Progress 10/01/15 to 09/30/16
Outputs
Target Audience:Aquaculture society and Guam local community Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Salinity has a profound effect on the food consumption, energy demand, nutrient utilization, and molting and metabolic rates of shrimp. The optimal salinity for juvenile penaeid shrimp, a common commercial species, is fairly high at between 15 to 25 parts per thousand (ppt). However, shrimp can tolerate a large range of salinity, meaning they could grow in brackish water, which may be the only available resource for some aquaculture farms, including many on Guam. A fast-growing strain of shrimp in low salinity water would be very valuable for such aquaculture activities when the seawater is not available. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Impact report from the college and lectures given to the college students as the GE course. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Experiment was conducted to study study the genetics (shrimp families) and environment (water salinity). A set of 10 cages (1.2m (L) X 1m (W) X 1.5m (D)) was set up in each of the two outdoor ponds (13m (L) X 13m (W) X 1.5m (D)). One pond was kept with the seawater (32ppt), and the other pond was gradually shifted from the seawater to freshwater (2ppt) in a week. 200 shrimp of each family were stocked in each cage and 45 shrimp of each families form the two ponds were randomly sampled every two weeks for the growth. At the end of trials, final weight and survival as well as the tissue samples were sampled for RNA extraction and then cDNA construction, and then gene expression analysis. The familial difference in term of various indexes were evaluated for the genetic and environment interaction evaluation, as well as incorporated in potential family selection under low salinity condition.There were significant familial differences in terms of growth, gene expressions of ATP synthase, Trypsinase, Na+-K+-ATPase and Toll-like gene in various tissues. Two families demonstrated superior performance in both salinities as well as the gene expressions in comparison with other families, which can be good candidate for the breeding strock for selection of growth traits regardless of the salinity. Among the other eight families, one family exhibited higher growth rate in the low salinity water than the higher salinity water as it also demonstrated higher expression of ATP synthase muscle in low salinity water environment, but not the Trypsinase. This particular family could be used to breed for the line specifically growing in the low salinity water.
Publications
- Type:
Other
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Salinity Now! The Effects of Varying Salinities on Shrimp Families
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Progress 10/01/11 to 09/30/16
Outputs
Target Audience:Aquaculture society and Guam local community Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Trainning and workshop were offered to the local quaculture industing on processing Tuna fish roe, conducting water quality and pond mangement for aquaculture. Trainning were also given the students for recirculating systems for Tilapia and shrimp. Trainning were provided to graduate student and post-doc for shrimp breeding, family identification and data recording/analysis. Consultations and advice were given by answering phone calls and emails with regards to aquaculture related questions. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?The results were disseminated to communities of interest in the forms of WPTRC annual reports, presentations in US/world aquaculture society meetings, CTSA funding and articles for aquaculture magazines. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Mutiple aquaculture species with high health status were raised in the University of Guam hatchery, which include indigenous species, squaretail coral grouper (Plectropomus areolatus) and rabbitfish, as well as specific pathogen free marine shrimpPenaeus vannamei, several strains of Talipia. High quality stocks of shrimp and tilapia were produced from the breeding program, and shrimp postlarvae/broodstock and tilapia fry /fingerlings were provided to the regional farmers. The supplementation of tuna roe as ingredient in the maturation diet has been investigated in shrimp for promoting the reproductive performance. The interactions of genetics and nutrition/enviornment were investigated in shrimp so that the shrimp families can be potentially bred for high plant protein diet and under low salinity water condition. As participator, the fact sheet entilted "Production economics and economic feasibility of commercial qauaponics operations in Guam: a case study at UOG Triton Farm in Guam" was summarized as the CTSA project of Economic analyses of aquaponics operations in Guam was conducted.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Jang, I.K., H. Gong., 2016. Growing Marine Shrimp in the Sahara Desert. Aquaculture Magazine 42(2), 54-56.
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Progress 10/01/14 to 09/30/15
Outputs
Target Audience:Guam community reached by my teaching efforts including classroom instruction, lab instruction and extension service. Aquaculture society reached by delivering the presentation at world aquaculture annual conference. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Teaching the class "science of aquaculture" in the spring semester and one on one mentoring and advising two J-1 exchange scholars from Shanghai Ocean University for conducting aquaculture projects at UOG. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Extension service by meeting with the local farmers and answering questions via phone calls. Results also disseminated to general aquaculture community by conference presentation, poster and magazine article. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Plan to continue the research efforts in seeking the practical solutions for aquaculture related issues.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
1. Rearing the high health coral grouper broodstock candidates which could be used in breeding, with several potential purposes, such as restoration of natural reef populations, supply of fry to local farmers as the new aquaculture species and provision of SPF fry or broodstock to Asian aquaculture industry. 2. Continuing on the specific pathogen free shrimp breeding program, producing fifty shrimp families in 2015, 3. Assessing the effects of shrimp genetics and dietary protein on nutrient utilization efficiency, and designing experiment to evaluate the genetics and environment (salinity) interacting effect. 4. Maintaining the breeding program of tilapia stocks in support of the local aquaculture farming community and supply the seedlings.
Publications
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Gong, H., 2015. Evaluation and Dietary Protein and Energy Utilization Efficiency in Various families of Penaeus annamei. World Aquaculture Jeju 2015, May 26-30.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Gong, H. 2015. Specific Pathogen Free Penaeus vannamei Breeding Program at University of Guam. Aquaculture Magazine 41(4), 72-73.
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Progress 10/01/13 to 09/30/14
Outputs
Target Audience: Aquacutlure society and Guam community Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Responded the aquaculture related inquiries by phone calls and emails, addressed questions with regards to general aquaculture from the community, taught science of aquacutlure at UOG, and supervised the J-1 exchange scholars in their research projects at UOG. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?
Nothing Reported
What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Research Research Approaches in Promoting Aquaculture on Guam Guam is an exquisite tropical island located in the Western Pacific, and has unique climatic/geographic/environmental features that are suitable for Aquaculture development. The first waves of aquaculture development in Guam took place in 1970s that was initiated by government with multiple species being tried, followed by the second peak 10 years later when investment infusing from the private sectors with a smaller grouper of species cultured commercially. In the past two decades, major aquaculture species was shortlisted to: Tilapia, milkfish, shrimp, catfish, etc. However, the size and activities of aquaculture industry has gradually subsided over the years due to the high cost of production even though the local demand seems increasing. To promote aquaculture development on Guam, the Guam Aquaculture Development and Training Center (GADTC) of University of Guam (UOG) has put forwards substantial research efforts during the past seven years in developing specific pathogen free (SPF) shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) breeding , conducting health management and exploring for the new indigenous species to be used for aquaculture purpose. Plectropomus areolatus, one of the coralgroupers, has been selected as an example because of its indigeneity on Guam, the most sought after and high value food fish of the coral reef habitat worldwide. P. areolatus, as well as many other coral grouper species are listed as vulnerable on the IUCN Red list, and is in the category of threatened species because they are suffering from over fishing on Guam to the point where their natural recruitment may be threatened. In order to facilitate the restoration of its natural stock, as well as to utilize it for aquaculture purposes, a domesticated, high health population of indigenous coralgroupers of Guam, P. areolatus was initiated at UOG, which involves collection, health screening and establishment, etc. The overview of historic background and current status of aquaculture development on Guam was anlayzed, with focus on the recent aquaculture research efforts in UOG, followed by the SWOT analysis and suggestions on the possible solutions as well as future direction/strategy of aquaculture development on the island. We participated the CTSA funded project Economic Analyses of Aquaponics Systems in Hawaii and Guam and worked on Factsheet: production economics and economic feasibility of commercial aquaponics operations in Guam: a case study at UOG Triton Farm in Guam. To promote region aquaculture development, I participated FAO Project Inception Workshop: Assistance in the establishment of a Micronesian Network on Sustainable Aquaculture ( May 12-15, 2014).
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Gong, H., 2014. Probiotics in Shrimp Aquaculture. Aquaculture Magazine 40(3), 60-61.
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Progress 01/01/13 to 09/30/13
Outputs
Target Audience: Guam Community and Aquaculture Stakeholders Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?
Nothing Reported
How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Provided the technical supports for the individuals who were interested in aquaculture and repond the inquiry through phone call/email/site visit. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
1. Completing the CTSA funded project of collection and health certification of coral groupers in Marianas. After identifying and collecting wild Squaretail coral grouper, Plectropomus areolatus as a new species for Guam aquaculture community, live groupers from Palau and Chuuk were imported to Guam after being submitted for health examination and quarantine monitoring program. Disease diagnosis was performed on the four batches of P. areolatus, with focus on the two most common classes of grouper viruses: viral encephalopathy and retinopathy also known as Viral nervous necrosis (VER/VNN), and one group of iridoviral diseases. There were a group of 25 high health coral groupers generated from this project, which could serve as the potential broodstocks for a coral grouper breeding program. High health P. areolatus offers the great potential in the following three aspects: providing fish to the restoration of natural reef populations, providing fry for local farmers as the new aquaculture species and providing SPF fry or broodstock to the Asian aquaculture industry. 2. Participating in the CTSA proposal-Development of Practical Local Feeds to Support Sustainable Aquaculture in Hawaii and Other Pacific Islands as one of the research collaborators. 3. Maintaining the breeding of tilapia stocks in support of the local aquaculture farming community and supply the seedlings. 4. Teaching the class science of aquaculture in the spring semester and advising the J-1 exchange graduate student from Kasetsart University for her master level research project and thesis.
Publications
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Gong, H. J. Channarong, Y. Zhang, L. Ngensiri, A. Swatdipong. 2013. Genetic diversity analysis and parentage assignment of specific pathogen free Penaeua vannamei stocks on Guam using microsatellite markers. Aquaculture America 2013, Nashville, Feb. 21-25.
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Progress 01/01/12 to 12/31/12
Outputs
OUTPUTS: We found that Yellowfin tuna roe could be successfully used as an ingredient in a maturation diet for Pacific white shrimp (Peneaus vannamei). A well attended workshop was held at the University of Guam where the results were presented. The workshop also covered other areas of Aquaculture. The results were published in the Center for Tropical and Subtropical Aquaculture's newsletter and in World Aquaculture. The squaretail coralgrouper, Plectropomus areolatus, has been listed as vulnerable throughout its range on the Red List by the IUCN. On Guam, it has basically become commercially extinct. We have established a founding population of 26 animals in preparation for beginning a captive breeding program for restocking the local coral reefs and for fisheries enhancement. These fish were captured in both Chuuk State of the Federated States of Micronesia and in the Republic of Palau and imported to Guam in a total of four shipments. PARTICIPANTS: Training was offered to the local aquaculture industry on the processing of tuna roe. The health monitoring of the Plectropomus areolatus was assisted by Dr. Ruth Garcia Gomez of the South Pacific Community and Dr. Leobert de la Pena of the SEAFDEC-AQD Fish Health Section, Iloilo, Philippines. TARGET AUDIENCES: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.
Impacts
Tuna roe is a low value or waste product of the loining of Yellowfin tuna in preparation for export to the Japanese sashimi market. The knowledge that it can be used in a locally produced tuna maturation feed offers potentially both a significant cost savings to tropical shrimp hatcheries where it can replace a very specialized and high cost input and to the tuna export industry where its use a an input to feed making will remove it from the waste stream and lower landfill costs.
Publications
- Gong, Hui and John W. Brown. 2012. Converting Yellowfin Tuna Scrap's into a Shrimp Maturation Diet. World Aquaculture 43(3), 48-52.
- Gong, Hui and John W. Brown. 2012. A Value added approach for Tuna Roe on Guam: Can is be used as a local ingredient in Shrimp maturation diets. CTSA Regional e-notes - May 2012, 4(5): 3-6
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Progress 01/01/11 to 12/31/11
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Project started in October 2011. Nothing to report by December 2011. PARTICIPANTS: Not relevant to this project. TARGET AUDIENCES: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.
Impacts
Project started in October 2011. Nothing to report by December 2011.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
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