Progress 10/01/09 to 09/30/13
Outputs
Target Audience: A wide variety of individuals, programs, organizations, and agencies were identified and contacted for development of family recruitment strategies during this project. In order to identify two to three generation families, culture and social clubs or specialized organizations and agencies, such as student campus or senior citizen clubs have been identified and contact information collected. Relevant contacts and discussions were made with department, college, State and national organizations who either conducted nutrition research or nutrition extension activities, and other non-nutrition community partners such as 4-H youth faculty and 4-H, FCE, and FCLE organizations to collaborate on this and future research and extension projects. Other organizations such as Office of Hawaiian Affairs, Hawaiian Homestead community groups, low income housing complexes, communities, and homeless agencies were contacted about the study. Presentations were made by the PI and research assistants to educate communities about the study and disseminate information about its goals. Research Team participants included in this research and extension project were: PI, 2 Co-PIs Extension faculty in nutrition and 4-H youth development, 1 Hawaiian-Samoan-Filpino undergraduate RA, 1 Hawaiian graduate student in nutrition. 1 Sociology RA and Post-Doctoral Malaysian South Indian Research Associate. During the recruitment presentations, health, nutrition and wellness community and campus collaborators have been identified. The composition of the research team changed about every two years since the majority of team members were students and had educational and extension components, in addition to the research mission, training for subject protection and interview and recruitment training conducted over the entire project. As a result of changes in the conduct of human subjects and IRB policies in research staff training at the University of Hawaii at Manoa, the research staff underwent and passed newly required Human Subjects courses or refresher courses. The research team was composed of nutrition and Pacific Islander research assistants, research associates, graduate students, and research collaborators. There were gaps in the training and development of recruitment and research tools since Pacific Islander undergraduate research assistants were in or out of school or transferred to another university due to personal reasons. Changes/Problems: During the piloting of the research protocol and interview sessions, it was determined that the onsite data entry and collection via computer based SPSS would not be an effective method to secure information from participants. For many Asian and Pacific Islander and traditional cultures that are context or situationally driven, an important part of securing valid data is the ability to connect on a personal one-on-one basis in a culturally and responsive manner with the respondent. The onsite computer data entry activity interfered with the conversational nature of the individual interview because the interviewer was looking at and paying attention to the computer RATHER than to the person he/she was interviewing. This shift in the manner of data collection would have saved time later for data entry, but would negatively impact the quality of such interview and family discussion data. As a result of changes in the family recruitment and sampling frame, and changes in the format of data collection by simplification of original measures/instruments, all protocols and modificaitons research protocol were approved by the subject protection process and regulations under IRBs at the University of Hawaii at Mano?. All IRBs and subsequent IRB modifications were submitted and approved for sampling recruitment changes and design, protocol revision and simplification. There were changes in the family recruitment and sampling frame from exclusive 3 generations of female participant families to inclusion of males and inclusion of 2 or 3 generations in Pacific Islander families. In discussions with community members, it was discovered that males in Pacific Islander families may be doing the cooking, therefore, health beliefs, life style practices, and wellness may be transmitted across the generations by male families members as well. The rationale for inclusion of Pacific Islander male participants in this study was important to reflect male family member’s contribution to family health through cooking for the family. Added inclusion and flexibility allowed the definition of generations to include age ranges found between generations as the natural diversity of years between generations (i.e., young, middle age and elderly family generation) among Pacific Islander families. Recruitment contacts were made with senior citizen centers, Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander organizations, low income housing, and community health centers on Oahu, and student organizations were found as potential sources of recruitment for multiple generation family participants. Data collection on multiple generation families will commence in the Spring 2014 after PI recruits another nutrition team member since a previous undergraduate and Post-Doc team members left Honolulu. The fixed age ranges were considered too restrictive, excluded too many families, and may have hindered participant recruitment because families varied widely in actual spacing between generations in Pacific Islander families (e.g., young 18-34 years of age, middle 35-54, and elderly 55+). Generational age ranges of participants could vary by + or – 5 years to reflect generational spaces within Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander families. Other important changes were made to the survey protocol and instruments to accommodate the health literacy, education, and age constraints regarding difficulty of tasks as homework or self-administered versus face to face with interviewers assistance for completion of nutrition assessment tasks. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Research Team participants included in this research and extension project were: PI, 2 Co-PIs Extension faculty in nutrition and 4-H youth development, 1 Hawaiian-Samoan-Filpino undergraduate RA, 1 Hawaiian graduate student in nutrition. 1 Sociology RA and Post-Doctoral Malaysian South Indian Research Associate. During the recruitment presentations, health, nutrition and wellness community and campus collaborators have been identified. The composition of the research team changed about every two years since the majority of team members were students and had educational and extension components, in addition to the research mission, training for subject protection and interview and recruitment training conducted over the entire project. As a result of changes in the conduct of human subjects and IRB policies in research staff training at the University of Hawaii at Manoa, the research staff underwent and passed newly required Human Subjects courses or refresher courses. The research team was composed of nutrition and Pacific Islander research assistants, research associates, graduate students, and research collaborators. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? The PI served as Co-PI in collaboration with the Youth Development and 4-H state leader, in securing $50,000 grant from Walmart entitled "Fueling for Health" (2011-2012). Some of the nutrition assessment tools (e.g., MyPlate nutrition activities, Family legacy Holiday and Everyday menus recipes) were modified for a broader age audience in an anonymous 4-H youth nutrition project. The Fueling for Health extension nutrition education project conducted 4 training workshops (November & December 2011; January & March 2012). From these training workshops, youth participants formed 6 community nutrition teams on Oahu, 4 on the Big Island, and two on Maui to conduct their own nutrition education events. A total of 2078 youth and 170 adults carried out nutrition education events across three islands. An analysis of the 1500 surveys, youth created nutrition activities, and analysis will be used to determine how nutrition tools and activities could be adapted for different age target groups, and with youth in their own communities. This information can be used to further develop a MyPlate nutrition education tools and exercises for a variety of audiences and communities. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
An extensive ongoing review of existing health and nutrition tools available to examine health beliefs and lifestyle practices with cultural appropriateness, wide age ranges of families, and variability of health literacy across generations of Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander families was conducted. Use of the food pyramid generated concerns over health literacy, may have been confusing to older people, and generated possible cultural and social class variability in reliability and validity of established health and nutrition assessment tools. Once the MyPlate USDA nutrition symbol and philosophical shift in June 2011, the research team created MyPlate nutrition activities and tools that may be more responsive to health literacy issues for our examination of health beliefs and lifestyles in Pacific Islander families. The PI served as Co-PI in collaboration with the Youth Development and 4-H state leader, in securing $50,000 grant from Walmart entitled "Fueling for Health" (2011-2012). Some of the nutrition assessment tools (e.g., MyPlate nutrition activities, Family legacy Holiday and Everyday menus recipes) were modified for a broader age audience in an anonymous 4-H youth nutrition project. The Fueling for Health extension nutrition education project conducted 4 training workshops (November & December 2011; January & March 2012). From these training workshops, youth participants formed 6 community nutrition teams on Oahu, 4 on the Big Island, and two on Maui to conduct their own nutrition education events. A total of 2078 youth and 170 adults carried out nutrition education events across three islands. An analysis of the 1500 surveys, youth created nutrition activities, and analysis will be used to determine how nutrition tools and activities could be adapted for different age target groups, and with youth in their own communities. This information can be used to further develop a MyPlate nutrition education tools and exercises for a variety of audiences and communities. The research team piloted and significantly revised the nutrition, family health and wellness assessment activities and tools, expanded our family recruitment to include males and females who are part of a two or three generational Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander family. Pilot recruitment efforts and strategies indicated that in this high cost city, it was difficult to schedule the same 4 hour time block with all three generations present as reported by interested potential participants. A significantly revised nutrition protocol and survey instruments will be used to study how health beliefs and lifestyle practices are transmitted across 2 or 3 generations of men and women within Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander families (i.e., young, middle aged, elderly). The project adapted or created nutrition tools to be more culturally appropriate and responsive to the variability of health literacy across young, middle and elderly adults in Pacific Islander families. The research team created versions of a MyPlate nutrition tool for health literacy ranges among generations in Pacific Island families. An approved IRB (CHS#19327,2010-2013) with three approved modifications included males, and expanded family composition to 2 or 3 generations (approved March, 2013). An additional approved IRB modification permitteded anonymous youth and 4-H educational programming for the Walmart grant over a two year period and across 4 islands. The most recent IRB renewal (CHS# 19327, June 2013-2014)approved a protocol modification to address pilot participant difficulty with the nutrition homework (i.e., food and diet recall and recipe portion and volume measurement) and individual interview protocol, and length of session. As a result of a pilot with a three generation family, the research team streamlined and simplified homework and individual interview protocol. We shifted tasks that could be self-administered to be homework and other tasks that needed more consultation to take place with nutrition research team members. With the IRB renewal, a modification of the previously approved protocol was requested and approved. The resulting protocol streamlined the formatting of the questions in a chart format to be more efficient, accommodate wide literacy levels in the family, and to address fatigue levels of the oldest family members (June 2013-2014). The protocol revisions shifted difficult/time consuming homework tasks to face to face administration, and lessened the difficult and burdensome components of the homework tasks-nutrition measurements from 2 day to 1 day typical day diet record and selection of a favorite family recipe with documentation of the individual family member preparation of that favorite recipe. Prior to the Talk Story Day, after agreeing to participate, a Homework Packet was provided and included: sample consent form; HealthStyle questionnaire (1981, PHS, US DHHS) in six lifestyle domains (i.e., 2 smoking, 3 alcohol and drugs, 1 medication safety, 4 nutrition/ food, 1 weight, 3 exercise, 1 job, 2 stress items, 2 social network, 5 safety items); Nutrition Belief Survey, the family selects Favorite Family recipe, but individual members document how they prepared this family favorite recipe. The Ohana (Family) Health Talk Story Wellness Day included: 1) review and signing of participant consent; 2) individual interviews (i.e., demographic information, fat scale measurement; collection of Homework; 1 typical day food choices and estimation of food portion/volume; review of Nutrition Beliefs Survey and Family Recipe Homework; MyPlate estimation of portion sizes by food groups in Ideal Healthy MyPlate and Actual MyPlate of their Main Meal; and discussed the individual's Top Three Lifestyle Practices (food and nutrition, physical activities and fitness; coping with stress, mind and brain health, and family and friendship practices); and 3) During the Ohana Talk Story Session, the family members gathered together to discuss and come to family consensus regarding: 1) top Family Health and Wellness Strategies and top three unhealthy lifestyle habits to avoid; 2) Family decision on the top family lifestyle practices to promote good nutrition, physical fitness, effectively dealing with stress, to maintain mine/brain health, and maintain positive family and friendships. A participant debrief was held regarding their research experiences, the family was thanked for their participation, and provided gift cards for their assistance with this project. Two or three generational family recruitment efforts consisted multiple pronged approaches. The research team disseminated the project flyers by targeting elderly or young adult family members to assess its effective in recruitment of multiple generation families. Analysis of the nutrition activities developed by youth will be examined to further MyPlate nutrition education tools and exercises for a variety of audiences and communities. Examination of alternate versions of MyPlate activities will be systematically reviewed, such as use of cell phone photos of meals, before and after eating to determine food groups and portion consumed with development of technology to provide accurate estimations of food consumption. The empirical literature will be searched for validated techniques to secure reliable assessment of MyPlate food groups
Publications
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Progress 10/01/11 to 09/30/12
Outputs
OUTPUTS: This year we piloted and tested several nutrition, family health and wellness tools, and explored three generational family recruitment strategies. These tools and survey instruments will be used to study how health beliefs and lifestyle practices are transmitted across generations of women within Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander families (i.e., young, middle aged and elderly). The project adapted or created nutrition tools that would be more culturally appropriate and responsive to the variability of health literacy across young, middle and elderly adults in Pacific Islander families. The research team quickly created a MyPlate nutrition tool that would be more responsive to health literacy issues in Pacific Island families. An approved IRB (CHS#19327, June 2011) was modified and approved (December 2011) to reflect participant retention incentives and pilot testing of instruments in collaboration with anonymous 4-H youth and community education development efforts. A 2012-2013 IRB renewal was approved for MyPlate nutrition activities and other nutrition tools for three adult and female generations of Pacific Islander families and pilot testing with 4-H youth and the community at large. Ohana (Family) Health Talk Story Wellness Day: Each Health Family Talk Story Wellness day included review and signing of participant consent, individual interviews and collection of 2 day food diet records history with everyday favorite and holiday menus including a dinner entree recipe samples from each menu from each family member. Separate interviews for each family member in the morning, lunch break, and Ohana (Family) Health Talk Story focus group session. During the Ohana Talk Story Session, the Grandmother, Mother and Granddaughter gather together to discuss and come to family consensus regarding: 1) top Family Health and Wellness Strategies; 2) Primary and Effective Mode of transmission and teaching of Health and Wellness traditions to younger family members; and 3) Ohana feedback regarding how society can more effectively help families to promote the health and wellness of their own family members. Family Health and Wellness Assessment Instruments: Questionnaire and Survey Packet Selection and development of nutrition protocol and instruments have been finalized and include the following Health Beliefs and Lifestyle practices nutrition tools: 1) food and nutrition ; 2) physical activity; 3) coping strategies to deal with stressors; 4) strategies to keep their mind sharp; and 5) strategies to maintain positive family relationships. Demographic and basic anthropometry data will be collected for each participant (height, weight, waist measurement, age), with health status and health lifestyle status; two consecutive days of a food diary; MyPlate Portions and Everyday Menu and Holiday Menu and Healthstyle (1981, PH, USDHHSin six lifestyle domains (i.e., 2 smoking, 3 alcohol and drugs, 1 medication safety, 4 nutrition/ food, 1 weight, 3 exercise, 1 job, 2 stress items, 2 social network, 5 safety items). PARTICIPANTS: Participants who participated in the research and Fueling for Health project included: PI, two Co-PIs, 2 nutrition faculty, 1 Post-doc, 3 undergraduate RAs, 2 Doctoral student and 1 MS student in nutrition. TARGET AUDIENCES: 2078 youth and 170 adults. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: We added a youth component to test MyPlate activities among youth. In addition, the proposed fixed generational age ranges (i.e., young 18-34 years of age, middle 35-54, and elderly 55+) may be too restrictive and create recruitment difficulties for Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander families. Fixed generational age ranges may be eliminated if the natural intergenerational age spread in Pacific Islander families were problematic for recruitment.
Impacts
Three generational family recruitment efforts consisted of a two pronged approach, targeting either elderly or young adult family members to assess its effectiveness in recruitment of three generation families. Recruitment contacts were made with senior citizen centers, Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander organizations, low income housing, and community health centers on Oahu, and student organizations were found as potential sources of recruitment for three generational female family participants. Data collection on three generational families will commence in the Spring 2013 after PI examines whether proposed fixed generational age ranges (i.e., young 18-34 years of age, middle 35-54, and elderly 55+) may be too restrictive and create recruitment difficulties for Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander families. Fixed generational age ranges may be eliminated if the natural intergenerational age spread in Pacific Islander families were problematic for recruitment. The PI served as Co-PI in collaboration with Dr. Gary Heusel, Youth Development and 4-H state leader, in securing $50,000 grant from Walmart entitled "Fueling for Health". Some of the nutrition tools (e.g., MyPlate nutrition activities, Family legacy Holiday and Everyday menus recipes) developed for adults, but modified for a broader age audience. The Fueling for Health extension nutrition education project conducted 4 training workshops (November & December 2011; January & March 2012). From these training workshops, youth participants formed 6 community nutrition teams on Oahu, 4 on the Big Island, and two on Maui to conduct their own nutrition education events. A total of 2078 youth and 170 adults carried out nutrition education events across three islands. An analysis of the 1500 surveys, youth developed nutrition activities, photos and analysis of the pre-post surveys are to be completed this year. A review of the creative nutrition education educational events and pre-post data involved in the Fueling for Health nutritional workshops will be conducted to determine how nutrition tools and activities could be adapted for different age target groups, and with youth in their own communities. Examples of Fueling for Health events across Hawaii include: Using MyPlate to make healthy choices, that included portion sizes and food groups, healthy modification of family recipes and shared these dishes with family and friends; conducted wellness fairs, modified world recipe and harvested vegetables for these dishes; healthy lifestyle promotion- eating, a positive attitude, and physical activity; linked deficiencies of Omega-3 fatty acids with learning disabilities or depression in teens. This information would be used to further develop a MyPlate nutrition education tools and exercises for a variety of audiences and communities.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
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Progress 10/01/10 to 09/30/11
Outputs
OUTPUTS: This year was spent examining or developing appropriate nutrition tools to examine health beliefs and lifestyle practices that are transmitted across generations of young, middle aged and elderly women in Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander families. The PI and her team searched for nutrition tools that would be culturally appropriate and responsive to the range and variability of health literacy across young, middle and elderly adults in Pacific Islander families. Use of the food pyramid generated health literacy issues, was confusing to older people, and culture bound issues. Once the MyPlate USDA nutrition symbol and philosophical shift was announced in June 2011, the research team quickly created a MyPlate nutrition tool that would be more responsive to health literacy issues for our examination of health beliefs and lifestyles in Pacific Islander families. An IRB was submitted and approved with the MyPlate nutrition activities and other nutrition tools for three adult and female generations of Pacific Islander families. A full research protocol was developed this year. Delay in the actual data collection occurred while logistics of participant retention incentives were resolved. Ohana (Family) Health Talk Story Wellness Day. Each Health Family Talk Story Wellness day included review and signing of participant consent, individual interviews and collection of 2 day food diet records history with everyday favorite and holiday menus including a dinner entree recipe samples from each menu from each family member. Separate interviews for each family member in the morning , lunch break, and Ohana (Family) Health Talk Story focus group session. During the Ohana Talk Story Session, the Grandmother, Mother and GrandDaughter gather together to discuss and come to family consensus regarding: 1) top Family Health and Wellness Strategies; 2) Primary and Effective Mode of transmission and teaching of Health and Wellness traditions to younger family members; and 3) Ohana feedback regarding how society can more effectively help families to promote the health and wellness of their own family members. Family Health and Wellness Assessment Instruments Questionnaire and Survey Packet Selection and development of nutrition protocol and s instruments have been finalized and include the following Health Beliefs and Lifestyle practices nutrition tools: 1) food and nutrition ; 2) physical activity; 3) coping strategies to deal with stressors; 4) strategies to keep their mind sharp; and 5) strategies to maintain positive family relationships. Demographic and basic anthropometry data will be collected for each participant (height, weight, waist measurement, age), with health status and health lifestyle status; two consecutive days of a food diary; My Plate Portions and Everyday Menu and Holiday Menu and Healthstyle (1981, Public Health Service, US. Department of Health and Human Services) with six lifestyle domains (i.e., 2 smoking, 3 alcohol and drugs, 1 medication safety, 4 nutrition/ food, 1 weight, 3 exercise, 1 job, 2 stress items, 2 social network, 5 safety items). PARTICIPANTS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period. TARGET AUDIENCES: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Review of age and culturally appropriate nutrition tools delayed data collection project. Data collection phase delayed due to logistical problems related to participant retention incentive payments. This problem was resolved in July. Delay of the data collec tion allowed inclusion and creation of USDA MyPlate tools as of June 2011.
Impacts
Contacts and discussions were made with department, college, State and national organizations who either conducted nutrition research or nutrition extension activities, and other non-nutrition community partners such as 4-H youth faculty and 4-H, FCE and FCLE organizations to collaborate on this and future research and extension projects. As a result of this contact, the PI served as Co-PI with Dr. Gary Heusel in a successful grant application securing a $50,000 grant from Walmart entitled "Fueling for Health". Some of the nutrition tools (e.g., MyPlate nutrition activities, Family legacy Holiday and Everyday menus recipes ) developed for adults in the current project were proposed for the educational and training community outreach for promotion of healthy nutrition and training project with 4-H youth and other community partners. After the nutrition training and education session with MyPlate activities, the 4-H youth and their adult volunteers will be asked to develop innovative MyPlate nutritional activities for younger people across the state (elementary, middle school and higher school youth).
Publications
- No publications reported this period
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Progress 10/01/09 to 09/30/10
Outputs
OUTPUTS: There were two major goals for this integrated Hatch project. First, this project sought to better integrate research, instruction and extension collaborations to improve the health and wellness in Asian and Pacific Islander families. To support this goal, the author sought potential multidisciplinary research and family health partners from within the department, college, university, government and Hawaii community organizations with a mission that were aligned with the goals of this project. Potential partners were identified by their strengths and resources for collaborators on this project--educational interventions for circumventing predisease pathways among Asian and Pacific Islander families. The PI reviewed relevant course offerings at the University of Hawaii for faculty and student partners in developing research and course projects related to Asian and Pacific Islander family health and wellness. Interested partners will collaborate and form recruitment teams for specific ethnic groups of Asian or Pacific Islander families. Class projects could be used to develop community based recruitment strategies and conduct research with Asian and Pacific Island families, provide outreach and dissemination for health and wellness educational materials and interventions. One important component of this project is the connection with the extension agents, community networks, and outreach tools across Hawaii counties. Other extension agents 4-H and adult FCE or FCL councils across the state who could solicit family recruitment, provide health dissemination and be community research partners for this API Family Health and Wellness program. Potential research and outreach partners have been identified for this project. The second goal of this project was to develop a pilot study to: explore potential recruitment strategies for three generational Asian and Pacific Islander females and families; and identification and/or development of health beliefs and wellness tools for three generational families (i.e., young adult females, middle aged adult females and elderly adult female relatives). During this first year, the PI spent time reviewing the scientific literature, specifically regarding health status by generation and gender in Asian and Pacific Islander (API) families. The PI searched and reviewed national and state data on health status with health indicators and measurement tools. Health beliefs and lifestyle practice assessment tools were reviewed in the following domains: food and nutrition; physical activity; stress coping strategies; brain and mind exercises; positive family relationship practices. The PI reviewed the scientific literature with the following selection criteria in mind: 1) Have the health beliefs and lifestyle practice assessment tools been used and reliable for low literate, limited speaking English groups Men and Women Young, Middle age and Elderly age groups; 2) What assessment tools can be used in a short time period and still give reliable results; 3) What recruitment strategies would solicit greater yield for female three generational families. PARTICIPANTS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period. TARGET AUDIENCES: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: The shift in RA resources for the PI created a problem with data entry after the Fall 2010 (originally proposed as paper data collection and entered at a later date by RA in Year Two and Three). As important, the SPSS Data Entry Program no longer existed (early Summer 2010). This project was reconceptualized and created an opportunity to electronically input data electronically into SPSS directly from the four onsite data collection computers in the field emerged as the best solution for these issues. Four laptops are needed to collect data (3 simultaneous individual interviews with young, middle age and elderly female participants) and for Ohana (Family) Talk Story focus group in the field. Three interviewer laptops are needed because 3 simultaneous, but separate individual interviews will be conducted with a young adult, middle age, and elderly adult family members are collected in the morning session. The Ohana Talk Story session will occur with all three generations in the same session, the PI will document general conversations and the three interviewers (young adult, middle age and elderly) will document target responses from their interviewee as the session proceeds. In this manner, the Ohana Talk Story session will be reconstructed with three generational perspectives and a focus group perspective transcripts. These 3 onsite interviewers laptops loaded with SPSS interviewer data entry system on each laptop will collect the data for that participant via SPSS Data Collection Interviewer software and the PI will transfer this data to PI's field laptop that will serve as the central database from each separate field laptop and central data analysis computer. The new SPSS Data Collection suite allows the PI to author and create this survey data base on field laptops. The survey and SPSS database will be loaded into the three generational laptops and SPSS will automatically capture this data into a data base. The individual generational data collect data onsite in the field simultaneously by interviewers in separate rooms (with young adult, middle age and elderly family female members). This opportunity was not available when the PI proposed the original budget. In order to shift how the data was collected and entered into a SPSS data based the following project and budget changes were made: 1)In order for site interviewers to directly collect and electronically enter data on site, four laptops will be needed onsite to collect data and the data entry will be captured directly into the SPSS interviewer protocol and then transferred into a central SPSS data base. These sessions will occur simultaneously, but individually with each generation and the fourth will be needed during the Ohana Talk Story session to document qualitative data from the focus group session by generation and overall; 2) Travel to American Psychological Association to see trends in how this software is being used with onsite simultaneous data collection in the field; and 3) Pilot data collection and costs will be shifted to Year Two and some Ohana data collection/costs will be shifted to year three to accommodate the budgetary limit of $10,000/yr
Impacts
Analysis of the scientific literature and assessment tools with reliability and validity for Asian or Pacific Islander female population is limited (e.g., review of hundreds of citations for each life domain to be examined and potential assessment tools). Pilots to establish psychometric properties of these tools must be conducted in API families in Hawaii (i.e., specifically across genders and age groups, with consideration for low literacy and limited English skills among some female family members). After this intensive review, the PI determined that a mixed methods approach would be most helpful since most of the scientific literature were based upon data from individuals. This mixed methods approach would blend short assessment tools and qualitative open ended questions soliciting culturally based life domain content, health beliefs or lifestyle practices not yet identified by the scientific literature on Asian and Pacific Islander families. The Family as a recruitment strategy and unit of analysis/measurement was rare in the literature because it is more difficult and complex. The Family research and health education intervention strategy may yield fruitful data regarding intergenerational transmission of lifestyle practices within families that are based on culture, acculturation, neighborhood resources and limitations that impinge upon any family and community health education or resulting interventions. A variety of field computer equipment compatible with the SPSS data entry software were reviewed and purchased for field collection of family data to make the data management more efficient given limited RA resources. The PI decided that each field computer would be loaded with the SPSS Data Entry programs and survey data templates. This decision was made so that the family data collected at field sites could be entered directly into field computers loaded with SPSS data bases and then field data uploaded to a master computer. After purchasing this new SPSS Data Entry software, the PI began to learn how to use this new software. IRB preparation was started and will be submitted after instrumentation is finalized and prior to pilot testing of family recruitment strategies, survey tools/instruments, and data collection planned for Year Two and Three. The final research methodology (i.e., recruitment strategies, specific measurement tools, and data entry methods), was not completed in the first year. It is premature to report findings, results, techniques or products developed in this first year. After initial pilot testing, of health beliefs and lifestyle practices (i.e., food and nutrition; physical activity, stress coping strategies; mind and brain exercises to keep sharp; strategies for maintenance of positive family relationships) health and wellness tools and survey instruments tested to address adaptation for young, middle aged and elderly adults with possible low literacy and limited English speaking issues in mind. Key scientific bibliography, resource websites, health and wellness tools, websites will be shared with potential research and outreach partners.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
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