to assess the timing of control tactics. Documents Trust Agreement with Hawaii Dept. of Agriculture. Log 32462. Significant Activities that Support Special Target Populations Gas chromatograph/mass spectrometric analysis of excised female glands and/or headspace collection of volatiles from calling feamles has allowed the tentative identification of 2(or 3), Z13-octadecadienal and 2(or 3), Z13-octadecadienol as sex pheromone components of the Banana moth, Opogona sacchari. Electrophysiological experiments have shown responses to synthetic standards and recently moth procduced compounds have elicited electroantennographic responses. Candidate compounds have been procured and/or synthesized to facilitate ongoing characterization of putative moth pheromone components and subsequent field trapping. In preliminary field trapping with synthetic lures, individual components and mixtures of 2(or 3)-Z13-octadecadienal and 3,Z13-octadecadienol, have shown significant catches, equaling or surpassing virgin female O. sacchari baited traps. Progress is monitored through meetings with cooperator, telephone and email communications and progress reporting.
Impacts
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Progress 10/01/06 to 09/30/07
Outputs
Progress Report Objectives (from AD-416) Identify the active components of the sex pheromone for O. sacchari, 2) Synthesize the pheromone and validate attractiveness in lab and field, 3) determine seasonal pattern of O. sacchari in dracaena, pineapple and coffee planting, and 4) determine optimal timing of control based on pheromone-based trapping data. Approach (from AD-416) Our approach is to collect authentic pheromone from live �calling� females and/or clipped abdominal tips and using headspace collection and or tip extraction to identify the chemicals present using GC-MS. Electrophysiological studies will be employed to identify active constituents using GC-EAD on male moth antenna. Those with activity will be tested and formulated for activity against the putative pheromone in a flight tunnel bioassay and if possible in the field. Next, the pheromone will be synthesized and pheromonal-based lures used to conduct field evaluations. Specifically, we would like to correlate moth capture to field populations and damage levels in the different cropping systems unique to Hawaii. Lastly, we hope to use pheromone trap capture as a predictive tool to assess the timing of control tactics. Documents Trust Agreement with Hawaii Dept. of Agriculture. Log 32462. Significant Activities that Support Special Target Populations This report serves to document research conducted under a Trust agreement between ARS and the State of Hawaii, Department of Agriculture. Additional details of the research can be found in the report for the parent CRIS 5320-22430-021-00D, Detection, Control, and Areawide Management of Fruit Flies. In cooperation with collaborators, we established small colonies of banana moth and reared them on artificial diet in the laboratory. The mass-reared moth were "gated" in specialized holding boxes to release pheromone during the day rather than their normal night-time release. Female moths were collected and frozen for extraction of the pheromone and subsequent bioassay using GC-EAD. Morphological dissections and observations of calling behavior confirmed what we believe to be the pheromone producing orgasm in the female moth. GC-EAD analysis is currently being done with extracted glands. In addition putative chemicals known to be pheromone of related species were obtained and are also being assayed on GC-EAD and GC-MS. Preliminary field ecological studies are planned for later this year. Progress is monitored through meetings with cooperator, telephone and email communications, and progress reporting.
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