Progress 01/01/01 to 09/30/04
Outputs
4. What were the most significant accomplishments this past year? 4D. Progress Report This report serves to document research conducted under a trust agreement between ARS and the University of Pennsylvania. Additional details of the research can be found in the report for the parent project 1265-32000- 066-00D, Risk Based Management Systems for Control of Zoonotic Parasites in Swine. This project is supported by an NRI grant, which runs through the end of 2003. The approach taken in this research is to identify the function of the sensory neurons of a representative species of livestock nematode, Haemonchus contortus. Issues including drug resistance and residues make discovery of novel prophylactic and therapeutic targets an urgent need for livestock producers and the animal health industry. Knowledge gained in these studies will be used to identify receptor molecules, which can be used as targets for chemical control of these parasites. Evaluated individually and
in groups, the role of specific neurons in the processes of infectivity and parasitic development. Additional neurons were targeted by ablation in infective larvae that were provided by the ARS cooperator. Further association of specific neurons with parasite development will result in targets for new anthelminthic drugs.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
- Li, J., Ashton, F.T., Gamble, H.R., Schad, G.A. Sensory neuroanatomy of a passively ingested nematode parasite, Haemonchus contortus: amphidial neurons of the first stage larva. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 2000. v. 417. p. 299-314.
- Li, J., Zhu, X., Ashton, F.T., Gamble, H.R., Schad, G.A. 2001. Sensory neuroanatomy of a passively ingested nematode parasite Haemonchus contortus: Amphidial neurons of the third stage larva. Journal of Parasitology. 2001. v. 87. p. 65-72.
- Li, J., Zhu, X., Boston, R., Ashton, F.T., Gamble, H.R., Schad, G.A. Thermotaxis and thermosensory neurons in the infective larvae of Haemonchus contortus, a passively ingested species. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 2000. v. 424. p. 58-73.
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Progress 10/01/02 to 09/30/03
Outputs
4. What were the most significant accomplishments this past year? D. Progress Report This report serves to document the research conducted under a trust agreement between ARS and the University of Pennsylvania on Haemonchus contortus:Neuronal control of the infective process. Additional details of research can be found in the report for the parent CRIS 1265-32000-066- 00D, "Risk-based management systems for control of zoonotic parasites in swine". This project is supported by an NRI grant, which runs through the end of 2003. The approach taken in this research is to identify the function of the sensory neurons of a representative species of livestock nematode, Haemonchus contortus. Issues including drug resistance and residues make discovery of novel prophylactic and therapeutic targets an urgent need for livestock producers and the animal health industry. Knowledge gained in these studies will be used to identify receptor molecules, which can be used as targets
for chemical control of these parasites. The research conducted on this project supports National Program objectives in Animal Health (National Program 108) by developing novel methods to reduce losses due to internal parasitic diseases of livestock. Evaluated individually, and in groups, the role of specific neurons in the processes of infectivity and parasitic development. Further association of specific neurons with parasite development will result in targets for new anthelminthic drugs.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
- Li, J., Ashton, F.T., Gamble, H.R., Schad, G.A. Sensory neuroanatomy of a passively ingested nematode parasite, Haemonchus contortus: amphidial neurons of the first stage larva. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 2000. v. 417. p. 299-314.
- Li, J., Zhu, X., Ashton, F.T., Gamble, H.R., Schad, G.A. 2001. Sensory neuroanatomy of a passively ingested nematode parasite Haemonchus contortus: Amphidial neurons of the third stage larva. Journal of Parasitology. 2001. v. 87. p. 65-72.
- Li, J., Zhu, X., Boston, R., Ashton, F.T., Gamble, H.R., Schad, G.A. Thermotaxis and thermosensory neurons in the infective larvae of Haemonchus contortus, a passively ingested species. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 2000. v. 424. p. 58-73.
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Progress 10/01/01 to 09/30/02
Outputs
4. What was your most significant accomplishment this past year? D. Progress Report: This report serves to document the research conducted under a trust agreement between ARS and the University of Pennsylvania on "Haemonchus contortus:Neuronal control of the infective process". This project is supportedby an NRI grant, which runs through the end of 2003. Additional details of research can be found in the report for the parent CRIS 1265- 32000-066-00D "Risk-based management systems for control of zoonotic parasites in swine". The approach taken in this research is to identify the function of the sensory neurons of a representative species of livestock nematode, Haemonchus contortus. Issues including drug resistance and residues make discovery of novel prophylactic and therapeutic targets an urgent need for livestock producers and the animal health industry. Knowledge gained in these studies will be used to identify receptor molecules, which can be used as
targets for chemical control of these parasites. The research conducted on this project supports National Program objectives in Animal Health (National Program 108) by developing novel methods to reduce losses due to internal parasitic diseases of livestock. Evaluated individually, and in groups, the role of specific neurons in the processes of infectivity and parasitic development. Further association of specific neurons with parasite development will result in targets for new anthelminthic drugs.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
- Li, J., Ashton, F.T., Gamble, H.R., Schad, G.A. Sensory neuroanatomy of a passively ingested nematode parasite, Haemonchus contortus: amphidial neurons of the first stage larva. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 2000. v. 417. p. 299-314.
- Li, J., Zhu, X., Ashton, F.T., Gamble, H.R., Schad, G.A. 2001. Sensory neuroanatomy of a passively ingested nematode parasite Haemonchus contortus: Amphidial neurons of the third stage larva. Journal of Parasitology. 2001. v. 87. p. 65-72.
- Li, J., Zhu, X., Boston, R., Ashton, F.T., Gamble, H.R., Schad, G.A. Thermotaxis and thermosensory neurons in the infective larvae of Haemonchus contortus, a passively ingested species. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 2000. v. 424. p. 58-73.
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Progress 10/01/00 to 09/30/01
Outputs
1. What major problem or issue is being resolved and how are you resolving it?
Nematodes parasitic in livestock pose significant economic problems worldwide. Control of these parasites is effected by application of anthelminthic drugs. Issues including drug resistance and residues make discovery of novel prophylactic and therapeutic targets an urgent need for livestock producers and the animal health industry. The approach taken in this research is to identify the function of the sensory neurons of a representative species of livestock nematode, Haemonchus contortus. Knowledge gained in these studies will be used to identify receptor molecules, which can be used as targets for chemical control of these parasites.
2. How serious is the problem? Why does it matter?
All grazing livestock are infected with parasites. Annual losses resulting from poor performance of parasite-infected livestock and necessary treatments with anthelminthics total billions of dollars in the United States along.
3. How does it relate to the National Program(s) and National Component(s)?
The research conducted on this project supports National Program objectives in Animal Health (National Program 108) by developing novel methods to reduce losses due to internal parasitic diseases of livestock.
4. What were the most significant accomplishments this past year?
D. Progress Report This report serves to document research with the University of Pennsylvania. Additional details of research can be found in the report for the parent CRIS 1265-32000-066-08-T. Mapping of the amphidial neurons of Haemonchus contortus in the first and third stage larvae was completed. We characterized thermotactic behavior and identified those neurons that influence thermotaxis in this species.
5. Describe the major accomplishments over the life of the project including their predicted or actual impact.
Complete maps were made of the amphidial neuron structure of Haemonchus contortus in the first and third stages. In vitro systems for development of this parasite from the egg to the infective stage were developed. Assays of parasite behavior and development beyond the infective stages were developed. First stage larvae were ablated with microbeams and effects of the death of certain neurons were associated with changes in parasite development and behavior. Further association of specific neurons with parasite development will result in targets for new anthelminthic drugs.
6. What do you expect to accomplish, year by year, over the next 3 years?
We will evaluate individually, and in groups, the role of specific neurons in the processes of infectivity and parasitic development. In vitro effects of ablation of specific neurons will be confirmed by in vivo experiments in a jird model. This project is supported by an NRI grant, which runs through the end of 2003.
7. What science and/or technologies have been transferred and to whom? When is the science and/or technology likely to become available to the end user (industry, farmer, other scientists)? What are the constraints if known, to the adoption & durability of the technology product?
There has been no technology transfer as yet. Information on neuronal targets for development of new drugs will be transferred to the animal health/pharmaceutical industry.
8. List your most important publications in the popular press (no abstracts) and presentations to non-scientific organizations and articles written about your work (NOTE: this does not replace your peer-reviewed publications which are listed below)
None.
Impacts
(N/A)
Publications
- Li, J., Ashton, F.T., Gamble, H.R., Schad, G.A. Sensory neuroanatomy of a passively ingested nematode parasite, Haemonchus contortus: amphidial neurons of the first stage larva. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 2000. v. 417. p. 299-314.
- Li, J., Zhu, X., Ashton, F.T., Gamble, H.R., Schad, G.A. 2001. Sensory neuroanatomy of a passively ingested nematode parasite Haemonchus contortus: Amphidial neurons of the third stage larva. Journal of Parasitology. 2001. v. 87. p. 65-72.
- Li, J., Zhu, X., Boston, R., Ashton, F.T., Gamble, H.R., Schad, G.A. Thermotaxis and thermosensory neurons in the infective larvae of Haemonchus contortus, a passively ingested species. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 2000. v. 424. p. 58-73.
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