Progress 10/01/06 to 09/30/07
Outputs
Progress Report Objectives (from AD-416) Evaluate the temporal relationship in plant N status of corn and wheat grown as a monocrop, in rotation with soybeans, or under double cropping when fertilized at different N rates using crop canopy sensors. Test in- season fertilizer N recommendation algorithms for reliably under various cropping systems, soils, and climates. Calculate apparent N fertilizer use efficiency and assess related environmental benefits for a one-time compared to the in-season approach to nutrient management. Approach (from AD-416) One or more Chinese scientists will visit the Nebraska and Oklahoma research sites in early 2004 to become familiar with canopy sensor technologies and discuss research plans. Two active crop canopy sensors will be provided to the Chinese scientists for their use on wheat and corn. In late June or early July of 2004 a team of 3 to 4 US scientists will visit research sites in China to complete the sensor training and assist with data analysis and interpretation. Wheat plots in Oklahoma and corn plots in Nebraska will be used to collect companion data to the studies in China. During the visits, appropriateness of field techniques will be assessed and use of the in-season fertilizer N algorithms will be discussed. Research results obtained during the 2004 and 2005 growing season will be summarized and presented at the American Society of Agronomy meetings scheduled for November of 2005 in Salt Lake City, Utah. Depending on the outcome of the 2004 data collection campaign, one Chinese scientist may attend the American Society of Agronomy meetings in 2004 (Seattle, WA) to discuss results with US colleagues. Significant Activities that Support Special Target Populations This report serves as the terminal document for research conducted under a reimbursable agreement between ARS and the Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS), OICD. Additional details of crop canopy sensor research can be found in the report for the parent project 5440-12130-010-00D, Crop and Soil Management Systems for Water Quality Protection and Agricultural Sustainability. Funding of this study by OICD was initiated in June 2003 with training of Chinese partners in the U.S. in January of 2004 on the use of active crop canopy sensors. During the course of this three-year project, one ARS scientist and one Oklahoma State University graduate student visited China in June 2004 to participate in joint data collection activities and provided assistance in data interpretation. Another ARS scientist visited the Chinese cooperator in July 2005. Failure of the GreenSeeker sensor was a perpetual problem during 2004 and early 2005. A final report was prepared in September 2006 showing ~5% reduction in the vegetative index for wheat and corn during midday. This trend is attributed to changes in plant water status which affects the reflectance characteristics of leaves. Vegetative index values measured early in the growing season of wheat were well correlated with yield (r2 = 0.60) but as the amount of vegetation increased the relationship significantly deteriorated as expected because of the waveband limitations in the visible portion of the spectra for this sensor. A working height of 60 to 100 cm above the crop was determined to be the best window for making measurements. The differences in sensor readings were up to 5% higher when the canopies were moist, but some of this difference could be related to an internal adjustment in leaf water status. ADODR monitors activities to evaluate research progress including conference calls, meetings with cooperators, and site visits to plot locations.
Impacts
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Progress 10/01/05 to 09/30/06
Outputs
Progress Report 4d Progress report. This report serves to document research conducted under a reimbursable agreement between ARS and the Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS/OICD). Additional details of crop canopy sensor research can be found in the report for the parent project 5440-12130-002-00D, Integrated Crop and Soil Management Systems for Water Quality Protection and Ag Sustainability. Funding of this study by FAS/OICD was initiated in June 2003 with training of Chinese partners in the U.S. in January of 2004 on the use of sensors. One ARS scientist and one Oklahoma State University graduate student visited China in June 2004 to participate in joint data collection activities and provide assistance on data interpretation. Another ARS scientist visited the Chinese cooperator in July 2005. Sensor failure was a perpetual problem during 2004 and 2005 in China. Scientists in the U.S. also had reliability problems with one particular sensor, but another sensor performed
well in the U.S.
Impacts
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Progress 10/01/04 to 09/30/05
Outputs
4d Progress report. This report serves to document research conducted under a reimbursable agreement between ARS and OICD. Additional details of crop canopy sensor research can be found in the report for the parent project 5440-12130-002- 00D, Integrated Crop and Soil Management Systems for Water Quality Protection and Ag Sustainability. Funding of this study by OICD was initiated in June 2003 with training of Chinese partners in the U.S. in January of 2004 on the use of sensors. One ARS scientist and one Oklahoma State University graduate student visited China in June 2004 to participate in joint data collection activities and provide assistance on data interpretation. The GreenSeeker sensor failed during the joint exercise so data collection on corn and wheat in 2004 was limited. After repair, the sensor failed again in 2005 so limited data have been collected to date in 2005. Sensor repairs are pending.
Impacts
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Progress 10/01/03 to 09/30/04
Outputs
4. What were the most significant accomplishments this past year? This report serves to document research conducted under a reimbursable between ARS and OICD. Additional details of crop canopy sensor research can be found in the report for the parent project 5440-12130-002-00D, Integrated Crop and Soil Management Systems for Water Quality Protection and Ag Sustainability. A. Single most important accomplishment during FY 2004: The primary Chinese scientist was trained on the use of crop canopy sensors on wheat in the US in January 2004 and ARS scientist provided on-site training in China in July 2004 on corn. Data analysis is pending in that the project was not initiated until June 2003. B. Other significant accomplishments: None C. Significant activities that support special target populations: None other than those indirectly included in the OICD solicitation of project proposals and target countries. D. Progress Report: Funding of this study by OICD was
announced in June 2003, so it was not possible to acquire instrumentation and conduct studies in the summer of 2003. Winter wheat was planted in the fall of 2003 for studies in 2004. FY-2004 is the first year of data collection.
Impacts
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