Progress 04/01/04 to 03/31/09
Outputs
Progress Report Objectives (from AD-416) Develop landmark cultivars, advanced generation breeding lines and information for use by other breeders. Problems facing the lettuce industry will be addressed using genetic approaches that are suited to coastal, desert, and interior valley locations, to the various types of lettuce, and to the demands of different production and marketing approaches. Approach (from AD-416) Evaluate cultivars and PI accessions for useful traits. Plant trials in coastal and desert districts to evaluate yield, head size, and shape, color and various disease, insect, and stress resistances. Look for tipburn, rib blight, pink rib, lettuce chlorosis, and bolting. Continue statewide trials of cultivars and breeding lines. Groups of lines with single or combined resistances will be grown in field trials for evaluation under commercial conditions. Documents Trust with California Lettuce Research Board (#58-5305-4-450). Formerly 5305-21000-011-02T. Log 25764. Formerly 5305-21000-011-08T (12/08). Significant Activities that Support Special Target Populations This project is monitored through twice yearly written and oral reports. Our objectives are to incorporate resistance to several diseases, insects, and physiological defects into iceberg, romaine, and mixed lettuce cultivars and breeding lines adapted for coastal and desert production. In 2008, major efforts targeted resistance to lettuce big vein disease, lettuce drop / Sclerotinia species, Verticillium wilt, Fusarium root rot, lettuce dieback/tombusviruses, bacterial leaf spot, corky root, leafminer, lettuce aphid, tipburn and multiple disease resistance. Minor programs addressed resistance to powdery mildew and yellow spot. In all programs, horticultural traits, adaptation, and resistance to tipburn are essential. In 2008, we confirmed resistance in previously identified germplasm to Lettuce Drop, Verticillium wilt, Fusarium wilt, Yellow Spot, and lettuce aphid. New candidate sources of resistance were identified to race 2 isolates of Verticillium dahliae and pre-mature bolting. Selections were taken from breeding populations and advanced breeding lines were evaluated as part of breeding for resistance to big vein disease, lettuce drop, Verticillium wilt, powdery mildew, dieback, bacterial leaf spot, corky root, leafminer, tipburn, and pre-mature bolting. Genetic studies concurrent with breeding programs are being conducted to determine the inheritance of resistance to big vein disease, bacterial leaf spot, dieback, lettuce mosaic virus, leafminers, downy mildew, lettuce aphid, corky root, and Verticillium wilt. These accomplishments aligns with National Program 301 component 3, and address problem statement 3C.
Impacts
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Progress 10/01/06 to 09/30/07
Outputs
Progress Report Objectives (from AD-416) Develop landmark cultivars, advanced generation breeding lines and information for use by other breeders. Problems facing the lettuce industry will be addressed using genetic approaches that are suited to coastal, desert, and interior valley locations, to the various types of lettuce, and to the demands of different production and marketing approaches. Approach (from AD-416) Evaluate cultivars and PI accessions for useful traits. Plant trials in coastal and desert districts to evaluate yield, head size, and shape, color and various disease, insect, and stress resistances. Look for tipburn, rib blight, pink rib, lettuce chlorosis, and bolting. Continue statewide trials of cultivars and breeding lines. Groups of lines with single or combined resistances will be grown in field trials for evaluation under commercial conditions. Documents Trust with California Lettuce Research Board (#58-5305-4-450). Formerly 5305-21000-011-02T. Log 25764. Significant Activities that Support Special Target Populations This report serves to document research conducted under a trust fund agreement between ARS and the California lettuce Research Board. Additional details of research can be found in the report for the parent CRIS 5305-21000-011-00D; Evaluation, Enhancement, Genetics, and Breeding of Lettuce, Melons and Closely Related Species. Our objectives are to incorporate resistance to several diseases and insects into crisphead and mixed lettuce cultivars and breeding lines. In 2006, major efforts targeted resistance to lettuce big vein disease, lettuce drop /Sclerotinia species, Verticillium wilt, Fusarium root rot, lettuce dieback/tombusviruses, bacterial leaf spot, corky root, leafminer, lettuce aphid, tipburn and multiple disease resistance. Minor programs addressed adaptation to low desert conditions, nutritional content, as well as resistance to powdery mildew and yellow spot. In all programs, horticultural traits, adaptation, and resistance to tipburn are considered essential. In 2006, we identified new candidate sources of resistance to yellow spot and race 2 isolates of Verticillium dahliae. We confirmed resistance in previously identified germplasm to big vein disease, Verticillium wilt, and lettuce aphid. Selections were taken from breeding populations, and advanced breeding lines were evaluated, as part of breeding for resistance to big vein disease, lettuce drop, Verticillium wilt, powdery mildew, dieback, bacterial leaf spot, corky root, leafminer, tipburn, bolting, and for increased nutritional content. Three iceberg breeding lines with Verticillium wilt resistance were released as germplasm. Genetic studies concurrent with breeding programs are being conducted to determine the inheritance of resistance to bacterial leaf spot, big vein disease, lettuce mosaic virus, lettuce drop, leafminers, and Verticillium wilt. Publications during 2006-2007 included reports of original research on big vein disease, Verticillium wilt, and tipburn resistance, a germplasm release for verticillium wilt, and a book chapter on lettuce breeding. This project is monitored through twice yearly written and oral reports.
Impacts
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Progress 10/01/05 to 09/30/06
Outputs
Progress Report 4d Progress report. This report serves to document research conducted under a trust fund agreement between ARS and the California lettuce Research Board. Additional details of research can be found in the report for the parent CRIS 5305-21000-011-00D; Evaluation, Enhancement, Genetics, and Breeding of Lettuce, Melons and Closely Related Species. The objectives of this research are to incorporate resistance to several diseases and insects into crisphead and mixed lettuce cultivars and breeding lines. In 2005, major efforts targeted resistance to lettuce big vein disease, lettuce drop/Sclerotinia species, Verticillium wilt, Fusarium root rot, lettuce mosaic virus, lettuce dieback/tombusviruses, bacterial leaf spot, corky root, leafminer, lettuce aphid, and multiple disease resistance. Minor programs addressed adaptation to low desert conditions, nutritional content, as well as resistance to Phoma basal rot and powdery mildew. In all programs, horticultural
traits, adaptation, and resistance to tipburn are considered essential. We identified new candidate sources of resistance to big vein disease. We confirmed resistance of previously identified germplasm to big vein disease, Verticillium wilt, powdery mildew, and lettuce aphid. Additionally, cultivars, primitive lettuce, and wild Lactuca species were evaluated for nutritional content. Advanced breeding lines were evaluated for resistance to big vein disease, lettuce drop, Verticillium wilt, powdery mildew, dieback, bacterial leaf spot, corky root, and tipburn. Seven iceberg breeding lines with resistance to corky root and lettuce mosaic virus were released as germplasm. Genetic studies concurrent with breeding programs are being conducted to determine the inheritance of resistance to big vein disease, lettuce mosaic virus, lettuce drop, powdery mildew, corky root, leaf miners, Fusarium root rot, and Verticillium wilt.
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Progress 10/01/04 to 09/30/05
Outputs
4d Progress report. This report serves to document research conducted under a trust fund between ARS and the California lettuce Research Board. Additional details of research can be found in report for in-house project 5305-21000-011- 00D, Evaluation, Enhancement, Genetics, and Breeding of Lettuce, Melons and Closely Related Species. Our objectives are to incorporate resistance to several diseases and insects into crisphead and mixed lettuce cultivars and breeding lines. In FY2004/2005, major efforts targeted resistance to lettuce big vein disease, downy mildew/Bremia, lettuce drop/Sclerotinia minor, Verticillium wilt, Fusarium root rot, lettuce mosaic virus, lettuce dieback/tombusviruses, bacterial leaf spot, corky root, leafminer, lettuce aphid, and multiple disease resistance. Minor programs addressed adaptation to low desert conditions, nutritional content, as well as resistance to Phoma basal rot and powdery mildew. In all programs, horticultural traits,
adaptation, and resistance to tipburn are considered essential. In FY2004, we identified new candidate sources of resistance to big vein disease, Verticillium wilt, and lettuce drop. We confirmed resistance of previously identified germplasm to corky root, big vein disease, powdery mildew, and lettuce aphid. Additionally, cultivars, primitive lettuce, and wild Lactuca species were evaluated for nutritional content. Advanced breeding lines were evaluated for resistances to big vein disease, lettuce mosaic virus, corky root, downy mildew, powdery mildew, bacterial leaf spot, lettuce drop, Verticillium wilt (crisphead), dieback (romaine), and tip burn. Genetic studies concurrent with breeding programs are being conducted to determine the inheritance of resistance to big vein disease, lettuce mosaic virus, and lettuce drop, field resistance to DM, powdery mildew, Fusarium root rot, and Verticillium wilt.
Impacts
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Progress 10/01/03 to 09/30/04
Outputs
4. What were the most significant accomplishments this past year? This report documents research conducted under a trust fund between ARS and the California Lettuce Research Board. Additional details can be found in the report for parent CRIS 5305 21000 011 00D, Evaluation, Enhancement, Genetics, and Breeding of Lettuce, Melons and Closely Related Species. During the period from 03/31/04 to 09/30/04, major efforts targeted lettuce big vein (BV), lettuce mosaic virus (LMV), downy mildew/Bremia (DM), lettuce drop/Sclerotinia minor, Verticillium wilt, lettuce dieback/tombusviruses, Fusarium root rot, bacterial leaf spot (BLS), corky root (CR), lettuce aphid and leafminer. Minor programs addressed adaptation to desert conditions, dark green leaf color, nutritional content, resistance to Phoma basal rot and powdery mildew (PM) , and combining multiple resistances. In replicated tests, we confirmed resistance of previously identified germplasm to CR, leafminer, BV, dieback,
BLS, PM and LMV. Advanced breeding lines were evaluated for resistances to BV, LMV, CR, DM, and Verticillium (crisphead), dieback (romaine), and dark green color (leaf). Publications during this period included reports of research on resistances to leafminer, lettuce drop, dieback, multiple disease resistances and nutritional content.
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