Progress 09/01/12 to 08/31/15
Outputs
Target Audience:The target audience included other researshers and the research community, extension stakeholders (farmers, growers, crop consultants, and pesticide applicators) as well as a small number of students. Research Community: this included researchers in the Pacific Northwest, particularly associated with potato production. However it also included other researchers in the potato production and entomology acrooss the county and even internationally. Extension Stakeholders: Growers, crop consultants, and pesticide applicators were all the target audience. This was on a more local scale of northeastern Oregon and south eatern Washington. Students: This project targeted a small number of students, those involved with or mentored as a result of the project and the students attending one related course at Oregon State Univerity: ENT 311, Introduction to Inegrated Pest Management. Changes/Problems:A.Attending NIFA AFRI PD meeting. The original intent was that I would attend the annual meeting for NIFA-AFRI in Washington, D.C. at least one of the two years of the project. I was quite disappointed when I heard the meeting would be cancelled in August 2013. Then it was again postponed for 2014 until early 2015. I saved funding for travel until very close to the original 2015 PD meeting dates, but when I did not receive additional information and I received an offer for a permanent job at another institution, I forfeited/used those funds before leaving my postdoctoral institution, Oregon State University. Unfortunately, since I had recently taken a new position and forfeited/used my travel funds, I was not able to attend the PD meeting in August 2015. However, I did anticipate this dilemma in 2014, as I was nearing the end of my original award period and funding. In an email from Joanne Brosh, and then again in an email from Joyce Parker, I was told that attending a different professional, national meeting would be an acceptable substitute for the PD meeting, due to its cancellation in 2013 and 2014. I made sure to attend two annual, national professional association meetings in 2014, before I accepted the new job. I was heavily involved in both meetings and presented the results from multiple objectives for my NIFA-AFRI project - acknowledging support from NIFA AFRI in all of them. It was unfortunate that the NIFA-AFRI PD meetings were cancelled in 2013 and 2014. However, I did enjoy being thoroughly involved in the two professional meetings I attended instead, outlined below: 1. Conference: Annual National Entomological Society of America meeting in Portland, OR: November 16-19, 2014 Oral Presentation: Murphy, A.F. A. Moreno, A. Fereres, and S.I. Rondon. 2014. An International perspective on a global challenge: Investigating Potato virus Y transmission in the U.S. and Europe. Annual Entomological Society of America meeting, Portland, OR: 18 Nov. https://esa.confex.com/esa/2014/webprogram/Paper86626.html Judging: PhD Student Oral Presentation Competition for Plant-Insect Interactions and Ecology Section, Session 22 on Monday Nov 17, 2014 Co-Organizer for a Member Symposium: Common Challenges and Learning Opportunities for Latin American and U.S. Entomologists: 2nd Latin American/Hispanic Symposium from 1:30-5:30 pm on Tuesday Nov 18, 2014. I volunteered to take-on the responsibilities originally assigned to Dr. Erik Echegaray, who was not able to attend the meeting. Additional details may be verified at: https://esa.confex.com/esa/2014/webprogram/start.html 2. Conference: Annual National Potato Association of America, Spokane, WA: 27-31 July 2014. Oral Presentations: 1. Murphy, A.F., R. A. Cating, P. B. Hamm, and S.I. Rondon. 2014. Evaluating sources of aphid vectors and Potato virus Y in eastern Oregon and Washington. Annual Potato Association of America meeting, Spokane, WA: 27-31 Jul, pp. 64. 2. Murphy, A.F. A. Moreno, A. Fereres, and S.I. Rondon. 2014. International endeavors in investigating Potato virus Y transmission. Annual Potato Association of America meeting, Spokane, WA: 27-31 Jul, pp. 37. Moderator: Plant Protection Session on Monday, July 28 2014 from 1:30 -4:15 pm B. Co-advisor retires. My co-advisor, Dr. James Crosslin, retired in September of 2013. I continued to work with some of his colleagues and also found a new collaborator, Dr. Robert Cating, who specializes in plant pathology. C. Spain objectives applied to the in U.S. Originally, the intention was to complete the four sub-objectives in Spain, then return to the U.S. and repeat those same objectives using the weeds and strains of PVY common to the western U.S. This objective was actually attempted approximately three times. However, the facilities in the U.S. were not easily adapted to the objectives, and contamination of the host plants with aphids was a constant problem. Besides contamination, infection of the host weed with PVY also became a problem. My co-advisor, Jim Crosslin, who specialized in plant pathology had retired by the time this problem arose, so I enlisted the help of several other plant pathologists, including Dr. Robert Cating. We were unable to resolve the issue before I accepted my new, permanent position. I even returned after taking my new position to try to complete this objective one more time without success. The facilities at the Hermiston Agricultural Research and Extension Center were recently updated - they opened some new insect and plant rearing facilities November 2015. These new facilities may enable them to complete these or similar objectives much more successfully. D. Hands-on workshops for stakeholders. Originally aphid identification keys were to be developed and disseminated in insect identification workshops, grower training sessions, extension publications, and newsletters. However, it became apparent that while growers might be interested in the number of aphids in their potato fields, knowing how to identify the exact species was not very relevant or helpful. I could easily have developed an identification key for just the few major species detected in 2013, but the identification process would have been overly tedious for a grower or stakeholder, who simply needs to know if it is an aphid. Since almost any species of aphid could be a vector, and identifying the species was not as crucial to growers, this part of the original plan was omitted so as not to waste stakeholder time, PD time, and project resources on an objective that was no longer very relevant. The species were outlined and discussed briefly in presentations at the Hermiston Annual Farm Fair and trade show in both 2013 and 2014, instead. The PD did participate in hands-on workshops in pest identification during this event, but pest identification was much more broad and general, rather than only aphid species. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?A. Professional Social Networking Site. The PD established a profile on the professional networking website LinkedIn prior to beginning her research and has kept that profile updated beyond the completion of this project. B. Collaboration with peers on multidisciplinary projects.This project opened the door for collaboration in with different researchers, many of them being in extension and from different disciplines. These collaborations resulted in publications or pending publications: PUBLICATIONS 1. Rondon, S.I., and A.F. Murphy. (Accepted). Monitoring and Controlling the Beet Leafhopper Circulifer tenellus in the Columbia Basin. Americ. J Pot. Res. #AJPR-D-15-00096. 2. Murphy, A.F., R. A. Cating, A. Goyer, P.B Hamm, and S.I. Rondon. 2014. First Report of Natural infection by 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum' in bittersweet nightshade (Solanum dulcamara) in the Columbia Basin of Eastern Oregon. Plant Dis. 98:1425. 3. Swisher, K.D., V.G. Sengoda, J. Dixon, J.E. Munyaneza, A.F. Murphy, S.I.Rondon, E.J. Wenninger, A.V. Karasev and J.M. Crosslin. 2014. Assessing potato psyllid haplotypes in potato crops in the Pacific Northwestern United States. Americ. J Pot. Res. 91: 485-491. 4. Murphy, A.F., S.I. Rondon, R. Marchosky, J. Buchman and J. Munyaneza. 2014. Evaluation of beet leafhopper transmitted virescence agent damage in the Columbia Basin. Americ. J Pot. Res. 91:101-108. 5. Swisher, K.D., V.G. Sengoda, J. Dixon, E. Echegaray, A. F. Murphy, S.I.Rondon, J.E. Munyaneza, and J.M. Crosslin. 2013. Haplotypes of the potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli, on the wild host plant, Solanum dulcamara, in the Pacific Northwestern United States. Americ. J. Pot. Res. 90: 294-296. 6. Murphy, A.F., S.I. Rondon, and A. Jensen. 2013. First report of potato psyllids, Bactericera cockerelli, overwintering in the Pacific Northwest. Americ. J Pot. Res. 90: 294-296. PUBLICATIONS (In Preparation) 1. Murphy, A.F., R. Cating, S.I. Rondon and P.B. Hamm. Beet leafhopper-transmitted virescence agent in the western United States. Diagnostic guide. Plant Management Network. 2. Murphy, A.F., R. Cating, S.I. Rondon and P.B. Hamm. First Report of Barley yellow dwarf virus in Sandberg bluegrass, Poa secunda, in Oregon. Plant Dis. 3. Murphy, A.F., J. Eggers, S.I. Rondon and P.B. Hamm. Infection development in potato daughter tubers by 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum' during storage in the lower Columbia Basin of Oregon and Washington. Plant Health Prog. 4. Klein, M., A.F. Murphy, Q. Zeb, D. Walenta, and S.I. Rondon. Aphid dynamics in the lower Columbia Basin over 30 years. C. International Collaboration and Learning Opportunities.This fellowship and project provided the PD with the opportunity to collaborate, learn from and research in Madrid, Spain for one month under a well-known PVY and aphid specialist, Dr. Alberto Fereres, at the Instituto de Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientÃficas. The PD performed one objective (described in 'Accomplishments'). She also learned how to perform an electropenetration graph (EPG) on live aphids, met many talented researchers, improved and expanded her Spanish skills, and presented the current results of this research while in Spain - acknowledging support from NIFA-AFRI. D. Grantsmanship and Authorship. The PD authored and co-authored numerous publications ranging from extension newsletters to peer-reviewed journals, all of which have been or will be outlined elsewhere in this report. Successful grant applications are listed below. GRANTS 1. Murphy, A.F., S.I. Rondon and M.K. Corp. Investigating the aphid complex in weeds near wheat fields in eastern Oregon: Distribution of species and migration to wheat fields as related to Barley yellow dwarf virus management. Oregon Wheat Commission. Jul. 2013-Jul. 2014. Grant Amount: $16,258. 2. Murphy, A.F. and S.I. Rondon. Aphid vectors and alternative sources of Potato virus Y in Oregon and Washington. Washington State Potato Commission. Jul. 2013-Jun. 2014. Grant amount: $9,524. 3. Murphy, A.F. and S.I. Rondon. Aphid vectors and alternative sources of Potato virus Y in Oregon and Washington. Oregon Potato Commission. Jul. 2013-Jun. 2014. Grant amount: $9,524. E. Extension and Teaching Experience. The PD was involved in a number of extension activities including presenting at grower and field meetings, conducting extension trials, writing reports, teaching during workshops and delivering weekly newsletters during the season. The PD also had the opportunity to teach an undergraduate course online for Oregon State University: ENT311 - Introduction to Integrated Pest Management. EXTENSION PUBLICATIONS 1. Murphy, A.F., S.I. Rondon, C.H. Wohleb and T. Waters. 2014. Western corn rootworms in eastern Oregon, Idaho, and eastern Washington. Pacific Northwest Extension Publication: PNW 662. 2. Rondon, S.I. and A.F. Murphy. 2013. More about beet leafhoppers in the Columbia Basin. Potato Progress:Vol. 8, No. 1, pg. 1. http://www.nwpotatoresearch.com/LibraryDocsZZ/PotatoProgressXIII1.pdf EXTENSION PRESENTATIONS (only 5 of 8 total listed) 1. Murphy, A.F. and S.I. Rondon. 2013. Western corn rootworm: From the Midwest to the Pacific Northwest. 40th Annual Hermiston Farm Fair and Ag Trade Show, Hermiston, OR: 5 Dec. 125 Participants. 2. Murphy, A.F., E. Echegaray and S.I. Rondon. 2013. Irrigated agriculture entomology program: Research update 2013 and beyond. Oregon State University Potato Field Day, Hermiston, OR: 26 June. 200 Participants. 3. Murphy, A.F. and S.I. Rondon. 2012. Notorious pests of corn in the Pacific Northwest. 39th Annual Hermiston Farm Fair and Ag Trade Show, Hermiston, OR: 29 Nov. 125 Participants. 4. Murphy, A.F. and S.I. Rondon. 2012. Monitoring zebra chip in the Basin: The 2012 experience. 39th Annual Hermiston Farm Fair and Ag Trade Show, Hermiston, OR: 28 Nov. 200 participants. 5. Murphy, A.F. and S.I. Rondon. 2012. Biology, ecology and management of western corn rootworm. Quincy Farm Chemicals Meeting, Quincy, WA: 6 Nov. 50 participants. EXTENSION NEWSLETTERS (only 5 of 29 total listed, see Other Products fora full list) 1. Brittain, G., R.A. Cating, A.F. Murphy and P.B. Hamm. 2014. FYI: Aphid-transmitted viruses in potatoes (Part 2). Potato Update VIII, no. 19, 12 Sept. 2. Brittain, G., R.A. Cating, A.F. Murphy and P.B. Hamm. 2014. FYI: Potato virus Y (PVY) in potatoes (Part 1). Potato Update VIII, no. 18, 5 Sept. 3. Murphy, A.F. and S.I. Rondon. 2014. FYI: Love is in the air, for aphids...Are there some in your fields or future? Potato Update VIII, no. 17, 29 Aug. 4. Murphy, A.F. and S.I. Rondon. 2014. FYI: The purple curl of disease. Potato Update VIII, no. 16, 22 Aug. 5. Murphy, A.F., Carol Mills and S.I. Rondon. 2014. FYI: Have you seen this new stinky pest? Potato Update VIII, no. 16, 22 Aug. F. Mentoring Experience. The PD taught or mentored a number of different members of the Rondon lab, including a graduate student, an international intern, an undergraduate student, and about six high school students that I employed during the project. G. The PD obtained a permanent position. My experiences during the NIFA-AFRI fellowship program helped me identify specific career goals, improve my professional skills, and find a permanent position. I was offered, and accepted, a permanent position as the Precision Irrigated Agriculture Coordinator and Instructor for a brand new precision ag program at Blue Mountain Community College (BMCC) in Eastern Oregon. I began my new job January of 2015. This position is will be housed in a new Precision Irrigation Center supported by a $23 Million community-supported bond. This center is anticipated to become a key facility for agricultural hands-on training, education, and extension activities in the region. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?The results of this research have been disseminated through a number of different venues - some of them are still being prepared for additional dissemination. The venues are outlined briefly below, since many have already been discussed in this report. Professional Presentations and Meetings 1. Murphy, A.F., R. A. Cating, P. B. Hamm, and S.I. Rondon. 2014. Evaluating sources of aphid vectors and Potato virus Y in eastern Oregon and Washington. Annual Potato Association of America, Spokane, WA: 27-31 Aug, pp. 64. 2. Murphy, A.F. A. Moreno, A. Fereres, and S.I. Rondon. 2014. International endeavors in investigating Potato virus Y transmission. Annual Potato Association of America, Spokane, WA: 27-31 Aug, pp. 37. 3. Murphy, A.F. 2014. Investigating vector-disease complexes in Oregon and Washington. Fereres lab, Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientÃficas, Madrid, Spain: 27 Feb. 4. Murphy, A.F. and S.I. Rondon. 2014. Aphid pressure and Potato virus Y in potatoes in the Columbia Basin. In 73st Annual Pacific Northwest Insect Management Conference, Portland, OR: 6-7 Jan, pp. 86-87. 5. Murphy, A.F. 2013. Investigating aphids and potato pests in eastern Oregon and Washington. Oregon State University, Dept. of Crop and Soil Science Fall Seminar Series, Corvallis, OR: 14 Oct. Extension presentations 1. Murphy, A.F. and S.I. Rondon. 2014. The big picture on aphids and PVY: Looking for vectors and virus in the landscape. 41st Annual Hermiston Farm Fair and Ag Trade Show, Hermiston, OR: 3 Dec. 200 Participants. 2. Murphy, A.F., S.I. Rondon, Phil Hamm, Robert Cating and Casandra Sago. 2014. The latest on PVY. Oregon State University Potato Field Day, Hermiston, OR: 26 June. 150 Participants. 3. Murphy, A.F. and S.I. Rondon. 2013. Aphid vectors of Potato virus Y in Oregon and Washington. 40th Annual Hermiston Farm Fair and Ag Trade Show, Hermiston, OR: 4 Dec. 200 Participants. Newsletters 1. Brittain, G., R.A. Cating, A.F. Murphy and P.B. Hamm. 2014. FYI: Aphid-transmitted viruses in potatoes (Part 2). Potato Update VIII, no. 19, 12 Sept. 2. Brittain, G., R.A. Cating, A.F. Murphy and P.B. Hamm. 2014. FYI: Potato virus Y (PVY) in potatoes (Part 1). Potato Update VIII, no. 18, 5 Sept. 3. Murphy, A.F. and S.I. Rondon. 2014. FYI: Love is in the air, for aphids...Are there some in your fields or future? Potato Update VIII, no. 17, 29 Aug. 4. Murphy, A.F. and S.I. Rondon. 2013. FYI: Are you ready for aphids? Potato Update VII, no. 6, 7 June. Publications in preparation/anticipated (author order subject to change) 1. Murphy, A.F., S.I. Rondon, A. Fereres, A. Moreno. Investigating vector preferences and transmission rates for Potato virus Y on alternative hosts. 2. Murphy, A.F., S. Bag, R. Cating, S.I. Rondon. Investigating alternative sources of PVY and non-colonizing aphids in major potato production areas of Oregon and Washington. 3. Murphy, A.F., S. Bag, S.I. Rondon. Comparing aphid sampling methods in the lower Columbia Basin of Oregon and Washington. 4. Murphy, A.F., S. Bag, R. Cating, S.I. Rondon. A simplified aphid and PVY monitoring plan for developing in-field prescriptions. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
A.Survey the distribution of PVY in alternative hosts. Weeds and other crops were surveyed for Potato virus Y (PVY) in 2013 and 2014 in the Columbia Basin of Oregon and Washington, and theKlamath Basin of Oregon. The survey includedat leats 70 sites each year and multiple plant species (see the list below). The survey included analysis of a total of 1715 plant samples in 2013 and 1898 composite plant samples in 2014. Overall, this project tested over 36,000 plants for PVY. We found PVY, a serious disease of potatoes, in several different plants - meaning that these plants could serve as a source of the disease. We found PVY in volunteer potatoes, several kinds of nightshade (S. nigrum L., S. sarrachoides) and lambsquarters (C. album). When the strains of PVY were identified, all of them were present (O, NO, and N), but PVYNO was the most common. Most of the infected weeds were detected in the Columbia Basin, where potatoes are grown for processing, rather than the Klamath Basin, where potatoes are grown for seed. These are encouraging findings because only a few species of plants appear to be infected with PVY. However, it is concerning to find that, of the species detected, volunteer potatoes were infected with PVY 30-50% of the time and hairy nightshade was infected 30% of the time. Both of these plants can persist in or near potato fields throughout the season, meaning that they can serve as a constant source of disease. In fact, we found that 50% of our study potato fields were infected with PVY by the end of the season. Prickly lettuce (Lactuca serriola) Common Lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) Freemont goosefoot (C. freemontii) Redstem Filaree (Erodium cicutarium) Tumble Mustard (Sisymbrium altissimum) Bittersweet Nightshade (Solanum dulamara) Alfalfa Volunteer Potatoes Potatoes Wheat Black/Hairy nightshade (S. nigrum, S. sarrachoides) Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) Common Reed (Phragmites australis) Mint B. Survey the distribution and abundance of aphid vectors for PVY in the PNW. Theweed sites (discussed previoulsy, above)were also sampled for aphidsin 2013 and 2014using two different sampling methods: Berlese funnel samples and two-minute vacuum samples. Sampling occurred April thru August every three weeks and provided us with an estimate of which plants served as the greatest source of aphids. We found that alfalfa, redstem filaree, and wheat supported large aphid populations in 2013. However, in 2014, alfalfa and dandelions were the major sources. These findings help highlight the variable nature of aphid populations, which can be difficult to predict. When we measured aphid pressure in potato fields using a green tile trap, we found that there are two periods of high aphid pressure during the season: one occurs in late June or early July, and the other in September. Knowing periods of high aphid pressure can help growers anticipate and plan management tactics accurately. We also identified which aphid species were present in the periods of peak aphid pressure in potatoes because different species of aphid live on different hosts and transmit PVY at different rates. We found that there was some variation in the most abundant species between years, but that the following aphid species were most common in potatoes: Mint aphid (Ovatus crataegarius), found on mint Pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum), found on alfalfa Bird-cherry oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi), found on wheat Cowpea aphid (Aphis craccivora), found on alfalfa Rose-grain aphid (Metopolophium dirhodum), found on wheat Mealy plum aphid (Hyalopterus pruni), found on the common reed Corn root aphid (Aphis middletonii), found on many hosts Finally, we measured aphid numbers in specific fields and created a model of the aphid populations in these fields. Models like this can be used as a form a field prescription in precision agriculture. The sampling methods we used may be duplicated by potato growers or specialists in precision farming in order to better manage potato fields and protect them from aphids. C. Estimate transmission of PVY from weed hosts by aphid vectors. This objective was achieved mainly in Spain, with the assistance of a well-known PVY and aphid transmission specialist, Dr. Alberto Fereres. While working in Dr. Fereres' speciaized facility, we were able to complete four different experiments in just one month. 1. Investigate PVY transmission from weeds. The green peach aphid (GPA, M. persicae,) and the potato aphid (PA, Macrosiphum euphorbiae) were tested for their ability to transmit PVY between lambsquarters (Chenopodium spp.) and potato. We found that both species could transmit PVY about 40% of the time, which is comparable to how well these aphids transmit the disease from other hosts. This means that both aphid species, which are pests in potatoes, could be capable of transmitting PVY from weeds to potatoes. 2. Investigate the impact of PVY-infected hosts on vector populations. We infested seven plants for each PVY strain (O, NO, and N) with GPA and then measured aphid population development after 14 days. Unexpectedly, very few aphids survived on the lambsquarters after 14 days, meaning that this plant is a poor host for GPA. It also means that GPA may be less likely to feed on lambsquarters for an extended period of time. 3. Investigate the impact of PVY-infected hosts on vector preferences. We tested aphid preferences for healthy and PVY-infected hosts using two different experiments. First we gave the aphids (GPA) a choice between a healthy plant and an infected plant for a few hours. Next we released 200 aphids into a cage with six healthy plants and six PVY-infected plants an allowed them to choose a host for a total of 48 hours. We found that early in the host selection process, aphids cannot tell the difference between healthy and infected plants. However after extended feeding, aphids preferred healthy plants. This means that aphids landing on an infected host may be more likely to leave, increasing the spread of PVY. D. Integrate findings into current PVY management plans. Current PVY management plans include using certified-seed, rogueing infected plants, controlling aphids with insecticides, and maintaining healthy, green potato plants. The results of this study were integrated into this plan so that stakeholders could identify and manage weed species that serve as a reservoir for PVY, or aphid species that are problematic vectors. These included mainly volunteer potatoes, nightshade species, and lambsquarters (Chenopodium spp.). The resulting integrated pest management plan was then presented to stakeholders at various meetings in the Columbia Basin, including Oregon potato field days and the annual Hermiston Farm Fair and trade show. E. Survey PVY and aphid management techniques used by stakeholders. A pre- and post-evaluation survey was conducted to assess the impact of our extension efforts and the overall success of this project. The first survey was conducted at a stakeholder meeting, the Hermiston Farm Fair and Trade Show in 2012. The final follow-up survey was administered at the same event in 2014. We found that more of the stakeholders knew they could manage weeds and alternative hosts to control PVY in 2014 than in 2012. Only 48% knew of this control method in 2012, but almost 80% were aware of this option by 2014. These results were encouraging because they demonstrate that our extension efforts were effective and that we are helping potato growers in our region.
Publications
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Murphy, A.F., R. A. Cating, P. B. Hamm, and S.I. Rondon. 2014. Evaluating sources of aphid vectors and Potato virus Y in eastern Oregon and Washington. 2014. Annual Potato Association of America, Spokane, WA: 27-31 Aug, pp. 64.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Murphy, A.F. A. Moreno, A. Fereres, and S.I. Rondon. 2014. International endeavors in investigating Potato virus Y transmission. Annual Potato Association of America, Spokane, WA: 27-31 Aug, pp. 37.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Murphy, A.F. and S.I. Rondon. 2014. The big picture on aphids and PVY: Looking for vectors and virus in the landscape. 41st Annual Hermiston Farm Fair and Ag Trade Show, Hermiston, OR: 3 Dec. Extension: 200 Participants.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Murphy, A.F. and S.I. Rondon. 2013. Aphid vectors of Potato virus Y in Oregon and Washington. 40th Annual Hermiston Farm Fair and Ag Trade Show, Hermiston, OR: 4 Dec. Extension: 200 Participants.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Murphy, A.F. and S.I. Rondon. 2014. Aphid pressure and Potato virus Y in potatoes in the Columbia Basin. In 73st Annual Pacific Northwest Insect Management Conference, Portland, OR: 6-7 Jan, pp. 86-87.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Murphy, A.F., S.I. Rondon, Phil Hamm, Robert Cating and Casandra Sago. 2014. The latest on PVY. Oregon State University Potato Field Day, Hermiston, OR: 26 June. Extension: 150 Participants.
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