Source: CORNELL UNIVERSITY submitted to NRP
DEVELOPMENT AND INTRODUCTION OF HANDHELD MOBILE APPLICATION TECHNOLOGY SUPPORTING BIOLOGICAL CONTROL IN GREENHOUSE PEST MANAGEMENT
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
COMPLETE
Funding Source
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
0227069
Grant No.
2011-41533-31087
Cumulative Award Amt.
(N/A)
Proposal No.
2011-02899
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Project Start Date
Sep 1, 2011
Project End Date
Aug 31, 2013
Grant Year
2011
Program Code
[QQ.E]- Extension Integrated Pest Management - Support
Recipient Organization
CORNELL UNIVERSITY
(N/A)
ITHACA,NY 14853
Performing Department
Cooperative Extension
Non Technical Summary
Biological control as a method of insect pest management has been used successfully in the greenhouse vegetable industry in Europe and Canada for many years. In the last 5 years, the interest in biological control has increased throughout the greenhouse floriculture industry in the United States. Trade journals that serve this industry run articles on aspects of biological control in almost every issue. This is the result of the loss of effective pesticides, development of insecticide resistance, interest from growers on reducing workers potential pesticide exposure, and demand from consumers for products, including ornamentals, with fewer pesticide residues. In recent New York State surveys of growers attending greenhouse IPM programs, 20-30% indicated that they would like to initiate biological control programs in their greenhouses. While this percentage may seem low, for a new technology in the range of early adopters, it is relatively high. Because biological control involves the integration of 3 biological systems - pest, host plant, and biological control agent - and the environment in which they interact, it is a complex management system. Successful use of biological control, therefore, requires significant information resources. In addition, biological control must be integrated into the existing systems of cultural and physical pest management, and in some cases, chemical control as well. Thus the need for real-time information is critical, especially for growers new to biocontrol. As biocontrol is a relatively new management system for greenhouse ornamentals, innovations become available almost continuously. The dilemma is how to get this information to growers as quickly as possible. While hands-on courses or presentations, fact sheets, and webpages for providing biological control training have been used with success throughout the Northeast, an information management system that is easily updated and available when and where growers need it is increasingly necessary. The Extension and outreach goals of this project are to: 1) create a mobile application (app) for handheld devices using the three major mobile phone platforms (iPhone, Blackberry, Android) that provides real-time on-demand information and management tools for biological control of the primary floriculture greenhouse pests, with input from growers, 2) demonstrate its use to greenhouse growers in the Northeast as an information management system and means of providing technical assistance on biological control for greenhouse pest management, and 3) extend the application information to a wider audience of greenhouse growers in the Northeast and nation-wide.
Animal Health Component
100%
Research Effort Categories
Basic
(N/A)
Applied
100%
Developmental
(N/A)
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
2112122113010%
2112123113010%
2152122113020%
2152123113020%
2162122113020%
2162123113020%
Goals / Objectives
The Extension and outreach goals of this project are to: 1) create a mobile application (app) for handheld devices using the three major mobile phone platforms (iPhone, Blackberry, Android) that provides real-time on-demand information and management tools for biological control of the primary floriculture greenhouse pests, with input from growers, 2) demonstrate its use to greenhouse growers in the Northeast as an information management system and means of providing technical assistance on biological control for greenhouse pest management, and 3) extend the application information to a wider audience of greenhouse growers in the Northeast and nation-wide. The primary output/deliverable for this project is the completed and evaluated mobile application technology. Additional information gained from the process and the evaluations will include: 1) usage statistics for mobile application technology use by, and direct reports from, greenhouse growers to help determine if we should continue to develop such technology for increasing implementation of other IPM practices; 2) additional information from growers implementing biocontrol to create updates for the mobile app; 3) background for the use of mobile application technology to improve scouting and record keeping as a basis for IPM in general,; and 4) potential for use of mobile application technology as a conduit for two-way communication between growers and Extension educators. The ultimate outcome of this project is to reduce the number of pesticide applications necessary to produce high quality ornamentals through increasing the number of greenhouse growers successfully using biological control as part of their IPM plans. The following milestones are included in this project: Develop application - November 1, 2011-December 31, 2011 Beta test application and demonstrate application through training programs in the Northeast - January 1, 2012 - March 31, 2012 Update application based on beta testing and evaluations from training programs - April 1, 2012 - August 31, 2012 Advertise and distribute application in region and on a wider basis, continue to train growers and educators - September 1, 2012 - October 31, 2012
Project Methods
Working with a mobile technology company, we will create a mobile application with biological control information developed through other projects. The application will allow growers to choose a pest and move through pages that will include photographs and information on pest life cycle, effects of environment on the pest, specific crop information, and beneficials which control that pest. Beneficial pages will include photographs and information on life cycle of the beneficial, effects of environment on the beneficial, application methods, application rates, and interaction with pesticides. Additional pages will include general information such as links to other sources, and scouting resources. The technology included in the application will include: native applications written directly for the 3 major smartphone platforms, text and photograph capability; a content management system for ease of updating; using RSS (Really Simple Synchronization) to alert users of updates; the ability to link to outside information using RSS; the potential for interactive use including data entry with graphing potential, photographs taken and stored as part of reports; use of integrated measurement of environmental factors as available on device to include with reports; and potential for use of QR (quick response) codes to simplify location identification for scouting. After growers provide their assessments of its utility, the application will be updated and improved. We will evaluate the use of the mobile application by greenhouse growers in the Northeast as an information management system and means of providing technical assistance on biological control for greenhouse pest management. Several growers in each participating state who are using biocontrol in their greenhouses will evaluate the initial app to determine its usefulness and ease of use. The app will also be introduced to growers through bedding plant schools, or similar venues, throughout the region. The growers will be given an opportunity to evaluate the application during these demonstrations. We will develop a method to advertise the application and to distribute it to growers in the Northeast and beyond through mailings to grower organizations, articles published in national trade journals, and presentations at national meetings. Results will be evaluated through usage statistics for mobile application technology use by, and direct reports from, greenhouse growers to help determine if we should continue to develop such technology for increasing implementation of other IPM practices; additional information from growers implementing biocontrol to create updates for the mobile app; background for the use of mobile application technology to improve scouting and record keeping as a basis for IPM in general; and potential for use of mobile application technology as a conduit for two-way communication between growers and Extension educators.

Progress 09/01/11 to 08/31/13

Outputs
Target Audience: The primary target audience is producers of greenhouse grown ornamentals. The application would also be useful for high tunnel and greenhouse vegetable producers. Because the scouting and application functions are adaptable to a wide variety of locations, and because some of the insect pests overlap, other ornamental producers, such as those growing nursery crops, could use the application. Changes/Problems: Project modification 1. A comparison of actual accomplishments with the goals established for the reporting period a. Goals not yet completed We have had limited completion of goals 2 and 3: 2) demonstrate its use to greenhouse growers in the Northeast as an information management system and means of providing technical assistance on biological control for greenhouse pest management, and 3) extend the application information to a wider audience of greenhouse growers in the Northeast and nationwide b. Specific design changes to the mobile application Blackberry as a platform was determined to be losing sufficient market share that it wasn’t logical to add to the design/implementation process Inclusion of photographs in stored data and use of integrated measurement of environmental factors were not possible A syncing system with a button on the home page of the mobile app was included instead of an RSS system to alert users of updates Specific crop information for each pest was not included as it was determined that the possible number of crops to include was too large to be workable. Application rates for beneficial vary considerably with the size of the greenhouse, the pest population and the stage of the crop and the pest. Some general information is included but growers are expected to discuss specific rates with their suppliers. 2. Reasons for slippage as established goals were not met The two major limitations to the completion and distribution of the application were the learning curve necessary for both the PIs and the software company to create a workable system and the slow process of getting permission from Cornell to be able to release the application. Both are nearing completion. However, this has made it difficult to provide growers access except on a limited demonstration basis. 3. Future activities after the project period to ensure that goals are met Once the application is complete (January 2014) and we have a contract with Cornell University’s intellectual property office (currently in draft), we will demonstrate it to growers in several ways: 1) at greenhouses where they can do hands-on trials with scouting plants 2) at bedding plant schools with larger groups to discuss how to set up the scouting system. Some programs are already planned for the Hudson Valley, and Maine. We will also provide copies to our cooperators in the Northeast. There will be a Tri-State Greenhouse IPM meeting in January (Vermont, Massachusetts and New Hampshire), which will be a good place to demonstrate the application. We will create a marketing campaign to promote the application through trade journals, newsletters, Twitter and other methods of reaching as many growers as possible. Integrated into these demonstration and promotion activities will be methods of evaluating the use of the application by growers and the potential for it helping to reduce pesticide use in greenhouses. Equipment purchased with Federal funds under the award and subsequent use of equipment An older model IPhone was purchased to view the screens and for design purposes. An IPad 4 was purchased as the primary smart device for viewing the screens throughout the development of the app. An Android tablet was purchased to evaluate the app as it is viewed on the Android platform. A data plan (not including telephone service) was covered by grant funds for the duration of the grant period for the IPad only. The other devices were WI-Fi only. The IPhone is now completely out of date for use with current operating systems. The IPad and the Android will be used in the Ornamentals IPM program for review and maintenance activities with the application and for other program activities. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Powerpoint demonstrations were made at the following locations: 2013 Long Island Greenhouse Conference – 60 growers 2013 Empire State Producers’ Expo – 25 growers 2013 Hudson Valley Bedding Plant School – 34 growers 2012 Northeast Greenhouse Conference (Massachusetts) – 50 growers 2012 Broome County Greenhouse Education Day – 15 growers Hands-on trial of scouting – Dickman’s Greenhouse,Auburn Baseline information from 2012 Long Island Greenhouse Conference and Hudson Valley Bedding Plant School participant surveys (done with clicker questions as part of the presentation). 40% own a Smartphone or pad 39% use apps for work and entertainment 23% have used QR codes but 60% have seen them How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? On a small scale only, so far. Further dissemination can now occur. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Now that the application is we have a contract with Cornell University’s intellectual property office, we will demonstrate it to growers in several ways: 1) at greenhouses where they can do hands-on trials with scouting plants 2) at bedding plant schools with larger groups to discuss how to set up the scouting system. Some programs are already planned for the Hudson Valley, and Maine. 3) by creating training videos and archivable webinars and promoting them, as well as linking them to information pages We will also provide copies to our cooperators in the Northeast. There will be a Tri-State Greenhouse IPM meeting in January (Vermont, Massachusetts and New Hampshire), which will be a good place to demonstrate the application. We will create a marketing campaign to promote the application through trade journals, newsletters, Twitter and other methods of reaching as many growers as possible. Integrated into these demonstration and promotion activities will be methods of evaluating the use of the application by growers and the potential for it helping to reduce pesticide use in greenhouses.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Goal 1. The structure of the application is largely complete, with a few tweaks needed to displays. Much of the information has been loaded. REEport does not support an illustrated description of the application but I am happy to provide one if desired. We now have a signed contract with Cornell (as of January) so we can finish the process of getting the application into the Apple and Android stores. Goal 2 Powerpoint demonstrations were made during the development of the application, with grower feedback, as follows: Baseline information from 2012 Long Island Greenhouse Conference and Hudson Valley Bedding Plant School participant surveys (done with clicker questions as part of the presentation). 40% own a Smartphone or pad 39% use apps for work and entertainment 23% have used QR codes but 60% have seen them 2013 Long Island Greenhouse Conference – 60 growers 2013 Empire State Producers’ Expo – 25 growers 2013 Hudson Valley Bedding Plant School – 34 growers 2012 Northeast Greenhouse Conference (Massachusetts) – 50 growers 2012 Broome County Greenhouse Education Day – 15 growers Hands-on trials of the app - both smart device and web based portions were done with growers at: Dickman Farms, Auburn NY Mischler's Greenhouse and Florist, Williamsville NY Zittel's Farms, Eden NY Goal 3: We needed the app available through the smart device systems in order to extend it more widely. Now that we have the contract, we will be able to do this.

Publications


    Progress 09/01/11 to 08/31/12

    Outputs
    OUTPUTS: The activity that forms the basis of the project is the creation of the mobile application of biological control information by a mobile technology company. While the mobile application is not yet complete, major progress has occurred in its development. Activities: There are 2 parts to the mobile application, the web-based input system and the smart device information delivery and input system. The pest and beneficial resource section is currently uploaded to the web and visible on the smart device (to authorized users, not yet the public). This includes photographs, biology, identification, environment, and life cycle information. It also includes the design work necessary to make the pages attractive and easy to use. This information is interlinked so that it is easy to move from pest to beneficial and vice versa. Some initial information on application technology and pesticide interactions has been entered to determine how best it can be displayed and linked. The scouting function has been created for the web version such that location, pest numbers, beneficial numbers, and other scouting information can be added. The charting function allows this information to be displayed as a graph of numbers over time for each location. Quick response (QR) codes are integrated into the system to use as locators, but it can also be used with text descriptions. The system is developed to be functional from the smart device and the web and to communicate between the two. The developers are currently working on this communication and update system. We hope to have the system available for beta testing by January 2013. The pages to record applications of beneficials and pesticides relative to locations are also available on the web version. Integrating this information into the charts is in progress. Events are planned for the fall and winter greenhouse education season. Currently, there are presentations planned for the Northeast Greenhouse Conference in November 2012 and 4 regional greenhouse and nursery education programs in New York State from October 2012 to February 2013. PARTICIPANTS: Individuals: PI's Elizabeth Lamb and Brian Eshenaur, New York State Integrated Pest Management - have provided information on pests, beneficials, application technology, scouting techniques,etc. to be downloaded as the basis of the mobile application. Karen English, Graphic designer, New York State Integrated Pest Management - has worked closely with the PI's and the development team to input the information and create the page views to make it easy to find, and appealing to use. Partner organizations: GORGES, Ithaca NY - development of the web-based and smart device-based programs for managing the data and creating the mobile application. TARGET AUDIENCES: The target audience is greenhouse growers, primarily those who produce ornamentals but the mobile application will also be useful for greenhouse vegetable producers and nursery growers. Events have been planned to present the mobile application to growers through a variety of educational programs from October 2012 through February 2013. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: An extension was approved for this project in order to accommodate delays in the development of the mobile application.

    Impacts
    Because the application has not yet been completed, there has not yet been any progress toward the intended outcomes/impacts.

    Publications

    • No publications reported this period