Progress 10/01/05 to 09/30/06
Outputs
Progress Report 4d Progress report. This report serves to document research conducted under a CRADA between ARS and Peat Technologies Corp. (Peatec). Additional details of the research can be found in the report for the inhouse project 6435-41000- 088-00D, Agricultural By-Products as Adsorbents for Environmental Remediation. Our project partnered with Peat Technologies Corporation (Peatec), Nashwauk, MN, to advance our by-product modification technology to produce cation exchange resins, primarily from soybean hulls. During the CRADA period with Peatec, we transferred our citric acid modified-soybean hull technology. We were assisted in our efforts by securing USDA, SBIR Phase I and Phase II research grants to begin small scale manufacturing of modified soybean hulls and provide this material to several interested companies. Through Peatec, our citric acid-modified soybean hulls have been evaluated at several small companies where removal of toxic metals from their
waste effluent is a problem. Our modified hulls, called BioSorb 100 by Peatec, were very effective in removing zinc, copper and lead in these applications. In fact, more extensive field trials were scheduled toward the end of FY 2004 and into FY 2005 once larger quantities of BioSorb 100 could be manufactured under funds acquired through a Phase II grant. A process was set up for modified hull manufacture but Peatec had not made actual product in quantity before the company became unable to function because of loss of key employees and eventually declared bankruptcy in 2005. We are currently working with a new company, CleanWater Solutions, LLC of Eau Claire, WI, to finish the pilot manufacturing process and begin delivering kilogram quantities of modified hulls to interested users. This CRADA will be terminated in FY 2006.
Impacts
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Progress 12/01/01 to 11/30/05
Outputs
Progress Report Objectives (from AD-416) To develop and evaluate modified soybean hulls and other agricultural by- products as adsorbent material (cation and/or anion exchange resins) for remediation of storm water runoff and industrial wastewater. To scale up modified by-product technology from ARS, combined with peat technology from Peat Technologies Corporation, in order to develop commercial products that can effectively remove cationic, anionic and organic constituents from storm water runoff and industrial wastewater. Approach (from AD-416) ARS will obtain agricultural by-products from suppliers and mill these by- products to various particle sizes. By-products will be modified with citric acid for the production of cation exchange adsorbents or modified with a suitable quaternary amine for the production of anion exchange adsorbents. For example, treat unwashed by-products with various concentrations of citric acid, dry the mixture at a suitable temperature, react the dried products at a suitable time and temperature. Remove unreacted citric acid with water and dry the resulting product. For production of anion exchange adsorbents, treat by-products with a suitable quaternary amine or compound having a quaternary ammonium group, in the presence of different crosslinking agents with reaction times and temperatures and reagent concentrations to be determined by ARS. Additionally, methods will be developed to create bifunctional adsorbents where cation and anion exchange properties will reside on the same by- product particle. All of the procedures are intended to create ion exchange adsorbents with high product yield and high adsorption of cations and/or anions. Determine product yield, attrition values (durability), pH, surface charge and obtain cation and anion adsorption data in both batch and column mode. Significant Activities that Support Special Target Populations This report serves to document research conducted under a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) between Agricultural Research Service (ARS) and Peat Technologies Corp. (Peatec). Additional details of the research can be found in the report for the in-house project 6435- 41000-088-00D, "Agricultural By-Products as Adsorbents for Environmental Remediation." During the Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (CRADA) period with Peatec, we transferred our citric acid modified-soybean hull technology. We were assisted in our efforts by securing USDA, SBIR Phase I and Phase II research grants to begin small scale manufacturing of modified soybean hulls and provide this materials to several interested companies. Through Peatec, our citric acid-modified soybean hulls have been evaluated at several small companies where removal of toxic metals from their waste effluent is a problem. Our modified hulls, called BioSorb 100, could be manufacutred under funds acquired through a Phase II grant. The technology was adopted by a new company, CleanWater Solutions, LLC of Eau Claire, WI. This CRADA will be terminated in FY 2007. This project was monitored through periodic discussion via phone and email correspondence.
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Progress 10/01/04 to 09/30/05
Outputs
4d Progress report. This report serves to document research conducted under a Cooperative and Development Agreement (CRADA) between ARS and Peat Technologies Corp. (project number 6435-41000-088-05T). Additional details of the research can be found in the report of the parent project, 6435-41000-088-05T, Agricultural By-Products as Adsorbents for Environmental Remediation. A dual functional ion exchange resin was developed from soybean hulls and by-products from sugarcane and corn in order to create an efficient and cost effective adsorbent material that would reduce some of the problems associated with mixed-bed resins. Soybean hulls and by-products from sugarcane and corn were modified with citric acid in order to enhance adsorption of positively charged metal ions, followed by a modification with a cross-linking reagent called dimethyloldihydroxyethylene urea (DMDHEU) and a positively charged amine called choline chloride in order to enhance adsorption of
negatively charged metal ions. This modification order could be effectively reversed with the product having similar ion binding characteristics. This dual-functional ion exchange resin effectively adsorbed different cations, including copper, cadmium, nickel, zinc and chromium. Adsorption was comparable to individual commercial cation or anion exchange resins. A patent application on this technology was sent to the US Patent Office and a manuscript describing the technology in detail is in preparation. Interest in this technology and resulting product has been generated by CleanWater Solutions, LLC, a water filtration company in Wisconsin.
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Progress 10/01/03 to 09/30/04
Outputs
4. What were the most significant accomplishments this past year? This report serves to document research conducted under a Trust Agreement between ARS and Peat Technologies. Additional details of research can be found in the report of the parent CRIS 6435-41000-084-00D, "Agricultural By-Products as Adsorbents for Environmental Remediation." We are currently beginning a new 5 year project cycle in FY 2005. The major accomplishment described below took place under the auspices of our old project. Our project partnered with Peat Technologies Corporation (Peatec), Nashwauk, MN, to advance our by-product modification technology to produce cation exchange resins, primarily from soybean hulls. During the CRADA period with Peatec, we transferred our citric acid modified- soybean hull technology. We were assisted in our efforts by securing USDA, SBIR Phase I and Phase II research grants to begin small scale manufacturing of modified soybean hulls and provide this
material to several interested companies. Through Peatec, our citric acid-modified soybean hulls have been evaluated at several small companies where removal of toxic metals from their waste effluent is a problem. Our modified hulls, called BioSorb 100 by Peatec, were very effective in removing zinc, copper and lead in these applications. In fact, more extensive field trials were scheduled early/mid FY 2004 once larger quantities of BioSorb 100 could be manufactured under funds recently acquired through a Phase II grant. A process was set up for modified hull manufacture but Peatec had not made actual product in quantity before the company became unable to function because of loss of key employees. We are actively seeking a new CRADA partner to finish the pilot manufacturing process and begin delivering kilogram quantities of modified hulls to interested users.
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