Source: GORDON RESEARCH CONFERENCES, INC submitted to
2013 PLANT-HERBIVORE INTERACTION GORDON RESEARCH CONFERENCE
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
TERMINATED
Funding Source
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
0233003
Grant No.
2013-67014-20651
Project No.
RIW-2013-00513
Proposal No.
2013-00513
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Program Code
A1111
Project Start Date
Apr 1, 2013
Project End Date
Mar 31, 2014
Grant Year
2013
Project Director
Orians, C. M.
Recipient Organization
GORDON RESEARCH CONFERENCES, INC
512 LIBERTY LN
WEST KINGSTON,RI 02892-1502
Performing Department
(N/A)
Non Technical Summary
The twelfth Plant Herbivore Interaction Gordon Research Conference brings together researchers from diverse disciplines to understand and predict the complex relationships between plants and herbivores. Since many herbivores are economic pests, this conference covers topics important to the design of ecologically sustainable production systems, including mechanisms of plant resistance to herbivores, the importance of tri-trophic interactions, microbial mediation of plant and herbivore performance, and the consequences of climate change. The conference also provides an ecological and evolutionary context to help anticipate and manage intended and unintended consequences of plant breeding for pest resistance. Since plants and herbivores together comprise the majority of non-microbial species inhabiting our world, understanding how plants and herbivores interact provides mechanistic understanding and useful generalizations about the nature and maintenance of much of the Earths ecological communities and biological diversity.
Animal Health Component
(N/A)
Research Effort Categories
Basic
60%
Applied
40%
Developmental
(N/A)
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
2012499104020%
2012499107020%
2012499108010%
2113110113020%
2113110118010%
2113110101020%
Goals / Objectives
Gordon Research Conference on Plant Herbivore Interaction The 2013 meeting will be the 12th Gordon Research Conference on Plant-Herbivore Interactions. For over 30 years, the GRC series on Plant-Herbivore Interactions has served as a premier forum for scientists investigating the ecology and evolution of plant-herbivore interactions. In addition to being an important venue for sharing late breaking results, its broad influence makes the conference series an influential determinant of research directions in the field. The goal of the Gordon Research Conference on Plant Herbivore Interaction, held every three years, is to understand and predict the complex relationships between plants and herbivores. Many herbivores are economic pests and their roles in agricultural and forest systems are important and informative components of these meetings. The study of plant-herbivore interaction is highly interdisciplinary and there is no venue other than the PHI GRC at which entomologists, botanists, ecologists, evolutionary biologists, behaviorists, physiologists, chemists, and molecular biologists all interact. Historically, the study of plant insect interactions has drawn from virtually all disciplines in the biological and chemical sciences; hence, a PHI GRC is about as interdisciplinary as one can imagine, with expertise ranging from molecular genetics to ecosystem ecology, from microbes to mammals, and from cornfields to rainforests. The anticipated outputs are many. This conference is transformative because it brings together an outstanding group of 200 junior and senior scientists. The format of the conference with programmed morning and evening discussion sessions and opportunities for informal gatherings in the afternoons and evenings, provides an exciting venue for scientists from different disciplines to brainstorm and debate across disciplinary boundaries. Moreover, the collegial atmosphere of this conference and breadth of research areas represented, provides a unique opportunity for creative discussions that lead to new perspectives, syntheses, research directions, and new collaborations.
Project Methods
The conference brings together roughly 200 young and established scientists for four and a half days of cutting edge presentations and discussions. Past participants of this workshop have noted that these meetings are an important reference point for the fields progress, and set the tone for intervening periods. This success can be attributed to at least three characteristics: 1) a combination of excellent formal programs with a meeting atmosphere that is conducive to informal discussion and critical debate, 2) maintenance of a diverse topical approach to plant-herbivore studies, which distinguishes this conference from more narrowly targeted conferences, and 3) development of lasting professional links and collaborations among participants. Moreover, abundance of young scientists, participation by a broad international community, and the GRC schedule of afternoon discussion time provides a unique opportunity for the kind of creative cross talk that leads to new perspectives, syntheses, and research directions and collaborations. In fact, participants often report that the field has made tremendous progress in part because of the GRC conferences held every 3 years, and they usually rank this as their most useful scientific meeting to attend. The Gordon Research Conference also devotes considerable resources to helping Chairs assess the degree to which the conference successfully achieves its goals. There is an evaluation form that each participant is strongly encouraged to fill out before they leave the premises. Considerable time at the meeting is spent on this form, and equally important, the results are carefully tabulated and presented to the chairs in an excellent web-based format after the meeting. In addition, the newly elected chair is a vice chair at one meeting before becoming the chair at the subsequent meeting. Thus the chair can easily familiarize him/herself with the assessment of the previous meeting and make any adjustments to continuously make improvements, where needed.

Progress 04/01/13 to 03/31/14

Outputs
Target Audience: The goal of the Plant Herbivore Interactions Gordon Research Conference is to bring together researchers from diverse disciplines to understand and predict the complex relationships between plants and herbivores. Since many herbivores are economic pests, this conference covers topics important to the design of ecologically sustainable production systems, including mechanisms of host resistance and their genetic control, the importance of tri-trophic interactions, microbial mediation of plant and herbivore performance, and the consequences of climate change to plant-herbivore interactions. This conference brought together roughly 200 young and established scientists for four and a half days of cutting edge presentations and discussions that provide a unique opportunity for creative cross talk leading to new perspectives, syntheses, and research directions. With funding from USDA we were able to offset the costs of the 25 invited speakers adn the co-chair of the meeting. (The costs of the chair, myself, were covered by my home institution). Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? During the informal meeeting times, young scientists, graduate students and post docs, used this time to network and explore future collaborations and jobs. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Nothing Reported What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? The speakers covered a diversity of key topics in the field. They were: 1. Genetic and Ecological Drivers of Chemical Defense Evolution in Plants 2. Herbivore Detoxification: New Insights from Genomics 3. Beyond Secondary Chemicals: Integrating Plant Nutrients 4. Plant Mediated Interactions 5. Consequences of Induction: From Individuals to Communities 6. Shifting Interactions in a Changing World: Human-Altered Plantscapes 7. Extended Phenotypes: Probing the microbial world 8. Shifting Interactions in a Changing World: Climate Change In addition to time built into the schedule for discussion after each speaker presentation, there were poster presentations and many formal and informal discussion sessions that attendants organized. Below I highlight some of these discussions An emphasis of this years plant herbivore GRC was on the use of molecular tools and bioinformatics to better understand both plant and herbivore responses. Researchers organized a “metabolomics of plant herbivore interactions” breakout session. There was a lot of interest (over 40 people showed up) and this eventually led to the formation of subgroups that studies specific systems (e.g., tropical trees). Within the first breakout session, several participants noted the value of collaboration between different subdisciplines (i.e. chemists, biologists, bioinformaticians). Importantly, they established an email list so that they could post interesting findings, potential collaborations or burning questions on the topic. A second emphasis of this year’s GRC was the role of microbes in mediating plant-herbivore interactions. Discussions on this topic extended beyond the talks. For example, the endophyte researchers (Sunshine van Bael, Kari Saikkonen, Benedicte Albrectsen and Martin Heil) teamed up to work on a general, standardized protocol for isolating and naming endophytes and even used this opportunity to recruit Betsy Arnold (the world-leader in the field) to get involved since current methods are so different that direct comparisons among data sets are practically impossible!!) Another area of emphasis was induced plant responses to herbivory. The discussions that followed were dynamic and one researcher reports that the interactions he had with others helped foster an international collaboration that may advance our understanding of the kinds of cues that plants use to initiate the induction of defense. In my view, this is the hallmark of a successful conference - GRC not only helped catalyze new research, but it helped forge new collaborations among scientists that otherwise might never have met. A common theme in every Plant Herbivore GRC is tri-trophic interactions. Jennifer Thaler organized a breakout session on this topic that attracted 15+ people, including graduate students, postdocs, and faculty. The session was a wide-ranging discussion that included much intellectual cross-pollination. While some people had a very mechanistic, chemical ecology focus, others had more interest in ecological and evolutionary aspects of tri-trophic interactions. Each valued the contributions of the other and gave individuals an opportunity to become more familiar with the approaches of experts in the field. These are just examples of the rich discussions that took place formally and informally. This would have been impossible without having all these people interacting and discussing at the same location (and doing repeatedly so during the same meeting, which is a 'special feature' of a GRC... you have time to meet more than once and discuss...)! It is not unusual to see the conversations carry over to one of the tables during mealtime.

Publications