Source: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS submitted to NRP
A BMP-MEDIATED PATHWAY OF CHRONDOCYTE BIOSYNTHETIC SUPPRESSION BY CORTICOSTEROIDS
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
COMPLETE
Funding Source
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
0224321
Grant No.
(N/A)
Cumulative Award Amt.
(N/A)
Proposal No.
(N/A)
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Project Start Date
Oct 1, 2010
Project End Date
Sep 30, 2012
Grant Year
(N/A)
Program Code
[(N/A)]- (N/A)
Recipient Organization
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS
2001 S. Lincoln Ave.
URBANA,IL 61801
Performing Department
Veterinary Research & Extension
Non Technical Summary
Intra-articular corticosteroid (CS) administration is a major therapeutic strategy to control clinical signs resulting from arthritis in performance horses. The significant therapeutic effects of CS administration on the clinical signs of arthritis are not without cost. CSs are immuno-suppressive and also suppress biosynthetic activities of many cell types, including articular chondrocytes. This suppressive activity on chondrocyte matrix synthetic activity is believed to contribute to the phenomenon of steroid arthropathy, in concert with the direct damage generated through inappropriate use of compromised joints. The proposed research will investigate the role of bone morphogenetic proteins and transforming growth factor-bs on the means by which CS administration compromises cartilage matrix synthesis. Both BMPs and TGF-bs are known to be vital for the maintenance of healthy articular cartilage. The hypothesis addressed by this research project is that corticosteroid-induced suppression of articular chondrocyte matrix synthesis is a consequence of reduced BMP ligand expression and activity. This hypothesis will be addressed through three experimental Aims. Experiments in Aim 1 will assess the effects of CS administration on expression of known chondro-anabolic TGF-b and BMP ligands, their cognate receptors and inhibitors, using QPCR and Elisa assays. The overall goal of this Aim is to generate a comprehensive map of the impact CSs exert on TGF-b and BMP signaling factors in articular chondrocytes. We expect that CSs will suppress expression of BMP-2 and TGF-b1, at least, and might also have negative influences on the receptors for these ligands. The experiments in Aim 2 will determine whether intra-articular corticosteroid administration in vivo influences BMP concentrations in synovial fluid, using ELISa assays and resonses of BMP and TGF-b reporter cell lines. The experiments in this Aim will clarify the clinical significance of suppressed BMP/TGF-b secretion in horses following intra-articular corticosteroid administration. We expect that CS injections will redice synovial BMP and TGF-b levels. Experiments in Aim 3 will determine whether exogenous BMP ligand administration antagonizes the negative effects of corticosteroids on articular chondrocyte activities. These experiments will clarify whether BMP supplementation can prevent the negative bio-synthetic effects of CS administration on articular chondrocytes.
Animal Health Component
(N/A)
Research Effort Categories
Basic
(N/A)
Applied
(N/A)
Developmental
(N/A)
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
3053810103040%
3053810116030%
3053810118030%
Goals / Objectives
Intra-articular corticosteroid (CS) administration is a major therapeutic strategy to control clinical signs resulting from arthritis. CSs classically exert their anti-inflammatory effects by blocking phospholipase A activity, reducing the conversion of cell wall phospholipids to active inflammatory mediators. It is well recognized, however, that CSs influence cell activities through a number of signaling mechanisms, notably the MAPK, NFkB and STAT signaling pathways. The significant therapeutic effects of CS administration on joint inflammation are not without cost. CSs are immuno-suppressive and also suppress biosynthetic activities of many cell types, including articular chondrocytes. This suppressive activity on chondrocyte matrix synthetic activity is believed to contribute to the phenomenon of steroid arthropathy, in concert with the direct damage generated through inappropriate use of compromised joints. The proposed research is focused on determining the mechanism by which CS administration suppresses cartilage matrix synthesis, and focuses on the BMP signaling pathways. Both these pathways are known to be vital for the maintenance of healthy articular cartilage. This focus is derived from preliminary data demonstrating that CS profoundly down-regulates expression of both BMP-2 and TGF-b1 by articular chondrocytes, along with matrix gene suppression. The hypothesis addressed by this research project is that corticosteroid-induced suppression of articular chondrocyte matrix synthesis is a consequence of reduced BMP ligand expression and activity. This hypothesis will be addressed through three experimental Aims. Experiments in Aim 1 will assess the effects of CS administration on expression of known chondro-anabolic TGF-b and BMP ligands, their cognate receptors and inhibitors. The overall goal of this Aim is to generate a comprehensive map of the impact CSs exert on TGF-b and BMP signaling factors in articular chondrocytes. The experiments in Aim 2 will determine whether intra-articular corticosteroid administration in vivo influences BMP concentrations in synovial fluid. The experiments in this Aim will clarify the clinical significance of suppressed BMP ligand secretion in horses following intra-articular corticosteroid administration. Experiments in Aim 3 will determine whether exogenous BMP ligand administration antagonizes the suppressive effects of corticosteroids on articular chondrocyte matrix synthesis in vitro. The experiments in this Aim will clarify whether corticosteroid-mediated suppression of articular chondrocyte biosynthetic activities can be prevented or mitigated by BMP ligand supplementation.
Project Methods
The experiments in Aim 1 will be carried out with an in vitro aggregate culture model, using equine articular chondrocytes. The effects of corticosteroid administration on the expression of BMP and TGFb ligands, receptors and inhibitors will be assessed by quantitative PCR and by BMP-2 and TGF-b1 ELISA assays of culture medium. The experiments in Aim 2 will measure synovial fluid BMP-2 and TGF-b1 concentrations after intra-articular corticosteroid injections by ELISA assays and by the use of BMP- and TGF-b- reporter cel lines. The experiments in Aim 3 will use the same in vitro model outlined in Aim 1, annd will use exogenous recombinant BMP-2 and TGF-b1 protein in the presence and absence of homeostatically significant corticosteroid concentrations.

Progress 10/01/10 to 09/30/12

Outputs
OUTPUTS: The effects of corticosteroid administration on articular chondrocyte metabolism and TGFb/BMP expression were assayed in a non-adherent in vitro culture system that stably supports the differentiated phenotypes of chondrocytes. Both triamcinolone and (TCA) and methylprednisolone acetate (MPA) were used in these experiments, at doses ranging from 10-10M to 10-5M for up to 48 hours. Expression of BMP and TGFb ligands, and the effects of corticosteroids on collagen type II and aggrecan expression, was assessed by QPCR. The ability of exogenous BMP-2 ligand to mitigate the suppressive effects of TCA and MPA on chondrocyte matrix gene expression was determined by co-administering rhBMP-2 to control and corticosteroid-supplemented cultures. The outcomes of the study (see below) strongly implicate BMP and TGFB suppression as a mechanism by which corticosteroids compromise chondrocyte activity and articular cartilage homeostasis. The relatively small benefit of co-administering exogenous BMP-2 protein suggests that other elements of the BMP signaling pathway apart from ligand expression are also affected by corticosteroid administration. These results have not yet been prepared for presentation or publication. PARTICIPANTS: Matthew Stewart was the PI on the project. Yuwen Chen, Antonella Andrietti, Sushmitha Durgam and Kaylin Herzog were graduate students in the Stewart laboratory who contributed to the study. TARGET AUDIENCES: Not relevant to this project. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.

Impacts
Both TCA and MPA potently and dose-dependently suppressed expression of BMPs- 2 and -6 and also consistently down-regulated TGF-b1 expression. Corticosteroid suppression appeared to be specific to these ligands since expression of other BMP and TGFb ligands expressed by chondrocytes were unchanged. Exogenous BMMP-2 protein increased collagen type II expression in costicosteroid-challenged chondrocyte cultures but did not influence sulfated glycosaminoglycan secretion. These results suggest that other elements of the BMP signaling pathway, distinct from ligand expression, are also down-regulated by TCA and MPA administration.

Publications

  • No publications reported this period


Progress 01/01/11 to 12/31/11

Outputs
OUTPUTS: The overall objective of this research project was to determine the extent to which BMP suppression is responsible for the inhibitory effects of corticosteroids (CS) on chondrocyte matrix biosynthesis. While acknowlewdging that CSs have significant therapeutic effects on joint inflammation and pain, CSs are immuno-suppressive and also suppress biosynthetic activities of articular chondrocytes. This suppressive activity on chondrocyte matrix synthetic activity potentially compromises tissue homeostasis and is believed to contribute to the phenomenon of steroid arthropathy, in concert with the direct damage generated through inappropriate use of compromised joints. The project addressed the hypothesis that corticosteroid-induced suppression of articular chondrocyte matrix synthesis is a consequence of reduced BMP ligand expression and activity. The hypothesis was tested in an in vitro model of cartilage formation, and the effects of CS administration on BMP expression were assessed by QPCR and ELISA assays. These experiments demonstrated that CS adminsitration does down-regulate BMP-2 expression, a ligand known to be required for cartilage homeostasis. In subsequent experiments, BMP supplementation did antagonize the suppressive effects of CS administration on cartilage matrix synthesis, suggesting that BMP supplements could be used clinically to mitigate the untoward effects of CS administration into joints. Ongoing experiments are addressing the effects of CSs on related ligand expression and on expression of BMP inhibitors. In addition, our lab is in the process of developing clinical applicable strategies for controlled equine BMP delivery to intra-articular and skeletal sites. To date, dissemination of these data has been limited to lab presentations and discussions. If the ongoing experiments are completed successfully, we anticipate that the data will be presented at approriate scientific conferences and in publications. PARTICIPANTS: The project was supervised by Dr. Matthew Stewart, with the assistance of Dr. Allison Stewart. A MS degree candidate in Dr. Stewart's lab, Dr. Antonella Pantaleona, conducted the research as part of her MS research training. TARGET AUDIENCES: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.

Impacts
The results of our in vitro experiments suggest that exogenous BMP administration can be used to to reduce the detrimental effects of CS injection into joints. Ongoing research will be focused on determining how BMPs can be safely and reliably delivered to the intra-articular environment and identiying the specific signalling pathways by which CS activity impacts BMP expression. The progress we have made in this research effort is entirely due to the financial support provided by this grant. We would not have been able to conduct the research otherwise.

Publications

  • No publications reported this period