IMPROVEMENT OF HARD WINTER WHEAT VARIETIES FOR KANSAS

• Sponsoring Institution: National Institute of Food and Agriculture
• Project Status: TERMINATED
• Funding Source: HATCH
• Reporting Frequency: Annual
• Accession No.: 0225545
• Project No.: KS464
• Project Start Date: Jul 1, 2011
• Project End Date: Jun 30, 2016

Project Director
Fritz, A.

Recipient Organization
KANSAS STATE UNIV
(N/A)
MANHATTAN,KS 66506

Performing Department
Agronomy

Non Technical Summary
This project will provide multiple benefits to the public. This work In addition, Change in knowledge will be demonstrated through published research articles and through dissemination of results at wheat producer field days. Change in action will be demonstrated through adoption of new varieties by producers and utilization of K-State materials by other wheat improvement programs. Change in conditions will be demonstrated through provision of a stable and secure food supply by addressing important constraints to wheat production. This work will have a positive impact on the environment by reducing inputs through increasing the efficiency of the plants use of water and nutrients and lowering the need for pesticides.

Animal Health Component

(N/A)

Research Effort Categories

Basic

(N/A)

Applied

(N/A)

Developmental

(N/A)

Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)	Subject of Investigation (SOI)	Field of Science (FOS)	Percent
201	1540	1080	80%
201	1544	1080	10%
201	1545	1080	10%

Knowledge Area
201 - Plant Genome, Genetics, and Genetic Mechanisms;

Subject Of Investigation
1540 - Hard red winter wheat; 1545 - Durum wheat; 1544 - Hard white wheat;

Field Of Science
1080 - Genetics;

Keywords

hard winter wheat

wheat

genetics

protein

kernel size

wheat breeding

wheat disease

stress

pests

Goals / Objectives
The primary objective of the project is development of new wheat varieties for commercial production in Kansas and neighboring states. Breeding is a process rather than a project. The breeding program has a full pipeline of materials with several strong candidates for release in the next few years. Other objectives that are integrated into the breeding program include: Validation of leaf/stripe rust resistance. We have concluded mapping experiments on the spring wheat line Amadina. This line has been heavily used in our breeding program and we now have the genetic resources to validate the mapping results. Markers for validated QTL will be optimized for use in marker assisted selection. FHB and BYDV resistance in Everest. Everest has good levels of resistance to these critical diseases. Based on DNA marker analysis, we know that Everest does not contain Fhb1 or Bdv1 (associated with Lr34/Yr18). Identification of DNA markers associated with these traits will allow efficient integration into breeding programs. Heat tolerance. We will validate QTL for heat tolerance identified in Ventnor, examine the effects of alien cytoplasm on heat tolerance and map tolerance in the cultivar Jefimija. Flood tolerance. Four synthetic lines for tolerance to flood conditions were identified by CIMMYT. We will elucidate the genetic basis of tolerance to flood conditions and incorporate flood tolerance into adapted materials. Genomic selection. We will use data and germplasm from within our program to develop models for genomic selection and use lines in the early stages of testing to evaluate the efficacy of genomic selection in wheat. Expected outputs include new, Kansas-adapted hard winter wheat varieties and associated Plant Variety Protection Act applications, enhanced germplasm for important traits for the wheat research community, publication of research results for the scientific community, wheat producer field days and students trained in applied plant breeding.

Project Methods
Breeding : A selected bulk method will be used to manage segregating populations. Individual plants will be selected as fixed lines in the F5 and undergo yield testing in subsequent seasons. The first year yield trial will be planted in an augmented design due to limited seed supply. Subsequent testing will be performed using an alpha lattice design at seven locations in second year yield testing, ten locations in third year yield testing and 17-20 locations in fourth and fifth year testing. Decisions on release will be made based on a minimum of five years of agronomic, disease and quality data. Validation of leaf/stripe rust resistance: QTL from Amadina for leaf and stripe rust resistance will be validated using near-isogenic lines for QTL in four backgrounds. These lines will, in turn, be tested under greenhouse conditions by inoculating the adult plants with races that are virulent on the recurrent parent and Amadina seedlings. Latent period and pustule number will be determined to allow for statistical analysis. Amadina derivatives that have developed in the breeding program will be phenotyped in the greenhouse using races that are virulent on seedlings of Amadina and submitted for high density genotyping allowing identification of segments derived from Amadina and examining their correlation to both field and greenhouse phenotypes. FHB and BYDV: Everest is moderately resistant to both diseases and, according to DNA marker analysis, does not contain Fhb1, Bdv1 or Bdv2. Two doubled haploid populations of at least 200 lines each will be used to map these traits. QTL analysis will be performed to identify markers associated with the traits. Heat tolerance: Near isogenic lines will be develop from five populations derived from Ventnor. These lines will then be evaluated for tolerance to heat in the growth chamber by growing the lines under both optimum and stress conditions. Chlorophyll and fluorescence measurements will be taken on the plants subjected to heat, as well as the control plants. The role of cytoplasm will be evaluated by testing nine alloplasmic lines of Ventnor, Jagger, Karl 92, Trego and TAM-107. Flood tolerance: Segregating materials derived from crosses with the four synthetics reported as flood tolerant will be submerged in tubs of water at the flag leaf stage. Plants demonstrating superior tolerance will be selected and lines will be derived at the F5 stage. These Lines will be tested under field conditions to provide verification of the trait. A superior line will be cross with Overley to create a doubled haploid population of at least 200 individuals for mapping. Genomic selection: Lines entered in the Advanced Yield Trials conducted within the program between 2001 and 2011 genotyped using genotype-by sequencing methodology. Existing data for yield, phenological traits and quality traits will be used to develop models for genomic selection.

Progress 07/01/11 to 06/30/16

Outputs
Target Audience:Target audiences include wheat producers, extension personnel and colleagues involves in wheat research at KSU and other institutions Changes/Problems:The research and education component has provided for changes in producer behavior by supporting adoption of improved wheat varieties. Research discoveries related to FHB resistance in Everest have resulted in new breeding approaches for improving FHB tolerance. The work on genomic selection has resulted in changes of breeding methodology to increase the efficiency of the breeding program. Examples include prediction of subsets of materials to reduce the amount of plots harvested, resulting in breeding efficiency. Research on genomic selection for quality has provided a framework for increasing efficient selection for bread baking quality that will increase the efficiency of the breeding program and provide varieties with superior quality traits to the wheat industry. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?The primary effort was graduate student training. Six graduate students were a part of the program at some point over the last five years. Numerous (>20) undergraduate students were exposed to a research environment during this time. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Research results were disseminated to the research community through publication and presentations at professional meetings. Communication to producer groups came in the form of direct presentations (>50) at field days and wheat schools. An average fo three radio interviews per year were also targeted to producer groups. The PI also provide input and data to support extension publications. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Four new varieties (1863, KanMark, Larry and Zenda) were released during the course of this project. FHB resistance from Everest was mapped in two separate populations. One (Art x Everest) was phenotyped in the greenhouse and the other (Everest x WB-Cedar) was phenotyped in the field. Publications for both studies are in preparation and markers are being converted into forms that are amenable to marker assisted breeding. Phenotyping of the Art x Everest population for response to barley yellow dwarf is continuing. Heat tolerance lines derived from Jefimija have been re-incorporated into the breeding program. Much of the screening effort transitioned to evaluating novel sources. A set to Triticum dicoccoides accession with heat tolerance is under continuing evaluation and have been used for germplasm development. Genomic selection has been implemented in the breeding program resulting and results have been published. Additional work included identification of Aegilops geniculata accessiosn with tolerance to drought, development of a greenhouse based drought screening protocol using soil moisture sensors in a strucutre that allows access to root tissue. Seven T. dicoccoides accessions with tolerance/resistance to wheat streak mosaic equivalent to, or better than, Wsm2 were identified. More than 50 presentations were made to mad eto whea tproducer groups throughout the project. Ph.D. students trained found employment in academia and industry.

Publications

• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Lin, Meng, DD Zhang, SB Liu, GR Zhang, JM Yu, AK Fritz and GH Bai, 2016. Genome-wide association analysis on pre-harvest sprouting resistance and grain color in U.S. winter wheat. BMC Genomics 17:794.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Zhang, G.R., T.J. martin, A.K. Fritz, R. Miller M.S. Chen, R.L. Bowden and G.H. Bai. 2016. Registration of 'Joe' hard white winter wheat. J. Plant.Reg. 10:283-286.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Battenfield, S.D., C. Guzman, R.C. Gaynor, R.P. Singh, R.J. Pena, S. Dreisigacker, A.K. Fritz and J.A. Poland. 2016. Genomic selection for processing and end-use quality traits in the CIMMYT spring bread wheat breeding program. Plant Genome 9:unpaginated.

Progress 10/01/14 to 09/30/15

Outputs
Target Audience:The target audiences would include primarily include wheat producers through field day presentations and other communication activities and also other researchers through publication and other scientific communication. Changes/Problems:There are no major changes. The biggest modifications are in approaches to implementation of genomic selection in the breeding program as a result of knowledge gained. We will divide preliminary lines by pedigree, testing approximately one half of the lines in an environment and use models to predict the other half. This will make the program more efficient. We anticipate this change for the Fall of 2016. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?The project is the home to five graduate students, including a Monsanto Beachell-Borlaug scholar. The students attended professional conferences including the Annual Meetings of the US Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative and the Plant and Animal Genome meetings. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results have been disseminated through publication, presentation of posters and abstracts at professional meetings and through producer field days. Presentations were made at seven producer events in 2015, with a total audience in excess of 400 people. Training was also provided to Extension agents to facilitate broader dissemination. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?The primary focus is development of new varieties, which in an ongoing effort. Theis effort will be maintained. Implementation of GS will move to greater integration in the breeding program through implementing selection schemes that reduce field plot numbers without compromising data collection and initiation of rapid breeding methods implementing GS and doubled haploids. Evaluation of Aegilops geniculata accessions for tolerance to drought will be completed and an evaluation of a set of Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides accessions for tolerance to high temperature stress will be initiated. Mapping of FHB resistance from Everest should largely be completed and characterization of potential new sources of resistance to wheat streak mosaic virus will be pursued. An initial screening of Aegilops geniculata accessions for resistance to barley yellow dwarf mosaic will also be carried out.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Two experimental lines of wheat were proposed for increase for potential release in 2016. KS060106M-11 (tentatively named 'Zenda') is derived from Everest and combines the FHB resistance of Everest with better quality and resistance to stripe rust. KS060143K-2 (tentatively names 'Larry') is adapted across a broad swath of Great Plains and has excellent resistance to stripe rust, is intermediate in its response to FHB and has good drought tolerance. Genomic selection has been implemented in the program with good results. GS has performed as well, or better, than conventional phenotypic selection for yield. Excellent results were obtained in predicting quality phenotypes in the CIMMYT wheat program, which is a positive development toward implementation in the Kansas program. Heat tolerant lines derived from 'Jefimija' were cycled back in to the breeding program. Progress was made toward mapping of FHB resistance in Everest with completion of two greenhouse screening tests of an Everest x Art population and field screening of an Everest x Cedar population. Preliminary QTL maps hav ebeen made. Germplasm development efforts were focused on the use of Aegilops tauschii, Aegilops geniculata and Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides. Amphiploids were created between wheat and 22 accessions of Aegilops tauschii and 2 accessions of Aegilops geniculata. The wheat-Ae. tauschii amphiploids were crossed with T. dicoccoides. Seed was obtained from crosses with 27 T. dicoccoides accessions. The primary goal of this work is the development of improved tolerance to abiotic stress, though disease resistances will almost certainly be transferred.

Publications

• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Talukder, S. K. ; Prasad, P. V. V. ; Todd, T. ; Babar, M. A. ; Poland, J. ; Bowden, R. ; Fritz, A. 2015. Effect of cytoplasmic diversity on post anthesis heat tolerance in wheat. Euphytica 204-383-394.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Accepted Year Published: 2015 Citation: Harrison, N. R. ; Fritz, A. K. ; Glasscock, J. I. ; Ahmed, S. ; Messina, D. N. ; Amand, P. S. ; Fellers, J. P. . 2015. Using RNA sequencing and in silico subtraction to identify resistance gene analog markers for Lr16 in wheat. Plant Genome 8:unpaginated.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Zhang, G. R. ; Martin, T. J. ; Fritz, A. K. ; Miller, R. ; Chen, M. S. ; Bowden, R. L. ; Johnson, J. J. 2015. Registration of Oakley CL wheat. Journal of Plant Registrations 9:190-195.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Narayanan, S. ; Prasad, P. V. V. ; Fritz, A. K. ; Boyle, D. L. ; Gill, B. S. 2015. Impact of high night-time and high daytime temperature stress on winter wheat. J of Agron and Crop Sci. 201:206-218.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Liu, ZhaoHu.; El-Basyoni, I. ; Kariyawasam, G. ; Zhang GuoRong ; Fritz, A. ; Hansen, J. ; Marais, F. ; Friskop, A. ; Chao ShiaoMan ; Akhunov, E. ; Baenziger, P. S. 2015. Evaluation and association mapping of resistance to tan spot and Stagonospora nodorum blotch in adapted winter wheat germplasm. Plant Disease 99:1333-1341.

Progress 10/01/13 to 09/30/14

Outputs
Target Audience: Other wheat researchers, wheat producers Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? The project currently houses six graduate students. Four of the students are working toward Ph.D.s while two are working toward M.S. degrees. One student is a Monsanto Beachell-Borlaug International Scholar and has attended the World Food Prize event, as well as two professional conferences. Two other students attended professional conferences. Two Assistant Scientists on the project attended the American Seed Trade Association meetings. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Results have been disseminated through publication, presentation of posters and abstracts at professional meetings and through producer field days. Presentations were made at six producer events in 2013, with a total audience in excess of 300 people. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? We have made consistent progress toward the stated goals. We will continue to pursue the ongoing projects. The breeding program will follow the protocols that have served us well over time and supporting research will be carried out primarily through graduate student research. Funding for the project is strong and includes public, private and wheat producer support. Primary objectives for 2014 include assessment of lines derived from heat tolerant parents and, if appropriate, use of those lines for breeding and as recurrent parents for the transgenic starch synthase. We will also collaborate with Jesse Poland to map phenotype a population derived from Jefimija for heat tolerance. A prelimary QTL map of FHB tolerance from Everest and Art will be generated. Materials carrying Lr34 and Lr67 will be evaluated under field conditions. A project to map BYDV resistance from Everest will be initiated using the existing Art/Everest population. Genomic selection projects will be continued and refined. We anticipate the release of at least one variety in 2014 and will likely put at least two more lines on increase for potential release in 2015 or 2016.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Two experimental lines of wheat are on increase for potential release in 2014. KS061406-LN~37 is a hard red winter wheat with excellent yield potential in central Kansas and is resistance to prevalent races of leaf, stem and stripe rusts. 'Everest' compises 25% of the pedigree and some, but not all, of the tolerances to barley yellow dwarf virus and Fusarium head blight are expressed in the line. KS030887K-6 is a hard red winter wheat with excellent yield potential. It has performed well across the entire state but its short stature may limit its utility in western Kansas dryland conditions. It has excellent milling and baking quality and is resistant to prevalent races of leaf, stem and stripe rusts. One of the parents of this line is a CIMMYT spring wheat that carries race non-specific resistance to leaf and stripe rust. KS030887K-6 carries the markers for Lr46 but the rest of its resistance package is unknown. Several new lines emerging in the program carry race non-specific resistance and almost all crosses are made with at least one non race-specific parent. The impact of this effort is that we are having to focus less on identification and incorporation of new genes for leaf rust and are better able to focus on additional objectives. A doubled haploid population of the cross Art/Everest was phenotyped in the greenhouse. Both parents are intermediate to moderately resistant to Fusarium head blight. The data will be used for QTL analysis. A preliminary evaluation of the data indicates that the resistance in each of the lines is conditioned by different gene(s). A set of 35 lines of wheat that are derived from heat tolerant parents were selected for advancement in 2013. They will be further evaluated and tolerance lines will be used in a doubled haploid program to rapidly produce heat tolerance cultivars. A provision patent was filed on a transgenic approach to heat tolerance. Experiments showed that the expression of a soluble starch synthase gene from rice significantly increased the yield of wheat under heat stress. Additional testing is underway and, since the original construct was in a 'Bobwhite" background that does not retain green leaves under heat stress, the gene is being moved in to cutlivars that do retain green leaf area to see if the effect is enhanced in these backgrounds. In addition, a set of roughly 200 accession of Aegilops geniculata were screened for tolerance to heat. More tolerant accessions will be used as targets for germplasm enhancement. Genomic selection projects for yield in Kansas and grain quality in the CIMMYT program were advanced in 2013. The model for grain quality traits was quite predictive and should allow the prediction of quality without the labor and expense of extensive laboratory analysis. Yield results were less encouraging but there are many refinements that need to be made and additional data that needs to be incorporated into the prediction model. A "breeder versus GS model" is planted in the field for 2014 to determine the efficacy for GS for yield at this point in time. Also, one Ph.D. student complete his degree in 2013 and is currently employed at the Noble Foundation in Ardmore, OK.

Publications

• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2013 Citation: Martin, T. J., G.R. Zhang, A.K. Fritz, R. Miller and M.S. Chen. 2013. Registration of 'Tiger' wheat. Journal of Plant Registrations 7:201-204.

Progress 01/01/13 to 09/30/13

Outputs
Target Audience: Other wheat researchers, wheat producers Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? The project currently houses six graduate students. Four of the students are working toward Ph.D.s while two are working toward M.S. degrees. One student is a Monsanto Beachell-Borlaug International Scholar and has attended the World Food Prize event, as well as two professional conferences. Two other students attended professional conferences. Two Assistant Scientists on the project attended the American Seed Trade Association meetings. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Results have been disseminated through publication, presentation of posters and abstracts at professional meetings and through producer field days. Presentations were made at six producer events in 2013, with a total audience in excess of 300 people. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? We have made consistent progress toward the stated goals. We will continue to pursue the ongoing projects. The breeding program will follow the protocols that have served us well over time and supporting research will be carried out primarily through graduate student research. Funding for the project is strong and includes public, private and wheat producer support. Primary objectives for 2014 include assessment of lines derived from heat tolerant parents and, if appropriate, use of those lines for breeding and as recurrent parents for the transgenic starch synthase. We will also collaborate with Jesse Poland to map phenotype a population derived from Jefimija for heat tolerance. A prelimary QTL map of FHB tolerance from Everest and Art will be generated. Materials carrying Lr34 and Lr67 will be evaluated under field conditions. A project to map BYDV resistance from Everest will be initiated using the existing Art/Everest population. Genomic selection projects will be continued and refined. We anticipate the release of at least one variety in 2014 and will likely put at least two more lines on increase for potential release in 2015 or 2016.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Two experimental lines of wheat are on increase for potential release in 2014. KS061406-LN~37 is a hard red winter wheat with excellent yield potential in central Kansas and is resistance to prevalent races of leaf, stem and stripe rusts. ‘Everest’ compises 25% of the pedigree and some, but not all, of the tolerances to barley yellow dwarf virus and Fusarium head blight are expressed in the line. KS030887K-6 is a hard red winter wheat with excellent yield potential. It has performed well across the entire state but its short stature may limit its utility in western Kansas dryland conditions. It has excellent milling and baking quality and is resistant to prevalent races of leaf, stem and stripe rusts. One of the parents of this line is a CIMMYT spring wheat that carries race non-specific resistance to leaf and stripe rust. KS030887K-6 carries the markers for Lr46 but the rest of its resistance package is unknown. Several new lines emerging in the program carry race non-specific resistance and almost all crosses are made with at least one non race-specific parent. The impact of this effort is that we are having to focus less on identification and incorporation of new genes for leaf rust and are better able to focus on additional objectives. A doubled haploid population of the cross Art/Everest was phenotyped in the greenhouse. Both parents are intermediate to moderately resistant to Fusarium head blight. The data will be used for QTL analysis. A preliminary evaluation of the data indicates that the resistance in each of the lines is conditioned by different gene(s). A set of 35 lines of wheat that are derived from heat tolerant parents were selected for advancement in 2013. They will be further evaluated and tolerance lines will be used in a doubled haploid program to rapidly produce heat tolerance cultivars. A provision patent was filed on a transgenic approach to heat tolerance. Experiments showed that the expression of a soluble starch synthase gene from rice significantly increased the yield of wheat under heat stress. Additional testing is underway and, since the original construct was in a ‘Bobwhite” background that does not retain green leaves under heat stress, the gene is being moved in to cutlivars that do retain green leaf area to see if the effect is enhanced in these backgrounds. In addition, a set of roughly 200 accession of Aegilops geniculata were screened for tolerance to heat. More tolerant accessions will be used as targets for germplasm enhancement. Genomic selection projects for yield in Kansas and grain quality in the CIMMYT program were advanced in 2013. The model for grain quality traits was quite predictive and should allow the prediction of quality without the labor and expense of extensive laboratory analysis. Yield results were less encouraging but there are many refinements that need to be made and additional data that needs to be incorporated into the prediction model. A “breeder versus GS model” is planted in the field for 2014 to determine the efficacy for GS for yield at this point in time. Also, one Ph.D. student complete his degree in 2013 and is currently employed at the Noble Foundation in Ardmore, OK.

Publications

• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2013 Citation: Martin, T. J., G.R. Zhang, A.K. Fritz, R. Miller and M.S. Chen. 2013. Registration of 'Tiger' wheat. Journal of Plant Registrations 7:201-204.

Progress 01/01/12 to 12/31/12

Outputs
OUTPUTS: Experiments at 9 locations across Kansas were conducted and analyzed in support of the breeding program. Data were/will be used for the K-State variety release committee to make decisions regarding release of future K-State varieties. Additional experiments on heat tolerance, genomic selection for yield, genomic selection for quality and high throughput phenotyping were conducted and analyzed as well. Information was disseminated through posters at professional meetings. Four graduate and three undergraduate students were mentored during this time frame. Oral presentations were made at six producer field days in 2012. Presentations were primarily on wheat varieties available to producers and the characteristics of those varieties. A new hard red winter wheat varieties was released and named '1863'. A variety information sheet was prepared and shared with seedsmen who are members of the Kansas Wheat Alliance. Those seedsmen who chose to carry '1863' were allotted seed from Kansas Foundation Seed Service to initiate production of seed that will be for sale in the Fall of 2013. PARTICIPANTS: Allan Fritz, PI--Project management and direction Andrew Auld, Assistant Scientist; Kim Suther, Assistant Scientist; Shaun Winnie, Assistant Scientist--All provided scientific support for execution of the research including lab, field and greenhouse experiments and data management Shyamal Taluker, graduate student; Chris Gaynor, graduate student; Sarah Battenfield, graduate student; Andrew Green, graduate student--All assisted with various aspects of the breeding program including planting, harvest, note taking and crossing Keely Kiefer, student worker; Adam Krizek, student worker; Marshall Clinesmith, student worker--Provided support for various aspects of the breeding program Jesse Poland (USDA-ARS)--Collaborator on high throughput phenotyping and genomic selection Robert Bowden (USDA-ARS)--Collaboration on rust screening Ming-Shun Chen (USDA-ARS)--Collaborator on Hessian fly screening William Bockus (K-State)--Collaborator on disease screening including FHB Erick DeWolf (K-State) Collaborator on fungicide response studies T. J. Martin and Guorong Zhang (KAES WK-ARCH)--Collaboration on testing of experimental materials TARGET AUDIENCES: Producers who may adopt the varieties released from this program and who rely on our program for information. Primary methods of communication include radio interviews, field day presentations, interaction with KAWG and Kansas Wheat Commission, extension publications such as variety performance test results and disease and insect ratings and speaking at various meetings such as the Kansas Crop Improvement Association. Other wheat scientists who work in related areas of wheat research. Primary means of communication is through publication and presentation of results at scientific meetings. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.

Impacts
Everest, a 2009 release from the breeding program, was the second leading variety in the state in 2012 and was the leading variety in central and eastern Kansas. Producers were made aware of Everest's attributes by field day presentations and extension publications. Everest has become an important variety in Kansas because of its traits such as Fusarium head blight and resistance to barley yellow dwarf virus that increase productivity and limit risk for Kansas wheat producers. Data we developed in collaboration with Dr. Erick DeWolf was used to educate producers regarding the benefits of fungicide application and identification of conditions when such an application is warranted.

Publications

• Pradhan, Gautum P., P.V.V. Prasad, A. K. Fritz, M.B. Kirkham and B.S. Gill. 2012. High temperature tolerance in Aegilops spe cies and its potential transfer to wheat. Crop Sci. 52:292-304.
• Rudd, Jackie C., Ravindra N. Devkota, Allan K. Fritz, Jason A. Baker, Don E. Obert, David Worrall, Russell Sutton, Lloyd W. Rooney, Lloyd R. Nelson, Yiqun Weng, Gaylon D. Morgan, Brent Bean, Amir M. Ibrahim, Arthur R. Klatt, Robert L. Bowden, Robert A. Graybosch, Yue Jin, and Brad W. Seabourn. 2012. Registration of 'TAM 401' wheat. J. Plant Reg. 6:60-65.
• Martin, Terry J., Guorong Zhang, Allan K. Fritz, Rebecca Miller, and Ming-Shun Chen. 2012. Registration of 'Tiger' wheat. J. Plant Reg. (in press)
• Poland, Jesse, Jeffrey Endelman, Julie C. Dawson, Jessica Rutkoski, Shuangye Wu, Yann Manes, Jose Crossa, Susanne Dreisigacker, Hector Sanchez, Allan Fritz, Kevin Price, Randy Price, Mark E. Sorrells and Jean-Luc Jannink. 2012. Accelerating Wheat Breeding with Next-Generation Sequencing and High-Throughput Phenotyping. ASA-CSSA-SSSA Abstracts, Cincinnati, OH (94-3)
• Poland, Jesse, Jeffrey Endelma, Trevor Rife, Susanne Dreisigacker, Jessica Rutkoski, David Bonnett, Scott Haley, Stephen Baenziger, Allan Fritz, Jarislav von Zitzewitz, Mark E. Sorrells and Jean-Luc Jannink. 2012. Understanding and Utilizing Genetic Diversity in Wheat Breeding. ASA-CSSA-SSSA Abstracts, Cincinnati, OH (375-4).
• Talukder, Shyamal S., MD Babar, Kolluru Vijayalakshmi, Jesse Poland and Allan Fritz. 2012. Studying Post Anthesis Heat Tolerance in Wheat and Mapping QTLs for Related Traits. ASA-CSSA-SSSA Abstracts, Cincinnati, OH (373-12).
• Talukder, Shyamal S., Adedayo Adeyanju, Jesse Poland, P.V. Vara Prasad and Allan Fritz. 2012. Cytoplasmic Effect of Wheat for High Temperature Tolerance. ASA-CSSA-SSSA Abstracts, Cincinnati, OH (95-19).

Progress 01/01/11 to 12/31/11

Outputs
OUTPUTS: Field experiments were conducted at eight locations in Kansas under this project. Much of the data were used to facilitate development of new varieties of wheat. Data from three locations were reported by the Variety Testing Program through their website and publication in the High Plains Journal. Extension demonstration strips at two locations were also harvested and data provided to County Extension Agents for distribution to wheat producers. Seven field day presentations were delivered throughout central Kansas. The presentations were focused on attributes of varieties and new research being conducted. A regional wheat workers field day was also held and attracted approximately 80 wheat researchers from the hard winter wheat region. The field day served as an opportunity for exchange of data, discussions regarding continued interstate collaboration, and discussion of critical issues facing the wheat industry. We also filed for and received Plant Variety Protection certificate on 'Everest' wheat. PARTICIPANTS: Allan Fritz (PI) coordinates and leads the project. Andrew Auld, Kim Suther and Robert Steele are Research Scientists on the project who help coordinate and conduct experiments, analyze data and communicate with the public. Adam Krizek, Keely Kiefer and Danielle Hill are undergraduate students who provided labor on this project. TARGET AUDIENCES: The primary target audiences for this project are Kansas wheat producers and member of the wheat industry including the milling and baking industries PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.

Impacts
The primary product of the this research is new wheat varieties. Fuller, a 2006 release, was the second leading variety in Kansas in 2011 and the fourth leading variety in 2012. Everest, a 2009 release, was the fifteenth most popular wheat variety in 2011 and second most planted variety for the 2012 growing season. Everest has a unique set of traits including moderate resistance to barley yellow dwarf virus and Fusarium head blight. Both diseases can cause significant yield loss and there are few varieties that provide resistance. Fusarium head blight also results in the accumulation of mycotoxins in the grain.The rapid adoption of Everest by producers is an indication of the economic value of this combination of traits. Additional benefit is expected to accrue to the milling and baking industry through the reduction of mycotoxins in wheat grain grown in central and eastern Kansas

Publications

• Alexander, Lauren M., Francis M. Kirigwi, Allan K. Fritz and John P. Fellers. 2012. Mapping and Quantitative trait loci analysis of drought tolerance in a spring wheat population using amplified fragment length polymorphism and diversity array technology markers. Crop Science 52:253-261.
• Pradhan, Gautum P., P.V.V. Prasad, A. K. Fritz, M.B. Kirkham and B.S. Gill. 2012. High temperature tolerance in Aegilops species and its potential transfer to wheat. Crop Sci. 52:292-304.
• Pradhan, Gautum P., P.V.V. Prasad, A. K. Fritz, M.B. Kirkham and B.S. Gill. 2012. Response of Aegilops species to drought stress during reproductive stages of development. Functional Plant Biol. 39:51-59.
• Bockus, W. W., De Wolf, E. D., Gill, B. S., Jardine, D. J., Stack, J. P., Bowden, R. L., Fritz, A. K., and Martin, T. J. 2011. Historical durability of resistance to wheat diseases in Kansas. Online. Plant Health Progress doi:10.1094/PHP-2011-0802-01-RV.
• Bockus, W.W., M.A. Davis, A.K. Fritz, T.J. Martin. 2011. Reaction of the 2010 Kansas Intrastate Nursery to Fusarium head blight. Plant Disease Management Reports. Report No.5:CF010.