Source: LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY submitted to NRP
ANALYSIS OF LOGGING ACCIDENTS IN LOUISIANA USING OSHA STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP MEMBERSHIP DATA
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
COMPLETE
Funding Source
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
0227333
Grant No.
(N/A)
Cumulative Award Amt.
(N/A)
Proposal No.
(N/A)
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Project Start Date
Oct 1, 2011
Project End Date
Sep 30, 2016
Grant Year
(N/A)
Program Code
[(N/A)]- (N/A)
Recipient Organization
LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY
202 HIMES HALL
BATON ROUGE,LA 70803-0100
Performing Department
School of Renewable Natural Resources
Non Technical Summary
Accidents and injuries in the logging industry cause duress in workers and inefficiencies in the early stages of the wood supply system that resonate throughout the production chain. Since injuries represent roughly ten percent of direct labor costs in logging and more in reduced efficiency, it is important to assist the industry with expertise in accident analyses and in disseminating that knowledge. Currently accessible accident databases maintained by government agencies provide overall statistics but lack sufficient detail to improve safety activities. This project cooperates with 270 logging companies that are members of the Strategic Partnership contracted between the Louisiana Logging Council and the USDoL Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). As part of this agreement, loggers submit their accident reports annually for summary analysis in this project. The results determine the topics of emphasis in logging safety workshops and random OSHA safety inspections. The results and conclusions are disseminated through workshops, trade magazines and scientific publications. Prior work along this line has resulted in marked reduction in injuries among in-woods logging equipment operators but little improvement among log truck drivers. The current project will continue this work but with an extra emphasis on log truck drivers.
Animal Health Component
(N/A)
Research Effort Categories
Basic
(N/A)
Applied
(N/A)
Developmental
(N/A)
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
7230650202050%
7230650310050%
Goals / Objectives
OBJECTIVES: 1. Determine factors in logger accidents and injuries. 2. Determine trends in the characteristics of logger injuries. 3. Disseminate progress and results to the industry. 4. Assist the Louisiana Logging Council and the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration in designating essential topics for their logging safety workshops and logging safety inspection programs. Expected Outputs: 1. Annual summaries of accident reports (each March; Objective 1). 2. Publish annual summaries in state-level trade journal (each April; Objective 3). 3. Assist logging council & OSHA in designating essential topics (each May; Obj. 4). 4. Determine significant trends in accidents (annually; Objective 2). 5. Disseminate progress & results to other venues (5 workshops per year; Obj. 3). 6. Journal Publications (annually; Objective 3). 7. Reports (annually; concerning all Objectives).
Project Methods
Methodology for Objective 1 (determine factors in accidents & injuries): To determine the factors in logger accidents, the entries from the accident reports will be classified into categories describing the injuries, sources of injuries, types of accidents, and various factors that could influence the events leading up to an accident. Each January, an employee of the Louisiana Logging Council will contact the logging companies, send a copy of a blank accident form, and request that all accidents be reported. Follow-up calls will be made two weeks later to non-respondents. To encourage participation, the form will be as short as possible but will include a critical narrative section. Methodology for Objective 2 (determine trends in injuries): Now that ten years of data have been collected, some trends in the accidents will be discernable. Chi-square tests of homogeneity will be conducted to determine if the proportion of a certain category of injury was consistent throughout the study period. The data will be classified into a two-way contingency table according to two criteria: the injury characteristic and the year. To test the null hypothesis that the rows and columns of the contingency tables represent homogenous classifications, p-values will be obtained for a significance level α = 0.05. This test helps in determining individual elements within a particular injury category that cause significant deviations from a homogeneous pattern of injury or illness occurrence. When categories of injuries exhibit non-homogeneous patterns, Poisson residuals will be used to identify departures from homogeneity (+/- 2). Methodology for Objective 3 (Disseminate progress and results to industry): The annual summaries will be reported in the Spring issues of The Louisiana Logger magazine. It is disbursed not only to members of the Louisiana Logging Council, but also to every logger who has participated in a workshop conducted by the Louisiana Logging council. It is estimated that this covers at least 90% of the logging companies in the state. Revised versions of the reports will be sent to sister organizations in neighboring states. Methodology for Objective 4 (Assist the Louisiana Logging Council and the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration in designating essential topics for their logging safety workshops and logging safety inspection programs.): Each year, the PI will meet with representatives from the Louisiana Logging Council, OSHA, and Louisiana Workplace Safety to discuss changes to the safety workshops conducted by the Louisiana Logging Council. A key factor in any changes proposed will be the results of the annual summaries from the logging accident reports (as described under Methodology for Objective 1). Included in the discussion will be desired changes to topics and to teaching techniques. Any agreed changes will then be reflected in the manuals that will be distributed at the workshops. Furthermore, OSHA has agreed that under the Strategic Partnership Agreement, it will focus inspections of Partnership member companies on those topics that are emphasized in the safety workshops.

Progress 10/01/15 to 09/30/16

Outputs
Target Audience:Logging operations managers and loggers. Changes/Problems:This project is officially terminating. I plan to continue this work under a renewal. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Participation in agricultural safety advisory committees. Presidency of the Forest Products Society. Board of Directors for the Louisiana Forestry Association. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Training in two workshops (95 logging supervisors), reports to federal and state OSHA agents, and an article in each issue of the quarterly magazine titledThe Louisiana Logger (Circulation 3,000). Neighboring state logging councils are also publishing selected articles in their magazines. This information is reported to the Louisiana office of the USDOL-OSHA and to loggers in the state through the Louisiana Logging Council's magazine and safety workshops. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?I will collect data on 2016 logging accidents, evaluate the data, and report the results to the Louisiana Logging Council, Texas Logging Council, Arkansas Pro-Logger Council, federal OSHA and state Dept. of Labor Workplace Safety.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Each January,allLouisiana Master Logger certified logging companiesare asked to report accidents, in cooperation with the Louisiana Logging Council and theOSHA Alliance. For all practical purposes, this is all the logging companies in the state.All514 logging companies were contacted to submit their accident reports for 2015.Ninety-three percent of the companies reported that they had no accidents during 2015. Nearly all the reported logging accidents in Louisiana in 2015 fell in one of two specific categories: 1. Log truck highway accidents, or 2. Loader operators performing maintenance. It is noteworthy that no injuries were reported as the result of mounting/dismounting the equipment or trucks. This is the first year. When we first started reporting detailed logging accidents in 1999, this was the most common type of accident/injury. This is real progress. We can attribute this to good education. Of the highway accidents, 78% involved a member of the public. In two-thirds of them, the log truck driver was not at fault. In several log truck accidents, the trailers were rear-ended by a car or SUV. While this type of accident is very difficult to avoid, it emphasizes the need for defensive driving and defensive driving training. With the loader operators, all the accidents happened while outside the cab. In general, they were performing maintenance when they either slipped and fell, or the wrench slipped. Loggers should keep the proper tools on hand, especially for routine maintenance.

Publications

  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: de Hoop, C.F. 2016. OSHA can get serious with applying fines. The Louisiana Logger 21(1):15-16. Louisiana Logging Council, Alexandria, LA.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: de Hoop, C.F. 2016. Highway accidents and loader maintenance tops in accidents. The Louisiana Logger 21(2):15. Louisiana Logging Council, Alexandria, LA.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: de Hoop, C.F. 2016. New OSHA accident record requirements. The Louisiana Logger 21(3):15. Louisiana Logging Council, Alexandria, LA.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: de Hoop, C.F. 2016. Trucking issues set publics image of logging. The Louisiana Logger 21(4):10-11. Louisiana Logging Council, Alexandria, LA.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: de Hoop, C.F. 2015. Logger seminar on trucking during annual meeting. The Louisiana Logger 20(4):15-16. Louisiana Logging Council, Alexandria, LA.


Progress 10/01/11 to 09/30/16

Outputs
Target Audience:Logging operations managers and loggers. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Participation in agricultural safety advisory committees. Leadershipof the Forest Products Society. Board of Directors for the Louisiana Forestry Association. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?1. Training in a minimum of two workshops per year, directlyteaching 440 logging supervisors. 2. Reports to federal and state OSHA agents, and an article in each issue of the quarterly magazine titled The Louisiana Logger (Circulation 3,000). Neighboring state logging councils are also publishing selected articles in their magazines. 3. This information is reported to the Louisiana office of the USDOL-OSHA and to the Louisiana DOL Workplace Safety personnel involved in logging inspections and education. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Thiswork resulted ina reduction in injuries among in-woods logging equipment operators, saving the industry almost $10,000,000 each year in continual improvementsfor safety and related operational efficiency. Each January, all Louisiana Master Logger certified logging companies are asked to report accidents, in cooperation with the Louisiana Logging Council and the OSHA Alliance. All 514 Louisiana logging companies were contacted to submit their accident reports for 2015. Ninety-three percent of the companies reported that they had no accidents during 2015. Nearly allreported logging accidents in Louisiana in 2015were in one of two specific categories: 1. Log truck highway accidents, or 2. Loader operators performing maintenance. It is noteworthy that no injuries were reported as the result of mounting/dismounting the equipment or trucks. When we first started reporting detailed logging accidents in 1999, this was the most common type of accident/injury. This sucessisprogressand can be attributed toeducation programs. Of the highway accidents, 78% involved a member of the public. In two-thirds of events, the log truck driver was not at fault. In several log truck accidents, the trailers were rear-ended by a car or SUV. While this type of accident is very difficult to avoid, it emphasizes the need for defensive driving and defensive driving training. With the loader operators, all the accidents happened while outside the cab. In general, they were performing maintenance when they either slipped and fell, or the wrench slipped. Loggers should keep the proper tools on hand, especially for routine maintenance. More specifically, the following was accomplished: Objective1. Determine factors in logger accidents and injuries - We determined that there has been a major improvement in accidents resulting from improper dismounting of equipment. However, log truck drivers continue to have accidents, and especially that highway accidents are increasing. Objective 2. Determine trends in the characteristics of logger injuries - Log truck drivers tend to have sprained knees from improper dismounting, or major multiple injuries from highway crashes. Members of the general public are also affected. Objective 3. Disseminate progress and results to the industry - We havea steady relationship with the Louisiana Logging Council and disseminate results at least quarterly through their magazine and workshops. Objective 4. Assist the Louisiana Logging Council and the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration in designating essential topics for their logging safety workshops and logging safety inspection programs - Our results are used to continually improve the safety education in the Master Logger education program, which essentially covers all logging operations in the state. We also share information with neighboring states through their logging associations.

Publications

  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: de Hoop, C.F. 2016. Highway accidents and loader maintenance tops in accidents. The Louisiana Logger 21(2):15. Louisiana Logging Council, Alexandria, LA.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: de Hoop, C.F. 2016. OSHA can get serious with applying fines. The Louisiana Logger 21(1):15-16. Louisiana Logging Council, Alexandria, LA.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: de Hoop, C.F. 2016. New OSHA accident record requirements. The Louisiana Logger 21(3):15. Louisiana Logging Council, Alexandria, LA.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: de Hoop, C.F. 2016. Trucking issues set publics image of logging. The Louisiana Logger 21(4):10-11. Louisiana Logging Council, Alexandria, LA.


Progress 10/01/14 to 09/30/15

Outputs
Target Audience:Logging company owners, logging supervisors, contract logging administrators, and foresters. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Participation in agricultural safety advisory committees. Presidency of the Forest Products Society. Board of Directors for the Louisiana Forestry Association. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Training intwo workshops (41 logging supervisors), reports to federal and state OSHA agents, and an article in each issue of the quarterly magazine, The Louisiana Logger. Neighboring state logging councils are also publishing selected articles in their magazines. This information is reported to the Louisiana office of the USDOL-OSHA and to loggers in the state through the Louisiana Logging Council's magazine and safety workshops. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Collect data on 2015 logging accidents, evaluate the data, and report the results to the Louisiana Logging Council, Texas Logging Council, Arkansas Pro-Logger Council, federal OSHA and state Dept. of Labor Workplace Safety.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Every year, Logging companies that have beenparticipating in the Strategic Partnership between OSHA and the Louisiana Logging Council are asked to report accidents. This Partnership has formallyevolved into an OSHA Alliance.In January 2015,165 participating loggingcompanieswere contacted to submit their accident reports for 2014. Eighty percent of the companies reported that they had no accidents during 2014. There were a fewaccidents during mounting/dismounting of machines and trucks, which is a perpetual problem, although the industry has been doing a good job of minimizing these problems. The outstanding characteristic of 2015 ishighway accidents. Ten years ago, the greatest hazards to truck drivers were outside the cab - binding/unbinding, walking on rough ground, mounting/dismounting and trimming the load. These hazards still exist, but this year it was nearly all highway accidents.

Publications

  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: de Hoop, C.F. 2014. Highway accidents are a major concern for loggers. The Louisiana Logger 19(4):15. Louisiana Logging Council, Alexandria, LA.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: de Hoop, C.F. 2015. Beware of OSHAs changing requirements. The Louisiana Logger 20(1):15-16. Louisiana Logging Council, Alexandria, LA.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Fonseca, A., F. Aghazadeh, C. de Hoop, L. Ikuma and Saif Al-Qaisi. 2015. Effect of noise emitted by forestry equipment on workers hearing capacity. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 46(2015):105-112.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: Lindroos, O., C.F. de Hoop, M.R. Pyles, P. Zundel and J. Rickards. 2014. A quarter of a century with the International Journal of Forest Engineering. International Journal of Forest Engineering 25(2):83-100.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: de Hoop, C.F. 2015. Keep your safety program up-to-date. The Louisiana Logger 20(2):15. Louisiana Logging Council, Alexandria, LA.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: de Hoop, C.F. 2015. New OSHA Safety Poster. The Louisiana Logger 20(3):9. Louisiana Logging Council, Alexandria, LA.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: de Hoop, C.F. 2015. Logging incidents dominated by highway accidents. The Louisiana Logger 20(3):15. Louisiana Logging Council, Alexandria, LA.


Progress 10/01/13 to 09/30/14

Outputs
Target Audience: Logging company owners, logging supervisors, contract logging administrators, and foresters. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Participation in agricultural safety advisory committees. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Training in five workshops (131 logging supervisors), reports to federal and state OSHA agents, and an article in each issue of the quarterly magazine, The Louisiana Logger. Neighboring state logging councils are also beginning to use this information. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Collect accident data in January covering the previous calendar year from327 logging companies, analyze it, report it, and publish it.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Every year, Logging companies that participate in the Strategic Partnership between OSHA and the Louisiana Logging Council are asked to report accidents. In 2013 there were 327 companies signed up with the Strategic Partnership. The raw number of trucker accidents has stayed similar since we started tracking Strategic Partnership accidents. We are experiencing fewer accidents with machine operators, allowing more attention on trucker accidents. Eighty-six percent companies reported that they had no accidents during 2013. This is about average during recent years. The diversity of injuries from logging accidents in 2013 was greater than usual, although 70% of them occurred to truck drivers. Although there seems to be a good understnding of proper dismounting procedures for equipment operators, we still see slips when truckers dismount. Training truck drivers in the proper 3-point mounting and dismounting technique is still needed. The typical injury from a slip while dismounting causes roughly a week's lost time. This information is reported to the Louisiana office of the USDOL-OSHA and to loggers in the state through the Louisiana Logging Council's magazine and safety workshops.

Publications

  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: de Hoop, C.F. 2014. Highway accidents are a major concern for loggers. The Louisiana Logger 19(3):15. Louisiana Logging Council, Alexandria, LA.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: de Hoop, C.F. 2014. Test your own hearing with a smartphone app. The Louisiana Logger 19(2):15. Louisiana Logging Council, Alexandria, LA.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: de Hoop, C.F. 2014. Rash of Canadian fatal accidents a warning to all loggers. The Louisiana Logger 19(1):15. Louisiana Logging Council, Alexandria, LA.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2013 Citation: de Hoop, C.F. 2013. Biofuel producers agree: sustainability and stability are key. The Louisiana Logger 18(4):15. Louisiana Logging Council, Alexandria, LA.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2013 Citation: de Hoop, C.F. 2013. Accidents Survey: A bad year for log truck drivers. The Louisiana Logger 18(3):15. Louisiana Logging Council, Alexandria, LA.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2013 Citation: de Hoop, C.F. 2013. Two new logging accident studies launched. The Louisiana Logger 18(2):15. Louisiana Logging Council, Alexandria, LA.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2013 Citation: de Hoop, C.F. 2013. Doctors and nurses at University of Texas - Tyler take interest in logging safety. The Louisiana Logger 18(1):15. Louisiana Logging Council, Alexandria, LA.


Progress 01/01/13 to 09/30/13

Outputs
Target Audience: Logging company owners, logging supervisors, contract logging administrators, and foresters. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Graduation of a PhD student. Participation in agricultural safety advisory committees. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Training in five workshops (200 individuals), reports to federal and state OSHA agents, and an article in each issue of the quarterly magazine, The Louisiana Logger. Neighboring state logging councils are also beginning to use this information. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Collect accidentdata in January coveringthe previous calendar yearfrom 280 logging companies, analyze it, report it, and publish it.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? The accident rates in logging in Louisiana continue to improve, but there is still a significant problem with accidents among log truck drivers, including fatalities. Primarily, the accidents occured while dismounting from the truck, driving, unbinding loads and trimming the load before leaving woods. Eighty-five percent of logging companies reported having no accidents at all, which is a historically average number. This information is reported to the Louisiana office of the USDOL-OSHA and to loggers in the state through the Louisiana Logging Council's magazine and safety workshops.

Publications

  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2012 Citation: de Hoop, C.F. 2012. Logger rescue workshop is full of life-saving tips. Arkansas Pro Logger. Arkansas Timber Producers Association. 22(3):14.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2012 Citation: de Hoop, C.F. 2012. Logger Rescue. May 2012 Monthly Safety Blast. SW Center for Agricultural Health, Injury Prevention, and Education; University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler; Tyler, Texas. 1 page.
  • Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2012 Citation: de Hoop, C.F. 2012. Trucker health concerns go nationwide. The Louisiana Logger 17(1):15. Louisiana Logging Council, Alexandria, LA.
  • Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2012 Citation: de Hoop, C.F. 2012. Rash of log truck highway accidents around the state. The Louisiana Logger 17(2):15. Louisiana Logging Council, Alexandria, LA.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2012 Citation: de Hoop, C.F. 2012. Feds ban use of cell phones while driving truck. The Louisiana Logger 17(3):15. Louisiana Logging Council, Alexandria, LA.
  • Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2012 Citation: de Hoop, C.F. 2012. 2011 Strategic Partnership Accidents - Slips and Truck Crashes. The Louisiana Logger 17(4):15. Louisiana Logging Council, Alexandria, LA.
  • Type: Theses/Dissertations Status: Published Year Published: 2012 Citation: Kizhakkepurakkal, Anil Raj. Ph.D., 2012. Biomass Energy Production in Louisiana: A GIS Study on the Supply Chain.


Progress 01/01/12 to 12/31/12

Outputs
OUTPUTS: The LSU AgCenter is party to an ongoing relationship called the OSHA Strategic Partnership, in which the LSU AgCenter, USDOL Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA), Louisiana DOL Workplace Safety, Louisiana Logging Council, and 270 logging companies cooperate to reduce accidents and improve safety in the logging industry. Accident reports from 270 logging companies were reported in The Louisiana Logger magazine. These results guide the curriculum of five logging safety workshops annually (total attendance of 150). These workshops are part of the Master Logger education program. At least one member of every logging crew is required to be Master Logger certified, so nearly every logging company owner and foreman has been educated in worker safety through these workshops. Also, every Master Logger receives a copy of The Louisiana Logger magazine, with a readership of 3,000 individuals. PARTICIPANTS: C.F. deHoop (PI), LSU AgCenter; 270 logging companies (who provide accident reports); Debra Hubbard & Gracee Malone of the Louisiana Logging Council; Janet Thompkins, The Louisiana Logger Magazine; Dorinda Folse, Wilfred Hebert, U.S. Dept. of Labor. Occupational Safety & Health Administration; Leon Parault, Corey Gaines, Louisiana Dept. of Labor, Workplace Safety. TARGET AUDIENCES: Approximately 3,000 people who work in the logging industry in Louisiana. Many foresters and others who supervise logging operations also attend the logging safety workshops. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.

Impacts
Although 2011 saw a variety of logging accidents, and the majority of the accidents continue to center around the trucks and truck drivers, slipping from equipment was common. Each year, logging companies that are members of the Strategic Partnership Agreement between the Louisiana Logging Council (LLC) and the Occupational Safety & Health Administration (OSHA) send their accident reports to the LLC. Eighty-five percent of the Strategic Partnership member companies reported no accidents during 2011 (same as the last two years). The majority of the accidents involved log truck drivers. Some were road accidents - overturned trucks, in which the drivers were injured. Others involved slipping or binding. Often the binders themselves come back at the trucker, but sometimes a piece of wood falls from the load while binding. One fatality was observed for a logger who was operating a motor grader. All accidents underscored a common thread - follow proper procedures and company policy for the equipment or tools being used. The logging accident reports for 2011 were assembled in 2012.

Publications

  • de Hoop, C.F. 2012. Rash of log truck highway accidents around the state. The Louisiana Logger 17(2):15. Louisiana Logging Council, Alexandria, LA.
  • de Hoop, C.F. 2012. Trucker health concerns go nationwide. The Louisiana Logger 17(1):15. Louisiana Logging Council, Alexandria, LA.
  • de Hoop, C.F. 2011. Logging Council hears from wood supply research. The Louisiana Logger 16(4):15. Louisiana Logging Council, Alexandria, LA.
  • de Hoop, C.F. 2011. Logger rescue workshop presents life-saving tips. The Louisiana Logger 16(3):15. Louisiana Logging Council, Alexandria, LA.
  • de Hoop, C.F. 2011. 2010 Strategic Partnership Accidents - more road accidents. The Louisiana Logger 16(2):15. Louisiana Logging Council, Alexandria, LA.
  • de Hoop, C.F. 2011. OSHA changes at the top - What do they mean for you The Louisiana Logger 16(1):15. Louisiana Logging Council, Alexandria, LA.
  • de Hoop, C.F. 2012. 2011 Strategic Partnership Accidents - Slips and Truck Crashes. The Louisiana Logger 17(4):15. Louisiana Logging Council, Alexandria, LA.
  • de Hoop, C.F. 2012. Feds ban use of cell phones while driving truck. The Louisiana Logger 17(3):15. Louisiana Logging Council, Alexandria, LA.