Source: UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA submitted to NRP
THE ARIZONA PEST MANAGEMENT CENTER: IMPLEMENTING IPM IN DIVERSE ENVIRONMENTS OF ARIZONA
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
COMPLETE
Funding Source
3D GRANT
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
0218605
Grant No.
2009-41534-05505
Cumulative Award Amt.
$181,000.00
Proposal No.
2009-00608
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Project Start Date
Aug 1, 2009
Project End Date
Jul 31, 2011
Grant Year
2009
Program Code
[QQIPM]- Extension Integrated Pest Management - Coordination
Recipient Organization
UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
888 N EUCLID AVE
TUCSON,AZ 85719-4824
Performing Department
Maricopa Ag Center
Non Technical Summary
Arizona is characterized by extremely productive irrigated agricultural lands, unique flora and fauna, extreme and sensitive environments, and large urban centers made-up of transplanted people and cultures. In 2007, agricultural receipts totaled over $3.5 billion. Our diverse stakeholders require information on the safe and effective management of pests including ways to reduce risks to human health and the environment while sustaining economically viable industry in our state. At the University of Arizona, we have limited and shrinking human and fiscal resources available to address these needs. Through our reorganization of IPM efforts, coordinated under the Arizona Pest Management Center, we have developed an effective mechanism to leverage and maximize the impact of our limited resources. The APMC was formed in response to stakeholders' demands for greater transparency, engagement and relevance, and more state-based investment in IPM. With the formation of the APMC, we are well positioned to strengthen and expand our capacity to support IPM implementation in agricultural, natural and urban environments and to systematically measure the economic and environmental impacts of our programs. The APMC provides proven support for stakeholder engagement, needs assessment, strategic planning, outreach and evaluation of IPM in all our systems. It is a structure that both our faculty and partner organizations have embraced. Our goal is to create a working environment in which the science and implementation of IPM can thrive in Arizona. Our coordinated IPM program includes areas of emphasis in agronomic crops, high value crops, pest diagnostics, school IPM, recreational IPM and Urban IPM. In each of these areas, we identify stakeholder needs and priorities, collaborate to develop extension programs based on applied research and science-based information, deliver information to clientele through multiple channels and methods, and evaluate the adoption and impact of those IPM programs using in-house tools including annual stakeholder surveys and a pesticide use reporting database. In the past, we have used these tools to estimate that, in cotton alone since 1995 over $200 million has been saved in arthropod control costs and associated yield loss. Anticipated impacts of this one-year project include $10 million saved in pesticide use and yield loss in cotton, greater adoption of reduced-risk technologies, and over 300,000 children impacted by safer IPM programs in their schools. The expected impact of our overall efforts is increased implementation of IPM in all areas of emphasis and the environmental, economic and human health benefits that flow from that.
Animal Health Component
100%
Research Effort Categories
Basic
(N/A)
Applied
100%
Developmental
(N/A)
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
2112410107020%
2116050107015%
2122410107015%
2126050107010%
2132410107010%
2136050107010%
7212410107010%
7216050107010%
Knowledge Area
212 - Pathogens and Nematodes Affecting Plants; 211 - Insects, Mites, and Other Arthropods Affecting Plants; 213 - Weeds Affecting Plants; 721 - Insects and Other Pests Affecting Humans;

Subject Of Investigation
2410 - Cross-commodity research--multiple crops; 6050 - Communities, areas, and regions;

Field Of Science
1070 - Ecology;
Goals / Objectives
Our goal is to create a working environment in which the science and implementation of IPM can thrive in Arizona. The expected outcome of our overall efforts is increased implementation of IPM in all program areas and the environmental, economic and human health benefits that flow from that. Expected outputs by area of emphasis. (1) Coordination: significantly leveraged resources for IPM; improved communication and coordination of programs and partnerships; improved documentation of outcomes; and transparency. (2) Collaboration: stakeholder-informed regulatory decision-making that considers real world concerns of pest managers in diverse environments; a pesticide use reporting database that will support IPM assessment goals. (3) Agronomic: An agronomic crops IPM stakeholder survey and report will be posted to the APMC website, identifying research and education priorities for IPM in agronomic crops, including future directions for Extension program development. (4) High Value Crops: On farm demonstration workshops / meetings for high value crops will be held in Yuma, Pinal and Maricopa Counties, including 3 on-farm cotton demos; Over 50 IPM hrs (i.e., CEUs) will be conveyed via trainings statewide; New and revised education materials including at least 1 IPM Series publication, one updated IPM Guideline, one IPM Reference Guide and / or Pesticide & IPM Fact Sheets, and 1 manual for training & licensing new cotton PCAs; 1 peer-reviewed cotton report; one completed Cotton PMSP; re-established biweekly Desert Vegetable Advisory web-based newsletter; conduct 2 weed management demonstrations in pecans; deliver presentations to AZ Pecan Growers Association; 2 Extension publications on pecan weed management; various popular press articles. (5) Consumer / Urban IPM: 3 educational presentations to landscape and horticulture industry professionals throughout the state; presentations delivered via internet and in person (as funding allows) to train Master Gardeners; expanded horticulture website to include 2 new sections; 2 Extension bulletins and 2 research-based articles in trade journals. The last 3 emphasis areas did not receive funding in the recommended EIPM budget presented by the review panel. However, we intend to minimally fund these areas through carry-over funds and anticipate the following deliverables. (6) Pest Diagnostics: Maintain and update UA Extension Plant Pathology database and Western and National Plant Diagnostics Network database for all diagnostic samples; continue to process samples statewide. (7) IPM in Schools: Expand the network of school IPM partners to enhance capacity for school IPM education; encourage AZ agency participation in the Western School IPM work group; expand access to school IPM resources through the web; and publish at least 1 popular press article to increase demand for school IPM. (8) IPM on Recreational Lands: Complete draft of Desert Turf Pest Management Strategic Plan; conduct at least 2 training events incorporating IPM elements; deliver research-based information to clientele through a Turfgrass, Landscape and Urban IPM Research Summary published online.
Project Methods
The Arizona Pest Management Center (APMC) is the coordinating mechanism for these activities. The IPM Coordinator (Ellsworth), IPM Program Manager (Fournier) and a multidisciplinary IPM Coordinating Committee will allocate resources, plan and coordinate all IPM activities. The IPM Coordinator has statewide responsibility for all IPM programs, manages resources, convenes the IPM Coordinating Committee, and submits federal reports. The IPM Program Manager manages the daily APMC activities, including communication and faculty support for needs assessment activities, proposal development and program evaluation. He also coordinates in-state and multi-state collaborations. The APMC is organized into "focal areas" that reflect both our internal strengths and priority needs as determined through stakeholder engagement. Within each focal area, program teams actively develop, manage, support and implement UA's IPM programs. Our methods for implementing the objectives of this grant can be generalized across emphasis areas as consisting of 4 types of activities: stakeholder engagement, program development, including translational research, program delivery through outreach and education, and program evaluation. Various methods will be used across each type of activity. An example of stakeholder engagement is the agronomic crops needs assessment in which we will conduct a survey to identify stakeholder priorities related to IPM for agronomic crops. However, stakeholder engagement occurs across all emphasis areas and includes open discussion at meetings, advisory groups and committees, focus groups, participatory research, pest management strategic plans and informal dialog with stakeholders. Program development includes applied research activities engaged in by specialists and agents to develop science-based solutions to stakeholder needs. Development of specific program outputs is facilitated through internal working groups that meet regularly to share research results and plan program outputs. Program delivery occurs through diverse outreach and education mechanisms, including Extension publications, IPM guidelines, fact sheets, newsletters, trade and popular press articles, online publications and informational websites, face-to-face workshops, meetings and short courses, hands-on demonstrations conducted in urban, agricultural or natural settings, and efforts are magnified through volunteer education (e.g., Master Gardeners). Outcomes measurement and IPM assessment is a major focal area for the APMC. In the area of high-value IPM, we will engage stakeholders in a crop pest losses and impact assessment process in at least 7 workshops/yr that help us identify IPM program impacts. We also have the capacity to do extensive agricultural IPM assessment through a statewide pesticide use reporting database that can identify changes in pest management practices and behaviors over time. In all other emphasis areas, the APMC provides resources and expertise to support IPM program evaluation through surveys, pre-and-post measurements, and other methodologies as appropriate to each area.

Progress 08/01/09 to 07/31/11

Outputs
(N/A)

Impacts
Coordination and Collaboration. We significantly leveraged resources to accomplish EIPM program goals. For FY 2010 we secured about $1.1 million in competitive grants and other resources directly related to IPM research and outreach. This included over $900,000 in federal grants, $37,200 in Western IPM Center grants, over $98,000 in state grants, and nearly $60,000 in other resources. The new historical pesticide use database has improved responses to information requests and documentation of extension program outcomes and impacts. Collaborative responses to federal information requests included critical analyses of stakeholder use and concerns regarding pesticide registration issues and stakeholder input on EPA priorities. Data we developed influenced the extended phase out of endosulfan in certain crops. Agronomic Crops IPM. The Agronomic IPM Leadership Team reviewed results from an IPM needs assessment for field crops and developed a logic model for program activities and impacts. High Value Vegetable IPM. Attendance at Vegetable IPM Extension meetings has increased and listserv membership for Veg IPM updates has doubled in one year. Stakeholders have many positive comments about the quality and relevancy of our outputs. Two regional agricultural publications, Western Farm Press, and Western Agri-Radio Network have distributed certain Veg IPM Updates to well over 1000 subscribers. Economic impacts will be quantified once we have collected 3 years worth of survey data from end users at Crop Pest Losses workshops. High Value Cotton IPM. We reached over 120 end users with IPM information and influenced over 50 scientists worldwide through invited seminars, published papers, proceedings, and abstracts. A report we developed for Arizona Cotton Growers Association resulted in lower technology fees for Bt cotton to Arizona growers in 2011. Cotton insecticide usage continues at historically low levels at an average 1.5 sprays for all arthropod pests over the last 6 years, reducing insecticide loads on the environment by over 1.6 million lbs ai annually and saving growers over $10 million annually. We have seen rapid adoption of a new reduced-risk insecticides and a reduction in broad-spectrum sprays for management of Lygus in cotton. In 2006, 0% all Lygus-targeted insecticides were Carbine. This grew to ca. 52% in 2007, ca. 75% in 2008, ca. 81% in 2009. By 2010, 88% of all cotton insecticides used were either fully (61%) or partially (27%) selective. Clients credit the cotton IPM research & outreach program for this rapid change over. Other IPM programs. Through workshop evaluations, we measured significant increases in clientele knowledge of IPM principles and practices as a result of training. Typically, over 90% of participants indicated that they would adopt at least one new practice as a result of Extension education programs. We re-engaged local school districts on IPM and bed bug monitoring and remediation practices, preventing school fumigation for bed bugs and saving one site over $15,000.

Publications

  • Ellsworth, P.C. When is Done is done Making late season insect control decisions. 2010. Presented at Late Season Production Meeting, Parker, AZ. 8/13/10. (Published, annotated presentation.) http://ag.arizona.edu/crops/presentations/10Parker_LT_decisionsvF2lo. pdf
  • Ellsworth, P.C. 2010. Section IIA, Invertebrates: Insect Management on Cotton (pp. IIA1 to IIA69). In Arizona PCA Study Manual. Preparatory materials for the Arizona Pest Control Advisor License, ed. by Fournier A., Peterson J. & Reding J., Arizona Crop Protection Association, 574 pp.
  • Ellsworth, P.C. 2010. Lygus in Cotton No. 4: Chemical Control Termination Guidelines (Draft). University of Arizona Cooperative Extension Circular (peer reviewed), 2 pp. Available at: http://ag.arizona.edu/crops/presentations/DRAFT_LT_guide2-pg.pdf
  • Ellsworth, P.C. Pink Bollworm Control Costs & Value of Bt Technologies to AZ Cotton Growers. 2010. Report to AZ Cotton Growers Association & reprinted in ACGA newsletter, and submitted to Monsanto Company, 4 pp.
  • Ellsworth, P.C., S. Li, B. Tabashnik, J. Holloway, R. Humphries. 2011. Pink bollworm efficacy dynamics in TwinlinkTM cotton. Beltwide Cotton Conference Proceedings, National Cotton Council, in press.
  • Ellsworth, P.C., J. Palumbo, A. Fournier, X. Li, S. Naranjo. 2010. Whitefly Management: Multi-Crop Systems. IRAC Symposium, Understanding and Capitalizing on Agricultural Biodiversity in IPM/IRM, Entomological Society of America, San Diego, CA. 12/14/10 (invited). (Published, annotated presentation.) http://ag.arizona.edu/crops/presentations/10ESA_IRAC_Bemisia7Flo.pdf
  • Fournier, A., J. Peterson & J. Reding, eds. 2010. Arizona Pest Control Advisor Study Manual: Preparatory Materials for the Arizona Pest Control Advisors License. Arizona Crop Protection Association. (Peer Reviewed)
  • Gouge, D.H. 2010. School Pest Press: August 2010 Issue, featuring Head Lice, in English and in Spanish. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. (IPM Newsletter for School Personnel). http://ag.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/Septemberbedbugs.pdf http://ag.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/AZ_August_HeadLice_2010_Spanish.pdf
  • Bealmear. S. R. 2010. Whitefly Pest Control Survey of Homeowners and Ornamental Plants. In Proceedings, 2010 American Society for Horticultural Science, 143:139. Palm Desert, CA. August, 2010.
  • Bealmear, S. R. 2010. Fungus Gnat Integrated Pest Management. Fact Sheet. University of University of Arizona Cooperative Extension, Publication AZ1531. http://cals.arizona.edu/pubs/insects/az1531.pdf
  • Bealmear, S.R. 2010. IPM for the Home Gardener. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension, Publication AZ1521 http://cals.arizona.edu/pubs/insects/az1521.pdf
  • Brown, P.W., P.C. Ellsworth, M. Olsen, J. Silvertooth, R. Tronstad. 2010. Stub Cotton Production in Arizona. A Review and Feasibility Study. An invited analysis by the Arizona Cotton Growers Association. 29 pp.
  • Dillard, A. 2010. Mulch Matters. Southwest Trees and Turf. Vol 17(8):1, 10.
  • Gouge, D.H. 2010. School Pest Press: September 2010 Issue, featuring Bed Bugs, in English. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. (IPM Newsletter for School Personnel). http://ag.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/Septemberbedbugs.pdf
  • Gouge, D.H. 2010. School Pest Press: October 2010 Issue, featuring Mice and Rats, in English. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. (IPM Newsletter for School Personnel). http://ag.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/October_mice_and_rats.pdf
  • Gouge, D.H. 2010. School Pest Press: December 2010 Issue, featuring Pigeons in English. UA Cooperative Extension. (IPM Newsletter for School Personnel). http://ag.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/Pigeons_at_School.pdf
  • Kelly, J. 2010. Diagnosing Problems of Roses in the Landscape. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension, Publication AZ1528 http://cals.arizona.edu/pubs/garden/az1528.pdf
  • Fournier, A., P.C. Ellsworth, J. Palumbo. 2010. Arid Southwest IPM Network website. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension, Arizona Pest Management Center. http://ag.arizona.edu/apmc/Arid_SWPMC_Info_Requests.html.
  • Fournier, A., P.C. Ellsworth, R. Gibson, R. Norton, K. Nolte, S. Wang, E. Taylor and L. Masters. 2010. Agronomic Crops IPM Needs Assessment, Preliminary Data and Report. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension, Arizona Pest Management Center. http://cals.arizona.edu/apmc/agronomic_ipm.html.
  • Naranjo, S.E. and P. C. Ellsworth. 2010. Fourteen years of Bt cotton advances IPM in Arizona. Southwest. Entomol. 35: 437-444.
  • Olsen, M.W. 2011. True Mistletoes. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension, Publication AZ1308 (revised). http://cals.arizona.edu/pubs/diseases/az1308.pdf
  • Olsen, M.W. 2011. Verticillium Wilt. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension, Publication AZ1034 (revised). http://cals.arizona.edu/pubs/crops/az1034.pdf
  • Pena, M., J.C. Palumbo, M. Matheron, B. Tickes, K. Nolte. 2010. Vegetable IPM Updates. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. (Biweekly IPM advisories.) http://ag.arizona.edu/crops/vegetables/advisories/advisories.html
  • Richards, T. J., P. C. Ellsworth, R. Tronstad and S. E. Naranjo. 2010. Market-based instruments for the optimal control of invasive species: Bemisia tabaci in Arizona. J. Agric. Resource Econ. 35: 349-367.
  • Richardson, J.M., B.A. Castro, J.D. Thomas, P.C. Ellsworth, L.D. Godfrey & D.L. Kerns. 2011. TransformTM: field performance against Lygus Hesperus in cotton. Beltwide Cotton Conference Proceedings, National Cotton Council, in press.
  • Schuch, U.K. and J. J. Kelly. 2011. Selecting, Planting, and Staking Trees. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension Publication AZ1402 (CD of 36 slides with notes, revised) http://cals.arizona.edu/pubs/summary/az1402ndx.html
  • Tabashnik, B. E., M. S. Sisterson, P. C. Ellsworth, T. J. Dennehy, L. Antilla, L. Liesner, M. Whitlow, R. T Staten, J. A. Fabrick, G. C. Unnithan, A. J. Yelich, C. Ellers-Kirk, V. S. Harpold, X. Li and Y. Carriere. 2010. Suppressing resistance to Bt cotton with sterile insect releases. Nature Biotechnology: 28(12): 1304-1307 (+ online methods & supplementary information, 10 pp.).


Progress 08/01/09 to 07/31/10

Outputs
OUTPUTS: Coordination and Collaboration. Developed a strategic 4-year vision for Extension IPM through discussions with an expanded stakeholder IPM Coordinating Committee. This included plans for a leveraged cluster hire of six personnel to expand statewide IPM program impacts and put IPM information into the hands of end-users. Implemented a new peer-review process that has improved Extension IPM publications. Improved our multistate collaboration and developed 8 responses to information requests through the Arid Southwest IPM Network. Completed a historical Arizona pesticide use database in partnership with Arizona Department of Agriculture and used it to respond to federal pesticide information requests and to document extension program outcomes and impacts. Program Areas of Emphasis. Implemented a statewide IPM needs assessment for agronomic crops (70 responses) and analyzed data to facilitate IPM program planning. Engaged agricultural and community IPM stakeholders to identify needs and priorities and to solicit program feedback, including program evaluations measuring adoption and intended adoption of IPM programs. Implemented new Vegetable IPM Updates, delivering 29 biweekly updates to over 450 end-users via web, email and smart phone. Some of these updates have been distributed by Western Farm Press and the Western Agri-Radio Network, reaching over 1,000 subscribers. Produced 14 vegetable IPM videos to date and created video archive webpage. Organized 6 on-farm research demonstrations with grower cooperators, including 4 herbicide trial demos for melons and broccoli, 2 large translational research projects on aphid control and on monitoring the use of reduced risk insecticides. Held a Cotton Pest Management Field Tour focusing on whitefly, Lygus bug and mite management and control product performance. Held 5 Crop Pest Losses and Impact Assessment workshops, collecting data from pest control advisors and other stakeholders on sampling practices, pest thresholds, yield losses, pesticide use and profitability to measure future changes in grower IPM behaviors and the impacts of our educational efforts. Presented educational information to over 1,500 end-users at over 78 meetings, conferences and workshops, delivering over 110 continuing education credits. Delivered 22 presentations at scientific and industry conferences. Published 4 IPM Newsletters for schools personnel. Maintained regular contributions to the popular and agricultural press. Recent stories covered sampling and identifying natural enemies in cotton (Western Farm Press), whitefly and Lygus management (Western Farm Press), the impact of our IPM programs (UA News), sustainable agriculture (Project SAGE) and successful adoption of Bt cotton technologies in Arizona (PBS). Maintained and expanded Extension Plant Pathology website with descriptions, pictures and prevention and control information for over 195 plant diseases that occur in Arizona on over 50 crops and plants. Processed over 450 samples and over 1,000 diagnostic email and phone inquiries. Published 8 Extension publications, 7 journal articles, 5 abstracts or proceedings, and one agricultural pest control manual. PARTICIPANTS: Principle Investigators: Dr. Peter C. Ellsworth, IPM Specialist & State IPM Coordinator, convenes the IPM Coordinating Committee that directs Extension IPM programming. He is team leader for the Cotton IPM program and conducts an active research and extension program. He conducts cotton pest losses workshops, collecting data (important for evaluation) from pest control advisors on pest-specific cotton yield losses, pest management practices and economic impacts. Dr. Al Fournier, IPM Program Manager, handles daily management of the Arizona Pest Management Center that provides coordination, leadership and support to all IPM program areas. This includes support for IPM needs assessment and program evaluation, grant writing, and collaborations with in-state and out-of-state partner organizations. He develops tools to quantify outcomes and impacts of IPM programs. Other Individuals [paid more than 160 hours on grant]: Marco Pena - Coordinates Extension efforts of the Vegetable IPM Team. Theresa Smith - Develops and manages websites for internal communication of the APMC, collaborative efforts and agricultural IPM outreach. Richard Farmer - Developed pesticide use database used for program evaluation. Tilak Mahato - Works with the Urban / Community IPM Team develop Extension outputs. Partner Organizations, Collaborators and Contacts: John Palumbo, High Value Vegetable IPM Team Leader, Department of Entomology, UA Rick Gibson, Agronomic IPM Team Leader, Pinal County Cooperative Extension, UA Mary Olsen, Diagnostics Team Leader, School of Plant Sciences, UA Dawn Gouge, IPM in Schools Team Leader, Department of Entomology, UA Kai Umeda, IPM on Recreational Lands Team Leader (Turf), Maricopa County Cooperative Extension, UA Ursula Schuch, Consumer / Urban IPM Team Leader, School of Plant Sciences, UA William McCloskey, Extension Weed Scientist, School of Plant Sciences, UA Rick Melnicoe, Director, Western IPM Center and member, IPM Coordinating Committee Pat Clay, FMD Specialist, Valent USA Corporation and member, IPM Coordinating Committee Tess Grasswitz, Extension Integrated Pest Management Specialist, New Mexico State University Eric Natwick, Farm Advisor, University of California Cooperative Extension Jay Davison, Area Specialist, University of Nevada Reno Jack Peterson, Arizona Department of Agriculture, Environmental Services Division Gary Christian, Arizona Department of Agriculture, Environmental Services Division Training or Professional Development: Across all program areas, presented training opportunities to over 1,500 end-users at over 78 meetings, conferences and workshops, delivering over 110 continuing education credits. Published Study Manual for Professional Pest Control Advisors: Fournier, A., J. Peterson & J. Reding, eds. 2010. Arizona Pest Control Advisor Study Manual: Preparatory Materials for the Arizona Pest Control Advisors License. Arizona Crop Protection Association. (Peer Reviewed) Developed and published Program Planning and Evaluation Website as a professional development resource for faculty in collaboration with College of Agricultural and Life Sciences colleagues, launched January 2010. TARGET AUDIENCES: Target Audiences: Agronomic and High-Value Crops: Pest Control Advisors (PCAs), growers, agricultural industry representatives, pesticide applicators, State and Federal agencies and pesticide regulators, Gila River Indian Community, Colorado River Indian Reservation, racial and ethnic minorities that work in agriculture. Consumer / Urban / School IPM: Nursery and landscape industry, Master Gardeners, homeowners, public school facility managers and staff, state agencies, non-governmental organizations, pest management professionals, representatives from the Navajo Nation, Hopi Nation, Gila River Indian Community, Pascua Yaqui Indian Tribe, Tohono O'odham Nation, Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe, Cocopah Indian Tribe, Yakama, Winnebago, Salt River Pima Maricopa Indian Community, racial and ethnic minorities that work in the urban sector. Efforts: Workshops, field days, on-farm research demonstrations, on-site school IPM demonstrations, golf course and other turf demonstrations, cooperative extension meetings, educational presentations, informal education, training manuals, websites, online videos, smart phone updates, radio broadcasts, newspaper articles, newsletters, trade publications, extension publications, reports, stakeholder dialog sessions, needs assessments, crop pest losses surveys, informal discussion groups, one-on-one consultations, scientific publications, presentations and symposia, Master Gardener training and volunteer program, short courses, Desert Turf School. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Although three areas of emphasis were "zeroed out" in our approved EIPM budget, the IPM Coordinating Committee reallocated minimal resources to support important statewide Extension IPM efforts in School IPM, Recreational IPM (turf) and Pest Diagnostics. We heavily leveraged EIPM funding with other sources to exceed committed expected outputs and outcomes in most areas of emphasis.

Impacts
Coordination and Collaboration. We significantly leveraged resources to accomplish EIPM program goals. For FY 2010 we secured about $1.1 million in competitive grants and other resources directly related to IPM research and outreach. This included over $900,000 in federal grants, $37,200 in Western IPM Center grants, over $98,000 in state grants, and nearly $60,000 in other resources. The new historical pesticide use database has improved responses to information requests and documentation of extension program outcomes and impacts. Collaborative responses to federal information requests included critical analyses of stakeholder use and concerns regarding pesticide registration issues and stakeholder input on EPA priorities. Data we developed influenced the extended phase out of endosulfan in certain crops. Program Areas of Emphasis. Agronomic Crops IPM. The results of the Agronomic IPM needs assessment are being used to plan new IPM research and outreach to address priority needs in Arizona. The Agronomic IPM Team will implement these programs with assistance from the newly hired Assistant in Extension. High Value Vegetable IPM. Attendance at Vegetable IPM Extension meetings has increased and listserve membership for Veg IPM updates has doubled in one year. Stakeholders have many positive comments about the quality and relevancy of our outputs. Two regional agricultural publications, Western Farm Press, and Western Agri-Radio Network have distributed certain Veg IPM Updates to well over 1000 subscribers. Economic impacts will be quantified once we have collected 3 years worth of survey data from end users at Crop Pest Losses workshops. High Value Cotton IPM. We reached over 200 end users with IPM information and influenced over 100 scientists worldwide through invited seminars, published papers, proceedings, and abstracts. A report we developed for Arizona Cotton Growers Association resulted in lower technology fees for Bt cotton to Arizona growers in 2011. Cotton insecticide usage continues at historically low levels at an average 1.5 sprays for all arthropod pests over the last 6 years, reducing insecticide loads on the environment by over 1.6 million lbs ai annually and saving growers over $10 million annually. We have seen rapid adoption of a new reduced-risk insecticides and a reduction in broad-spectrum sprays for management of Lygus in cotton. In 2006, 0% all Lygus-targeted insecticides were Carbine. This grew to ca. 52% in 2007, ca. 75% in 2008, ca. 81% in 2009. By 2010, 88% of all cotton insecticides used were either fully (61%) or partially (27%) selective. Clients credit the cotton IPM research & outreach program for this rapid change over. Other IPM programs. Through workshop evaluations, we measured significant increases in clientele knowledge of IPM principles and practices as a result of training. Typically, over 90% of participants indicated that they would adopt at least one new practice as a result of Extension education programs. We re-engaged local school districts on IPM and bed bug monitoring and remediation practices, preventing school fumigation for bed bugs and saving one site over $15,000.

Publications

  • Bealmear. S. R. 2010. Whitefly Pest Control Survey of Homeowners and Ornamental Plants. In Proceedings, 2010 American Society for Horticultural Science, 143:139. Palm Desert, CA. August, 2010.
  • Ellsworth, P.C. 2009 Cotton Pest Management Field Tour - Whitefly, Lygus & Mite Control Product Performance. Small Grains & Late Season Cotton Field Day, MAC. Maricopa, AZ. 9/29/09. (Published, annotated presentation.) http://ag.arizona.edu/crops/presentations/09CottonFieldDaySummarylo5. pdf
  • Ellsworth, P.C. 2009 Cotton Insect Management. Presented at the 2010 Desert Agricultural Conference. Casa Grande, AZ. 5/13/10. (Published, annotated presentation.) http://cals.arizona.edu/crops/presentations/10DAC_Cotton_mgt_v3plo.pd f
  • Ellsworth, P.C. When is "Done is done" Making late season insect control decisions. 2010. Presented at Late Season Production Meeting, Parker, AZ. 8/13/10. (Published, annotated presentation.) http://ag.arizona.edu/crops/presentations/10Parker_LT_decisionsvF2lo. pdf
  • Ellsworth, P.C. 2010. Section IIA, Invertebrates: Insect Management on Cotton (pp. IIA1 to IIA69). In Arizona PCA Study Manual. Preparatory materials for the Arizona Pest Control Advisor License, ed. by Fournier A., Peterson J. & Reding J., Arizona Crop Protection Association, 574 pp.
  • Gouge, D.H. 2010. School Pest Press: September 2010 Issue, featuring Bed Bugs, in English. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. (IPM Newsletter for School Personnel). http://ag.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/Septemberbedbugs.pdf
  • Gouge, D.H. 2010. School Pest Press: October 2010 Issue, featuring Mice and Rats, in English. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. (IPM Newsletter for School Personnel). http://ag.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/October_mice_and_rats.pdf
  • Gouge, D.H. 2010. School Pest Press: December 2010 Issue, featuring Pigeons in English. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. (IPM Newsletter for School Personnel). http://ag.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/Pigeons_at_School.pdf
  • Harrington, J., P.F. Byrne, F.B. Peairs, S.J. Nissen, P. Westra, P.C. Ellsworth, A. Fournier, C.A. Mallory-Smith, R.S. Zemetra, & W.B. Henry. 2009. Perceived Consequences of Herbicide-tolerant and Insect-resistant Crops on Integrated Pest Management Strategies in the Western United States: Results of an Online Survey. AgBioForum, 12(3&4), 412-421. http://www.agbioforum.org/v12n34/v12n34a16-byrne.htm
  • Kelly, J. 2010. Diagnosing Problems of Roses in the Landscape. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension, Publication AZ1528 http://cals.arizona.edu/pubs/garden/az1528.pdf
  • Naranjo, S.E. and P.C. Ellsworth. 2009. 50 years of the Integrated Control Concept: Moving the model and implementation forward in Arizona. Pest Management Science 65:12, pp. 1267-1286. http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/117935712/grouphome/home.h tml
  • Naranjo, S.E. and P.C. Ellsworth. 2009. The contribution of conservation biological control to integrated control of Bemisia tabaci in cotton. Biol. Control. 51: 458-470.
  • Naranjo, S.E. and P. C. Ellsworth. 2010. Fourteen years of Bt cotton advances IPM in Arizona. Southwest. Entomol. 35: 437-444.
  • Olsen, M.W. 2011. True Mistletoes. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension, Publication AZ1308 (revised). http://cals.arizona.edu/pubs/diseases/az1308.pdf
  • Ellsworth, P.C. 2010. Lygus in Cotton No. 4: Chemical Control Termination Guidelines (Draft). University of Arizona Cooperative Extension Circular (peer reviewed), 2 pp. Available at: http://ag.arizona.edu/crops/presentations/DRAFT_LT_guide2-pg.pdf
  • Bealmear, S. R. 2010. Fungus Gnat Integrated Pest Management. Fact Sheet. University of University of Arizona Cooperative Extension, Publication AZ1531. http://cals.arizona.edu/pubs/insects/az1531.pdf
  • Bealmear, S.R. 2010. IPM for the Home Gardener. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension, Publication AZ1521 http://cals.arizona.edu/pubs/insects/az1521.pdf
  • Brown, P.W., P.C. Ellsworth, M. Olsen, J. Silvertooth, R. Tronstad. 2010. Stub Cotton Production in Arizona. A Review and Feasibility Study. An invited analysis by the Arizona Cotton Growers Association. 29 pp.
  • Dillard, A. 2010. Mulch Matters. Southwest Trees and Turf. Vol 17(8):1, 10.
  • Ellsworth, P.C. & A. Fournier. 2009. Pesticide Use and User Surveys, North American Pesticide Applicator Certification & Safety Education Workshop, Impact Measurement Tools Seminar, Charleston, SC. 8/11/09. (Published, annotated presentation.) http://ag.arizona.edu/crops/presentations/09PSEP_Charlestonv5Flo.pdf
  • Ellsworth, P.C., S. Li, B. Tabashnik, J. Holloway, R. Humphries. 2011. Pink bollworm efficacy dynamics in TwinlinkTM cotton. Beltwide Cotton Conference Proceedings, National Cotton Council, in press.
  • Ellsworth, P. & S. Naranjo. 2009. 50 Years of the Integrated Control Concept: Moving the Concept and Implementation Forward in Arizona. Fifth International Bemisia Workshop, Guangzhou, China. 11/10/09. (Published, annotated presentation.) http://ag.arizona.edu/crops/presentations/09China_Bemisia_50-yrsvF23F lo.pdf
  • Ellsworth, P.C. & S.E. Naranjo. 2009. 50 years of the Integrated Control Concept: Moving the Concept and Implementation forward in Arizona, North Carolina State Univ., Dept. Entomology, Raleigh, NC. 4/13/09. (Published, annotated presentation.) http://ag.arizona.edu/crops/presentations/09IPM_NCSU_50-yrsvF16lo.pdf
  • Ellsworth, P.C. & S.E. Naranjo. 2009. IPM in Arizona Cotton: Successful adoption of selective controls for multiple key insect pests, 6th International IPM Symposium, Portland, OR. 3/26/09. (Published, annotated presentation.) http://ag.arizona.edu/crops/presentations/09IPMPortlandBiorationalvF7 lo.pdf
  • Ellsworth, P.C., J.C. Palumbo, A. Fournier & Y. Carriere. 2009. Measuring Adoption of Cross-Commodity IPM Guidelines for Whitefly (Bemisia Tabaci) Control. 5th International Bemisia Conference, Guangzhou, China. November 8-12, 2009. (Abstract)
  • Ellsworth, P.C., J. Palumbo, A. Fournier, X. Li, S. Naranjo. 2010. Whitefly Management: Multi-Crop Systems. IRAC Symposium, Understanding and Capitalizing on Agricultural Biodiversity in IPM/IRM, Entomological Society of America, San Diego, CA. 12/14/10 (invited). (Published, annotated presentation.) http://ag.arizona.edu/crops/presentations/10ESA_IRAC_Bemisia7Flo.pdf
  • Fournier, A., P.C. Ellsworth, J. Palumbo. 2010. Arid Southwest IPM Network website. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension, Arizona Pest Management Center. http://ag.arizona.edu/apmc/Arid_SWPMC_Info_Requests.html.
  • Fournier, A., P.C. Ellsworth, R. Gibson, R. Norton, K. Nolte, S. Wang, E. Taylor and L. Masters. 2010. Agronomic Crops IPM Needs Assessment, Preliminary Data and Report. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension, Arizona Pest Management Center. http://cals.arizona.edu/apmc/agronomic_ipm.html.
  • Fournier, A., S. Merrigan, B. Hutchinson and D. McDonald. 2010. Program Planning and Evaluation website. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. http://extension.arizona.edu/evaluation/
  • Fournier, A., J. Peterson & J. Reding, eds. 2010. Arizona Pest Control Advisor Study Manual: Preparatory Materials for the Arizona Pest Control Advisors License. Arizona Crop Protection Association. (Peer Reviewed)
  • Godfrey, L.D., P.C. Ellsworth, P.B. Goodell, D. Haviland. 2009. Landscape Implications for Control of Spider Mites. Beltwide Cotton Conference Proceedings, National Cotton Council. pp. 1536-1537.
  • Gouge, D.H. 2010. School Pest Press: August 2010 Issue, featuring Head Lice, in English and in Spanish. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. (IPM Newsletter for School Personnel). http://ag.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/Septemberbedbugs.pdf http://ag.arizona.edu/apmc/docs/AZ_August_HeadLice_2010_Spanish.pdf
  • Olsen, M.W. 2011. Verticillium Wilt. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension, Publication AZ1034 (revised). http://cals.arizona.edu/pubs/crops/az1034.pdf
  • Palumbo J.C. and Castle S.J. 2009. IPM for fresh-market lettuce production in the desert southwest: the produce paradox. Pest Manag Sci 65: 1311-1320.
  • Pena, M., J.C. Palumbo, M. Matheron, B. Tickes, K. Nolte. 2010. Vegetable IPM Updates. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension. (Biweekly IPM advisories.) http://ag.arizona.edu/crops/vegetables/advisories/advisories.html
  • Richards, T. J., P. C. Ellsworth, R. Tronstad and S. E. Naranjo. 2010. Market-based instruments for the optimal control of invasive species: Bemisia tabaci in Arizona. J. Agric. Resource Econ. 35: 349-367.
  • Richardson, J.M., B.A. Castro, J.D. Thomas, P.C. Ellsworth, L.D. Godfrey, D.L. Kerns, 2010. Control of Western Tarnished Plant Bug, Lygus hesperus, with Dow AgroSciences Sulfoxaflor Insecticide in Cotton. Beltwide Cotton Conference Proceedings, National Cotton Council. p. 1205.
  • Richardson, J.M., B.A. Castro, J.D. Thomas, P.C. Ellsworth, L.D. Godfrey & D.L. Kerns. 2011. TransformTM: field performance against Lygus Hesperus in cotton. Beltwide Cotton Conference Proceedings, National Cotton Council, in press.
  • Schuch, U.K. and J. J. Kelly. 2011. Selecting, Planting, and Staking Trees. University of Arizona Cooperative Extension Publication AZ1402 (CD of 36 slides with notes, revised) http://cals.arizona.edu/pubs/summary/az1402ndx.html
  • Tabashnik, B. E., M. S. Sisterson, P. C. Ellsworth, T. J. Dennehy, L. Antilla, L. Liesner, M. Whitlow, R. T Staten, J. A. Fabrick, G. C. Unnithan, A. J. Yelich, C. Ellers-Kirk, V. S. Harpold, X. Li and Y. Carriere. 2010. Suppressing resistance to Bt cotton with sterile insect releases. Nature Biotechnology: 28(12): 1304-1307 (+ online methods & supplementary information, 10 pp.).