WEB-BASED EVAPOTRANSPIRATION, BIOMASS, AND AIR QUALITY REMOTE-SENSING TOOL

• Sponsoring Institution: National Institute of Food and Agriculture
• Project Status: COMPLETE
• Funding Source: EVANS-ALLEN
• Reporting Frequency: Annual
• Accession No.: 0224751
• Project Start Date: Jan 1, 2011
• Project End Date: Sep 30, 2013
• Program Code: [(N/A)]- (N/A)

Recipient Organization
TENNESSEE STATE UNIVERSITY
3500 JOHN A. MERRITT BLVD
NASHVILLE,TN 37209

Performing Department
Agricultural and Environmental Sciences

Non Technical Summary
Evapotranspiration and biomass growth are two key parameters for the dynamic management of forests, phreatophytes, rangelands, crops, invasive pests, and inter-state international water delivery. For air quality, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has set limits for two particulate matters (PM) parameters: PM2.5 (PM diameter smaller than or equal to 2.5 um) and PM10 (PM diameter smaller than or equal to 10 um). However, spatial and timely parameters (ET, biomass growth, and PM) cannot be obtained accurately by traditional ground point measurements. Remote sensing can accurately map spatial information. However, the downloading of satellite and weather data for remote sensing models and then processing the data is complicated and time consuming for a common user. The objective of the proposed project is to create a user-friendly remote-sensing online tool that can produce daily maps of ET, biomass growth, PM 2.5 and PM10 with a 1km resolution for Tennessee and other states. An online remote-sensing model will be developed and validated to automatically download and process satellite and weather data covering the whole US. The input and output interfaces will be shown on the GoogleEarth maps, i.e., the user just inputs the dates and locations of interest and the model will generate the results (map and ACSII data file) for the user. The accuracy of the tool will be evaluated using measured data from different locations in the US. Once completed, this online tool could be used by natural resources managers, farmers, researchers, and the general public to provide plant water use, biomass growth and air quality information. In addition, this Internet tool will record the number and type of users.

Animal Health Component

(N/A)

Research Effort Categories

Basic

(N/A)

Applied

(N/A)

Developmental

(N/A)

Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)	Subject of Investigation (SOI)	Field of Science (FOS)	Percent
111	0210	1070	10%
111	0210	2070	20%
111	0499	1070	10%
111	0499	2070	10%
133	0210	1070	10%
133	0210	2070	10%
133	0499	1070	10%
133	0499	2070	20%

Knowledge Area
133 - Pollution Prevention and Mitigation; 111 - Conservation and Efficient Use of Water;

Subject Of Investigation
0210 - Water resources; 0499 - Atmosphere, general/other;

Field Of Science
2070 - Meteorology and climatology; 1070 - Ecology;

Keywords

online tool

remote sensing

evapotranspiration

pm10

pm2.5

biomass

weather

Goals / Objectives
The overall objective of the proposed project is to create a user-friendly remote-sensing online tool that can produce daily maps of ET, biomass growth, PM 2.5 and PM10 with a 1km resolution for Tennessee (TN) and other states. Specific objectives are: 1. Develop a computer program to download weather data for TN and other states from National Weather Services, 2 Develop a program to download MODIS satellite data for TN and other states, 3 Develop algorithm to calculate daily ET, biomass growth, and PM2.5 and PM 10 for TN and other states, 4 Collect data for calibrating and validating the data in objectives 1-3. About 5-6 journal papers and 5-6 conference proceedings papers will be published. Subject matter of curricula: A Course (Remote Sensing) will be developed. Other output: User-friendly Internet tools for ET, Biomass and Air Quality will be developed.

Project Methods
The PI developed and validated a Remote Sensing ET Model for ASTER satellite data(Wang et al., 2009). Although ASTER data has a high resolution of 90 m, ASTER data is for research purpose and is not operational because it is available only every 16 days at certain locations and in most of the cases, one cannot get any data at a location of interest. The proposed project will extend this model to MODIS satellite data. MODIS data has a resolution of 1 km with a daily coverage. In addition, the proposed project will map the biomass using the PI's research results published in Andallas et al. (2006). In formation in Andallas et al. (2006) is related the ET value and crop coefficient to biomass production. The two particulate matters (PM2.5 and PM10) will also be mapped using the algorithm described in Hu and Qu (2007) publication. The hourly weather data from the National Weather Service and the satellite data of land surface temperature (MOD11-L2), geo-correction MOD03 data, and raw MOD021km data will be automatically downloaded by a script program. Upon a user request on a GoogleEarth interface on the Internet, desired results will be automatically processed and provided on a GoogleEarth interface and an ASCII file will also be provided. Experiments: Ground measurements of CO2 (biomass growth), ET, and air quality will be conducted at different locations in TN, NM, and CA. These data will be used to calibrate and validate the model. Eddy-covariance technology will be used to measure the parameters based on methods developed by the PI (Wang et al., 2007). The progress will be evaluated before, during, and after the project. Government agencies, researchers, farmers, and students will be taught and evaluate this tool. The usage statistics of the tool, and feedback will be obtained from our Internet statistics and Comments board.

Progress 01/01/11 to 09/30/13

Outputs
OUTPUTS: An online tool has been set up and evaluated for estimating evapotranspiration. It is accessible for everyone(http://rs.tnstate.edu/rset/). It has been disseminated to governmental agencies, researchers, farmers, and students. A remote sensing model for air quality mapping has been developed also. PARTICIPANTS: PD: Wang, Junming Collaborator: Dr. Ted Sammis, New Mexico State University, [e-mail] Student:Swetha Lenkala TARGET AUDIENCES: The follows describe the outcomes /impacts from the project: 1.Changed the knowledge of stakeholders: One new plant water-use online tool has been developed. The stakeholders have learned the internet tool, the related instrument operations, and plant water use and air quality measurement methods. 2.Changed the actions of stakeholders: The stakeholders are trying to use the internet tool, and the measurement methods to measure and schedule crop water use. 3. Changed the condition of stakeholders: The condition of the stakeholders will be changed (water saving and lowering fertilizer leaching) after they schedule water use using the internet tool. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: The investigator has left the university and we do not have a replacement on staff with the expertise to continue this project.

Impacts
The follows describe the outcomes /impacts from the project: 1.Changed the knowledge of stakeholders: One new plant water-use online tool has been developed. The stakeholders have learned the internet tool, the related instrument operations, and plant water use measurement methods. 2.Changed the actions of stakeholders: The stakeholders are trying to use the internet tool, and the measurement methods to measure and schedule crop water use. 3. Changed the condition of stakeholders: The condition of the stakeholders will be changed (water saving and lowering fertilizer leaching) after they schedule water use using the internet tool.

Publications

• Wang, J.T., Sammis, W. and Funk, M. 2011. Web-based Remote Sensing Evapotranspiration Tool. Presented at the 19th Conference on Applied Climatology, Practical Solutions for a Warming World: AMS Conference on Climate Adaptation,18 20 July 2011, Asheville, North Carolina. Paper 5b.3.
• Wang, J.T., Sammis,W. and Miller, D.R. 2011. Mapping Atmospheric Particulate Matter and Toxics Concentrations and Health Risks Using 1 Km Satellite Data. ASA-CSSA SSSA International Annual Meetings. Oct. 16-19. San Antonio, TX. 288-14.
• Wang J. and Sammis, T.W. 2011. Irrigation Management for Pecan Trees. XII Symposium of International Pecan Conference. Hotel San Angel (Salon Partenon) Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico. September 29 30, 2011.
• Sammis, T. W., Sharma,P., Shukla, M.K., Wang, J. and Miller, D.R. 2011. A water balance trickle irrigation scheduling model. 2011 ASABE Annual Meeting. Gault House, Louisville, Kentucky, August 7 10, 2011, Paper Number: 1110933.
• Wang, J., Miller, D.R., Sammis, T.W., Hiscox, A.L., Yang, W., Holmen, B.A. and Dennis, S.O. 2011. Simulate Regional PM10 Dispersion from Agricultural Tilling Operations Using Hysplit4. ASABE Transaction. Accepted.
• Sammis T.W., Wang, J. and Miller, D.R. 2011. The Transition of the Blaney-Criddle formula to the Penman-Monteith equation in the Western United States. Journal of Service Climatology. 5 (1): 1-11.

Progress 01/01/11 to 12/31/11

Outputs
OUTPUTS: Online tools have been set up and evaluated for estimating evapotranspiration and air quality respectively. They are accessible for everyone.(http://rs.tnstate.edu/rset/). The products have been disseminated to governmental agencies, researchers, farmers, and students. PARTICIPANTS: Junming Wang TARGET AUDIENCES: governmental agencies, researchers, farmers PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.

Impacts
The follows describe the outcomes /impacts from the project: 1.Changed the knowledge of stakeholders: One new plant water-use online tool and one air quality tool have been developed respectively. The stakeholders have learnt the internet tool, the related instrument operations, and plant water use and air quality measurement methods. 2.Changed the actions of stakeholders: The stakeholders are trying to use the internet tool, and the measurement methods to measure and schedule crop water use. 3. Changed the condition of stakeholders: The condition of the stakeholders will be changed (water saving and lowering fertilizer leaching) after they schedule water use using the internet tool.

Publications

• Publications/Presentations: Wang, J., Miller, D.R., Sammis, T.W., Hiscox, A.L., Yang, W., Holmen, B.A. and Dennis, S.O. 2011. Simulate Regional PM10 Dispersion from Agricultural Tilling Operations Using Hysplit4. ASABE Transaction. Accepted.
• Sammis T.W., Wang, J. and Miller, D.R. 2011. The Transition of the Blaney-Criddle formula to the Penman-Monteith equation in the Western United States. Journal of Service Climatology. 5 (1): 1-11.
• Wang J. and Sammis, T.W. 2011. Irrigation Management for Pecan Trees. XII Symposium of International Pecan Conference. Hotel San Angel (Salon Partenon) Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico. September 29 30, 2011.
• Sammis, T. W., Sharma,P., Shukla, M.K., Wang, J. and Miller, D.R. 2011. A water balance trickle irrigation scheduling model. 2011 ASABE Annual Meeting. Gault House, Louisville, Kentucky, August 7 10, 2011, Paper Number: 1110933.
• Wang, J.T., Sammis, W. and Funk, M. 2011. Web-based Remote Sensing Evapotranspiration Tool. Presented at the 19th Conference on Applied Climatology, Practical Solutions for a Warming World: AMS Conference on Climate Adaptation,18 20 July 2011, Asheville, North Carolina. Paper 5b.3.
• Wang, J.T., Sammis,W. and Miller, D.R. 2011. Mapping Atmospheric Particulate Matter and Toxics Concentrations and Health Risks Using 1 Km Satellite Data. ASA-CSSA_SSSA International ANnual Meetings. Oct. 16-19. San Antonio, TX. 288-14.