Minor Use Animal Drug Program - IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY

Recipient Organization
IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY
S. AND 16TH ELWOOD
AMES,IA 50011

Performing Department
Veterinary Medicine

Non Technical Summary
Goat meat and milk have been increasing in popularity in the U.S. in recent years. Goats are seasonally polyestrus which has a marked effect on the availability of both meat and milk at different times of the year. The use of CIDR-G devices will enhance the ability of producers to manipulate timing of reproduction to meet the needs of diverse marketing strategies for goat meat and milk. This study is required as part of the approval process for the use of CIDR-G devices in goats. The devices slowly release progesterone and prevent does from coming into estrus. When the devices are removed, almost all does come into estrus within approximately 24 to 36 hours and can be bred. The CIDR-G devices have been available in other countries for at least 20 years and they have been used alone or in combination with other reproductive aids to enhance productivity. They have the potential to greatly enhance the productivity of goat herds in the US.

Animal Health Component

50%

Research Effort Categories

Basic

(N/A)

Applied

50%

Developmental

50%

Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)	Subject of Investigation (SOI)	Field of Science (FOS)	Percent
301	3820	1180	40%
303	3820	1180	10%
307	3820	1180	10%
311	3820	1180	10%
315	3820	1180	10%
711	3820	1180	20%

Knowledge Area
303 - Genetic Improvement of Animals; 311 - Animal Diseases; 711 - Ensure Food Products Free of Harmful Chemicals, Including Residues from Agricultural and Other Sources; 307 - Animal Management Systems; 315 - Animal Welfare/Well-Being and Protection; 301 - Reproductive Performance of Animals;

Subject Of Investigation
3820 - Goats, meat, and mohair;

Field Of Science
1180 - Pharmacology;

Keywords

estrus synchronization

Goals / Objectives
Identify needs for animal drugs for minor species and minor uses in major species. Generate and disseminate data for the safe, effective and legal use of drugs intended for use in minor animal species. Facilitate FDA/CVM approvals of drugs for minor species and minor uses.

Project Methods
The major emphasis of this project will be an efficacy trial of controlled internal release devices (CIDR-G) in both meat and dairy goats. The CIDR-G intravaginal devices are used for the synchronization of estrus. The trial will be conducted in at least two different geographic areas of the U.S. and must be performed under Good Clinical Practice guidelines. A minimum of 6 dairy goat and 6 meat goat herds with approximately 60 does per herd will be tested. Two-thirds of the does will receive the CIDR-G devices and one-third of the does will serve as controls. The devices will be removed at 18 days and the does monitored for estrus. The does will be bred and evaluated for pregnancy by ultrasound at 40 to 55 days of gestation. The study targets are 70% synchronization with no statistical difference in reproductive safety. This efficacy study is required for FDA/CVM approval of CIDR-G devices for use in goats.

Progress 07/01/10 to 06/30/12

Outputs
OUTPUTS: FDA approval of CIDR intravaginal implants for use in sheep was accomplished with support from this project and the product is now widely available for legal use in the U.S. The grant also supported GLP and GCP studies to establish withdrawal times, target animal safety and efficacy of CIDR implants in goats, tulathromycin in goats and fenbendazole and lasalocid in pheasants. PARTICIPANTS: Individuals participating in some of the studies include Dennis Hallford at New Mexico State University, Lisa Tell at UC-Davis, Kevin Washburn at Texas A&M University, Paul Plummer at Iowa State University and Larry McDougald at the University of Georgia. In addition, several goat producers donated the use of their herds for CIDR studies. One Ph.D. student and one Masters student were supported with these funds. TARGET AUDIENCES: The target audiences for these studies are the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Center for Veterinary Medicine and producers of goats, pheasants and sheep. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.

Impacts
The project was successful in determining that the levels of progesterone in goat milk from females with CIDR implants were lower than the levels of progesterone in females with functional corpora lutea. The same was true of the tissue concentrations of progesterone. This indicated that the milk and meat from females with implants would be safe for human consumption. Other studies demonstrated that tissue levels of tulathromycin fall dramatically and that the withdrawal time for this drug is probably similar to that for cattle. The project supported a study that determined lasalocid is efficacious for prevention of coccidiosis in pheasants.

Publications

Clothier, K.A., T. Leavens, R. W. Griffith, S.E. Wetzlich, R.E. Baynes, J. E. Riviere, and L.A. Tell. 2011. Pharmacokinetics of tulathromycin after single and multiple subcuttaneous injections in domestic goats (Capra aegagrus hircus). J. Vet. Pharmacol. Therap.