Progress 03/01/12 to 02/28/17
Outputs
Target Audience:Commercial micropropagation laboratories and their owners and technicians; nursery operations that use micropropagated plants; students of horticulture and research workers, especially those working with asexual propagation and mutations such as bud sprots. Changes/Problems:Norton/Cynthiana was substituted for Saint Croix as a "signal" genotype in the grape cutting forcing study. This change was made because of the differences inherent in the Norton/Cynthiana heritage (Vitis aestivalis is the purported progentitor of Norton/Cynthiana) and this provides a greater diversity of genetic background for these cultivars and expands the objectives of this study. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?During the overall course of this project, more than 12 graduate students and 7 undergraduate students have received training in laboratory procedures and have developed micropropagation skills that have served them well in their subsequent employment. Currently, two PhD students (Amer Alkhaybari and Benjamin Loseke) and one M. S. student (Aaron Clare) have been integral parts of this project. They have learned new skills and developed new perspectives that will be of significant value as they pursue their projected career paths. Mr. Loseke is nearing completion of his PhD and is likely to be a much sought after employee in the private sector or in a university setting. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Presentations to the scientific communities include reports to the American Society for Horticultural Science, American Society for Enology and Viticulture (ASEV), the ASEV Eastern Section, the International Society for Horticultural Science (ISHS) and to numerous trade and commercial groups, such as the Nebraska Winery and Grape Growers Association, the Northern Grapes Project (12 particpating states), the Iowa Winegrowers Association, the Nebraska Arborists Association and the Nebraska Nursery and Landscape Association. Additionally, a report was prepared for the ISHS International Symposium on Production and Establishment of Micropropagated plants held in Lavras, Brazil in April, 2017. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
1. Overall Impact: Technologies and protocols developed as part of this project have enabled nursery owners and micropropagation specialists to multiply several species and clones more efficiently, thus enabling faster introduction of new discoveries/selections. Micropropagation of hybrid hazelnut (Corylus spp.) has enabled researchers involved inthe national Hybrid Hazelnut Consortium to accelerate potential commercialization of promising selected genotypes. In addition, a private breeder of ornamental hibiscus seedlings has been able to multiply selected individuals for further evaluation. Further, our research with difficult to propagate grape genotypes (Vitis spp.) has led to refinements of our micropropagation protocols, resulting in speeding up production of greater numbers to help meet the demand for planting stock. Examples include Frontenac mutants (F. Gris, F. Blanc), Norton/Cynthiana, Petite Pearl and several numbered selections. 2. Research is continuing to attempt to identify the genetic basis of the mutations that have resulted spontaneously in Frontenac and Frontenac Gris. A retrotransposon insertion in the VvmybA1 gene was investigated to determine whether it is related to the mutation of Frontenac Gris to Frontenac Blanc. DNA amplification by PCR demonstrated that this gene construct is present in Frontenac Blanc, but not in Frontenac Gris (the opposite of what was hypothesized). Further research is ongoing to better understand this result and will also be conducted to determine the genetic relationship, if any, among the three Frontenac genotypes. Even though this project (NEB-22-355) is being terminated at this time, further research on the Fronteanac genotypes and their apparent abberationsis warranted and will be pursued in the future. 3. Impact: Stock plant manipulationhas continued to be evaluated and management of the stock plant's environment has become a standard practice among practitioners of micropropagation. (See remarks in earlier reports regarding efficiency of micropropagation as influenced by stock plant manipulations.) 4. Preliminary results of the long-term forcing of grapevine cuttings have been noted. ("Signal" cultivars were changed to include Norton/Cynthiana instead of Saint Croix.) Impact: Budbreak timing for grapevine cuttings tested from November,December and January indicated that they were not as dormant as previously thought. Further testing willcontinue, in order to determine if this result is an anomaly related to the mild fall and winter experienced in the vineyard from which the test materials were taken, or if it is meaningful for winter pruning protocols and harvest of cuttings for propagation purposes.
Publications
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Under Review
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Read, P. E., Loseke, B. A. 2017. Creativity in micropropagation: An overview of the AEMP/PEMP story and thoughts on what will the future bring? Acta Horticulturae (under review).
|
Progress 10/01/15 to 09/30/16
Outputs
Target Audience:Horticulture and related plant scientists, undergraduate and graduate students, post-docs and commercial practitioners, including commercial nursery operators, greenhouse growers and field production farmers. Changes/Problems:Availability of funding wil be a factor in how rapidly this project progresses, with current efforts to secure grant funding proving to be moderately successful. Availability of a Visiting Scholar beginning in late December is anticipated to facilitate expansion of the molecular and biotechnological phases of this project and the new "Team Hatch" project currently under development. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?In 2016, two PhD students, Benjamin Loseke and Amer Alkhaybari, and a M. S. student, Aaron Clare, have worked on this project, learning new skills and perspectives in the fields of biotechnology, micropropagation and specialty crop production. They also have contributed to the scientific literature and made presentations to professional meetings and clientele groups. In previous years, four additional graduate students have contributed to this project. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results have been presented to scientific and professional organizations' meetings, including the annual conferences of the American Society for Horticultural Science, the American Society of Enology and Viticulture (ASEV), ASEV Easten Section, The Nebraska Winery and Grape Growers Association and the International Cool Climate Wine Symposium held in Brighton, England. Results related to grapevine culture have been presented to local plant and horticulture industry groups and also disseminated through an eloctronic newsletter, the Nebraska VineLines (published 6 issues/year to an audience of approximately 400). What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Further research will be focused on Goals number 2 and 4, with follow-up of the biotechnology/genetic research that will continue to explore the genetic basis of the color mutants in the hybrid cultivar 'Frontenac' grapevine. If the forcing solution study of bud break relationship to chilling degree days provides potentially useful data, those experiments will be repeated and expanded to include additonal cultivars that are currently included in field and greenhouse studies. Much of the successful research generated by this project will spawn publications and public presentations to clientele groups in 2017. Presentations will be made to the American Society for Horticultural Science and the American Society of Enology and Viticulture and the ASEV-Eastern Section. Further presenttions wil be made to the Nebraska Landscape and Nursery Association, the Nebraska Winery and Grape Growers Association and to numerous horticultural interest groups. The Nebraska VineLines will be employed to further disseminate research findings of interest. Efforts are now underway to develop a "Team Hatch " project that will incorporate ideas generated by this project, together with new thrusts in other specialty and alternative horticultural crops being developed by colleagues in the Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, other UNL departments and the University of Nebraska Medical Center..
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
IIa. IMPACTS:The impacts of this project have been significant. The overall contribution has been adoption of technologies developed by this project by commercial enterprises, including tissue culture laboratories and nurseries focused on micropropagation of woody plant species and cultivars. These technologies include employment of the Forcing Solution Technique to enhance availability of explants for woody plant micropropagation and the useof media developed by this project for more efficient Corylus and Vitis micropropagation. IIb.Accomplishments Goal 1. Micropropagation protocols were refined for difficult to propagate grapevine (Vitis spp.) cultivars ('Frontenac Gris', 'Norton'/'Cynthiana', 'Petite Pearl'). Key Outcome: this achievement has enabled commercial tissue culture labs tobring planting stock of these new or difficult-to-propagate cultivars to the industry more rapidly and less expensively than previously marketed. Goal 2. Research has been initiated to identify the genetic basis for the 'Frontenac' mutants, 'Frontenac Gris' and 'Frontenac Blanc'. A retrotransposon insertion in the VvmybA1 gene was investigated for its potential relationship to the mutation of 'Frontenac Gris' to 'Frontenac Blanc'. DNA was amplified by PCR and run on gel. Key Outcomes: PhD candidate Benjamin Loseke learned the new skills necessary to pursue this sub-project, andthe gene was found in the white-skinned 'Frontenac Blanc', but not in the darker-skinned 'Frontenac Gris'. Goal 3. Efficiency of micropropagation, but not embryogenesis, was demonstrated to be modified by environment and stock plant explant sources in hazelnut (Corylus) hybrids. Key Outcome: The Nebraska Forest Service has adapted the medium developed for Corylus multiplication in vitro for use in their collaborative project with Rutgers University and Oregon State University (Nas and Read Medium modified by Aaron Clare, M.S. student). Goal 4. A long-term forcing solution project has been initiated to determine the timing of bud break in three "signal" cultivars of grapevine (Vitis spp.) in an attempt to relate bud break differences to accumulation of cold temperatures ("chilling" degree days). 'Edelweiss', 'Saint Croix' and 'Frontenac' were selected as the "signal" cultivars becuse they are known to break bud at different times in the spring in Nebraska vineyards. Key Outcome: Preliminary data have been recorded comparing chilling degree days to time for bud breakfor the three signal cultivars. Bud mortality is also being assessed.
Publications
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Read, P. E., Loseke B., Qrunfleh, I. M., Gamet, S. J. 2016. Delaying bud burst for avoiding frost injury to grapevines. International Cool Climate Wine Symposium, Brighton, England. p.43.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Loseke, B. A. Read, P. E. 2016. Assessing Vine-groundcover competition using infrared thermography in a Midwestern vineyard. American Soc. Enology and Viticulture - Eastern Section conference and symposium, St. Louis, MO.
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Read, P. E. 2016. Grape and wine production in diverse regions. Acta Hortic. 1115:1-2.
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Read, P. E. and S. J. Gamet. 2016. Sixteen years of cold-climate cultivar evaluation. Acta Hortic. 1115:23--27.
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Read, P. E. and S. J. Gamet. 2016. Challenges from off-target herbicide incidents. Acta Hortic. 1115:167-169.
- Type:
Books
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Read, P. E. (ed.) 2016. Proceedings of the !V International Symposium on Tropical Wines and International Symposium on Grape and Wine Production in Diverse Regions, XXIX International Horicultural Congress IHC 2014, Acta Horticulturae 1115.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Read, P. E., Gamet, S. J. 2016. Twenty years of cool-climate cultivars fo continental climates.International Cool Climate Wine Symposium, Brighton England. p. 16.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Loseke, B., Read, P. E., Bavougian, C., Gamet, S. J. 2016. Cover-crop use for new and established vineyards. International Cool Climate Wine Symposium, Brighton, England. p. 35.
|
Progress 10/01/14 to 09/30/15
Outputs
Target Audience:Commercial and amateur propagators, commercial nursery operators, scientists working on micropropagation and in vitro research. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?A PhD student from Saudia Arabia (Amer Alkhaybari) began his research progam on Corylus micropropagation following several months of training in technologies of in vitro culture in our laboratory. Collaboration with the Nebraska Forest Service and USDA has resulted in an employee of the Nebraska Forest Service (Aaron K. Clare) making application to pursue a M.S. degree program in our laboratory. Hedeveloped proficiencyin our laboratory procedures in late 2015 and will begin his research on Corylus micropropagation in early 2016. Approximately 50 undergraduate students have gained an understanding of the history, principles and practices of tissue culture and the use of micropropagation as a tool for the practical horticultural plant propagator. In addition, working in teams of three, students gained hands-on experience in aseptic technique and the basic techniques of micropropagation by conducting experiments with tissue culture using a rudimentary petunia leaf segment model. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Guest lectures in Introductory Horticulture and Plant Propagation classes. Informal discussions with local nursery companies and Nebraska Forest Service employees. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Develop a more detailed study of bud dormancy, using the Corylus forcing solutionmodel, by studying the influence of time of stem harvest, timing of culture initiation and bud position on the stem. Pursue identification of the bacteria endemic to Corylus plant materials being tested through collaboration with UNL Plant Pathology Department personnel. Conduct experiments with culture methodology and antibiotics to attempt to reduce or eliminate the impacts of the bacteria that emerge as Corylus in vitro systems progress from initiation to subsequent sub-culture. Proceed with biotechnological approaches (PCR) to increase our understanding of the physiology and anatomy in addition to the fidelity of sports/somaclones of 'Frontenac' grapevines.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
New medium formulations have been developed to micropropagate Corylus clones of interest to the agroforestry and sustainable horticulture industries. Further refinements are being pursued, with a priority being elimination of bacterial contaminants inherently present in nearly all hazelnut accessions tested to date. A series of Corylus selections have been brought to our laboratory from USDA and Nebraska Forest Service programs for enhancement of micropropagation systems based upon our demonstrated expertise with similar selections. Multiplication of 'Willamette' and Rutter selections are examples of preliminary success in these efforts. Experiments to identify and characterize the anatomical and biochemical characteristics of 'Frontenac' grapevine variants ('Frontenac Gris, 'Frontenac Blanc')have been initiated, with shifting of emphasis to use of biotechnological (PCR)methods as a priority . Stock plant management has reinforced conventional propagation wisdom that juvenile tissues of woody plants such as Corylus have more potential for micropropagation success than was previously demonstrated. Forcing solution technology is currently being investigated to demonstrate explant potential for in vitro culture. Additionally, a better understanding of bud dormancy may result from comparison of stems forced in January vs. later in the year (March, May). We alsohave initiated studies to determine the influence of bud positon on forced purportedly juvenile Corylus stems.
Publications
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Loseke, Benjamin A. and Paul E. Read. 2014. Delaying Budbreak for Northern Vineyards. Northern Grapes News 3(4): 1-3.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Read, Paul E. and Stephen J. Gamet. 2015. Grapevine recovery from herbicide damage. @015 ASHS Ann. Conf: 117
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Cordonier, E., Adjam, R., Camara Teixeira, D., Onur, S., Zbasnik, R., Read, P., Doring, F., Schlegel, V. L., Zempleni, J. 2015. Resveratrol compounds inhibit human holocarboxylase synthetase and cause a lean phenotype in Drosophila melanogaster. Exper. Biol. and Medicine.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Read, P., S. J. Gamet and B. A. Loseke. 2013. Nebraska Viticulture 2012: A challenging season for herbicide daage. Amer. Soc. Enology and Viticulture 64:418A.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Loseke, B. A., P. E. Read and E. E. Blankenship. 2015. Preventing spring frost injury on grapevines using multiple applications of Amigo Oil and naphthaleneacetic acid. Scientia Horticulturae 193:294-300.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Aempleni, J., E. L. Cordonier, R. Adjam, C. C. Teixeira, S. Onur, P. E. Read, F. Doring, and V. L. Schlegel. 2015 Resveratrol compounds inhibit human holocarboxylase synthetase and cause a lean phenotype in Drosophila melanogaster. J. Nutritional Biochemistry 1409-RM-433.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Read, Paul E. and Stephen Gamet. 2015. Can accumulated growing degree days be used to predict harvest timing for hybrid grape cultivars in the Midwest? ASEV Annual Conference, Portland, Oregon, June 18, 2015. Viticulture - Ripening Session. (abstract)
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Loseke, B. A. Read, P. E. and Qrunfleh, I. M. 2013. Delay of bud break on 'Edelweiss' grapevines with multiple applications of Amigo Oil and NAA. XII Iternational Symposium on Plant Bioregulators in Fruit Production 1042:51-56.
|
Progress 10/01/13 to 09/30/14
Outputs
Target Audience: Target audience: scientific colleagues and commercial plant propagtors and nursery professionals were reached by publications: Read, P. E. and J. E. Preece. 2014. Cloning: Plants - Micropropagation/Tissue Culture. In: Neal van Alfen, editor-in-chief. Encyclopedia of Agriculture and Food Systems, Vol. 2:317-336. Read, Paul E. 2014. Propagation by Root Cuttings. In : Plant Propagation Cpncepts and Laboratory Exercises, E. A. Beyl and R. N. Trigiano, eds. Pp 283-286, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL. Read, Paul E. and Christian M. Bavougian. 2014. Woody Ornamentals. In: G. R. Dixon and D. E. Aldous, eds. Horticulture: Plants for Pople and Places. Springer, Berlin. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Two graduate students (B. Loseke and D. Shi) have completed their M.S. degrees and one PhD student (C. Bavougian) has completed her degree program. (See Theses/ Dissertations noted under publications.) How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Presentations have been made at the 17th Annual Nebraska Winery and Grape Growers Forum and Trade Show, at the American Society for Enology and Viticulture (ASEV) conference, at the ASEV Eastern Section Conference, at the American Society For Horticultural Science (ASHS) Annual Conference and at the 29th International Horticultural Congress. Discussions took place at these conferences with scientists in the fields of study noted, in addition to commercial practitioners. Application of the information disseminated though these presentations and discussions has the potential to enhance the research programs of the scientists involved and to improve efficiency of practical plant propagation by the commercial practitioners. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? A new graduate student will begin employment of the research protocols that have been developed to attempt to refine the technology and lead to improved efficiency of micropropagation of selected new target species. Additional efforts will be implemented to further the research that was initiated to evaluate anatomical characteristics of the 'Fronenac' genotypes in order to determine if anatomical studies will enable distinguishing among them prior to the production phase. Collaboration is envisioned with a new faculty member in the Plant Pathology department to assist in more efficient micropropagation of ornamental forms of Salix matsudana and Corylus colurna.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
1. As part of the M.S. program for graduate student Dongshue Shi, new methodologies were developed for propagation in vitro of a unique ornamental willow (Salix matsudana 'Golden Spiral'). As a result, the Nebraska Statewide Arboretum has expressed interest in potential commercializtion of this plant. In addition, research was initiated to develop potential protocols for micripropagation of Corylus colurna 'Te Terra Red'. Progress has been slow, but small numbers of this plant have been established in vitro. 2. 'Frontenac' sports have been successfully micropropagated and studies have been initated to examine anatomical relationships among the three 'Frontenac' genotypes ('Frontenac', 'Frontenac Gris' and 'Frontenac Blanc'). 3 and 4. Choice of bud type and timing of excision have led to improved efficiency of production of new softwood outgrowth via the Forcing Solution technology. Treatment of grapevine buds with vegetable oil and naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) has enhanced our understanding of bud dormancy and has led to delay in spring bud break, thus improving the chances of reducing bud/shoot damage that could result from a late cold temperature event. See Loseke thesis and Qrunfleh and Read journal article.
Publications
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Read, P. E. and J. E. Preece. 2014. Cloning: Plants - Micropropagation/Tissue Culture. In: Neal van Alfen, editor-in-chief, Encyclopedia of Agriculture and Food Systems, Vol 2:317-336.
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Read, Paul E. 2014. Propagation by Root Cuttings. In: Plant Propagation Concepts and Laboratory Exercises, C. A. Beyl and R. N. Trigiano, eds. Pp 283-286.
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Read, Paul E. and Christina M. Bavougian. 2014. Woody Ornamentals. In: G. R. Dixon and D. E. Aldous, eds. Horticulture: Plants for People and Places. Springer, Berlin.
- Type:
Theses/Dissertations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Loseke, Benjamin. 2014. Delay of Bud Break on 'Edelweiss' grapevines with Multiple Applications of Amigo Oil and NAA. M. S. Thesis, 2014.
- Type:
Theses/Dissertations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Bavougian, Christina M. 2014. Ground Covers for Sustainable Vineyard Floor Management. PhD Dissertation, 2014.
- Type:
Theses/Dissertations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Shi, Dongshue. 2014. Effects of Culture Media and Plant Growth Regulators on Micropropagation of Willow (Salix matsudana) and Hazelnut (Corylus colurna). M.S. Thesis , 2014.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Qrunfleh, Issam M. and Paul E. Read. 2013. Delaying bud break in 'Edelweiss' grapevines to avoid spring frost injury by NAA and vegetable oil applications. Adv. Hort. Sci. 27:18-24.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Under Review
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Read, Paul E. 2014. Sixteen years of cold-climate cultivar evaluation. 29th International Horticultural Congress, Symposium 10, August, 2014, Brisbane.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Under Review
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Read, Paul and Stephen J. Gamet. 2014. Challenges from off-target herbicide incidents. 29th International Horticultural Congress, Symposium 10, August 2014, Brisbane.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Under Review
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Read, Paul E. 2014. Grape and wine production in diverse regions. 29th International Horticultural Congress, Symposium 10, August, 2014, Brisbane.
|
Progress 10/01/12 to 09/30/13
Outputs
Target Audience: Commercial and private breeders and marketers of horticultural crops are the primary audience for the work in this project in which application of techniques for micropropagation of horticultural crops is being investigated. Examples include nursery industry professionals that may be interested in propagating Corylus/hazelnut (both edible and ornamental), Hibiscus, grapevine and other woody species of both food and ornamental value. Homeowners that wish to produce or propagate plants emanating form our research, including micropropagated (in-vitro) produced novel plant introductions will be able to make use of our research efforts. In addition commercial grape growers will benefit from the ongoing research investigating fidelity of bud sports of the 'Frontenac' grapevine cultivar. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Two Master of Science students (B. A. Loseke and Shidong Xue) and one PhD. student (C. M. Bavougian) are in advanced stages of gaining scientific abilities, especially in our laboratories. Micropropagation technologies, anatomical studies and field and greenhouse applications are being pursued. All three have demonstrated excellent levels of intellectual curiosity and application of the scientific method as they pursue their studies under the aegis of this project. They also have been successful in co-authoring publications resulting from their research. In addition, a student in the University of Nebrska's UCARE program (Jason Thomas) has successfully gained insights into micropropagation protocols and technologies. He has progressed so well that he is applying for graduate schools in several parts of the country. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Presentations have been made to the American Society of Enology and Viticulture, the American Society for Horticultural Science, the Plant Growth Regulation Society of America and the Nebraska Winery and Grape Growers Association, both in symposia and workshops. In addition, the results of this research have been published through various scientific venues and journals (see publications section). What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Investigation that has begun to assess the anatomical features of the bud sports (mutations) of the 'Frontenac' grapevine (Vitis spp) cultivar will be a focus for the coming research year. Protocols under development for pomegranate micropropagation will be pursued and investigation of the origen and identities of the bacterial contaminants inherent in the ornamental Corylus clones that have been tested will be another important focus in which we will collaborate with Dr. Gary Yuen, University of Nebraska Plant Pathologist/bacteria and fungal specialist. Application of the knowledge gained in these and other ongoing aspects of the project will be disseminated by publications and presentations to local, regional and international audiences.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Initiation of new protocols for micropropagation of ornamental hazelnut (Corylus spp) have been begun. Collaboration with Dr. G. Yuen, Plant Pathologist at UNL is being pursued to determine identity and origen of bacterial contaminants. Further success has been accomplished in micropropagation of edible hazelnut and difficult to multiply grapevine cultivars, especially 'Norton' and 'Petite Pearl'. A new thrust has been begun to develop a successful protocol for pomegranate seedlings in order to clonally propagate elite types. In addition, anatomical studies have been begun to investigate possible differences in the L1, L2 and L3 cell layers of 'Frontenac' grapevine mutations.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Qrunfleh, I. M. and Paul E. Read. 2013. Use of Naphthaleneacetic acid and vegetable oil to delay bud break in 'Edelweiss' single-bud grapevine cuttings place in a forcing solution. Intl J. Fruit Science 13:400-412.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Qrunfleh, I. M. and Paul E. Read. 2013. Delaying bud break in 'Edelweiss' grapevines to avoid spring frost injury by NAA and vegetable oil applications. Adv. Hort. Sci. 27:18-24.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Bavougian, C. M., Paul E. Read and E. Walter-Shea. 2013. Training system effects on sunlight penetration, canopy structure, yield, and fruit characteristics of 'Frontenac' grapevine (Vitis spp.). Intl J. Fruit Science 12:402-409.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Bavougian, C. M., Paul E. Read, V. L. Schlegel and K. J. Hanford. Canopy light effects in multiple training systems on yield, soluble solids, acidity, phenol and flavonoid concentration of 'Frontenac' grapes. HortTechnology 23:86-92.
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Read, Paul E. and C. M. Bavougian. 2013. In vitro rejuvenation of woody species. In: Lambardi et al (eds) Protocols for micropropagation of Selected Economically-important Plants. Chapter 30, pp 383-395.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Read, Paul E. 2013. Tough nuts to crack: advances in micropropagation of woody species. Acta Hort 988:115-121.
- Type:
Books
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Read, Paul E. and J. E. Preece. 2013. Proceedings of the Fifth Intl Symposium on Acclimatization and Establishment of Micropropagated Plants, P. Read and J. Preece (eds), Acta Hort 988, 186 pp. ISHS, Leuven, Belgium.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Read, Paul E. and S. J. Gamet. 2013. Nebraska viticulture 2012: A challenging season for herbicide damage. Amer. J. Enology and Viticulture 64:418A.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Read, Paul E. and S. J. Gamet. 2013. Evaluation of herbicide damage to grapes in a unique growing season. 2013 Amer. Soc. Horticultural Sci. Annual Conference, p 107.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Loseke, B. A., Paul E. Read and I. M. Qrunfleh. 2013. Delay of bud break on 'Edelweiss' grapevines with multiple applications of Amigo oil and NAA. Proc. Plant Growth Regulation Soc. America, Greensboro NC.
|
Progress 10/01/11 to 09/30/12
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Micropropagation protocols have been improved for hybrid hazelnut (Corylus spp.). The primary objectives have been to modify the medium developed by Nas and Read (Nas and Read medium, see earlier publications by Mehmet Nuri Nas and P. E. Read) and to facilitate rapid propagation of hybrids developed by P. Rutter (Badgersett Research Farm, Canton, MN) and by S. Mehlenbacher and colleagues at Oregon State University. Rutter hybrids have been multiplied and returned to MN for field planting. the research on OSU hybrids has been investigated in conjunction with personnel from the UNL Industrial Ag Products Center. OSU cultivars that have been successfully multiplied in vitro include 'Jefferson', 'Yamhill' and 'Epsilon'. Medium modifications were noted in earlier reports (increased myo-inositol and copper concentrations) and use of Fe-EDDHA (Sequestrene 138) as the iron source has now been incorporated into the routinely employed medium. A new focus has been initiated to investigate the propensity of somaclonal variation occurrence in grapevine (Vitis spp.). This thrust is based upon the observation that 'Frontenac' has produced bud sports, first 'Frontenac Gris' and subsequently, 'Frontenac Blanc'. Of concern to commercial propagators is the reliability/fidelity of plants produced through micropropagation, e.g., will the plantlets produced from 'Frontenac Gris' be true to type and not mutated to 'Frontenac Blanc' The protocol for micropropagation of these cultivars has been developed and approximately 50 plants placed into the greenhouse for further evaluation. The acclimatization methodology has been refined for both hazelnut and grapevine. As a result, nearly 100 percent success rate has been achieved in producing plantlets that can be transferred to in vivo conditions (greenhouse and subsequently to the field). In addition, micropropagation of new hybiscus hybrids has been achieved for two potential introductions. Research is being initiated to transfer the hazelnut technology that has been developed for edible hazelnut hybrids to ornamental Corylus clones. Results are communicated to clientele via scientific and trade journals, The Nebraska VineLines and through presentations to Nebraska and national clientele. PARTICIPANTS: Dr. Milford Hanna, UNL Industrial Ag Products Center Dr.Elizabeth Walter-Shea, UNL School of Natural Resources Dr.Vicki Schegel, UNL Dept. Food Science and Technology Mr. Stephen Gamet, UNL Dept. of Agronomy and Horticulture Mr. Benjamin Loseke, UNL Dept. of Agronomy and Horticulture Ms. Christina Bavougian, UNL Dept. of Agronomy and HorticultureMs Shi Dongshue, UNL Dept. of Agronomy and Horticulture Mr. Robert Smith, Private plant breeder, Lincoln, NE Mr. P. A. Rutter, Badgersett Research Farm, Canton, MN Mr. Ray Winter, Winterhaven Nursery, Janesville, MN Nebraska Winery and Grape Growers Association TARGET AUDIENCES: Commercial nurseries. Both micropropagation laboratories and nurseries that rely on micropropagation for production of plant matereials for sale benefit from the development of and improvements in protocols for micropropagation of hybrid hazelnuts and grapevines. Agroforestry producers and commercial vineyards. Ultimately, the commercial growers purchasing plant materials that have been micropropagated via the methods developed in our laboratory will have more reliable and productive enterprises. The scientific community. As more insights are developed regarding fidelity of micropropagated plants, the scientific community will be able to apply this knowledge to their research endeavors. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.
Impacts
The progress with hybrid hazelnut hybrids has enabled field plantings of both Rutter hybrids in Minnesota, and OSU hybrids in Nebraska. Field performance is being evaluated by P. Rutter (MN) and personnel from the UNL Industrial Ag Products Center in Nebrska. Results achieved to date with the somaclonal variation evaluation studies of grapevine (Vitis spp.) were noted at the recent meeting of the NE-1020 Regional Project held in Mystic, Connecticut and will be reported at the 16th Annual Nebraska Winery and Grape Growers Forum and Trade Show to be held in March, 2013. Progress on this project will also be reported in the Nebraska VineLines, an electronic newsletter received by grape growers, winery personnel and owners of nurseries that market planting stock to growers. In future years as more information is developed, the importancre of this research will be of significant value to nurseries marketing 'Frontenac', 'Frontenac Gris' and 'Frontenac Blanc' grapevines to growers contemplating vineyard plantings of these cultivars. This project has the potential to add to the fundamental knowledge related to understanding the phenomenon of somaclonal variation. As more plantlets of the potential hibiscus cultivars are produced, it should become possible for the private breeder to introduce one or more of these hybrids to the public.
Publications
- Read, P. E. and C. M. Bavougian. 2012. In Vitro Rejuvenation of Woody Species. In: Protocols for Micropropagation of Selected Economically-Important Horticulture Plants. M. Lambardi, A. E. Ozudogru and M. Jain (eds). Chaper 31, pp. 383-396. Springer-Humana Press, New York.
- Bavougian, C. M., P. E. Read and E. Walter-Shea. 2012. Trining system effects on sunlight penetration, canopy structure, yield and fruit characteristics of Frontenac grapevine (Vitis spp.). Intl. J. Fruit Sci.12:402-409.
|
|