Progress 10/01/11 to 09/30/16
Outputs
Target Audience:Target audiences of scientific presentations include agronomists, plant pathologists, weed scientists, soil scientists, horticulturalists, agricultural professionals and consultants, extension specialists, and policy makers from the USA and other countries. Target audiences of extension and outreach presentations include farmers, extension personnel, and agricultural consultants. Target audiences of teaching programs include undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy, plant sciences, soil sciences, agricultural economics, environmental sciences and related disciplines. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?In addition to outreach activities to growers and agricultural professionals (detailed below) in 2015-16, this project has facilitated the participation of undergraduate students, undergraduate research projects, and numerous field trips/lab activities for plant sciences courses at the University of Tennessee. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?In 2015-16, outreach included two presentations at the UT Organic Crops Field Day, and one presentation at UT's Steak and Potatoes Field Day. Results have also been disseminated through UT's Organic Crops website, http://organics.tennessee.edu. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
For Obj. 1, growth chamber, greenhouse and field studies were completed to evaluate carbon sources for control of key soilborne pathogens and weeds in Tennessee vegetable crop production systems. Two growth chamber studies were implemented. Lab analyses and manuscript preparation is in progress. Outreach was accomplished through presentation of results at scientific meetings. For Obj. 2, a field trial at UT's Organic Crops Unit evaluating reduced tillage organic vegetable production systems continued for four years. Results from the first two years of this study (soil quality, crop yields) were published in a refereed journal article and additional manuscripts are in preparation. For Obj. 3, results from two completed field trials are currently being prepared for submission to refereed journals, with one manuscript published in a refereed journal. For Obj. 4, field trial completed in 2014. Research samples continue to be processed and preliminary data is being analyzed for manuscript preparation. For Obj. 5, a number of cover crop, tillage system and crop management trials have been implemented at UT's Organic Crops Unit and these studies and data collection and sample analysis is ongoing. The first results from these studies were published in 2015, a second in 2016, and additional manuscripts are in preparation.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Butler, D.M., G.E. Bates and S.E. Eichler Inwood. 2016. Tillage system and cover crop management impacts on soil quality and vegetable crop performance in organically managed production in Tennessee. HortScience 51:1038-1044.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Toler, H.D., R.M. Aug� and D.M. Butler. 2016. Winter Cover Crops Increase Mycorrhization and Yield of Subsequent Cash Crops: A Meta-Analysis; Annual Conference of the American Society for Horticultural Science; Atlanta, GA, 8-11 Aug 2016.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Hill, S.L., A. Mengistu, B. Ownley, D. Verbree, G.E. Bates and D.M. Butler. 2015. Evaluating cowpea cultivar response to charcoal rot for organic production systems. 79th ASA-CSSA-SSSA Annual Meeting Abstracts; Minneapolis, MN, 15-18 Nov 2015.
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Progress 10/01/14 to 09/30/15
Outputs
Target Audience:Target audiences of scientific presentations include agronomists, plant pathologists, weed scientists, soil scientists, horticulturalists, agricultural professionals and consultants, extension specialists, and policy makers from the USA and other countries. Target audiences of extension and outreach presentations include farmers, extension personnel, and agricultural consultants. Target audiences of teaching programs include undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy, plant sciences, soil sciences, agricultural economics, environmental sciences and related disciplines. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?In addition to outreach activities to growers and agricultural professionals (detailed below) in 2014-15, this project has facilitated the participation of undergraduate students, undergraduate research projects, and numerous field trips/lab activities for plant sciences courses at the University of Tennessee. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?In 2014-15, outreach included a presentation to growers and professionals at a workshop organized by the UT Beef and Forage Center, two presentations at the UT Organic Crops Field Day, and one presentation to UT's Pumpkin Field Day. Results have also been disseminated through UT's Organic Crops website, http://organics.tennessee.edu. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?For Obj. 1, analysis of data from pot and field studies will continue, outreach will include scientific meetings and producer meetings, and manuscript preparation and submission to refereed journals will continue. For Obj. 2, efforts will continue to focus on disseminating results through scientific journals and collection of data for the fifth year of this trial (soil quality, crop yields, weed dynamics). For Obj. 3, 2014 efforts will focus on disseminating results through scientific journals as well as continued data collection from a study established in late winter 2014 at UT's Organic Crops Unit. For Obj. 4, efforts will focus on additional data collection and analysis for this trial, as well as manuscript preparation. For Obj. 5, efforts will focus on continued data collection and analysis as well as preparation of manuscripts for scientific journals and presentations at scientific meetings.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
For Obj. 1, growth chamber, greenhouse and field studies have continued to evaluate carbon sources for control of key soilborne pathogens and weeds in Tennessee vegetable crop production systems. Two growth chamber studies were implemented. Lab analyses and manuscript preparation is in progress. Outreach was accomplished through presentation of results at scientific meetings. For Obj. 2, a field trial at UT's Organic Crops Unit evaluating reduced tillage organic vegetable production systems continued for the fourth year. Results from the first two years of this study (soil quality, crop yields, weed dynamics) are in review with a refereed journal and additional manuscripts are in preparation. For Obj. 3, two field trials were completed in 2014. Results from these studies are currently being prepared for submission to refereed journals, with one manuscript published during the reporting period. For Obj. 4, we completed the second year of field data collection for this trial in fall 2014. Research samples continue to be processed and preliminary data is being analyzed. For Obj. 5, a number of cover crop, tillage system and crop management trials have been implemented at UT's Organic Crops Unit and these studies and data collection and sample analysis is ongoing. The first results from these studies were published in 2015, a second is under review and additional manuscripts are in preparation.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Eichler Inwood, S.E., G.E. Bates and D.M. Butler. 2015. Forage performance and soil quality in forage systems under organic management in the southeastern United States. Agronomy Journal 107:1641-1652.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Hill, S.L., D. Verbree, G.E. Bates and D.M. Butler. 2015. Cowpea biomass productivity under organic management as influenced by cultivar and phosphorus amendment. Annual Conference of the American Society for Horticultural Science; New Orleans, LA, 4-7 Aug 2015.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Butler, D.M., S.E. Eichler-Inwood and G.E. Bates. 2014. Adapting field crop seeding rates for organic rotational tillage systems in the Mid-South. 78th ASA-CSSA-SSSA Annual Meeting Abstracts; Long Beach, CA, 21-24 Nov 2014.
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Progress 10/01/13 to 09/30/14
Outputs
Target Audience: Target audiences of scientific presentations include agronomists, plant pathologists, weed scientists, soil scientists, horticulturalists, agricultural professionals and consultants, extension specialists, and policy makers from the USA and other countries. Target audiences of extension and outreach presentations include farmers, extension personnel, and agricultural consultants. Target audiences of teaching programs include undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy, plant sciences, soil sciences, agricultural economics, environmental sciences and related disciplines. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? In addition to outreach activities to growers and agricultural professionals (detailed below) in 2013-14, this project has facilitated the participation of undergraduate students, undergraduate research projects, and numerous field trips/lab activities for plant sciences courses at the University of Tennessee. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? In 2013-14, outreach included a presentation to growers and professionals at a workshop organized by the California Strawberry Commission (Obj. 1), a presentation to organic growers in Jefferson County, TN (Obj. 2, 4, 5), an invited presented at the Northeast Grazing Consortium (Obj. 3, 5), and one presentation to a forage producers organization (Obj. 3, 5). Results have also been disseminated through UT’s Organic Crops website, http://organics.tennessee.edu. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? For Obj. 1, analysis of data from pot and field studies will continue, outreach will include scientific meetings and producer meetings, and manuscript preparation and submission to refereed journals will continue. For Obj. 2, efforts will continue to focus on disseminating results through scientific journals and collection of data for the fifth year of this trial (soil quality, crop yields, weed dynamics). For Obj. 3, 2014 efforts will focus on disseminating results through scientific journals as well as continued data collection from a study established in late winter 2014 at UT’s Organic Crops Unit. For Obj. 4, efforts will focus on additional data collection and analysis for this trial, as well as manuscript preparation. For Obj. 5, efforts will focus on continued data collection and analysis as well as preparation of manuscripts for scientific journals and presentations at scientific meetings.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
For Obj. 1, growth chamber, greenhouse and field studies have continued to evaluate carbon sources for control of key soilborne pathogens and weeds in Tennessee vegetable crop production systems. Two growth chamber and 2 field studies were implemented. Lab analyses and manuscript preparation is in progress. Outreach was accomplished through presentation of results at scientific and producer meetings. For Obj. 2, a field trial at UT’s Organic Crops Unit evaluating reduced tillage organic vegetable production systems continued for the fourth year. Results from the first two years of this study (soil quality, crop yields, weed dynamics) are in preparation for submission to a refereed journal and additional manuscripts are in preparation. For Obj. 3, five field trials were completed in 2014. Results from these studies are currently being prepared for submission to refereed journals, with one manuscript submitted during the reporting period. For Obj. 4, we completed the second year of field data collection for this trial in fall 2014. Research samples continue to be processed and preliminary data is being analyzed. For Obj. 5, a number of cover crop, tillage system and crop management trials have been implemented at UT’s Organic Crops Unit and these studies and data collection and sample analysis is ongoing. The first results from these studies was submitted to a refereed journal in 2014 and additional manuscripts are in preparation.
Publications
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Progress 01/01/13 to 09/30/13
Outputs
Target Audience: Target audiences of scientific presentations include agronomists, plant pathologists, weed scientists, soil scientists, horticulturalists, agricultural professionals and consultants, extension specialists, and policy makers from the USA and other countries. Target audiences of extension and outreach presentations include farmers, extension personnel, and agricultural consultants. Target audiences of teaching programs include undergraduate and graduate students in agronomy, plant sciences, soil sciences, agricultural economics, environmental sciences and related disciplines. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? In addition to outreach activities to growers and agricultural professionals (detailed below) in 2013, this project has facilitated the participation of 5+ undergraduate research assistants, 3 undergraduate research projects, and numerous field trips/lab activities for plant sciences courses at the University of Tennessee. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? In 2013, outreach included a presentation to growers at the TN Horticulture Expo (Obj. 1), a presentation to growers at the Tennessee Organic Growers Annual Conference (Obj. 2, 4, 5), four presentations at UT’s Organic Crops Field Tour (Obj. 2, 4, 5), one presentation at a pasture walk/field day on a private organic dairy farm (Obj. 3, 5), three presentations at a field day at UT’s Plateau Research and Education Center (Obj. 1), and one presentation to a forage producers organization (Obj. 3, 5). Results have also been disseminated through UT’s Organic Crops website. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? For Obj. 1, analysis of data from pot and field studies will continue, and additional studies will be implemented in 2014. For Obj. 2, 2014 efforts will focus on disseminating results through scientific journals and collection of data for the fourth year of this trial (soil quality, crop yields, weed dynamics). For Obj. 3, 2014 efforts will focus on disseminating results through scientific journals as well as implementation of an additional study in late winter 2014 at UT’s Organic Crops Unit. For Obj. 4, efforts will focus on additional data collection and analysis for this trial in 2014 in order to gather an additional year of data. For Obj. 5, efforts will focus on continued data collection and analysis as well as preparation of manuscripts for scientific journals and presentations at scientific meetings.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
For Obj. 1, growth chamber, greenhouse and field studies have continued to evaluate carbon sources for control of key soilborne pathogens and weeds in Tennessee vegetable crop production systems. In 2013, six growth chamber and 1 field study were implemented. Outreach included presentation of results at scientific meetings, publication in peer-reviewed scientific journals, and a producer field day. For Obj. 2, a field trial at UT’s Organic Crops Unit evaluating reduced tillage organic vegetable production systems continued for the third year. Results from the first two years of this study (soil quality, crop yields, weed dynamics) are being prepared for submission to a peer-reviewed journal. For Obj. 3, one field trial (two years; UT’s organic Crops Unit) and one on-farm study (two years) were completed in 2013. Outreach in 2013 included presentations at two producer field days and one producer meeting (Tennessee Forage and Grassland Council). Results from these studies are currently being prepared for submission to peer-reviewed journals. For Obj. 4, we began the first year of this study in 2013 and it will continue in 2014. Research samples continue to be processed and preliminary data is being analyzed. For Obj. 5, a number of cover crop, tillage system and crop management trials have been implemented at UT’s Organic Crops Unit and these studies and data collection and sample analysis is ongoing. The first results from these studies will likely be prepared for journal submission in 2014.
Publications
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
1. Butler, D.M., S.E. Eichler Inwood, C. Fust and H. Barry. Ecologically-based weed management strategies for organic growers. 24 Apr 2013. Proceedings of the Organic Crops Field Tour, East Tennessee Research and Education Center, Knoxville, TN.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
2. Leib, B., W. Wright, P. Vanchiasong, A. Haghverdi, T. Grant, D.M. Butler and S.E. Eichler Inwood. Improved high tunnel production through rain water utilization, ventilation management, soil mulches and cover crops. 24 Apr 2013. Proceedings of the Organic Crops Field Tour, East Tennessee Research and Education Center, Knoxville, TN.
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Progress 01/01/12 to 12/31/12
Outputs
OUTPUTS: At the UT Organic Crops Unit, five organically-managed forage systems were evaluated in terms of forage establishment and management in the Southeast and feasibility of integration into sod-based, organic crop rotations. To better examine these rotations over the long-term, reduced-tillage cover crop-based vegetable production systems (organic and conventional) and tilled, plasticulture controls (organic and conventional) were established to allow for comparisons between treatments and to sod-based rotations in terms of crop yield, soil properties, and weed dynamics. In separate studies, we began evaluation of the impact of organic crop seeding rates on weed control, soil properties and yields. In the first, the effect of seeding rate is being evaluated within a four-year crop rotation sequence including five cash crops (corn, soybean, soft red winter wheat, forage cowpea, and red clover) and in the second, wheat seeding rate and cultivar impacts on weed control and crop performance in a reduced-tillage organic wheat-cowpea double crop are being evaluated. Numerous cover crops and mixtures are also being evaluated for both reduced-tillage and tilled organic applications for impacts on soil properties, weed control, and cash crop performance. In one study, six mixtures of legumes and cereal grains are being evaluated in reduced-tillage organic systems for the production of summer grains and in another study five cover crops (varieties and mixtures) are being evaluated for production of organic summer grains following tillage. PARTICIPANTS: Not relevant to this project. TARGET AUDIENCES: Not relevant to this project. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.
Impacts
Preliminary results suggest that the most productive forage treatments in the first year following establishment were the annual mixture of wheat/crimson clover and sorghum-sudangrass and treatments which included red clover. The lowest yield was observed from the alfalfa monoculture, primarily due to the very low spring harvest caused by sclerotinia stem and crown rot. The yield compensation of the orchardgrass component of the alfalfa-orchardgrass mixture prevented the dramatic yield loss observed in the alfalfa monoculture. Results in the second year were more favorable to the treatments containing alfalfa, due to higher drought resistance compared to red clover. By July 2011 harvests, percent of unsown species was generally quite low in all forage treatments, averaging less than 5% of dry matter. In general, there were few significant differences in yield of eggplant across management treatments, suggesting that reduced-tillage organic systems can produce comparable yields to tilled, plasticulture systems. While total soil nitrogen (N) varied little among treatments, particulate organic matter N (POM-N) showed a greater response to management. Highest levels of POM-N were observed from the alfalfa monoculture and red clover/orchardgrass mixture and the lowest levels observed from conventional vegetable production (reduced-tillage and conventional tillage). Organic vegetable production systems generally had intermediate levels of POM-N between organic forage systems and conventional vegetable systems. Data collection and analysis from other studies is ongoing.
Publications
- Butler, D.M., G.E. Bates, S.E. Eichler-Inwood, and D.W. McIntosh. 2012. Development and evaluation of organic forage systems for the Mid-South, USA. 76th ASA-CSSA-SSSA Annual Meeting Abstracts; Cincinnati, OH, 21-24 Oct 2012.
- Butler, D.M., G.E. Bates, and S.E. Eichler-Inwood. 2012. Impact of cover crop based reduced-tillage systems on eggplant yield, weed populations, and soil quality in organic and conventional production. Annual Conference of the American Society for Horticultural Science; Miami, FL, 31 Jul-3 Aug 2012.
- Eichler Inwood, S.E., D.M. Butler, G.E. Bates, and J. Beeler. Reduced tillage organic vegetable production and sod-based rotations. 26 Apr 2012. Proceedings of the Organic Crops Field Tour, East Tennessee Research and Education Center, Knoxville, TN.
- Butler, D.M., G.E. Bates, S.E. Eichler Inwood, J. Beeler, and D. McIntosh. Interactions between seeding rates and weed control in organic field and forage crops. 26 Apr 2012. Proceedings of the Organic Crops Field Tour, East Tennessee Research and Education Center, Knoxville, TN.
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Progress 01/01/11 to 12/31/11
Outputs
OUTPUTS: This project began in Oct 2011 and thus we have limited results to report for the period from Jan 2011 to Dec 2011. PARTICIPANTS: Not relevant to this project. TARGET AUDIENCES: Not relevant to this project. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.
Impacts
Studies have been initiated to meet all five objectives and data collection is in progress.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
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