Source: UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA submitted to NRP
FLORIDA LAKEWATCH: THE STATE OF FLORIDAS CITIZEN WATER QUALITY MONITORING PROGRAM
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
COMPLETE
Funding Source
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
0233546
Grant No.
(N/A)
Cumulative Award Amt.
(N/A)
Proposal No.
(N/A)
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Project Start Date
Mar 5, 2014
Project End Date
Mar 4, 2019
Grant Year
(N/A)
Program Code
[(N/A)]- (N/A)
Recipient Organization
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
G022 MCCARTY HALL
GAINESVILLE,FL 32611
Performing Department
Forest Resources and Conservation
Non Technical Summary
Most of Florida's universities, local and county governments as well as all Florida state agencies have identified water quality as one of Florida's major areas of concern. Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FLDEP) is charged with organizing the monitoring of Florida lakes. It has become clear that there is not enough money available for local, county and/or state agencies to monitor all of the waters of the state (over 7,700 lakes, combined 10,550 miles of streams) with the high level of quality assurance quality control (QA-QC) placed on agencies by FLDEP. Monitoring using citizen volunteer monitoring is the only way for the state of Florida to maintain adequate and cost-effective coverage for all the water quality monitoring that is needed.Monitoring with LAKEWATCH volunteers is cost effective sampling, which requires a lower level of QA-QC than is required for setting standards or mitigation by FLDEP. It also permits Florida to canvas the largest number of aquatic systems that the budget will allow. In 2012, Florida LAKEWATCH and the FLDEP conducted a comparison study with each group using their respective standard operating protocols for field and laboratory activities to determine data comparability. LAKEWATCH and FLDEP data were very comparable and it was concluded that volunteer monitoring could be embraced as a robust tool for obtaining credible, cost-effective data. The study also demonstrated the volunteer collected data are suitable for FLDEP's regulatory decisions. However, the need and importance of Florida LAKEWATCH became very clear during the State of Florida's recent interactions with the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) regarding numeric nutrient criteria. Florida LAKEWATCH analyzed over 45,000 water samples per year for at least 15 years. This effort provided the FLDEP with close to 18% of their water quality data on lakes. The data were also located in the USEPA's national database (STORET). The LAKEWATCH data permitted a demonstration that USEPA's nutrient criteria were not scientifically credible for Florida and allowed the Florida Department of Environmental Protection to advance credible alternative criteria for lakes. Florida's Environmental Regulation Commission adopted the alternative criteria.
Animal Health Component
20%
Research Effort Categories
Basic
80%
Applied
20%
Developmental
(N/A)
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
1120210119050%
1330210119050%
Goals / Objectives
Florida LAKEWATCH was officially established by the Florida Legislature in 1991 (Chapter 91-69; s. 240.5329, F.S.; now F.S. 1004.49) as Floridas volunteer water quality monitoring program. Since that time, Florida LAKEWATCH has collected reliable water quality data on over 1000 lakes and near-shore coastal waters in 57 counties.The Florida Department of Environmental Protection has concluded that volunteer monitoring should be embraced as a robust tool for obtaining credible, cost-effective data and that volunteer collected data are suitable for FLDEPs regulatory decisions.The goal of this project is expand the LAKEWATCH monitoring program to aid FLDEPs efforts to insure numeric nutrient criteria established in consultation with the USEPA are achieved and to assess long-term changes in water quality in Florida lakes. Outcomes include results from time series analyses for 27 Florida lakes with continuous monthly nutrient, chlorophyll, and water clarity data for at least 20 years and an evaluation of simpler approachs using data from 193 Florida LAKEWATCH lakes with at least 15 years of data. Additionally,evaluating the Florida Department of Environmental Protections Lake Vegetation Index (LVI) as an approach to assess lake health and comparison with USEPA approaches will be made.
Project Methods
Florida LAKEWATCH volunteers are trained by UF/IFAS professionals at their lake on how to properly collect samples (Canfield et. al. 2002). Volunteers collect surface water samples for nutrient analyses in 250 mL acid-washed plastic Nalgene bottles and filtered water on sites or at their homes to collect planktonic algae for chlorophyll analysis. Both nutrient samples and chlorophyll filter are frozen for later transportation to the University of Floridas LAKEWATCH laboratory where samples are analyzed. All samples are analyzed between 1 and 3 months after collection, which is within the prescribed LAKEWATCH holding time of 1 to 6 months. For total phosphorus determination, LAKEWATCH personnel use a persulfate digestion method from Menzel and Corwin (1965) and measure concentrations with the colorimetric procedures of Murphy and Riley (1962). For total nitrogen determination, LAKEWATCH personnel follow a method described in Bachmann and Canfield (1996), in which the sample is prepared using an autoclave and persulfate digestion (all nitrogen oxidized), and then all NO3 in the sample is measured and reported as total nitrogen. For chlorophyll analysis, laboratory technicians extract pigment by soaking filters in 90% ethanol, heated to 78 C for 5 minutes (Sartory and Grobbelaar 1984). They then use the trichromatic equation (Method 10200 H, APHA 2005) to calculate the concentration of chlorophyll. LAKEWATCH reports total phosphorus and chlorophyll to 1 μg/L and total nitrogen to 10 μg/L. All data are made available upon request and also placed in the USEPAs national database (STORET).Information garnered is published in scientific journals such as Lake and Reservoir Management and Limnology and Oceanography.Information is also transferred to the Florida Department of Environmental Protection and then presented where needed to the Florida Environmental Regulation Commission and the Florida legislature.

Progress 10/01/18 to 03/04/19

Outputs
Target Audience:Aquatic Resource Stakeholders of Florida including private citizens as well as government agencies. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Nothing Reported What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? 1) LAKEWATCH Staff conducted four Regional meetings giving last year's data to volunteers, describing the status of their lakes and fielding questions from stakeholders about lake management issues. Polk County 2/28/19, 17 people attended. Charlotte, Collier, Lee, and Sarasota Counties 3-27-19 17 people are signed up to attend. 2) Currently, working with Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) on how to adapt Florida LAKEWATCH data management procedures to fit into FDEP's new data storage and retrievals system WIN (Watershed Information System). Continuing to adapt the LAKEWATCH laboratory to a new Standard Operating Procedure and preparing for FDEP Laboratory audit in late April 2019. 3) Working through IFAS Lobbyist, Mary Ann Hooks, Director UF/IFAS Governmental Affairs, to update the Florida statute that created Florida LAKEWATCH. The following is the proposed Statute with changes underlined: Proposed Statute 1004.49 Florida LAKEWATCH Program.--The Florida LAKEWATCH Program is hereby created within the Program of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, School of Forest Resources and Conservation, of the Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences at the University of Florida. The purpose of the program is to provide public education and training with respect to the water quality of Florida's lakes, streams and estuaries. The Program of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences may, in implementing the LAKEWATCH program: (1) Train, supervise, and coordinate volunteers to collect water quality data from Florida's lakes, streams and estuaries. (2) Compile the data collected by volunteers. (3) Disseminate information to the public about the LAKEWATCH program. (4) Provide or loan equipment to volunteers in the program. (5) Perform other functions as may be necessary or beneficial in coordinating the LAKEWATCH program. Data collected and compiled shall be used to establish trends, provide general background information and may be used by Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) when deemed to meet sufficient quality assurance and quality control requirements. 4) Analyzed yearly data collected by volunteers creating annual reports that are given to all volunteers at 18 Regional Meetings 5) The Director of Florida LAKEWATCH: Participated in the Executive Board meeting for the Florida Water Resources Water Monitoring Council. Represented University of Florida on a Technical Advisory Committee for the Harris Chain of Lakes Restoration Council (February and March monthly meetings). Collaborating with Kai Lorenz on a project funded by Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission entitled: "Habitat Management Plan for Lake Istokpoga, Highlands County Florida." Held second and third stakeholder meeting gathering public input to help inform the habitat management plan. Published Florida LAKEWATCH quarterly newsletter (Dedicated to sharing information about water management and the Florida LAKEWATCH Program: Volume # 84) Finished revising the following manuscript that is now accepted and will be published in the latest issue of Lake and Reservoir Management: Chao Xiong & Mark V. Hoyer (2018): Influence of land use and rainfall variability on nutrient concentrations in Florida Lakes, Lake and Reservoir Management, DOI:10.1080/10402381.2018.1511659 Selected to sit on the Advisory Board for a new coastal water quality monitoring program called "Water Watch". Selected to sit on a toxic algae Technical Advisory Group for University of Florida. Received grant from Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission to organize long-term fish, aquatic plant, herbicide and water quality data sets and examine impacts of lake management activities on fish populations. The title of the project is "Empirical analyses of water quality, long-term fish and aquatic plant population data in relation to aquatic plant management actions." Attended and presented research at the 7th Biennial FWC - IFAS Research Review Meeting. Presentation was entitled "Empirical analyses of water quality, long-term fish and aquatic plant population data in relation to aquatic plant management actions." Wrote a chapter entitled "Lake and Aquatic Plant Management" for a best management practices (BMP's) handbook Entitled, "The enhancement of environmental quality on Florida golf courses." Wrote chapter on grass carp for a BMP handbook entitled, "Biology and control of Aquatic Plants." Finished a Chapter in a New Zealand Lake Management Book: Hoyer, M. V. 2017. Florida LAKEWATCH: one of many examples demonstrating success in the globally emerging field of citizen science. In Hamilton D., Collier K., Howard-Williams C., Quinn J., eds. Lake Restoration Handbook: A New Zealand Perspective. Springer International Publishing AG, Cham. Collaborated with scientist from 22 countries to ecology of submersed aquatic plants yielding the following publication: Janne Alahuhta1, Marja Lindholm, Claudia P. Bove, Eglantine Chappuis, John Clayton, Mary de Winton, Tõnu Feldmann, Frauke Ecke, Esperança Gacia, Patrick Grillas, Mark V. Hoyer, Lucinda B. Johnson, Agnieszka Kolada, Sarian Kosten, Torben Lauridsen, Balázs A. Lukács, Marit Mjelde, Roger P. Mormul, Laila Rhazi, Mouhssine Rhazi, Laura Sass, Martin Søndergaard, Jun Xu, Jani Heino. 2018. Global patterns in the metacommunity structuring of lake macrophytes: regional variations and driving factors. Oecologia: 188:1167-1182. DOI 10.1007/s00442-018-4294-0. Continued collaborating with researchers (Dr. Emma Weeks UF, Dr. James Cuda UF, Dr. Jennifer Gillett-Kaufman UF, and Dr. Mark Jackson USDA) on a three-year project entitled "A Sustainable Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Strategy for the Invasive Aquatic Weed Hydrilla." The National Institute of Food and Agriculture, US Department of Agriculture is funding this project. Weeks, E. N. I., J. P. Cuda, J. L. Gillett-Kaufman, M. V. Hoyer, M. A. Jackson. 2017. Demonstrating A Sustainable IPM Strategy for The Invasive Aquatic Weed Hydrilla. Annual Report. National Center for Agriculture, USDA.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2019 Citation: Xiong C., and M. V. Hoyer. 2019. Influence of land use and rainfall variability on nutrient concentrations in Florida lakes. Lake and Reservoir Management. 35:25-38


Progress 03/05/14 to 03/04/19

Outputs
Target Audience:Aquatic Resource Stakeholders of Florida including private citizens as well as government agencies. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Nothing Reported What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? 1) LAKEWATCH Staff conducted four Regional meetings giving last year's data to volunteers, describing the status of their lakes and fielding questions from stakeholders about lake management issues. Polk County 2/28/19, 17 people attended. Charlotte, Collier, Lee, and Sarasota Counties 3-27-19 17 people are signed up to attend. 2) Currently, working with Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) on how to adapt Florida LAKEWATCH data management procedures to fit into FDEP's new data storage and retrievals system WIN (Watershed Information System). Continuing to adapt the LAKEWATCH laboratory to a new Standard Operating Procedure and preparing for FDEP Laboratory audit in late April 2019. 3) Working through IFAS Lobbyist, Mary Ann Hooks, Director UF/IFAS Governmental Affairs, to update the Florida statute that created Florida LAKEWATCH. The following is the proposed Statute with changes underlined: Proposed Statute 1004.49 Florida LAKEWATCH Program.--The Florida LAKEWATCH Program is hereby created within the Program of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, School of Forest Resources and Conservation, of the Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences at the University of Florida. The purpose of the program is to provide public education and training with respect to the water quality of Florida's lakes, streams and estuaries. The Program of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences may, in implementing the LAKEWATCH program: (1) Train, supervise, and coordinate volunteers to collect water quality data from Florida's lakes, streams and estuaries. (2) Compile the data collected by volunteers. (3) Disseminate information to the public about the LAKEWATCH program. (4) Provide or loan equipment to volunteers in the program. (5) Perform other functions as may be necessary or beneficial in coordinating the LAKEWATCH program. Data collected and compiled shall be used to establish trends, provide general background information and may be used by Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FDEP) when deemed to meet sufficient quality assurance and quality control requirements. 4) Analyzed yearly data collected by volunteers creating annual reports that are given to all volunteers at 18 Regional Meetings 5) The Director of Florida LAKEWATCH: Participated in the Executive Board meeting for the Florida Water Resources Water Monitoring Council. Represented University of Florida on a Technical Advisory Committee for the Harris Chain of Lakes Restoration Council (February and March monthly meetings). Collaborating with Kai Lorenz on a project funded by Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission entitled: "Habitat Management Plan for Lake Istokpoga, Highlands County Florida." Held second and third stakeholder meeting gathering public input to help inform the habitat management plan. Published Florida LAKEWATCH quarterly newsletter (Dedicated to sharing information about water management and the Florida LAKEWATCH Program: Volume # 84) Finished revising the following manuscript that is now accepted and will be published in the latest issue of Lake and Reservoir Management: Chao Xiong & Mark V. Hoyer (2018): Influence of land use and rainfall variability on nutrient concentrations in Florida Lakes, Lake and Reservoir Management, DOI:10.1080/10402381.2018.1511659 Selected to sit on the Advisory Board for a new coastal water quality monitoring program called "Water Watch". Selected to sit on a toxic algae Technical Advisory Group for University of Florida. Received grant from Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission to organize long-term fish, aquatic plant, herbicide and water quality data sets and examine impacts of lake management activities on fish populations. The title of the project is "Empirical analyses of water quality, long-term fish and aquatic plant population data in relation to aquatic plant management actions." Attended and presented research at the 7th Biennial FWC - IFAS Research Review Meeting. Presentation was entitled "Empirical analyses of water quality, long-term fish and aquatic plant population data in relation to aquatic plant management actions." Wrote a chapter entitled "Lake and Aquatic Plant Management" for a best management practices (BMP's) handbook Entitled, "The enhancement of environmental quality on Florida golf courses." Wrote chapter on grass carp for a BMP handbook entitled, "Biology and control of Aquatic Plants." Finished a Chapter in a New Zealand Lake Management Book: Hoyer, M. V. 2017. Florida LAKEWATCH: one of many examples demonstrating success in the globally emerging field of citizen science. In Hamilton D., Collier K., Howard-Williams C., Quinn J., eds. Lake Restoration Handbook: A New Zealand Perspective. Springer International Publishing AG, Cham. Collaborated with scientist from 22 countries to ecology of submersed aquatic plants yielding the following publication: Janne Alahuhta1, Marja Lindholm, Claudia P. Bove, Eglantine Chappuis, John Clayton, Mary de Winton, Tõnu Feldmann, Frauke Ecke, Esperança Gacia, Patrick Grillas, Mark V. Hoyer, Lucinda B. Johnson, Agnieszka Kolada, Sarian Kosten, Torben Lauridsen, Balázs A. Lukács, Marit Mjelde, Roger P. Mormul, Laila Rhazi, Mouhssine Rhazi, Laura Sass, Martin Søndergaard, Jun Xu, Jani Heino. 2018. Global patterns in the metacommunity structuring of lake macrophytes: regional variations and driving factors. Oecologia: 188:1167-1182. DOI 10.1007/s00442-018-4294-0. Continued collaborating with researchers (Dr. Emma Weeks UF, Dr. James Cuda UF, Dr. Jennifer Gillett-Kaufman UF, and Dr. Mark Jackson USDA) on a three-year project entitled "A Sustainable Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Strategy for the Invasive Aquatic Weed Hydrilla." The National Institute of Food and Agriculture, US Department of Agriculture is funding this project. Weeks, E. N. I., J. P. Cuda, J. L. Gillett-Kaufman, M. V. Hoyer, M. A. Jackson. 2017. Demonstrating A Sustainable IPM Strategy for The Invasive Aquatic Weed Hydrilla. Annual Report. National Center for Agriculture, USDA.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2019 Citation: Xiong C., and M. V. Hoyer. 2019. Influence of land use and rainfall variability on nutrient concentrations in Florida lakes. Lake and Reservoir Management. In Press.


Progress 10/01/17 to 09/30/18

Outputs
Target Audience:January 1 through March 31, 2018 1) LAKEWATCH Staff conducted three Regional meetings giving last year's data to volunteers, describing the status of their lakes and fielding questions from stakeholders about lake management issues. Charlotte, Collier, Lee and Sarasota Counties: 1/24/18, 72 people attended Polk Counties: 2/21/18, 16 people attended Franklin, Jefferson, Gadsden and Leon Counties: 3/7/18, 18 people attended 2) Florida LAKEWATCH Regional Coordinators trained 18 new volunteers, adding 18 lakes from 11 different counties to the LAKEWATCH program. Florida LAKEWATCH Quarterly Report April 1 through June 30, 2018 1) LAKEWATCH Staff conducted four Regional meetings giving last year's data to volunteers, describing the status of their lakes and fielding questions from stakeholders about lake management issues. Lake, Marion, and Sumter Counties 4/18/18; 26 people attended Osceola County 5/22/18; 13 people attended Volusia and Flagler Counties 5/30/18; 18 people attended Orange County 6/19/18; 22 people attended 2) Florida LAKEWATCH Regional Coordinators trained 35 new volunteers, adding 35 lakes from 17 different counties to the LAKEWATCH program Florida LAKEWATCH Quarterly Report July 1 through September 30, 2018 1) LAKEWATCH Staff conducted four Regional meetings giving last year's data to volunteers, describing the status of their lakes and fielding questions from stakeholders about lake management issues. Seminole County 7/24/18; 55 people attended Bay, Calhoun, Gulf, and Jackson Counties 8/17/18; 19 people attended Walton, Okaloosa, Escambia, Santa Rosa, Holmes and Washington Counties 8/18/18; 13 people attended Alachua, Hamilton, Bradford, and Columbia Counties 9/6/18; 19 people attended 2) Florida LAKEWATCH Regional Coordinators trained 31 new volunteers, adding 31 waterbodies from 14 different counties to the LAKEWATCH program. Florida LAKEWATCH Quarterly Report October 1 through December 31, 2018 1) LAKEWATCH Staff conducted four Regional meetings giving last year's data to volunteers, describing the status of their lakes and fielding questions from stakeholders about lake management issues. Clay, Duval, Putnam, and St. Johns Counties 10/03/18, 15 people attended Hillsborough, Pasco, and Pinellas Counties 10/10/18, 23 people attended Highlands County 11/04/18, 15 people attended 2) Florida LAKEWATCH Regional Coordinators trained 22 new volunteers, adding 22 waterbodies from 12 different counties to the LAKEWATCH program. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Public meetings with volunteers and Scientific Publications. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Continue operating LAKEWATCH in the same fashion as last year.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? LAKEWATCH continues to work with citizen collecting and analyzing water quality for lakes, streams and estuaries throughout Florida. The data are organized and provided to all state agencies and stored in Florida Department of Environmental Protections data storage and retreval system called Watershed Information Network (WIN)

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Bachmann, R. W., M. V. Hoyer, D. E. Canfield, Jr. 2018. Possible sediment mixing and the disparity between field measurements and paleolimnological inferences in shallow Iowa lakes in the Midwestern United States. Geosciences. 8, 40; doi:10.3390/geosciences8020040.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2019 Citation: Xiong C., and M. V. Hoyer. 2019. Influence of land use and rainfall variability on nutrient concentrations in Florida lakes. Lake and Reservoir Management. In Press.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2018 Citation: Janne Alahuhta1, Marja Lindholm, Claudia P. Bove, Eglantine Chappuis, John Clayton, Mary de Winton, T�nu Feldmann, Frauke Ecke, Esperan�a Gacia, Patrick Grillas, Mark V. Hoyer, Lucinda B. Johnson, Agnieszka Kolada, Sarian Kosten, Torben Lauridsen, Bal�zs A. Luk�cs, Marit Mjelde, Roger P. Mormul, Laila Rhazi, Mouhssine Rhazi, Laura Sass, Martin S�ndergaard, Jun Xu, Jani Heino. 2018. Global patterns in the metacommunity structuring of lake macrophytes: regional variations and driving factors. Oecologia 188:1167-1182. DOI 10.1007/s00442-018-4294-0.


Progress 10/01/16 to 09/30/17

Outputs
Target Audience:Aquatic Resource Stakeholders of Florida including private citizens as well as government agencies. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Data collected through the LAKEWATCH program is available to all aquatic resource stakeholders. It has been loaded into US EPA's data storage and retrieval system called STORET What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?1) Continue genral LAKEWATCH activities listed above. 2) Increase interactions with Florida Department of Environmental Protection on how best to use the Florida LAKEWATCH program to help monitor/manage aquatic systems in Florida.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Most of Florida's universities, local and county governments as well as all Florida state agencies have identified water quality as one of Florida's major areas of concern. Florida Department of Environmental Protection (FLDEP) is charged with organizing the monitoring of Florida lakes. It has become clear that there is not enough money available for local, county and/or state agencies to monitor all the waters of the state (over 7,700 lakes, combined 10,550 miles of streams) with the high level of quality assurance quality control (QA-QC) placed on agencies by FLDEP. Monitoring water quality using citizen volunteers is the only way for the state of Florida to maintain adequate and cost-effective coverage for all the water quality monitoring that is needed. Monitoring with LAKEWATCH volunteers is cost effective sampling, which requires a lower level of QA-QC than is required for setting standards or mitigation by FLDEP. It also permits Florida to canvas the largest number of aquatic systems that the budget will allow. In 2012, Florida LAKEWATCH and the FLDEP conducted a comparison study with each group using their respective standard operating protocols for field and laboratory activities to determine data comparability. LAKEWATCH and FLDEP data were very comparable and it was concluded that volunteer monitoring could be embraced as a robust tool for obtaining credible, cost-effective data. The study also demonstrated the volunteer collected data are suitable for FLDEP's regulatory decisions. Additionally, the need and importance of Florida LAKEWATCH became very clear during the State of Florida's recent interactions with the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) regarding numeric nutrient criteria. Florida LAKEWATCH analyzed over 45,000 water samples per year for at least 15 years. This effort provided the FLDEP with close to 18% of their water quality data on lakes. The data were also located in the USEPA's national database (STORET). The LAKEWATCH data permitted a demonstration that USEPA's nutrient criteria were not scientifically credible for Florida and allowed the Florida Department of Environmental Protection to advance credible alternative criteria for lakes. Florida's Environmental Regulation Commission adopted the alternative criteria.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2017 Citation: Canfield D. E. Jr., R. W. Bachmann, M. V. Hoyer. 2017. Long-term chlorophyll trends in Florida lakes. Journal of Aquatic Plant Management. in press.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: Bachmann, R. W., M. V. Hoyer, A. C. Croteau, and D. E. Canfield Jr. 2017. Factors related to Secchi depths and their stability over time as determined from a probability sample of United States lakes. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 189:205 doi:10.1007/s10661-017-5911-9
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Under Review Year Published: 2017 Citation: Xiong C., and M. V. Hoyer. 2017. Influence of land use and climate variability on nutrient concentrations in Florida lakes. Lake and Reservoir Management. In Review.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2017 Citation: de Kerckhove, D.T., Freedman, J.A., Wilson, K.L., Hoyer, M.V., Chu, C., and Minns, C.K. 2017. Choosing Spatial Units for Landscape-Based Management of the Fisheries Protection Program. DFO Can. Sci. Advis. Sec. Res. Doc. 2017/040. v + 44.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Under Review Year Published: 2017 Citation: Weeks, E.N.I., Gillett-Kaufman, J.L., and Hoyer M.V. 2017. Hydrilla Integrated Pest Management: How to Reach New Audiences. Journal of Science Communication. In Review


Progress 10/01/15 to 09/30/16

Outputs
Target Audience: Nothing Reported Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Nothing Reported What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Fund Raising Activities 1) Worked with Mary Ann Gosa-Hooks, Director Government Affairs, UF/IFAS Institute of Food & Agricultural Sciences to get a Legislative adjustment increasing LAKEWATCH funding to a level needed to support current activities. Made multiple trips to Tallahassee meeting with Legislators, informing them about the LAKEWATCH program and value to the state. These activities were extremely successful with an adjustment to $500,000 of reoccurring dollars for the program. 2) Working with Hillsborough County Public Works to maintain an ongoing contract monitoring water quality, plants and fish in Hillsborough County Lakes. 3) Collaborating with Alachua County Environmental Protection Department and Aquifer Watch on a study entitled "Lower Santa Fe River Basin Springs and Groundwater Synoptic Nitrate Sampling and Outreach." This study is funded with a Wildlife Foundation of Florida Protect Florida Springs Tag Grant. We are utilized volunteers to sample water from their private wells to determine ground water nitrate concentrations in the Santa Fe River basin during wet and dry seasons. Additional Activities 1) Serve on the Executive Committee for the Florida Water Resources Monitoring Council (FWRMC) and on the Salinity Network working group for the council. 2) On the salinity network-working group (FWRMC), I am attempting to start a new program under the LAKEWATCH umbrella called Aquifer Watch where we are recruiting and training volunteers to monitor aquifer water level and salinity around the state. 3) Serve on the National Reservoir Fisheries Habitat Partnership Executive Board as a North American Lake Management Society Representative. 4) Attended annual North American Lake Management Society Symposium and Chair the NALMS's National Water Quality Monitoring Committee. Successfully transfer a national volunteer water clarity monitoring program, the Secchi Dip-In, from Dr. Robert Carlson to NALMS and worked an agreement with US EPA to load the 15 years of historical data from the Dip-In to STORET. 5) Attended annual Florida Lake Management Society Symposium organizing program sessions on lake management and volunteer monitoring, monitor sessions and presented a paper. 6) Finished my second year as an Associate Editor of NALMS journal Lake Reservoir Management. 7) Once a month I represent the University of Florida on the Technical Advisory Committee for the Harris Chain of Lakes restoration Council providing Limnological information on the Harris Chain of Lakes.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: " Canfield D. E. Jr., R. W. Bachmann, D. B. Stephens, M. V. Hoyer, L. Bacon, S. Williams, and M. Scott. 2016. Monitoring by citizen scientists demonstrates water clarity of Maine (USA) lakes is stable, not declining, due to cultural eutrophication. Inland Waters 6:11-27.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: " Canfield, D. E. Jr., M. V. Hoyer, I. Ruiz-Bernard, D. Bigham-Stevens, R. W. Bachmann. 2016. Long-term Changes in Water Quality at an Outstanding Florida Water System: Importance of Stochastic Events and Climate Change due to the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation. Lake Reservoir Management. Lake Reservoir Management.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2016 Citation: " Havens K. E., M. V. Hoyer and E. J. Phlips. 2016. Climate Variability Influences Cyanobacteria Blooms in Shallow Florida Lakes. LakeLine: in press.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: " de Kerckhove, D.T., Freedman, J.A., Wilson, K., Hoyer, M.V., Chu, C. & Minns, C.K. 2016. Choosing Spatial Units for Landscape-Based Management of the Fisheries Protection Program. DFO Can. Sci. Advis. Sec. Res. Doc. YEAR/###. v + 46 p.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: " Havens K. E., M. V. Hoyer, and E. J. Phlips. 2016. Natural Climate Variability can Influence Cyanobacteria Blooms in Florida Lakes and Reservoirs. EDIS publication SG142. University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.


Progress 10/01/14 to 09/30/15

Outputs
Target Audience:Florida stakeholders for natural resources. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Nothing Reported What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Florida LAKEWATCH is actively involved in research involving many different aquatic resource areas. LAKEWATCH staff examined the impact of tussock management activities on the water chemistry in Orange Lake Florida (Hoyer 2015a). In collaboration with Mike Netherland, US Army Engineer Research and Development Center, LAKEWATCH staff estimated the sedimentation accumulation rate in Lake Tohopekaliga 10 - years after a major lake restoration effort (Hoyer et al. 2016). In collaboration with three University of Florida and one US Department of Agriculture researchers, LAKEWATCH is examining integrated pest management strategies in local ponds for control of the invasive exotic plant Hydrilla verticillata (Weeks et al. 2015). LAKEWATCH staff with multiple researchers examined water clarity data across the United States defining the regional distribution of water clarity in relation to US Environmental Protections Ecoregions (Bigham et al. 2015). Working with staff from Choctawhatchee Basin Alliance, LAKEWATCH examined the ecological functioning of Choctawhatchee bay to determine if anthropogenic eutrophication was impacting aquatic vegetation in the Bay (Hoyer et al. 2015). With multiple researchers, LAKEWATCH staff used historical LAEWATCH fish species data to estimate error rates involved in modeling species richness in aquatic systems (Gwinn et al. 2015). Internationally, LAKEWATCH worked with the North American Lake Management Society, American Fisheries Society, and Aquatic Plant Management Society, trying to increase communications among aquatic scientists to help better manage aquatic systems with the limited financial resource available (Hoyer et al. 2015). LAKEWATCH staff wrote an article describing the LAKEWATCH program to be used as a successful example of volunteer monitoring and this article will appear in a New Zealand book on lake management practices (Hoyer 2015b). LAKEWATCH aquatic plant data was joined with data from over 25 counties across the globe to examine ecological gradients relating to aquatic plant diversity (Alahuhta et al. 2015).

Publications

  • Type: Other Status: Submitted Year Published: 2015 Citation: Weeks, E. N. I., J. P. Cuda, J. L. Gillett-Kaufman, M. V. Hoyer, M. A. Jackson. 2015. Demonstrating A Sustainable IPM Strategy For The Invasive Aquatic Weed Hydrilla. Annual Report. National Center For Agriculture, USDA.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Hoyer, M. V., J. B. Terrell, and D. E. Canfield, Jr. 2015. Chain of Eutrophication Models for Assessing the Potential Impact of Nutrient Enrichment on Choctawhatchee Bay, FL, USA. Florida Scientist. Florida Scientist. 78:20-35.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Hoyer, M. V., T. McNabb, M. Allen, M. D. Netherland. 2015. Improving Communication/Cooperation Among Aquatic Professional Societies. Fisheries 40:248-251 (American Fisheries Society magazine), LakeLine 35: 62-64 (North American Lake Management Society Magazine), and Aquatics (Aquatic Plant Management Society Magazine).
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Gwinn, D. C. M. S. Allen, K. I. Bonvechio, M. V. Hoyer and L.S. Beesley. 2015. Evaluating estimators of species richness: the importance of considering statistical error rate. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. doi: 10.1111/2041-210X.12462.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2016 Citation: Hoyer, M. V., M. D. Netherland, and D. Jones. 2016. Littoral sediment accumulation 10-years after muck removal in Lake Tohopekaliga, FL, USA. Journal of Aquatic Plant Management.
  • Type: Book Chapters Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2016 Citation: Hoyer, M. V. 2015a. Florida LAKEWATCH: one of many examples demonstrating success in the globally emerging field of citizen science. In Hamilton D., Collier K., Howard-Williams C., Quinn J., eds. Lake Restoration Handbook: A New Zealand Perspective. Springer International Publishing AG, Cham.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Under Review Year Published: 2016 Citation: Alahuhta J, M. Akasaka, D. Auderset, M. Azzella, L. Balazs, R. Bolpagni, P. Chambers, E. Chappuis, I. Christiane, J. Clayton, M. de Winston, F. Ecke, E. Gacia, G.Gecheva, J. Hauxwell, S. Hellsten, M.V. Hoyer, L. B. Johnson, A. Kolada, S. Kosten, M. Kuoppala, T. Lauridsen, M. Mjelde, A. Mikulyuk, R. Mormul, J. Nishihiro, B. Oertli, L. Rhazi, L. Sass, C. Schranz, M. S�ndergaard, S. Thomaz, T. Yamanouchi, Q. Yu, H. Wang, N. Willby, J. Heino. 2015. Ecological gradients structuring global beta diversity of aquatic macrophytes. Global Ecology and Biogeography
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Bigham, D. L, R. E. Carlson, D. E. Canfield, Jr., C. A. Horsburgh, M. V. Hoyer, and R. W. Bachmann. 2015. Regional Distribution of Secchi Disk Transparency in Waters of the United States. Lake Reservoir Management. 31:55-63.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Hoyer, M. V. 2015a. Short-Term Examination of Water Chemistry Before and After Tussock Management Activities in Orange Lake FL. Final Report. Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Division of Freshwater Fisheries Management. Gainesville, FL.


Progress 03/05/14 to 09/30/14

Outputs
Target Audience: Florida stakeholders for natural resources. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Nothing Reported What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? 1) Based on the Hoyer et al. (2012) study, Drew Bartlett the Director of Division of Environmental Assessment and Restoration for FLDEP in July 2013 released the following Memorandum accepting Florida LAKEWATCH laboratory procedures for their use: The Aquatic Ecology and Quality Assurance Section (AEQAS), at my request, has reviewed method validation information and approved site-specific methods for alternative preservation and maximum holding time for total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and chlorophyll a (CHLA) samples, and a limited-use alternative method for the laboratory preparation of chlorophyll samples, collected for Florida LAKEW A TCH (L W) projects, as further explained below. Florida LAKEW ATCH is a surface water-monitoring program coordinated by the Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Department at the University of Florida. This memo provides an approval order for alternative methods as required in Rules 62-160.220(7)(a) and 62- 160.330(6)(a), F.A.C. (DEP QA Rule). Data Usability Approval of the above Florida LAK.EW A TCH methods includes the determination that sample analytical data for TN, TP and CHLA using the L W sample preservation methods, sample maximum holding time and chlorophyll filter extraction method described above meet all applicable data quality objectives for the use of approved sampling and analysis procedures for the following: 1. Development and implementation of numeric nutrient criteria for proposed water quality standards in Chapter 62-302, F.A.C.; 2. Impairment assessment of surface waters according to requirements in Chapter 62-303, F.A.C.; 3. Development of Total Maximum Daily Loads; and, 4. Development of Basin Management Action Plans. 2) Unfortunately, the numeric nutrient criteria that was approved by the state of Florida and sent to the US EPA for final approval was not completed at the time Hoyer et al. (2012) initiated their study. The final numeric nutrient criteria uses true color and alkalinity to define large envelopes that have individual nutrient criteria values and Hoyer et al. (2012) did not examine color and alkalinity in their comparison study. In the numeric nutrient criteria colored lakes have color with > 40 Platinum Cobalt Units and clear lakes have color values < 40 Platinum Cobalt Units. Clear lakes are further divided into low alkalinity (< 20 mg/L as CaCO3) and high alkalinity (> 20 mg/L as CaCO3) lakes. LAKEWATCH has sufficient water preserved by freezing after nutrient analyses to analyze samples collected by volunteers for color and alkalinity but does not routinely conduct these analyses. To determine if color and alkalinity can be successfully analyzed on frozen water, another study was conducted analyzing fresh samples from a range of lakes and freezing the same water for analysis out to five months. The manuscript is currently under review by the editors from the North American Society of Lake Management’s Journal “Lake and Reservoir Management”. The summary of the study and findings are as follows suggesting that frozen water can be used for analysis of color and alkalinity: Three surface water samples from three different stations on six lakes were collected to compare true color and total alkalinity data analyzed using fresh samples with those preserved by freezing for two and five months. Nested variance component analysis showed lake-to-lake differences account for 99.3% of the variance in total alkalinity and 98.7% of the variance in color, while station within lake and preservation method within station and lake both accounted for less than 1.5% of the variance for either analyte. For total alkalinity, analysis of covariance between fresh data and that measured from samples frozen for five months showed that both slopes and intercepts were not significantly different and paired t-Test also showed no significant difference. For color, analysis of covariance between fresh data and data from samples frozen for five months showed that intercepts were different, but that the slopes were not different and paired t-Test showed a significant mean difference of only -7 Pt-Co units for color. This study supports the use of freezing as a preservation method for analysis of total alkalinity. Considering the variability of color within and among lakes along with the scale of individual analyses freezing as a preservation method for analysis of color can be used to classify lakes as colored or clear. 3) Using LAKEWATCH data Dr. Roger Bachmann evaluated the Florida Department of Environmental Protection’s Lake Vegetation Index (LVI) as an approach to assess lake health (Bachmann et al 2013). This work agreed with and was undertaken because earlier work suggested the LVI could not assess the biological health of Florida lakes (Thomas 2009). Similarly, the United States Environmental Protection Agency attempted to assess the biological health of U.S. lakes using diatoms analyses on sediment cores from lakes across the US during their 2007 National Lake Assessment survey. The data were reanalyzed and showed that the proportions of lakes categorized as oligotrophic, mesotrophic, eutrophic, and hypereutrophic for the presettlement time period were not significantly different from the proportions found in 2007 (Bachmann et al 2013b, Bachmann et al. 2014). 4) Volunteer collected data for evaluation long-term trends in Florida’s aquatic systems are becoming extremely important because there are very few long-term data available for this type of analyses. Specifically, Dr. Dana Bigham has completed time series analyses for 27 Florida lakes with continuous monthly nutrient, chlorophyll, and water clarity in for at least 20 years (Bigham 2012). She has also developed a simpler approach using data from 193 Florida LAKEWATCH lakes with at least 15 years of data. Additionally, Hoyer et al. (2013a) used 11 years of volunteer collected water chemistry data to examine spatial and temporal (seasonal and annual) in Choctawhatchee Bay Florida. Hoyer et al. (2014a) used these same data to examine the potential impacts of eutrophication on the aquatic plant distribution in the bay. 5) The use of citizen scientists to assist in collecting data that are needed to help manage the nations natural resources is increasing across the country. The editors of Florida Scientist are acknowledging this by dedicating a whole issue to the use of citizen scientists in Florida. The editors asked LAKEWATCH staff to write an article describing the success of the program to potentially be used as a template for other volunteer groups. The manuscript has been completed, accepted by reviewers and will be published in the December 2014 issue of Florida Scientist (Hoyer et al 2014b).

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2014 Citation: Bachmann, R. W., M. V. Hoyer, D. E. Canfield, Jr. 2014 Response to comments: Quantification of the extent of cultural eutrophication of natural lakes in the United States. Limnology and Oceanography. In press.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2014 Citation: Hoyer, M. V., J. B. Terrell, and D. E. Canfield, Jr. 2014a. Chain of Eutrophication Models for Assessing the Potential Impact of Nutrient Enrichment on Choctawhatchee Bay, FL, USA. Florida Scientist. In press.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2014 Citation: Hoyer, M. V., D. L. Bigham, R. W. Bachmann, and D. E. Canfield, Jr. 2014b. Florida LAKEWATCH: Citizen Scientists Monitoring Aquatic Systems and How Data Are Used. Florida Scientist. In press.