Progress 10/01/09 to 09/30/14
Outputs
Target Audience: Commericial egg producers, poultry nutritionists and poultry managers Changes/Problems: Major changes in the application of our work includes more informed decisions for poultry nutritionists to include higher amount of DDGS in poultry rations, use of enzyme technologies to improve nutrient digestibilities in alternative ingredients such as DDGS, bakery by-product and poultry by-product meal and improved feed costs to the poultry producer. Improved skeletal strength and welfare for laying hens and decreased osteoperosis as the hen ages in both commercial cage and aviary sytems. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Training opportunities included regional presentations at the Midwest Poultry Federation meetings as well as site visits during our Annual Meeting. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Yes, through State Poultry Associations, The Midwest Poultry Federation and National meetings such as International Poultry Scientific Forum and Poultry Science Association. Fall, 2014 an International Webinar was sponsored by U.S. Feed Grains Council to Korea on the Use of DDGS in Poultry Diets. Several papers were presented at the International Society of Animal Ethology on our trials to improve pullet bone health. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Final Report
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
The objectives of this regional project were 2 fold: 1. to improve the efficiency of poultry production systems through utilization of new technologies and better scientific knowledge of feed energy sources in poultry diets. Since poultry feed costs are approximately 60% of the total cost of producing poultry meat and eggs, a focus on utilizing low cost ingredients with adaptation of new technologies was integrated into our project here at UNL. The second major objective of this regional project was to improve the welfare of poultry, specifically laying hens. Commercial laying hens suffer from osteoperosis as they mature into a 2 year long lay cycle. It is imperative that their welfare be improved by building a stronger skeleton to sustain the hen through optimum egg production. At UNL we hypothesized the hen's skeleton could improve by increasing its strength during the pullet period through a modified and enhanced mineral (calcium) supplementation program. Goal 1. Energy/resource efficient poultry production systems. To include collaborative efforst on feed energy sources for poultry by geographical region. UNL in collaboration with the University of Minnestoa (Dr. Sally Noll) and University of Illinois - Dr. Ken Koelkebeck, worked on the value of DDGS in poultry rations. The turkey model was studied by Dr. Noll at the University of Minnesota, while Dr. Koelkebeck studied use of DDGS in molt diets. At UNL we conducted seven trials during this time period in pullets, laying hens and broilers to test acceptability of DDGS in poultry diets and savings associated with including DDGS in poultry diets. Economic feasibility of including exogenous enzymes with acceptable levels of DDGS in poultry diets was also investigated. Results of our research here at UNL indicated that DDGS can be fed up to levels of 15-20% in pullet, layer and broiler diets with no negative performance effects. During high feed prices (corn over $4.00/bushel and SBM over $400/ton), including DDGS in the ration can save as much as $20-30/ton. During the 2012 drought, producers turned to DDGS as a reliable source of energy and protein in their poultry rations and due to our research, nutritionists were able to accurated formulate diets with as much as 15% DDGS, leading to considerable savings. Poultry feed is approximately 60% the cost of raising birds and producing eggs. The economic impact of our research was valued at over $5,000,000 savings/year to the Midwest poultry egg producers alone during this project. Impact nationally and world-wide was also significant as poultry producers in other U.S. regions increased DDGS use and exports to Asia also increased substantially during this time period. Poultry nutritionists world-wide have shown improved confidence and feed cost savings to include DDGS in laying hen and pullet diets due to our research program here at UNL and the turkey resesarch at Univ. of Minnesota and molt research at the University of Illinois. A collaborative study investigating value of DDGS, bakery by-product meal and poultry by-product meal with protease enzymes and digestibility of Amino Acids was conducted at the University of Nebraska in layers, University of Minnesota (turkeys) and University of Maryland (broilers) during this projects term to great success. All diets were mixed at the University of Maryland, shipped to Nebraska and Minnesota and then fed to each stations respective species of poultry. Results indicated the most improvement in AA digestibility in poultry by-product meal by the proteases tested. This data assists poultry nutritionists world-wide on a daily basis to formulate rations with optimum AA digestibility and availability. DSM and other international companies market their protease enzyme world-wide using the published research from this trial. This has led to improved utilization of by-products in poultry diets, cost savings in poultry diets and improved efficiencies of poultry meat and egg production. Goal 2. Alternative production systems This collaborative research will encompass characterization and mitigation of air emissions, manure nutrient management, animal welfare (including health), and economic evaluation of alternative poultry production systems. Several research stations worked on various aspects of this goal, to include Iowa State Univ. research on air emissions, Purdue's research on genetic effects on bird welfare and research in various emerging laying hen housing systems at the University of Michigan, North Carolina State University and here at UNL Research into alternative housing systems and nutrition programs to improve the welfare of laying hens in such systems was conducted at at UNL on the benefits of feeding a blended limestone particle size to pullets on bone health and reduced keel bone deformities. We have documented that feeding a blend of large, medium and small particle size limestone rather than just small particle size to pullets during their rapid skeletal growth periods will improve their bone strength, reduce bone breakage and improve egg shell quality during their lay period as hens. Hens in both traditional commercial cages and aviary floor systems benefited from the dietary changes. These results have the potential to improve the hens well-being during the laying period and reduce the incidence of osteoperosis in the hen as she ages. Improved eggshell quality also reduces egg loss during the grading and packing process for retail eggs. This research has been presented in multiple publications and is now being incorporated into laying hen feeding programs throughout the United States.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
The Effect of Normal and Excessive Supplementation of Selenomethionine and Sodium Selenite in Laying Hens, International Journal of Scientific Research, Biological Horizon, ISSN:2222-1255. A.A. Aljamal, S.E. Purdum and K.J. Hanford.
- Type:
Theses/Dissertations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
The Effects of Feed Additives, Housing Systems and Stress on Salmonella Shedding in Single Comb White and Brown Laying Hens, Ph.D. Dissertation, Dana Hahn Didde, May, 2014
- Type:
Theses/Dissertations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
The Effect of Pullet Limestone Particle Size on Bone Health and Performance in Conventional Cage and Alternative Housing Systems, Ph.D. Dissertation, Pamela Eusebio Balcazar, December, 2014
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Effects of limestone particle size in pullet diets on hen performance, bone mineral density and keel bone deformities in aviaries or conventional cages. P. Eusebio-Balcazar, M. Beck, S. Purdum, M36, p. 12. 2014 International Poultry Scientific Forum, Jan. 27-28, 2014. Atlanta, GA.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Effects of Two Xylanase enzyme sources on Laying Hen Performance fed low density diets from 22-52 weeks of age. S. Purdum, D. Didde, B. Kreifels, P. Eusebio and K. Hanford. T125, International Poultry Scientific Forum, p. 38-39, Jan. 27-28, 2014. Atlanta, GY.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Short-term effects of lower oil dried distillers grains with solubles in laying hen rations, 2014. Poultry Science, October, 2014. 93 (10) 2592-2595.
|
Progress 10/01/12 to 09/30/13
Outputs
Target Audience: Poultry Egg Producers, Poultry Nutritionists, Poultry Veterinarians Changes/Problems: No particular problems or changes to project to report. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Joint presentation and publication with colleague - Dr. Sally Noll from the Univ. of Minnesota. Training of 2 graduate students. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Publication in scientific forum - Poultry Science Association abstracts and Journal of Applied Poultry Research. Joint presentation to Midwest Poultry Federation nutrition conference with Dr. Noll. Publication and dissemination of information in Egg INdustry and Feed Management to producer audience. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Further publication of peer reviewed articles in Poultry ScienceJournals. Complete 2 graduate student dissertations.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
1. Research and adoption by U.S. Egg Industry on inclusion of ethanol by-products (low oil DDGS) in pullet and laying hen rations. Evaluation of energy value of low oil DDGS and acceptance in laying hen rations. 2. Testing of larger particle size limestone in different pullet and laying hen housing systems; results indicate improved bone health in pullets given large particle size limestone during 6-16 wk age period.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
D. Hahn-Didde, S. Purdum, 2013. The effects of an Enzyme Complex in Moderate and Low Nutrient Dense Diets with DDGS in Laying Hens. Accepted to the Journal of Applied Poultry Research, Nov. 2013
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
P.E. Eusebio-Balcazar, A. Steiner, M. Beck and S. Purdum, 2013. Effect of dietary Ca and P levels on bone health and egg shell quality of laying hens housed in floor pens or cages. Poult. Sci. 92 (E-Suppl. 1), p. 95.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
A. Steiner, P.E. Eusebio-Balcazar, M. Beck and S. Purdum, 2013. Behavioral study and plumage conditions of laying hens housed in aviaries and conventional cages. Poultry Sci. 92 (E-Suppl. 1)., p. 93.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
p. Eusebio-Balcazar, A. Steiner, M. Beck and S. Purdum, 2013. Perch usage and preference of Brown and White Laying hens housed in aviary systems. International Society for Applied Ethology Abstracts, Forianopolis, Brazil, June, 2013. P. 166.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
D. Didde, S. Purdum and K. Hanford, 2013. Examination of Salmonella spp. And E. coli spp in Cage and Cage Free Environments for Laying Hens., International Society for Applied Ethology Abstracts, Forianopolis, Brazil, June, 2013. P. 143.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
P.E. Eusebio-Balcazar, A. Ampaire, M.M. Beck and S. Purdum, 2013. Effects of dietary Ca and P levels on pullet growth performance and keel bone deformities raised in floor pens or conventional cages. International Scientific Poultry Forum, Abstracts, Poultry Sci. 92 (E-Supple 1) p. 254.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
P.E. Eusebio-Balcazar, A. Ampaire, M.M. Beck and S.Purdum, 2013. Effects of limestone particle size on pullet growth and keel bone deformities raised in aviary or conventional cages. International Scientific Poultry Forum Abstracts, Poultry Sci. 92 (E- Supple 1 ) p. 201.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Under Review
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
S. E. Purdum, B.Kreifels and K. Hanford, 2013. Low oil DDGS in Laying HenRations. Submitted to JAPR, Dec. 10, 2013.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
S. Noll and S. E. Purdum, 2013. Low oil DDGS in Turkey and Laying Hen Rations., Midwest Poultry Federation Proceedings, Midwest Poultry Federation, St. Paul, MN. P.
|
Progress 10/01/11 to 09/30/12
Outputs
OUTPUTS: The most significant output is the use of data from our study on the value of low oil DDGS in laying hen diets. This data has been disseminated to the poultry industry through several venues including the U.S. Distillers Conference in St. Louis, MO, in May, 2012, several Watt's publishing press publications. It is the only research conducted in laying hens on this topic and is being utilized by nutritionists across the U.S. PARTICIPANTS: Graduate student training, for Brett Kreifels, Pamela Eusebio and Dana Hahn. Collaborators included POET Nutrition, University of Nebraska Mussehl Foundation. TARGET AUDIENCES: Poultry Industry Poultry Nutritionists PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.
Impacts
The impact of our findings regarding use of low oil DDGS in laying hen diets is information that assists formulate diets with DDGS saving $20-30/ton in todays high cost commodity and feed markets.
Publications
- Purdum, S.E. and B. Kreifels, 2012. Feeding low oil DDGS to layers. Egg Industry, 117: Vol.7. p. 4-6.
- Purdum, S.E., 2012. Hen-pecking behavior in alternative environments. Egg Industry, 117: Vol. 11, p. 6-7.
- Purdum, S.E. and D. Hahn, 2012. Fats and Fatty Acids in Laying Hens, in Fats and Fatty Acids In Poultry Nutrition and Health, G. Cherian and R. Poulrslami, Context Products Limited, Leicestershire, UK..
- Eusebio-Balcazar, P.E., D. Didde and S. Purdum, 2012. Nest box color and height preference of White Leghorn laying hens raised in floor pens. Proceedings of the 46th Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology, p. 164.
- Purdum, S.E., 2012. Getting more value from poultry feed ingredients. Feed Management, March/April, p. 16-19.
- Purdum, S.E. and B. Kreifels, 2012. Low Oil DDGS in Poultry Feeds. Proceedings of the 15th Annual Distillers Grains Symposium, St. Louis, MO. May 16-17, 2012.
- Esusebio-Balcazar, P.E. and S. Purdum, 2012. Effects of cage-free housing system on performance, egg quality, and bone health in White Leghorn laying hens. International Poultry Scientific Forum Abstracts, Atlanta, Georgia p. 66.
- Masadeh,M.K., S. E. Purdum, and K. J. Hanford, 2012. Distillers dried grains with solubles in pullet diets J Appl Poult Res 21:531-539.
- Purdum, S.E., 2012. Examining the impact of low oil DDGS in feed. Feed Management, July/August, p. 16-17.
|
Progress 10/01/10 to 09/30/11
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Major effort was made to establish cage-free laying hen facilities along with an aviary system to look at effects of laying hen housing systems on efficiencies of egg production, incidence of skeletal disorders and bone density, welfare of the hens, and salmonella infection. Hens housed in cage free floor systems with nest boxes were compared to sister hens in cage system, for housing effects on the prevalence of Salmonella and effects on keel bone deformation and bone density (tibia). Aviary systems were ordered from Big Dutchman, (Germany), and are being installed for future housing system studies in 2012. Information on nutrition programs to improve efficiency of egg production using alternative ingredients such as DDGS were presented to the Midwest Poultry Federation meeting in St. Paul, MN., as well as to an international audience through a webinar offered by Alltech, Inc. A press release was made by Poultry Science Association on their website in October highlighting the feed cost savings resulting from our research on feeding high levels of DDGS to laying hens. PARTICIPANTS: Dr. Roselina Angel Dr. Mahmoud Masadeh Dr. Alia Aljamal Ms. Dana Hahn Dr. Kathy Hanford TARGET AUDIENCES: Poultry Nutritionists PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.
Impacts
Research on the feed cost savings when feeding up to 20% DDGS in laying hens was published and has been adapted by egg companies in the midwest resulting in an average use rate of 5-15% in over 20 million hens. This results in savings near $9 million dollars in the Midwest region alone (calculated at $10.00/ton savings when using 10% DDGS). Collaborative research with Univ. of Maryland also showed significant improvements in amino acid digestibility when feeding a protease enzyme in addition to laying hen diets with large amounts of Meat and Bone Meal and DDGS. This research helps the poultry nutritionists more accurately formulate low costs poultry diets.
Publications
- Clark, K.J., D. A. MacKenzie, M. G. Zeece, S. Purdum, N. Juge and J. Wlater. 2011. Funtional characterization of metagenomic enzymes from the chicken cecal microbiome. Instititure of Food Research, BBSRC. London, England.
- Aljamal, A. A., C.A. Fassbinder-Orth, K.J. Hanford, and S.E. Purdum, 2011. The effect of selenomethionine vs. sodium selenite supplementation on vitelline membrane strength, glutathione peroxidas activity in the liver and magnum of laying hens and egg Se content when using a corn starch based diet. Poultry Sci. 90 (E-Suppl.1): 171
- Angel, C.R., S. Purdum, S.L. Vieira, M. Iwaniuk and N.E. Ward, 2011. Effects of a mono component protease on true ileal amino acid digestibility of selected ingredients for commercial laying hens. Poultry Sci. 90 (E-Suppl. 1): 139-140.
- Purdum, S., A. A. Aljamal, and P. Krishnan, 2011. The effects of using different levels and sources of zinc with wire vs. solid sided cages on laying hen feather quality. Proc. Of the 45th Congress of the International Society for Applied Ethology, p. 124.
- Scheideler, S.E., P. Weber and D. Monsalve., 2010. Supplemental vitamin E and selenium effects on egg production, egg quality, and egg deposition of a-tocopherol and selenium. J. Appl. Poultry Res., 19:354-360.
- Purdum, S.E., 2011. Laying Hen behavior influenced by cage design. Egg Industry, October 2011. P. 12-13.
- Purdum, S.E., 2011 New study finds that higher than current levels of dried distillers grains may be effectively used in laying hen diets. Press Release, Poultry Science Association; 10/31/2011. www.poultryscience.org/pr100311.asp
- Purdum, S., 2011. Using more DDGS in poultry feed. Watt Poultry USA, September, 2011. P. 26-29.
- Purdum, S., 2011. Using more DDGS in poultry feed. Feed Management, May/June, p. 10-13.
- Purdum, S., M.K. Masadeh and D. Hahn, 2011. Update on DDGS in Poultry Rations. MPF Nutrition Symposium, MPF Convention, St. Paul, MN.
|
Progress 10/01/09 to 09/30/10
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Results of collaborative efforts with this Multi-state project have been disseminated to poultry nutritionists through participation and presentations at the U.S. Distillers Grains Conference, Alltech Health and Nutrition Symposium, Poultry Science Association Meeting and the International Poultry Scientific Formum. As a result of these presentations, abstracts and publications, poultry nutritionists and companys are utilizing increasing amounts of DDGS, with added nutritional value and information, saving as much as $10.00/ton of feed when including 5% DDGS. PARTICIPANTS: Not relevant to this project. TARGET AUDIENCES: Not relevant to this project. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.
Impacts
The impact of this research and reporting are significant feed costs savings to the poultry producer amounting to as much as $10-$60.00/ton when DDGS is added from 5 to 30% or the ration. Addition of DDGS did not have detrimental effects on egg production parameters of laying hens.
Publications
- Elnagar, S. A., S.E. Scheideler and M.M. Beck, 2010 Reproductive hormones, hepatic deiodinase messenger ribonucleic acid, and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-immunoreactive cells in hypothalamus in the heat stress-induced or chemically induced hypothyroid laying hen. Poultry Sci. 2010 89:2001-2009.
- Hammons, S., Lyn Oh, P. Martinez, I, Clark, K., Schlegel, V., Sitoriu, E., Scheideler, S.E., Walter, J. 2010 A small variation in diet influences the Lactobacillus strain composition in the crop of broiler chickens. Systematic and Applied Microbiology, 33:275-281.
- Scheideler, S.E. and M. K. Masadeh 2010 Dried Distillers Grains - Opportunities and Strategies to Maximize Profitability. Proc. Alltech 26th Annual International Animal Health and Nutrition Symposium. Genre: Refereed Conference/Symposium Proceeding
- Scheideler, S.E. 2010 The future of DDGS in poultry rations. Egg Industry, October 2010. p. 23
- Krishnan, P. and S.E. Scheideler 2010 Effect of choline, folacin and vitamin B-12 on egg components and egg phospholipid composition in laying hens. Poultry Sci. 89:Abstracts
- Masadeh, M.K. and S.E. Scheideler 2010 High dietary inclusion of dried distillers grains with solubles in broiler rations - Production effects and yields. Poultry Sci. 89:Abstracts.
- Masadeh, M.K., C. A Fassbinder-Orth and S.E. Scheideler 2010 High dietary inclusion of dried distillers grains with solubles in broiler chick rations in combination with Allzyme SSF enzyme - Effects on yield and endogenous enzyme levels. Poultry Sci. 89:Abstracts
- Aljamal, A.A. and S.E. Scheideler 2010 The effect of selenium source and supplementation level on vitelline membrane strength and glutathione peroxidase activity in liver and shell gland of laying hens. Poultry Sci. 89:Abstracts.
- Hahn, D., S. Scheideler, E.E. M. Pierson and C.L. Novak, 2010 The effects of the addition of phytase and an ezyme cocktail to high and low nutrient density diets with DDGS or MBM in laying hens during Phase II. Poultry Sci. 89:Abstracts
- Masadeh, M.A. and S.E. Scheideler, 2010 High dietary inclusion of dried distillers grains with solubles in laying hen rations in combination with Allzyme SSF enzyme (Phase II). Abstract, 2010 International Poultry Science Forum
- Scheideler, S.E., P.Weber, A. Yersin, R. Snyder and T. Pham, 2010 Efficiency of xanthophyll and lutein deposition in the egg yolk from dietary pigmentors. Abstract, International Poultry Sci. Forum, Atlanta, GA.
- Hahn, D., S. Scheideler and E. Pierson and C.L. Novak. 2010 The effects of addition of phytase and an enzyme cocktail on high and low nutrient density diets in laying hens. Abstract International Poultry Sci. Forum, Atlanta, GA.
- Weber, P. and S.E. Scheideler 2010 The effects of social and environmental enrichments on the welfare of tom turkeys. Proceedings of the meeting of International Society of Animal Ethology, Uppsala, Sweden, August. Abstract
|
|