Progress 04/01/05 to 03/31/08
Outputs
Progress Report Objectives (from AD-416) To develop cultivars with lower palmitic acid, lower linolenic acid, and higher oleic acid that are adapted to the mid-west and mid-south U.S. Approach (from AD-416) To develop soybean strains with palmitic acid at or below 4% of total oil. Breed soybean strains with linolenic acid at or below 4% of total oil. Breed strains with oleic acid at approximately 50% of the total oil. Combine these traits resulting in soybeans with lower palmitic and linolenic acid and high oleic acid, and resistance to SCN. Scientists and technicians associated with the project: G. Shannon, D. Sleper and J.W. Burton. Significant Activities that Support Special Target Populations This project is related to Objective 1 of this in-house project: To elucidate and modify regulatory mechanisms of multi-genic systems that control the expression of saturated and unsaturated fatty acid composition in soybean seed. Low linolenic acid (3.7%), group V (RM5.7) and productive soybean germplasm lines S01-9223 and S01-9364 with moderate resistance to races 1, 2, 3, 5 and 14 of soybean cyst nematode were developed and publicly released. Plant introductions (PIs) with 35 to 50% oleic acid content were identified which should have useful genes to increase oleic acid content in soybean. When these PIs are crossed with each other and with other mid-oleic acid sources, such as M23 or N98-4445A, the resultant progeny can show 18:1 contents at 70% or more oleic acid content in soy oil. Several lines differing in fatty acid profile were evaluated across several environments. M23 with one major allele was more stable for 18:1 content in various growing environments than N98-4445A with four or more major genes for oleic acid content. Warmer temperatures have a positive effect on increasing oleic acid content. Lines in earlier maturities which generally mature under warmer conditions, especially in the southern USA, generally show the highest oleic acid contents than later maturing lines. The lowest linolenic acid lines (approximately 1%) are very stable content and vary the least when grown in various temperature regimes. Growing environments had little effect on saturates in soybean oil. S01-9269 soybean germplasm line resistant to soybean cyst nematode races 1, 2, 3, 5, and 14 and low in saturates (<7%) was developed and released. Seed of two low saturated fatty acid lines in 2008, namely, SS03-2564 and SS03-2567 are being increased. Both of these lines have less than 7% total saturated fatty acids. Seed of lines SS02-15462, SS02-15464, and SS02-15924 with linolenic fatty acid levels of approximately 2.5% are being increased. A mapping population of over 1,000 recombinant inbred lines (F7) that range in oil content from 9 to 22% on a dry matter basis has been developed. The Authorized Departmental Officer's Designated Representative monitored activities of project through frequent phone calls and emails, two formal meetings, site visits, and through quarterly reports.
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Progress 10/01/06 to 09/30/07
Outputs
Progress Report Objectives (from AD-416) To develop cultivars with lower palmitic acid, lower linolenic acid, and higher oleic acid that are adapted to the mid-west and mid-south U.S. Approach (from AD-416) To develop soybean strains with palmitic acid at or below 4% of total oil. Breed soybean strains with linolenic acid at or below 4% of total oil. Breed strains with oleic acid at approximately 50% of the total oil. Combine these traits resulting in soybeans with lower palmitic and linolenic acid and high oleic acid, and resistance to SCN. Scientists and technicians associated with the project: G. Shannon, D. Sleper and J.W. Burton. Significant Activities that Support Special Target Populations This report serves to document research conducted under a specific cooperative agreement between ARS and the Agricultural Research Station, University of Missouri. Additional details of research can be found in the report for the parent project 6645-21000-026-00D, Physiological/biochemical mechanisms associated with genetic alteration of soybean quality and productivity. In the northern Missouri program, progress was made in development of the low linolenic trait. With newly tested materials, we are in the 2% range for linolenic fatty acid, however, yields are lower than the best commercial check varieties. These lines will serve as parents in 2007 as we enter into subsequent cycles of selection for the low linolenic trait. Testing was begun of 1% linolenic soybeans. Yields of some lines in Preliminary Tests in central Missouri with maturity group III lines were close to the best checks. Most of the lines in Preliminary Tests were constructed with SCN resistant parents. These lines will be evaluated for resistance to SCN and Phytophthora root rot. In the southern Missouri program, 192 lines with low linolenic acid (1 to 3%) were evaluated in preliminary yield tests. Several lines had yields that were comparable to high yield checks. Decreasing saturated fatty acids, increasing oleic acid and lowering linolenic acid in soybean oil makes it healthier for human consumption and increases the stability of the oil in salad and frying applications. The ADODR monitored activities through quarterly progress reports, 1 meeting with researchers, emails and phone calls.
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Progress 10/01/05 to 09/30/06
Outputs
Progress Report 4d Progress report. This report serves to document research conducted under a specific cooperative agreement between ARS and the Agricultural Research Station, University of Missouri. Additional details of research can be found in the report for the parent project 6645-21000-025-00D, Fundamental mechanisms for genetic alteration of soybean quality and productivity. Soybeans with 35 - 50% oleic acid content are reported in the soybean germplasm collection. These types could offer single genes for higher oleic acid content. Increasing oleic acid in soybean oil increases the stability of the oil in salad and frying oil applications and makes it healthier for human consumption. When genes from different sources are combined, oleic acid higher than either parent could result. Some of these oleic acid genes could provide high and stable oleic acid content under different growing environments. Forty of these elevated oleic acid soybean types were evaluated
for oleic acid content when planted at two dates at Portageville, MO in 2005. In unstable soybean types, oleic acid often decreases with later planting because of cooler temperatures as seeds develop on the plants. Several of these soybeans including the mutant line M23 showed little fluctuation in oleic acid at the two planting dates. Fifteen of them were selected to evaluate for stability of 18:1 at several locations and two planting dates in 2006.
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Progress 10/01/04 to 09/30/05
Outputs
4d Progress report. This report serves to document research conducted under a specific cooperative agreement between ARS and the University of Missouri. Additional details of research can be found in the report for the parent project 6645-21000-025-00D, Fundamental mechanisms for genetic alteration of soybean quality and productivity. This project was initiated on April 1, 2005. It is too early to report any significant progress at this time.
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