Source: FORT PECK COMMUNITY COLLEGE submitted to
UTILIZING THE CRP TO SUSTAIN OPERATIONS FOR AMERICAN INDIAN PRODUCERS ON THE FORT PECK INDIAN RESERVATION
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
TERMINATED
Funding Source
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
0225872
Grant No.
2011-38424-30613
Project No.
MONE-2011-02059
Proposal No.
2011-02059
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Program Code
ZY
Project Start Date
Sep 1, 2011
Project End Date
Feb 28, 2014
Grant Year
2011
Project Director
Archdale-Schumacher, C.
Recipient Organization
FORT PECK COMMUNITY COLLEGE
P. O. BOX 398
POPLAR,MT 59255
Performing Department
Agriculture/Extension
Non Technical Summary
The provisions of the 2008 Farm Bill required substantial changes in the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP). While the program is to be continued with funding levels maintained at about the same annual level as in 2007, the 2008 Farm Bill mandated that, on a national basis, the total amount of land enrolled in the CRP be substantially reduced. In April 2008, although the national cap on CRP enrollment under prior legislation was 39.2 million acres, a total of 34.7 million acres was enrolled. However, the 2008 legislation reduced the enrollment cap to 32 million acres, beginning on October 1, 2009 and remaining in effect in 2010, 2011 and 2012 with implications for 2013 and beyond. Research is therefore urgently needed on the implications of these changes in the CRP and its implementation for land management and the financial viability of American Indian farm and ranch operations on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation. CRP rental payments account for between 5 and 10 percent of total farm and ranch incomes and the loss or a significant reduction in those payments will have substantive effects on operation profitability and American Indian farmers? access to finance from lending institutions. Decision tools and related research that enable those producers to effectively address these changes in their management environment are therefore needed to facilitate the sustainability of their operations. In addition, the potential consequences of related land use changes for carbon sequestration and climate change as well as wild life habitat need to be assessed, especially in relation to the Fort Peck tribes? cultural commitment to preserving the environment.
Animal Health Component
(N/A)
Research Effort Categories
Basic
(N/A)
Applied
100%
Developmental
(N/A)
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
90360993020100%
Goals / Objectives
The vision for this project is to enable American Indian farmers and ranchers on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation to effectively participate in the Conservation Reserve Program, as modified by the 2008 Farm Bill, to maintain the long run financial and environmental sustainability of their operations and Fort Peck Indian Reservation's rural tribal communities. This project has the following six objectives: 1. Identify key changes in the Environmental Benefits Index currently being developed by the USDA FSA for 2010-2012 CRP sign-ups and reenrollment applications and allowable maximum CRP county rental rates. 2. Develop three representative model farms (small, medium, large) and three representative model ranches (small medium and large) that reflect the American Indian farm and ranch operations on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation. The models will be dynamic; that is they will account for land use changes over time in terms of acreage allocations between the CRP, grazing, and cropping (where cropping practices include the use of fallow in crop rotations on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation where fallowing is carried out frequently and, I some cases, every other year, under no-till and chemical fallow once every three years). 3. Utilize representative farms and ranches to estimate impacts of alternative CRP rental rates on land use, crop mix, farm and ranch incomes, carbon sequestration and wild life populations through aggregating to the Fort Peck Indian Reservation level using 2007 Census data. Impacts on carbon sequestration will be estimated using LCA procedures that reflect production practices and soil structures on the reservation. Impacts on wildlife will be estimated by developing estimates of habitat provided by CRP land as compared to crop land and grazing land and examining potential effects of shifts in the land from CRP to other uses. 4. Utilize the estimates on impacts on farm and ranch incomes to assess the effects of the changes in the CRP for the economic sustainability of Fort Peck Indian Reservation's Rural Communities. 5. Develop an Excel-based decision tool for Fort Peck Indian Reservation farmers and ranchers to enable them to develop optimal rental rate bids for land to be enrolled, or reenrolled, in the CRP. 6. Provide outreach programs for Fort Peck Indian Reservation Farmers and Ranchers on CRP and the use of the decision tool to be developed under objective 5.
Project Methods
This research project will investigate the implications for land use by, and the financial viability of, the operations of American Indian agricultural producers on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation as a result of the recent and current changes in the implementation of the CRP. A central feature of the project will be the development of a new financial decision model of farm land allocation decisions for representative American Indian farms on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation that models how land use decisions change in a dynamic financial decision making context and permits the estimation of the ecological, and especially the carbon sequestration consequences of changing land use patterns on those operations. Estimates of the carbon sequestration impacts of shifts in land use away from (or into) the CRP and into (or away from) grazing and cropping will be obtained using life cycle accounting (LCA) approaches. User friendly "front end" will also be developed for the model farms to allow individual producers, in collaboration with FPCC extension personnel, to assess the implications of alternative CRP enrollment decisions for their own operation's financial and environmental performance. The changes in land use and potential farm and ranch revenues will have important implications for the financial viability and sustainability of Fort Peck Indian Reservation American Indian operations, Conservation Reserve Program practices on American Indian lands, and the economic viability of the highly rural communities on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation. A series of outreach bulletins will be developed that (a) describe the CRP program as modified by the 2008 Farm Bill and the new EBI, (b) describe CRP enrollment and reenrollment procedures and bidding processes, (c) describe and explain the use of the Excel based farm/ranch CRP decision tool and (d) report the results of the research on aggregate carbon sequestration/climate change and rural community sustainability impacts on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation Community. The Excel based farm/ranch CRP decision tool will be developed and made available to all American Indian producers on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation on a CD and via the FPCC and MSU Agricultural Marketing Policy Center websites. The software will be available on an open-access, zero-cost basis. Finally, a series of research reports will be developed for presentation at academic conferences and for submission to professional journals such as the American Journal of Agricultural Economics.

Progress 09/01/11 to 02/28/14

Outputs
Target Audience: The immediate target audiences for this project was more than 130 American Indian farmers and ranchers on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation and the tribal managers of Fort Peck Indian Reservation tribal lands. These producers and managers urgently needed state-of-the art information about the recent changes in the CRP and decision tools that enable them to make management decisions about CRP participation that optimize the short and long run financial and agronomic performance of their operations. In addition, research will also be of value to many other American Indian producers on and adjacent to reservations in the Northern Great Plains. These include American Indian producers on the five other tribal reservations in Montana located east of the continental Divide (Crow, Northern Cheyenne, Fort Belknap, Blackfeet and Rocky Boy) and in North Dakota (Standing Rock Sioux, Turtle Mountain, Three Tribes, and Spirit Lake). Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? This project addressed a critical need for American Indian agricultural producers and entrepreneurs on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation including an outreach program in which information that was delivered directly to producers on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation and via distance education, reaching 49 participants. Of the 49 participants 84% were American Indian. The findings of the project was also shared with non-American Indian agricultural producers in the Northern Great Plains through outreach education bulletins and by providing access to computer-based decision tools via the web-sites of Fort Peck Community College and Montana State University’s Agricultural Marketing Policy Center. Finally, this project provided important information needed to encourage renewable resource-based economic development in the Fort Peck Indian Reservation communities. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Fort Peck Community College will stay abreast the 2014 Farm Bill and any changes relevant to the Conservation Reserve Program.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Fort Peck Community College and the MSU research team identified the changes in the Environmental Benefits Index, developed model farms to analyze optimal strategies for CRP enrollment and identified impacts on carbon sequestration using LCA procedures that reflect production practices and soil structures on the reservation. Impacts on wildlife have been estimated by developing estimates of habitat provided by CRP land as compared to crop land and grazing land and examining potential effects of shifts in the land from CRP to other uses. Of equal importance is the working relationship the continues to blossom with Montana State University-Bozeman allowing FPCC to receive technical expertise for programs and/or research delivered to American Indian Producers on the Fort Peck Reservation. MSU has been influential in guiding the FPCC Agriculture/Extension Department research efforts for nearly a decade. In addition, Fort Peck Community College has a valuable relationship with the Fort Peck Tribal Programs. FPCC and the Fort Peck Assiniboine and Sioux Tribes have established a productive collaborative of education, training and implementation of services and programs to promote economic development as well as conservation efforts. The collaboration between Fort Peck and MSU, and the Fort Peck Tribes in developing and delivering agricultural research, outreach materials and programs serves to increase the capacity of the Fort Peck Community College Agriculture/Extension department.

Publications

  • Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2013 Citation: Montana State University Agricultural Marketing Center Briefing Software (Software in Excel). CRP Decision Software Tool. Joel Schumacher. June 2013.
  • Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2012 Citation: Montana State University Agricultural Marketing Center Briefing Paper 105: Carbon Sequestration. Joel Schumacher and Vincent H. Smith, August 2012.
  • Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2014 Citation: Montana State University Agricultural Marketing Center Policy Paper 44. Procedural Issues Relative to CRP Participation in Montana: Consideration Prior to Making an Offer, Offer Formulation and Offer Acceptance. Joel Schumacher, James B. Johnson, Thomas Bass, and Leigh Ann Spokas. Forthcoming, April 2014.
  • Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2013 Citation: Montana State University Agricultural Marketing Center Policy Paper 41. Production Risk Management for Wyoming Ranches: The Future for Federal Disaster Programs, Vincent H. Smith, James B, Johnson, and John P. Hewlett (University of Wyoming), July 2013.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2013 Citation: Conservation Reserve Program: Past, Present and Future, James B. JohnsonJoel B. Schumacher, November 25, 2013 A 2013 Farm Bill: What is happpening with Conservation? Vince Smith, November 25, 2013. November 25, 2013. Landowners and Operators and FSA InteractionPart II: CRP Sign-Up1James B. Johnson November 25, 2013 Landowner aand Operators and FSA InteractionPart I: Eligibility Considerations, and Soil Rental Rates1. James B. Johnson. November 25, 2013 Economics Incentives and the CRP Program1James B. Johnson. November 25, 2013.


Progress 09/01/11 to 08/31/13

Outputs
Target Audience: The immediate target audiences for this project was more than 130 American Indian farmers and ranchers on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation and the tribal managers of Fort Peck Indian Reservation tribal lands. These producers and managers urgently needed state-of-the art information about the recent changes in the CRP and decision tools that enable them to make management decisions about CRP participation that optimize the short and long run financial and agronomic performance of their operations. In addition, research will also be of value to many other American Indian producers on and adjacent to reservations in the Northern Great Plains. These include American Indian producers on the five other tribal reservations in Montana located east of the continental Divide (Crow, Northern Cheyenne, Fort Belknap, Blackfeet and Rocky Boy) and in North Dakota (Standing Rock Sioux, Turtle Mountain, Three Tribes, and Spirit Lake). Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? This project addressed a critical need for American Indian agricultural producers and entrepreneurs on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation including an outreach program in which information that was delivered directly to producers on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation and via distance education, reaching 49 participants. Of the 49 participants 84% were American Indian. The findings of the project was also shared with non-American Indian agricultural producers in the Northern Great Plains through outreach education bulletins and by providing access to computer-based decision tools via the web-sites of Fort Peck Community College and Montana State University’s Agricultural Marketing Policy Center. Finally, this project provided important information needed to encourage renewable resource-based economic development in the Fort Peck Indian Reservation communities. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Fort Peck Community College will stay abreast the 2014 Farm Bill and any changes relevant to the Conservation Reserve Program.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Fort Peck Community College and the MSU research team identified the changes in the Environmental Benefits Index, developed model farms to analyze optimal strategies for CRP enrollment and identified impacts on carbon sequestration using LCA procedures that reflect production practices and soil structures on the reservation. Impacts on wildlife have been estimated by developing estimates of habitat provided by CRP land as compared to crop land and grazing land and examining potential effects of shifts in the land from CRP to other uses. Of equal importance is the working relationship the continues to blossom with Montana State University-Bozeman allowing FPCC to receive technical expertise for programs and/or research delivered to American Indian Producers on the Fort Peck Reservation. MSU has been influential in guiding the FPCC Agriculture/Extension Department research efforts for nearly a decade. In addition, Fort Peck Community College has a valuable relationship with the Fort Peck Tribal Programs. FPCC and the Fort Peck Assiniboine and Sioux Tribes have established a productive collaborative of education, training and implementation of services and programs to promote economic development as well as conservation efforts. The collaboration between Fort Peck and MSU, and the Fort Peck Tribes in developing and delivering agricultural research, outreach materials and programs serves to increase the capacity of the Fort Peck Community College Agriculture/Extension department.

Publications

  • Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2013 Citation: Montana State University Agricultural Marketing Center Briefing Software (Software in Excel). CRP Decision Software Tool. Joel Schumacher. June 2013.
  • Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2012 Citation: Montana State University Agricultural Marketing Center Briefing Paper 105: Carbon Sequestration. Joel Schumacher and Vincent H. Smith, August 2012.
  • Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2014 Citation: Montana State University Agricultural Marketing Center Policy Paper 44. Procedural Issues Relative to CRP Participation in Montana: Consideration Prior to Making an Offer, Offer Formulation and Offer Acceptance. Joel Schumacher, James B. Johnson, Thomas Bass, and Leigh Ann Spokas. Forthcoming, April 2014.
  • Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2013 Citation: Montana State University Agricultural Marketing Center Policy Paper 41. Production Risk Management for Wyoming Ranches: The Future for Federal Disaster Programs, Vincent H. Smith, James B, Johnson, and John P. Hewlett (University of Wyoming), July 2013.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2013 Citation: Conservation Reserve Program: Past, Present and Future, James B. JohnsonJoel B. Schumacher, November 25, 2013 A 2013 Farm Bill: What is happpening with Conservation? Vince Smith, November 25, 2013. November 25, 2013. Landowners and Operators and FSA InteractionPart II: CRP Sign-Up1James B. Johnson November 25, 2013 Landowner aand Operators and FSA InteractionPart I: Eligibility Considerations, and Soil Rental Rates1. James B. Johnson. November 25, 2013 Economics Incentives and the CRP Program1James B. Johnson. November 25, 2013.


Progress 09/01/12 to 08/31/13

Outputs
Target Audience: The immediate target audiences for this project was more than 130 American Indian farmers and ranchers on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation and the tribal managers of Fort Peck Indian Reservation tribal lands. These producers and managers urgently needed state-of-the art information about the recent changes in the CRP and decision tools that enable them to make management decisions about CRP participation that optimize the short and long run financial and agronomic performance of their operations. In addition, research will also be of value to many other American Indian producers on and adjacent to reservations in the Northern Great Plains. These include American Indian producers on the five other tribal reservations in Montana located east of the continental Divide (Crow, Northern Cheyenne, Fort Belknap, Blackfeet and Rocky Boy) and in North Dakota (Standing Rock Sioux, Turtle Mountain, Three Tribes, and Spirit Lake). Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? This project addressed a critical need for American Indian agricultural producers and entrepreneurs on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation including an outreach program in which information that was delivered directly to producers on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation and via distance education, reaching 49 participants. Of the 49 participants 84% were American Indian. The findings of the project was also shared with non-American Indian agricultural producers in the Northern Great Plains through outreach education bulletins and by providing access to computer-based decision tools via the web-sites of Fort Peck Community College and Montana State University’s Agricultural Marketing Policy Center. Finally, this project provided important information needed to encourage renewable resource-based economic development in the Fort Peck Indian Reservation communities. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Fort Peck Community College will continue to stay abreast the 2014 Farm Bill and educate American Indian Farmers and Ranchers with any relevant changes to the Conservation Reserve Program.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Fort Peck Community College and the MSU research team identified the changes in the Environmental Benefits Index, developed model farms to analyze optimal strategies for CRP enrollment and identified impacts on carbon sequestration using LCA procedures that reflect production practices and soil structures on the reservation. Impacts on wildlife have been estimated by developing estimates of habitat provided by CRP land as compared to crop land and grazing land and examining potential effects of shifts in the land from CRP to other uses. Of equal importance is the working relationship the continues to blossom with Montana State University-Bozeman allowing FPCC to receive technical expertise for programs and/or research delivered to American Indian Producers on the Fort Peck Reservation. MSU has been influential in guiding the FPCC Agriculture/Extension Department research efforts for nearly a decade. In addition, Fort Peck Community College has a valuable relationship with the Fort Peck Tribal Programs. FPCC and the Fort Peck Assiniboine and Sioux Tribes have established a productive collaborative of education, training and implementation of services and programs to promote economic development as well as conservation efforts. The collaboration between Fort Peck and MSU, and the Fort Peck Tribes in developing and delivering agricultural research, outreach materials and programs serves to increase the capacity of the Fort Peck Community College Agriculture/Extension department.

Publications

  • Type: Other Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2014 Citation: Montana State University Agricultural Marketing Center Policy Paper 44. Procedural Issues Relative to CRP Participation in Montana: Consideration Prior to Making an Offer, Offer Formulation and Offer Acceptance. Joel Schumacher, James B. Johnson, Thomas Bass, and Leigh Ann Spokas. Forthcoming, April 2014.
  • Type: Other Status: Accepted Year Published: 2013 Citation: Montana State University Agricultural Marketing Center Briefing Software (Software in Excel). CRP Decision Software Tool. Joel Schumacher. June 2013.
  • Type: Other Status: Submitted Year Published: 2012 Citation: Montana State University Agricultural Marketing Center Briefing Paper 105: Carbon Sequestration. Joel Schumacher and Vincent H. Smith, August 2012.
  • Type: Other Status: Submitted Year Published: 2013 Citation: Montana State University Agricultural Marketing Center Policy Paper 41. Production Risk Management for Wyoming Ranches: The Future for Federal Disaster Programs, Vincent H. Smith, James B, Johnson, and John P. Hewlett (University of Wyoming), July 2013.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2013 Citation: Conservation Reserve Program: Past, Present and Future, James B. JohnsonJoel B. Schumacher, November 25, 2013 A 2013 Farm Bill: What is happpening with Conservation? Vince Smith, November 25, 2013. November 25, 2013. Landowners and Operators and FSA InteractionPart II: CRP Sign-Up1James B. Johnson November 25, 2013 Landowner aand Operators and FSA InteractionPart I: Eligibility Considerations, and Soil Rental Rates1. James B. Johnson. November 25, 2013 Economics Incentives and the CRP Program1James B. Johnson. November 25, 2013.


Progress 09/01/11 to 08/31/12

Outputs
OUTPUTS: Fort Peck Community College and the MSU research team have identified the changes in the Environmental Benefits Index, developed model farms to analyze optimal strategies for CRP enrollment and have identified Impacts on carbon sequestration using LCA procedures that reflect production practices and soil structures on the reservation. Impacts on wildlife have been estimated by developing estimates of habitat provided by CRP land as compared to crop land and grazing land and examining potential effects of shifts in the land from CRP to other uses. Research is dynamic and will account for land use changes over time in terms of acreage allocations between the CRP, grazing, and cropping. Findings from the research will be developed in policy briefing papers. PARTICIPANTS: Working relationships have been developed with Montana State University-Bozeman to provide assistance and technical expertise for programs and/or research delivered to American Indian Producers on the Fort Peck Reservation. MSU will be responsible for leading research efforts with Fort Peck Community College. In addition, Fort Peck Community College has a valuable relationship with the Fort Peck Tribal Programs. FPCC and the Fort Peck Assiniboine and Sioux Tribes have established a productive collaborative of education, training and implementation of services and programs to promote economic development as well as conservation efforts. The collaboration between Fort Peck and MSU, and the Fort Peck Tribes in developing and delivering agricultural research, outreach materials and programs will serves to increase the capacity of the Fort Peck Community College Agriculture/Extension department. TARGET AUDIENCES: The immediate target audiences for this project are the more than 130 American Indian farmers and ranchers on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation and the tribal managers of Fort Peck Indian Reservation tribal lands. These producers and managers urgently need state-of-the art information about the recent changes in the CRP and decision tools that enable them to make management decisions about CRP participation that optimize the short and long run financial and agronomic performance of their operations. The results of the research will also be of value to many other American Indian producers on and adjacent to reservations in the Northern Great Plains. These include American Indian producers on the five other tribal reservations in Montana located east of the continental Divide and in North Dakota. The project will therefore include an outreach program in which information will be delivered directly to producers on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation and via distance education technology to other reservations. In addition, findings of the project will be shared with non-American Indian agricultural producers in the Northern Great Plains through outreach education bulletins and by providing access to computer-based decision tools via the web-sites of Fort Peck Community College and Montana State University's Agricultural Marketing Policy Center. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.

Impacts
This project directly addresses issues of central importance to FPCC's equity education and extension/outreach programs. In FPCC's Outreach Extension Program strategic plan, a major area of focus is improving the financial performance and long run sustainability of American Indian farms and ranches through expanded and more effective participation in USDA Farm Service Agency and USDA Risk Management Agency programs. A second major FPCC objective is to enable American Indian producers to more effectively achieve their environmental sustainability goals while ensuring their farms and ranches are financially sustainable. This project will directly contribute to that major objective. The project will also increase and expand the reputation that FPCC has for providing research that supports outreach programs directly relevant to major goals and objectives for the Fort Peck Indian Reservation, American Indian agricultural producers on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation and other Montana and North Dakota reservations, and other American Indian producers in the Northern Great Plains. The outreach and publication plans associated with this project described above in Tasks 5 and 6, are integral to this purpose.

Publications

  • No publications reported this period