Progress 10/01/12 to 09/30/17
Outputs
Target Audience:Targeted information, based on the collective research of NC-140 coordinated research trials, was summarized for various clientele groups. Fruit tree and rootstock recommendations were developed and disseminated to the general public and targeted fruit-growing clientele,including backyard gardeners, Master Gardeners, Regional and State Extension specialists, undergraduate and graduate students, commercial fruit growers, and worldwide fruit researchers. Audiences included participants in the American Society for Horticltural Science and Missouri Master Gardeners conferences. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Research results from the peach rootstock trial were presented to clientele at various producer meetings, training workshops for regional extension staff, and two International Peach Symposiums, and multiple annual conferences of the American Society for Horticultural Science. Information gained from this research was incorporated into undergraduate and graduate level courses, as well as Master Gardener training materials. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Peach rootstock trial data was presented at the International Society for Horticultural Science Peach Symposium and a manuscript was published in Acta Horticulturae.The NC-140 website,http://nc140.org is the primary outreach component for research results collected from all project participants. Research data from the study on peach floral bud survival following exposure to low temperatures was disseminated at:https://extension.missouri.edu/warmund/cold-hardiness-redhaven.htm. Information regarding blackheart injury, rootstocks, and cultivars was included in the eXtension apple site, http://extension.org/apples, which is a key component of NC-140 outreach activities. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
The first five years of data for the 2009 peach Rootstock Trial were summarized and a draft of a manuscript will be completed in January 2017. After seven years, 13 sites remain in the trial. Tree survival was highest for peach seedling rootstocks at all locations, whereas survival of non-peach species and hybrid rootstocks was poor to fair at five locations. Imperial California had the lowest survival. Prunus Americana seedlings produced large numbers of root suckers. Largest trees were three Prunus x almond hybrids and Guardian®. Fruit size varied with location and crop load (i.e., some rootstocks had few fruit). KV010127 produced the largest fruit and Controller 5 and Mirobac (a.k.a Replantpac) the smallest fruit across all sites. Cumulative yields were generally highest with the peach rootstocks, especially Guardian®. Lowest yields were from plum hybrids and species. Cumulative yield efficiency was highest on the non-peach rootstocks including many of the plum hybrids or species. However, many of these rootstocks produced trees much smaller than the peach and almond hybrid cultivars. These data suggest there were no advantages to using clonal interspecific Prunus hybrids for peach production under current cultural practices. The clonal P. persica rootstocks 'Controller 8' and'Controller 7' are the most promising of the size-controlling rootstocks tested. Low temperature survival of peach floral buds on trees planted in the University of Missouri and Clemson NC-140 Peach Rootstock trial were evaluated in mid-November, January, and just before bud growth in the spring at Columbia, Missouri.A similar study was coordinated with cooperators at Utah State University. Based on research results obtained from this study, Lovell will be the rootstock of choice in Missouri to prevent crop loss due to low temperature injury. New knowledge was disseminated to an average of ten producers weekly by telephone or via the internet. Adoption of this information has resulted in a 20% increase in financial benefits to Missouri growers through greater fruit yields and higher fruit quality.
Publications
- Type:
Theses/Dissertations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Reighard, G., Bridges, Jr., W., Archbold , D., Wolfe, D., Atucha , A., Pokharel, R., Autio, W., Beckman, T., Black , B., Lindstrom, T., Coneva, E., Day , K., Johnson, R.S., Kushad, M., Parker, M., Robinson, T., Schupp, J. and Warmund, M. (2015). NC-140 peach rootstock testing in thirteen U.S. states. Acta Hortic. 1084: 225-232
DOI: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2015.1084.32
Davis, A.L. 2013. Low temperature survival of 'Redhaven' peach floral buds on selected rootstocks. M.S. thesis. Univ. of Missouri.
|
Progress 10/01/15 to 09/30/16
Outputs
Target Audience:Target audiences include the Missouri fruit producers, as well as those throughout North America. Audiences are reached via information posted on web sites, printed publications, and presentations at grower's meetings throughout the year. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?This study has been used by a graduate student to study the effect of low temperatures on peach floral bud survival throughout dormancy. Information gained from this research is incorporated into undergraduate lectures and training materials for regional horticulture extension specialists and Master Gardener training materials. One graduate and two undergraduate students are also mentored in this project. Professional development opportunities included participation in the NC-140 regional pome and stone fruit rootstock committee meetings and activities, and the American Society for Horticultural Science and American Pomological Society annual conferences. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?A manuscript on peach rootstock performance was published in Acta Horticulturae and information on this research trial was posted at http://www.nc140.org/plantings.html. Research data on peach floral bud survival after exposure to low temperatures was disseminated at https://extension.missouri.edu/warmund/cold-hardiness-redhaven.htm. Information on blackheart injury, rootstocks, and cultivars was included in the eXtension website http:extension.org/apples. Newsletter articles pertaining to apple production were posted at http://ipm.missouri.edu/MEG/. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Continued data collection on the 2009 NC-140 peach rootstock trial and the Modi apple research trial.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Tree growth and fruiting data were recorded on the vegetative and fruiting performance of Redhaven peach on thirteen different rootstocks. In this study, tree survival has been very low for Atlas, Viking, and GH-5 rootstocks (≤ 38%). Trees on Penta rootstock are the earliest blooming. Trees on KV 123 and KV127 rootstocks had the highest cumulative yield. Numerically, KV127 trees had greater cumulative yield efficiency and larger fruit size than Lovell trees. Average fruit weight was reduced on trees with Penta or Krymsk 1 rootstock. Tree survival has been very low for Atlas, Viking, and GH-5 rootstocks (≤ 38%). Trees on Penta rootstock were the earliest blooming. Trees on KV 123 and KV127 rootstocks had the highest cumulative yield. Numerically, KV127 trees had greater cumulative yield efficiency and larger fruit size than Lovell trees. Average fruit weight was reduced on trees with Penta or Krymsk 1 rootstock. A new apple trial was established to evaluate tree growth, yield, and pest resistance of Modi apples on three dwarfing rootstocks. Results of this study are used to formulate planting and cultural recommendations to producers which will enhance their profitability and provide a nutritious supply of fruit for consumers.
Publications
- Type:
Websites
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Warmund,M. The Dangers of Drought on Fruit Crops. MO Environ. & Garden Newsletter. June 2016.
- Type:
Websites
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Warmund,M. Split Pits in Peaches. MO Environ. & Garden Newsletter. July 2016.
|
Progress 10/01/14 to 09/30/15
Outputs
Target Audience:Target audiences include the Missouri fruit producers, as well as those throughout North America. Audiences are reached via information posted on web sites, printed publications, and presentations at grower's meetings throughout the year. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Information gained from this research is incorporated into undergraduate lectures and training materials for regional horticulture extension specialists and Master Gardener training materials. One graduateand one undergraduate studentis also mentored in this project. Professional development opportunities included participation in the NC-140 regional pome and stone fruit rootstock committee meetings and activities, and the American Society for Horticultural Science and American Pomological Society annual conferences. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?A manuscript on peach rootstock performance was published in Acta Horticulturae and information on this research trial was posted at Http://www.nc140.org/plantings.html. Research dataonpeach floral bud survival after exposure to low temperatures was disseminated at https://extension.missouri.edu/warmund/cold-hardiness-redhaven.htm. Information on blackheart injury, rootstocks, and cultivars was included in the eXtension websitehttp:extension.org/apples.Newsletter articlespertaining to apple production were posted at http://ipm.missouri.edu/MEG/. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Data collection on the peach rootstock trial and Modi apple trial will continue.A presentation will be delivered at theInternational Symposium on Integrating Canopy, Rootstock and Environmental Physiology in Orchard Systems.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Data were recorded on the vegetative and fruiting performance of Redhaven peach on thirteen different rootstocks. Aten year study was concluded onthe relationship between blackheart symptoms in apple trees and tree performance. A new apple trial was established to evaluate tree growth, yield, and pest resistance of Modi apples on three dwarfing rootstocks. Results of this study are used to formulate planting and cultural recommendations to producers which will enhance their profitability and provide a nutritious supply of fruit for consumers.
Publications
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Warmund, M. 2015. Lightening damage in apple trees. MEG Newsletter. Vol. 21 No. 3 (Mar).
Warmund, M. 2015. Know your tree fruit bud stages. MEG Newsletter. Vol. 21 No. 4 (Apr).
Warmund, M. 2015. Getting to the root of burr knots on apple trees. MEG Newsletter. Vol. 21 No. 12 (Dec).
|
Progress 10/01/13 to 09/30/14
Outputs
Target Audience:The target audiences reached included the fruitproducers of NorthAmerica. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Information gained from this research was incorporated into undergraduate lectures and Master Gardener training materials. Two undergraduate students are currently mentored in this project. A graduate student used this trial to evaluate peach floral bud hardiness as affected by rootstock for her thesis research project. Professional development opportunities included participation in NC-140 regional pome and stone fruit rootstock committee meetings and the American Society for Horticultural Sciences annual conferences. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?A manuscript on peach rootstock performance will be published in Acta Horticulturae and information regarding this research trial was posted at: http://www.nc140.org/plantings.html. Research data from the peach floral bud survival after exposure to low temperatures was disseminated at: https://extension.missouri.edu/warmund/cold-hardiness-redhaven.htm. Information on blackheart injury, rootstocks, and cultivars was included in the eXtension apple site, http://extension.org/apples. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Continue data collection on the peach rootstock trial and the appleblackheart injury study.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Data were recorded on the vegetative and fruiting performance of Redhaven peach on thirteen different rootstocks. Additionally, data werecollected from an apple trial with Suncrisp and September Wonder Fuji on M.27, B.9, and M.9 rootstocks to determine if there is a relationship between backheart injury and tree performance over a ten year period.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Reighard, G., W. Bridges, Jr., D. Archbold, A. Atucha, W. Autio, T. Beckman, B. Black, E. Coneva, K. Day, M. Kushad, R. Pokharel, R.S. Johnson, T. Lindstrom, M. Parker, T. Robinson, J. Schupp, M. Warmund, and D. Wolfe. xxxx. NC-140 Peach rootstock testing in 13 U.S. States. Acta Hort.
|
Progress 10/01/12 to 09/30/13
Outputs
Target Audience: Targeted information, based on the collective research of NC-140 coordinated research trials, was summarized for various clientele groups. Fruit tree and rootstock recommendations were developed and disseminated to the general public and special clientele, including backyard gardeners, Master Gardeners, Regional and State Extension specialists, undergraduate and graduate students, commercial fruit growers, and worldwide fruit researchers. Audiences included participants in the International Society for Horticultural Science, American Society for Horticultural Science, and International Dwarf Fruit Tree Association conferences and Missouri Mater Gardeners. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Preliminary results from the 2009 peach rootstock trial were presented at the VIII International Peach Symposium in June 2013 and were presentedto clientele at various annual meetings to peach producers. Information gained from this research was incorporated into undergraduate lectures Master Gardener training materials in 2013.After final data collection for each study included in this multi-state project,results will be analyzed collectivelyand results will bedisseminated via severalpublications, various media outlets, and presented at multiple public meetings. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Current NC-140 peach rootstock trial datawas presented at the International Society for Horticultural ScienceVIII Peach Symposium in Matera, Italy in June 2013 and a manuscript was submitted for publicationin Acta Horticulturae. Information regarding this research trialwas postedat:http://www.nc140.org/plantings.html. Reseach data from the study on peach floral bud survival following exposure to low temperatures was disseminated at: https://extension.missouri.edu/warmund/cold-hardiness-redhaven.htm. Information regarding blackheart injury, rootstocks,and cultivars was included in the eXtension apple site, http://extension.org/apples. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Data will be collected from the 2009 peach rootstock trial and the apple blackheartexperiment andstatistically analyzedin preparation for future dissemination ofresearch findings via multiple presentations andpublications whenstudies are concluded.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Low temperature survival of peach floral buds on trees planted in the Clemson and University of Missouri 2009 NC-140 Peach Rootstock Trial were evaluated in mid-November, January, and just before spring budbreak at Columbia, Missouri. Although winter temperatures were relatively warm during this two year study, Redhaven floral buds varied in cold tolerance among the rootstocks grown in Missouri in February 2012 and March 2013. In February 2012, Redhaven floral buds on trees with KV010-127 and HBOK 32 rootstocks were the most cold tolerant, but in March 2013, those on Guardian roostocks were the hardiest. For South Carolina, Redhaven floral buds on trees with Lovell and Viking rootstocks were the most hardy in January 2012, which was the only sampling date in which T50 values differed among roostocks. When data were pooled from both locations, mean floral bud T50 values were always lower in Missouri than in South Carolina at similar collection periods. Also, buds from trees on Lovell, Guardian, Bright's Hybrid #5, and HBOK 32 rootstocks were hardier than those on Controller 5 and Mirobac roostocks acrosss all sampling dates.In addition to this study,reproductive and vegetative growth data were recorded as established in NC-140protocols.Similar annual data were also collected from an appletrial with Suncrisp and September Wonder Fuji on M.27, B.9, and M.9 rootstocks to determine if there is a relationship betweenblackheart injury and tree performance over a ten year period.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Under Review
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Reighard, G.L. and NC-140 Cooperators. xxxx. NC-140 Peach rootstock testing in 13 U.S. States. Acta Hort.
- Type:
Websites
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Hoover, E., R. Marini, W. Autio, A. Biggs, J. Clements, M. Parker, D. Miller, T.Robinson, and M. Warmund. 2013.http://www.extension.org/apples.
- Type:
Websites
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Warmund, M. 2013. Cold hardiness evaluation of Redhaven peach floral buds on several rootstocks. https://extension.missouri.edu/warmund/cold-hardiness-redhaven.htm.
- Type:
Theses/Dissertations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Davis, A.L. 2013. Low temperature survival of Redhaven peach floral buds on selected rootstocks. M.S. thesis, Univ. of Missouri.
|
|