Source: TENNESSEE STATE UNIVERSITY submitted to
AMERICAN GINSENG AND CHILDHOOD OBESITY: THE EFFECTS AND MECHANISMS IN MICE AND PREADIPOCYTES
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
TERMINATED
Funding Source
OTHER GRANTS
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
0226273
Grant No.
2011-38821-30965
Project No.
TENX-2011-02575
Proposal No.
2011-02575
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Program Code
EQ
Project Start Date
Sep 1, 2011
Project End Date
Aug 31, 2015
Grant Year
2011
Project Director
Si, H.
Recipient Organization
TENNESSEE STATE UNIVERSITY
3500 JOHN A. MERRITT BLVD
NASHVILLE,TN 37209
Performing Department
Family and Consumer Sciences
Non Technical Summary
Molecular nutrition research, one of the most rapidly developing fields in food and nutrition sciences, was recently initiated in the School of Agriculture and Consumer Sciences (SACS) at Tennessee State University (TSU). A CBG support will greatly build the capacity of molecular nutrition research at TSU to fulfill the high priority area of 1890 CBG: Human health and obesity as it relates to nutrition and human sciences. Obesity and related diseases are among the most profound public health problems for young Americans today. In 2010, it is predicted that more than 40% of American children will be overweight or obese. The long-term goal of this proposed project is to develop an anti-obesity agent-supplemented food/beverage to prevent the prevalence of childhood obesity. The overall objective of this proposed project is to determine whether and how dietary intake of American ginseng, a natural product prevents obesity in mice and preadipocytes. This project if completed will: 1) build the capacity of molecular nutrition and obesity research at TSU; 2) provide the potentiality in developing a natural product-supplemented food/beverage for childhood obesity prevention; 3) strengthen the PD?s capacity in securing extramural funding to continue molecular nutrition research in food-derived components and childhood obesity prevention; and 4) contribute to the development of a new Masters and PhD Program in Human Nutrition and Food Science in SACS and the achievement of long-term goals of TSU.
Animal Health Component
(N/A)
Research Effort Categories
Basic
100%
Applied
(N/A)
Developmental
(N/A)
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
70222201010100%
Knowledge Area
702 - Requirements and Function of Nutrients and Other Food Components;

Subject Of Investigation
2220 - Medicinal crops, non-narcotic;

Field Of Science
1010 - Nutrition and metabolism;
Goals / Objectives
The goal of this project is to identify the bioactive components of American ginseng and elucidate cellular and molecular mechanisms of American ginseng and its bioactive components in preventing obesity. These results will provide the potential for developing a ginseng-supplemented food/beverage to prevent childhood obesity. Completion of this project will vitally facilitate the establishment of the molecular nutrition research capacity in the School of Agriculture and Consumer Sciences (SACS) at Tennessee State University (TSU). This project will also contribute to the development of the new Masters and PhD Programs in Human Nutrition and Food Science in SACS and the achievement of long-term goals of TSU. This project will generate 2-3 full length research papers to be published in peer-reviewed journals. We will present our research findings in regional, national and international conferences (3-5) in the form of posters, oral presentations and abstracts. Two graduate students will be recruited and trained in molecular nutrition research.
Project Methods
Objective 1 Determine whether dietary intake of American ginseng and its bioactive components prevents high-fat diet induced obesity in ob/ob mice. We will conduct the following specific experiments to test our hypothesis in ob/ob obese mice: 1) identify bioactive components of American ginseng in preventing obesity; 2) determine optimum dosages of American ginseng and its bioactive components in preventing obesity; 3) assess if fat accumulation, inflammation markers, vascular function and pathological process in fat, liver and aorta mediate the anti-obesity effect of American ginseng and its bioactive components; 4) investigate whether PPAR and AMPK signaling pathway involve in the anti-obesity effect of American ginseng and its bioactive components. These studies will generate valuable information allow us to evaluate whether and how dietary supplementation of American ginseng and its bioactive components prevent high-fat induced obesity in ob/ob mice. Objective 2 Determine whether American ginseng and its bioactive components prevent obesity by inhibiting cell proliferation and differentiation through PPAR and/or AMPK signaling pathways in 3T3-L1preadipocytes. We will pursue the following specific experiments to test our hypothesis: 1) determine whether American ginseng and its components inhibit cell proliferation in 3T3-L1preadipocytes; 2) determine whether American ginseng and its components inhibit cell differentiation in 3T3-L1preadipocytes; 3) assess whether PPARs mediate the anti-proliferation and anti-differentiation effects of American ginseng and its components in 3T3-L1preadipocytes; and 4) evaluate whether AMPK pathway involves in inhibitive effect of American ginseng and its components on cell proliferation and differentiation in 3T3-L1preadipocytes. Data analysis. We will repeat all in vitro experiments at least three more times with duplicated determinations. Data will be analyzed using one-way or two-way ANOVA using SigmaPlot software and expressed as mean&#61617;SEM. Significant differences between treatment groups will be analyzed using Duncan's multiple comparison test, where p<0.05 will be considered significant. Evaluation. The project progress will be evaluated twice each year by research administrators (The Research Director, Dean, and Associate Deans, Department Head). The PD will submit semiannually progress reports to research administrators and compile the annual report based on the information on the quarterly progress reports. The annual report will be submitted NIFA/USDA for evaluation. The project will be evaluated on the progress to meet the research goals as related to the established time lines (20%), collaborative efforts (20%), capacity building (30%), and the measurable outcomes (30%) as outlined in the Timetable and the Products, Results and Measurable Outcomes.

Progress 09/01/11 to 08/31/15

Outputs
Target Audience:Professional community, colleagues, students and public Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?One master degree student graduated in December 2014 and he continues his study in my lab as a PhD student, one PhD student have been trained 3 and half years and expected to graduate in December 2015, two new PhD students joined the lab in August 2014. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results has been published or presented in the professional journals such as Nutrition Research, and professional meetings such asInternational Symposium on Phytochemicals in MedicineandFood,Experimental Biology Annual Meetingas well as university meetings, seminars and class What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Capacity building in molecular nutrition lab: The molecular nutrition lab was established in 2012 and worked very well. As a PD, Dr. Hongwei Si directed several research projects including this CBG project, Evans-Allen project as well as other university-sponsored programs. Experiments: Three ginsenosides and whole American ginseng extract have been confirmed in inhibiting adipocyte differentiation both in 3T3-L1 cells and human primary preadipocytes. These three ginsenosides and whole American ginseng extract have been fed in obese mice and some chemicals prevented body weight gain. All designed experiments have been completed. Students training: One master degree student graduated in December 2014 and he continues his study in my lab as a PhD student, one PhD student have been trained 3 and half years and expected to graduate in December 2015, two new PhD students joined the lab in August 2014. Publications and presentations: One research article has been submitted to Nutrition Research and is under reviewing now. Three more manuscripts are working now and expected to submit to journals such as Obesity, Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry in 2015 and 2016. Moreover, four abstracts have been or will be presented in the international, national conferences such as International Symposium on Phytochemicals in Medicine and Food, Experimental Biology Annual Meeting. Proposals development: two new proposals have been developed based on the data from this CBG program and submitted to NIFA/USDA, and NIH in 2015.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Submitted Year Published: 2015 Citation: Combinations of genistein, EGCG and/or resveratrol inhibit pre-adipocyte differentiation by suppressing PPAR-y/C/EBP-a pathway


Progress 09/01/13 to 08/31/14

Outputs
Target Audience: Professional community, colleagues, students and public Changes/Problems: This project has been extended one more year without cost because of the delay of the lab setup What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? One master degree student graduated in December 2014, one phd student have been trainned 3 years, two more phd students joined the lab in August 2014 How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? One abstract resulted from this project has been presented on the 2014 Experimental Biology Conference One abstract resulted from this project has been presented to the TSU research symposium What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Continue investigate cellular and molecular mechanisms of the anti-obesity effect of American ginseng and three selected ginsenosides in cells and tissues collected from mice Continue train graduate students in molecular nutrition research

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Three ginsenosides have been confirmed in inhibiting adipocyte differentiation both in cells and obese mice Results have been presented in the national/international conference: Experimental Biology Meeting One master degree student graduated December 2014, one phd student have been trainned 3 years, and two more phd students joined the lab in August 2014

Publications

  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: American ginseng and its bioactive compounds inhibit preadipocyte differentiation by suppressing peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma in 3T3-L1 cells and human primary preadipocyte


Progress 09/01/12 to 08/31/13

Outputs
Target Audience: professional community, colleagues and students Changes/Problems: This project have to extend one more year to complete because of the delay of laboratory setup. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? One phd student and one master graduate student have been trained in this project How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Yes. One abstract resulted from this project has been submitted to the 2014 Experimental Biology Conference What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Continue investigate mechanims and effects of American ginseng whole extracts and its bioactive compounds in inhibiting fat cell differentiation and prevent obesity in mice Continue train graduate students in molecular nutrtion research

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Three bioactive compounds of Amerian ginseng have been approved in inhibiting adipocytes differentiation. One phd student and one master graduate student have been trained under this project

Publications

  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Submitted Year Published: 2013 Citation: Ginsenosides and whole extracts of American ginseng inhibit preadipocytes differentiation


Progress 09/01/11 to 08/31/12

Outputs
OUTPUTS: Build the capacity of molecular nutrition and obesity research and strengthen PhD program at TSU. Specifically,we have investigated more than ten gisenosides and the whole American Ginseng using 3T3-L1 cells. We have developed the animal study protocol and it is under reviewing by the Animal Care Committee. Moreover, one PhD student has been recruited in August 2012 to conduct this project. Two graduate students have been partially worked for this project. A poster of this project has been presented on the Capacity Building Grants Program Project Director's Meeting 2012. Huntsville, AL. The PD also have presented this project in the graduate courses and the College Seminar as well. The molecular nutrition lab is working very well supported by this grant. PARTICIPANTS: Carlous Virgous, Collaborator, Meharry Medical College; Longyun Zhang, PhD student, TSU TARGET AUDIENCES: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.

Impacts
Supported by this project, more small equipment and lab supplies have been added to the molecular nutrition lab. Moreover, three graduate students have been partly or fully supported by this grant to work in this lab . These activities extremely enhanced the nutrition research capacity at TSU as well as the minority graduate students education, one of the major goals of this grant.

Publications

  • No publications reported this period