Progress 08/20/03 to 08/19/08
Outputs
Progress Report Objectives (from AD-416) To assess priorities for an Integrated Pest Management Program for Horticultural Crops in the Azores, Portugal, and develop a joint collaboration program between the Regional Government of the Azores' (RGA) Plant Protection Service, and USDA's Agricultural Research Service (ARS) and The Ohio State University (OSU) under the 1995 Agreement on Cooperation and Defense between Portugal and the United States. Approach (from AD-416) Under the 1995 Agreement on Cooperation and Defense between Portugal and the United States, the Office of International Research Programs (OIRP) in USDA's Agricultural Research Service (ARS) at the request of Department of Defense's (DOD) US Joint Forces Command (USJFCOM), and now, US European Command, administers the Cooperative Initiatives Program with the Azores. Through this agreement, OSU and OIRP maintain regular contact with the Government of Portugal and the Regional Government of the Azores (RGA), as well as with multiple U.S. public and private sector agencies to identify and provide resources, contacts and expertise for the cooperative program. This program will follow on to discussions held in May 2003, and will include further development of mutual areas of interest, development of a common agenda, and technical exchanges of information and experts to implement this program. OSU has already established trilateral linkages with the RGA's Plant Protection Service and ARS, providing a good basis to further the cooperation in various aspects of integrated pest management for horticultural crops under the agreement. Significant Activities that Support Special Target Populations All activity on this agreement concluded in FY2008, project will be terminated.
Impacts
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Progress 10/01/06 to 09/30/07
Outputs
Progress Report Objectives (from AD-416) To assess priorities for an Integrated Pest Management Program for Horticultural Crops in the Azores, Portugal, and develop a joint collaboration program between the Regional Government of the Azores' (RGA) Plant Protection Service, and USDA's Agricultural Research Service (ARS) and The Ohio State University (OSU) under the 1995 Agreement on Cooperation and Defense between Portugal and the United States. Approach (from AD-416) Under the 1995 Agreement on Cooperation and Defense between Portugal and the United States, the Office of International Research Programs (OIRP) in USDA's Agricultural Research Service (ARS) at the request of Department of Defense's (DOD) US Joint Forces Command (USJFCOM), and now, US European Command, administers the Cooperative Initiatives Program with the Azores. Through this agreement, OSU and OIRP maintain regular contact with the Government of Portugal and the Regional Government of the Azores (RGA), as well as with multiple U.S. public and private sector agencies to identify and provide resources, contacts and expertise for the cooperative program. This program will follow on to discussions held in May 2003, and will include further development of mutual areas of interest, development of a common agenda, and technical exchanges of information and experts to implement this program. OSU has already established trilateral linkages with the RGA's Plant Protection Service and ARS, providing a good basis to further the cooperation in various aspects of integrated pest management for horticultural crops under the agreement. Significant Activities that Support Special Target Populations This report serves to document activities conducted under a specific cooperative agreement between ARS and the Ohio State University under the Azores Cooperative Initiatives Program (ACIP), as mandated in the 1995 U. S.-Portugal Agreement on Cooperation and Defense and further defined in the Final Minute (95 ACD-FM) to that agreement and funded by Department of Defense. This project addresses two areas: (1) Introduction of new high-value crops into the Azores: Blueberry cultivars were introduced into field trials under three different climatic conditions and have been growing for over a year. US cooperators followed up with counterparts in the Azores. At one location blueberry rust was observed, which is present in several other countries where blueberries are grown in warmer climates. The disease occurrence and its impact are well documented and should not be a major problem in the long run. In general the plants in S. Miguel are doing better. The use of black woven mulch helped keep weed competition to a minimum and conserves some moisture. Other issues involve keeping local animals from eating the leaves and irrigation management, which will be especially critical once the blueberry cultivars begin to produce fruit. ARS scientist, Dr. Kim Hummer brought a thornless blackberry for the Azores cooperators to try (Triple Crown). Since the Azores experience a cooler winter than other areas that raise blueberries, cooler-climate blueberry varieties may do well in the Azores. In a related activity to determine the genotypes of Azorean pear and apple cultivars, staff at Dr. Hummer�s laboratory is completing a manuscript on the genetic relationships within heritage pears and apple cultivars in the Azores. (2) Pest management of horticultural crops: US IPM experts traveled to the Azores to give seminars on citrus pests at both S. Miguel and Terceira Islands. These were well received by Azorean counterparts in the Agricultural Direction and university. Cooperators gave new insight into the management of various pests and explained the techniques to survey for citrus leaf miner, Phyllocnistis citrella. Research currently underway in Florida shows promising results in using the leafminer pheromone for mating disruption as a sustainable alternative to pesticide control of leafminer populations. The observed design of citrus plantings in the Azores is ideal for this alternative control method for leafminer and could be tested and then implemented in the Azores in the near future. Azorean cooperators were given a special course on Citrus Pest Management at the University of Florida. The Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica, an exotic invasive species, was found on Terceira more than 20 years ago, on Faial about 10 years ago, and in the last two years has been confirmed on Pico and Sao Miguel Islands. U.S. and Azorean cooperators conducted a survey of natural enemies in August 2006. U.S. cooperators visited the infested islands in June 2007 to investigate the latest outbreaks and to help Azorean counterparts. RGA officials and technicians are developing management strategies.
Impacts
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Progress 10/01/05 to 09/30/06
Outputs
Progress Report 4d Progress report. Project Title: INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT PROGRAM FOR HORTICULTURAL CROPS IN AZORES, PORTUGAL AND THE UNITED STATES Project No: 0210-22310-002-61G SY(s): HERRERA, EILEEN Location: OFFICE OF INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH PROGRAMS What were the most significant accomplishments this past year? This report serves to document activities conducted under a specific cooperative agreement between ARS and the Ohio State University under the Azores Cooperative Initiatives Program (ACIP), as mandated in the 1995 U. S.-Portugal Agreement on Cooperation and Defense and further defined in the Final Minute (95 ACD-FM) to that agreement and funded by Department of Defense. This project addresses two areas: (1) Introduction of new high-value crops into the Azores: Thanks to the joint efforts of ARS, Ohio State University and the U.S. Base at Lajes, blueberry cultivars were introduced into field trials under three different climatic
conditions. Yield data will be collected and analyzed. In a related effort, ARS-Corvalllis used microsatellite markers to determine genetic relationships among apple and heritage European pear cultivars grown in the Azores. Twelve unique apple genotype accessions were identified and five groups of synonyms detected; seven unique pear genotypes were identified and three pairs of synonyms. Additional leaves of pears and apples from the Azores for repeat DNA extraction to ensure accuracy and reproducibility of genetic fingerprints. The genetic relationships between apple cultivars and heritage European pear will be studied and cooperators will develop unique fingerprints for the cultivars of each fruit type. A manuscript will be prepared summarizing the results of both years. (2) Pest management of horticultural crops: new projects have been started focused on collecting information necessary to make sound pest management decisions. One of the initial projects was to follow the
progression of the Japanese beetle population, pest status and movement. Studies are continuing on the establishment and movement of the Japanese beetle to track any major changes in its status, including a larval survey and intensive monitoring of adults using lures to establish population abundance and distribution. It appears that the beetles have not moved to additional islands, however, later this season we will learn if larval or adult concentrations are changing or remaining static.
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Progress 10/01/04 to 09/30/05
Outputs
4d Progress report. This report serves to document activities conducted under a specific cooperative agreement between ARS and the Ohio State University under the Azores Cooperative Initiatives Program (ACIP), as mandated in the 1995 U. S.-Portugal Agreement on Cooperation and Defense and funded by Department of Defense. As an outcome of the visit by Ohio State University, University of Florida and ARS cooperators with the Azorean Dept. of Agriculture, a three-year plan of work was generated to develop and implement a reliable approach to plant production that reduces crop losses, provides a fair income for the farmer, reduces pesticide use and damage to the natural ecosystems including biodiversity, reduces pesticide residues on crops and stimulates IPM research and educational capabilities in the Azores. A second focus of this project is plant introduction and evaluation. Dr. Kim Hummer, National Clonal Germplasm Repository, is the ARS Cooperator. This part of
the project introduces low chill blueberry cultivars into the Azores and evaluates their potential as a fruit crop. In addition, the genetic relationship of heritage European pear and apple cultivars grown in the Azores. This allows managers to identify or otherwise designate the genetic makeup of cultivars are examined. These activities were initiated at the end of FY- 2005.
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Progress 10/01/03 to 09/30/04
Outputs
4. What were the most significant accomplishments this past year? This report serves to document activities conducted under a specific cooperative agreement between ARS and the Ohio State University under the Azores Cooperative Initiatives Program (ACIP), as mandated in the 1995 U. S.-Portugal Agreement on Cooperation and Defense and further defined in the Final Minute (95 ACD-FM) to that agreement and funded by Department of Defense. The Ohio State University made a technical mission to meet with the Azorean Regional Service for Plant Production and Protection (DSPC) and observe a broad spectrum of the horticultural crops and production activities on the isle of Sao Miguel. Discussions were focused on several crops that are currently grown and seem to have strong potential for local and export markets if certain obstacles could be overcome. Although development of export markets for various crops is important, the importance of supplying local markets with products
that are currently imported needs to be explored as well. Two basic areas discussed were small fruits including blackberry, raspberry, currant and strawberry, and fruits that may have potential for local as well as export markets such as Annona, Passion fruit, and Banana. Although these crops all have potential, each has specific pest-related problems that need to be addressed through research. The next planned visit under this project will be by a representative of the USDA-ARS National Clonal Germplasm Repository. Two other possible visits were discussed involving citrus leaf miner and the Mediterranean fruit fly.
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