Progress 09/01/10 to 08/31/12
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Mobile weather stations have been installed on various cotton, corn, soybean, rice, and wheat variety trial. Also in some soybean trials we will be evaluating commercial innoculants and fungicides. Weather data would allow us to compare any treatment responses to weather patterns. For example if differential response are observed across locations, it could be directly correlated to mean soil or air temperature for the period between germination and V4. Weather data would also be beneficial to document when foliar disease incident occurs with changing weather patterns. Mobile weather stations that were installed for MSU soybean variety trials will be used for our research to indicate the amount of rainfall the crop receives throughout the growing season. This info is beneficial in making management decisions, such as when to schedule irrigations to supplement the lack of rainfall the crop might need in order to achieve maximum yields. Also it can be helpful in justifying harvest dates that might be later than the norm, due to heavy rains late in the season that might have delayed harvest. Also, at a location that has both irrigated and non-irrigated tests, this rainfall data is important to show the crops yield potential when compared to one that was only rain-fed vs. rainfall in addition to supplemental irrigations. Mobile Weather Stations have also been installed for a Glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass study for Mississippi State University. This will give Scientist on site data for their studies. These variety trial studies will be ongoing throughout each growing season. An additional eighteen mobile weather stations were also installed in various locations on catfish ponds to monitor water temperatures. Stations were installed in Sunflower MS. These stations where installed for a VTC study that is being conducted by the College of Veterinary Medicine. Information is planned to be part of the Delta Agriculture Weather Center Website. Mobile Weather stations were also installed in four areas throughout Mississippi for Soybean Rust research. These Weather stations will help study Rust soybean patterns based on Temperature, Humidity, Wind Speed/Direction, Solar Radiation, and Rainfall. Percent probabilities utilizing maximum and minimum temperatures 1994-2004 were calculated for the last boll that would open if cotton was defoliated on September 20th, October 1st and 10th or left until frost. Tunica station was utilized as the primary source of data. The Tunica SCAN station and in the Clarksdale station were used when missing data occurred in the Tunica data. Percent probabilities were also updated for the Stoneville station for 1994-2000. This information is added to the Delta Agricultural Weather website yearly. PARTICIPANTS: Mark Silva, Extension Associate - Program Coordinator TARGET AUDIENCES: Agricultural researchers, ag producers and general public PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.
Impacts
The information available, primarily on the interactive Internet web site www.deltaweather.msstate.edu, has contributed greatly to the actual and potential annual savings for cotton, soybean, and rice producers. Weather Stations in Soybean Rust Studies will help Scientist track patterns of Soybean Rust. This will help them get a better idea on when Soybean Rust occurs. It will help growers with fungicide applications that will help the loss of Soybeans due to Rust. Visceral toxicosis of catfish (VTC) was first recognized as a syndrome in the spring of 1999 in market- and brooder-size channel catfish in the Mississippi Delta. The cause of VTC has been identified as botulinum toxin.1 an average of 36 VTC cases/year were submitted to the MSU CVM Aquatic Diagnostic Laboratory (ADL) from 2001-2006 from farms in the Mississippi Delta. (This accounts for a mean percentage of 2.7% of a mean 1339 cases/year and represents only those cases presented to the ADL. Actual numbers may be higher). The estimated death losses per affected pond from VTC range from 50-100%. Under commercial practices a 10-acre pond would normally be stocked at 6500 food-fish/acre. The average food-fish weighs 1.5 pounds, and the current market price per pound of fish is $0.70/pound. The resulting loss would range from ~$34,125-68,250/affected pond which is an unacceptable loss for the average catfish farmer because the profit margin in the catfish farming business low. This disease is reported to have driven some producers out of business, and in fact, in Denmark, botulinum toxin has been previously shown to be the cause of a chronic disease of farmed trout which had long been known as "bankruptcy disease." Glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass currently infests 12 counties in the Mississippi Delta. In general, Italian ryegrass will begin emerging in six to ten days when the day-time temperatures are less than 87 F. Historically, the average high temperature at Stoneville falls below 87 F September 14. Understanding the emergence patterns of glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass is critical in designing management programs for this weed. The objective of the current project is to determine when Italian ryegrass emerges in the Mississippi Delta. Nine sites with a history of glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass were identified in August 2010. These sites will be monitored for Italian ryegrass emergence from August 2010 through April 2011. Emergence patterns will be compared with weather data collected from each site with the goal of developing a predictive model for Italian ryegrass emergence in the Mississippi Delta.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
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Progress 09/01/10 to 08/31/11
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Mobile weather stations have been installed on various cotton, corn, soybeans, rice, and wheat variety trials. Stations have also been installed for a Glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass study for Mississippi State University. This will give Scientist on site data for their studies. These variety trial studies will be ongoing throughout each growing season. An additional eighteen mobile weather stations were also installed in various locations on catfish ponds to monitor water temperatures. Stations were installed in Sunflower MS. These stations where installed for a VTC study that is being conducted by the College of Veterinary Medicine. Information is planned to be part of the Delta Agriculture Weather Center Website. Mobile Weather stations were also installed in four areas throughout Mississippi for Soybean Rust research. These Weather stations will help study Rust soybean patterns based on Temperature, Humidity, Wind Speed/Direction, Solar Radiation, and Rainfall. Percent probabilities utilizing maximum and minimum temperatures 1994-2004 were calculated for the last boll that would open if cotton was defoliated on September 20th, October 1st and 10th or left until frost. Tunica station was utilized as the primary source of data. The Tunica SCAN station and in the Clarksdale station were used when missing data occurred in the Tunica data. Percent probabilities were also updated for the Stoneville station for 1994-2000. This information is added to the Delta Agricultural Weather website yearly. PARTICIPANTS: World Agriculture Outlook Board-Washington D.C National Resource Conservation Service-Portland OR Meteor Communication Corporation-Kent WA National Weather Service- Jackson MS Southern Region Climate Center- Baton Rouge, LA National Warm water Aquaculture Center- Stoneville MS Mississippi State University College of Veterinary Medicine-Starkville MS Mississippi State University Branch Experiment Stations- Pontotoc MS, Raymond MS, and Verona MS USDA/ARS-Stoneville MS TARGET AUDIENCES: agricultural researchers, ag. producers, general public PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.
Impacts
The information available, primarily on the interactive Internet web site www.deltaweather.msstate.edu, has contributed greatly to the actual and potential annual savings for cotton, soybean, and rice producers. Weather Stations in Soybean Rust Studies will help Scientist track patterns of Soybean Rust. This will help them get a better idea on when Soybean Rust occurs. It will help growers with fungicide applications that will help the loss of Soybeans due to Rust. Visceral toxicosis of catfish (VTC) was first recognized as a syndrome in the spring of 1999 in market- and brooder-size channel catfish in the Mississippi Delta. The cause of VTC has been identified as botulinum toxin.1 an average of 36 VTC cases/year were submitted to the MSU CVM Aquatic Diagnostic Laboratory (ADL) from 2001-2006 from farms in the Mississippi Delta. (This accounts for a mean percentage of 2.7% of a mean 1339 cases/year and represents only those cases presented to the ADL. Actual numbers may be higher). The estimated death losses per affected pond from VTC range from 50-100%. Under commercial practices a 10-acre pond would normally be stocked at 6500 food-fish/acre. The average food-fish weighs 1.5 pounds, and the current market price per pound of fish is $0.70/pound. The resulting loss would range from ~$34,125-68,250/affected pond which is an unacceptable loss for the average catfish farmer because the profit margin in the catfish farming business low. This disease is reported to have driven some producers out of business, and in fact, in Denmark, botulinum toxin has been previously shown to be the cause of a chronic disease of farmed trout which had long been known as "bankruptcy disease." Glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass currently infests 12 counties in the Mississippi Delta. In general, Italian ryegrass will begin emerging in six to ten days when the day-time temperatures are less than 87 F. Historically, the average high temperature at Stoneville falls below 87 F September 14. Understanding the emergence patterns of glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass is critical in designing management programs for this weed. The objective of the current project is to determine when Italian ryegrass emerges in the Mississippi Delta. Nine sites with a history of glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass were identified in August 2010. These sites will be monitored for Italian ryegrass emergence from August 2010 through April 2011. Emergence patterns will be compared with weather data collected from each site with the goal of developing a predictive model for Italian ryegrass emergence in the Mississippi Delta.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
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