Source: UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA submitted to NRP
DEVELOPMENT OF AN ONLINE CULTURE AND MORPHOLOGY IMAGE REFERENCE TOOL FOR DIAGNOSTICIANS AND IDENTIFIERS
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
COMPLETE
Funding Source
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
0219043
Grant No.
2009-41530-05609
Cumulative Award Amt.
(N/A)
Proposal No.
2009-00833
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Project Start Date
Aug 15, 2009
Project End Date
Aug 14, 2011
Grant Year
2009
Program Code
[QQ.S]- Integrated Pest Management - South Region
Recipient Organization
UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
G022 MCCARTY HALL
GAINESVILLE,FL 32611
Performing Department
Plant Pathology
Non Technical Summary
This is an Extension project; the funding request is limited to two years. Proper identification is the first step to selecting the best IPM option for a given pest, increasing the number of options for best management, and decreasing the chance of off-target management ramifications. Often, diagnosticians turn to online searches for relevant images to assist them with their identifications. A multitude of image libraries and databases exist in the US and abroad, several of which include images of plant diseases and/or pests (Bugwood, PDIS, PADIL). However, these databases house relatively few images of morphologic diagnostic features such as close-ups of symptoms, culture plates, spores, mycelia, are narrowly-focused to a few high-impact organisms of regulatory significance (Systematic Mycology and Biology Laboratory database), or contain few images with relevance to southeastern US agriculture. We propose to fill this void at the request of our Southern Plant Diagnostic Network (SPDN) members, and to make these images available through existing oft-used venues such as IPMimages.org (part of the Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health and IPMimages, University of Georgia) and DDIS (through the University of Florida). It is the intent of this proposal to i) fine-tune search mechanisms for existing databases relevant to the project (IPMimages and DDIS), ii) develop and upload new region-specific images and iii) provide the accompanying customer support to bring in additional relevant diagnostic lab images efficiently. The proposed effort represents an enhancement to the Bugwood Network and SPDN public resources with a finite timeline. We plan to leverage existing support for diagnostician training and educational content development with the proposed budget to accomplish the project goals and accelerate the availability of deliverables (pathogen morphology and symptom-specific image collections relevant to southeastern US agriculture and ecosystems). Proper identification is the first step to selecting the best IPM option for a given pest, increasing the number of options for best management, and decreasing the chance of off-target management ramifications.
Animal Health Component
100%
Research Effort Categories
Basic
(N/A)
Applied
100%
Developmental
(N/A)
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
2122410110015%
2122410110110%
2122410110275%
Goals / Objectives
Objectives and Impacts: 1.Capture existing regional sample data in high-resolution image form 2.Increase the utility of existing image databases with new image collections including cultures, symptoms, and anatomical and morphological indicators. 3.Develop a federal search feature to incorporate images from DDIS and Bugwood in a single search and link culture media notes to existing recipes and protocols within the SPDN and Bugwood websites Impacts upon completion of listed objectives: 1.Documentation of existing samples and diagnoses augments deliverables of the SPDN hub laboratory, increasing visibility of productive members of the Network and UF 2.Diagnosticians, specialists, and county agents decrease time spent on individual samples, and their value to their clientele increases. Accurate identification leads to proper management recommendations from within the existing IPM strategy. 3.Development of a search tool requires less time and IT resources than development of new software to link both databases or to enter images into both databases. End-users reap benefits of a larger data set, using a search interface they are already familiar with.
Project Methods
Approach and Procedures: To upload pictures to the IPM images database from the plant clinic at UF we will use a Leica DM2500 compound microscope, Leica MZ16 stereo microscope, and Micro Publisher 5.0 RTV, 5 mega pixel CCD Color-Bayer Mosaic camera, and software. Sample photographs: 1.Macroscopic image of sample 2.Low-power light microscope image 3.High-power light microscope images of visible structures prior to culture 4.Samples will be plated onto culture media and at least two more images will be collected: a.Macroscopic image of culture plate (accompanying information will include media type used, length of time for culture to grow, temperature and light conditions; media names may be cross-referenced to the Media Cookbook within the Bugwood Wiki and/or the Protocols and Recipes within the SPDN portal) b.Microscopic images of mycelia, spores, bacterial colonies, etc. During year one of the project images will be accumulated from submitted samples at the Plant Disease Clinic in Gainesville. This includes working with diagnosticians and other personnel to make sure that the submitted images are correctly identified and labeled conforming to the standards already in place. The images will then be submitted to DDIS to undergo an existing review process (subject matter experts currently review each image or image set submitted to the DDIS database to ensure the accuracy of the identifying information accompanying the image, as well as the image quality and utility to end-users). After acceptance of the images into the DDIS Media Library, the images will be available to search via the Bugwood website interface. New images will be analyzed by IT contacts at CISEH for resolution and formatting. If year one shows utility of the image collections then during year two the hub labs for each of the five NPDN regions will be involved, as well as the SPDN laboratories. The laboratories have already indicated their willingness to participate. Evaluation Plans: 1.Survey of diagnosticians within our region via a phone survey and a follow-up online survey. We will set the bar at 50% of our member diagnosticians accessing the resources in Year 1, and 80% in Year 2. We plan to collect qualitative data from the surveys including which collections were most useful, what organisms might be missing from the collections, and other input to increase the utility of the image library. 2.Analysis of usage statistics from the Bugwood and DDIS Media Library sites. We can track use of specific resources within large portals and websites to focus our attention on the relevant pages that include our image collections. We can then fine-tune the data we draw on by focusing on the US and specific regions by noting the IP addresses of our visitors While we acknowledge that this is not fool-proof, it does produce a useful measure of local access. 3.We will solicit feedback during face-to-face meetings of the SPDN and NPDN members, during which time we will demonstrate the image collection access, review process, and the option to add their images to the collection.

Progress 08/15/09 to 08/14/11

Outputs
OUTPUTS: Activities: Trained students to culture, photograph, research, and verify several dozen organisms. This work is ongoing, even after termination of the project. These images are now being used to train students in the Professional Internship in the Plant Disease Clinic at UF (graduate-level internship course) and are being utilized in training programs throughout the Western hemisphere as part of the International Plant Diagnostic Network to train new diagnosticians. Products There are 164 images from this project currently available to the public. The images have been viewed 18,524 times via the Bugwood Image Database. The images that are available to the public can be found in the following image collection: http://www.ipmimages.org/collections/viewcollection.cfmid=70215. Dissemination: During five separate diagnostic training sessions in the Caribbean and Central America, trainees were trained to utilize the Bugwood Image Database, and to specifically look for images from the culture collection image series. Trainees were encouraged to submit their own images via the project director, and were queried on other organisms that they would like to see included in the image collection; we are working to include those now as appropriate samples come into the laboratory. The Bugwood Image Database is a publicly-accessible database of images; email notifications were sent to stakeholders to inform them of the new image collection within the database, and to remind them how to access the images, search for images, etc. to maximize their utility. PARTICIPANTS: Carrie Lapaire Harmon, Project Director, Director of the Plant Disease Clinic, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611. The Project Director instructed part-time student helpers and staff to prepare and photograph fungal and bacterial cultures at appropriate growth stages. Additionally, the PD reviewed and corrected images and captions, and entered the final image sets into the Bugwood Image Database. Joseph LaForest, University of Georgia, Tifton, Georgia. Mr. LaForest facilitated the development of the culture collection section of the database, developed the IT infrastructure to handle the review, labeling, and public dissemination of the images, and has also facilitated conference calls with initiate a new, larger regional project to build on the success of this original project. Training opportunities have been provided through the UF Plant Disease Clinic to train graduate and undergraduate students to culture and photograph fungi and acteria from diagnostic samples. Additionally, five training sessions provided diagnostic staff in the Caribbean and Central America with tools to improve diagnosis of plant pathogens by utilizing the image collection and the wider database. TARGET AUDIENCES: Our target audience continues to include extension and pest management professionals, targeting plant diagnosticians specifically. Our efforts to increase the availability of diagnostic images for training of new diagnosticians will continue, even though this project has terminated. Indeed, the success of this project has increased the demand for such resources to be integrated into training programs across the country. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.

Impacts
Utilization of the image collection has improved the diagnostic ability of students undertaking the Professional Internship in the Plant Disease Clinic at the University of Florida. Informal discussions with diagnosticians in the National Plant Diagnostic Network indicate they, too are using this resource and the wider Bugwood Image Database regularly as a way to augment their image resources for diagnostic training and plant problem diagnosis for extension and research clientele. This improvement in diagnostic infrastructure will continue to have impact as traditionally-trained mycologists and other subject-matter experts retire and their expertise is no longer available to the diagnostic community. There have been 11 formal requests to use images from this collection for publications. These publications range from extension articles to identification posters and webpages. This extends the reach of our project's outcomes and increases the impact of this work.These tools will continue to be utilized by users at many levels of diagnostic expertise including farmers, extension agents, first detectors, crop consultants, diagnosticians, port identifiers and plant biosecurity educators. The success of this project led to a group of coordinated proposals to better illustrate the pathogens of importance to each of three regions while also encouraging inter-region communication to ensure that work was complementary rather than redundant. Two of these proposals were fully funded while the third was approved at reduced funding, all through regional IPM centers.

Publications

  • No publications reported this period


Progress 08/15/09 to 08/14/10

Outputs
OUTPUTS: This project was funded by a seed grant ($25,000 total over 2 years) from the Southern Region IPM Center to the Southern Plant Diagnostic Network hub laboratory at the University of Florida in 2009. The objectives of this project are to capture images of fungi from samples submitted to the SPDN hub laboratory, submit those images to relevant media libraries, especially IPM images (Bugwood), and provide information to accompany the images to enable diagnosticians in the region and other regions to use these images as laboratory-relevant diagnostic references and training tools for students and new diagnosticians. It is the intent of the project PI, Carrie L. Harmon, to continue to submit images to this collection after the grant expires, and to encourage other diagnosticians to submit their images to augment this resource. Specific outputs of the project so far include a format for collection and submission of images and their accompanying descriptive data, nearly one-hundred images available in this specific collection (accessible at http://www.ipmimages.org/collections/viewcollection.cfmid=70215) and a new multi-state, multi-region, multi-institution grant proposal submitted in November 2010, based on the results of the seed grant. PARTICIPANTS: Proximal to the Caribbean and stretching from Texas to Virginia, the SPDN comprises subtropical to temperate climates and crops as diverse as sugarcane, peaches, soybeans, ornamentals and vegetables. In addition to support of training efforts for diagnosticians and identifiers throughout the region, the SPDN is responsible for processing samples for the southeast US and the rest of the contiguous US when needed.. The SPDN has networked and strengthened the laboratories at each member institution, and will continue to encourage the incorporation of additional images in each state. Carrie Lapaire Harmon serves as project director and primary image reviewer. Ms. Rachel Brown was the hourly worker who was taking photographs and entering notes throughout most of 2010. Mr. Sam Glucksman, a Doctor of Plant Medicine student, has taken over that aspect of the project as part of his work in the Plant Disease Clinic. Mr. Joseph LaForest, at the University of Georgia, is the database manager for IPM Images.org (the Bugwood image resource). TARGET AUDIENCES: While the project is targets to diagnosticians in plant problem laboratories, we foresee this resource being utilized by plant health students, extension personnel, and specialists. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.

Impacts
NPDN Diagnosticians, crop consultants, and other IPM practitioners are faced with the challenge of identifying plant pathogens that are affecting agricultural commodities. Accurate and rapid identification of these organisms is dependent on having the right expertise and references available. The efficiency of identification and reporting to the IPM Practitioner managing the crop has direct impacts on the management choices available as well as the sample processing capacity of that diagnostic lab. Annotated image series for a disease can be used to direct an individual through the diagnostic process and help confirm a suspected diagnosis. They would also be useful for illustrating many other resources including IPM Crop profiles/PMSPs and plant pathology education resources for extension agents, farmers, new diagnosticians, and future IPM Practitioners. Specific impacts of this project so far include student interns utilizing online resource to assist with diagnosis and the UF entomology lab submitting image collection now, encouraged by the success of our project.

Publications

  • No publications reported this period