Source: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY submitted to NRP
INVASIVE SPECIES IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBAL CHANGE: BIODIVERSITY SCIENCE, ENVIRONMENTAL GENOMICS, BIOLOGICAL CONTROL, AND CLIMATE CHANGE
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
COMPLETE
Funding Source
HATCH
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
0218568
Grant No.
(N/A)
Cumulative Award Amt.
(N/A)
Proposal No.
(N/A)
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Project Start Date
Oct 1, 2009
Project End Date
Sep 30, 2014
Grant Year
(N/A)
Program Code
[(N/A)]- (N/A)
Recipient Organization
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKELEY
(N/A)
BERKELEY,CA 94720
Performing Department
Interdivisional
Non Technical Summary
Invasive species are one of the greatest threats to global biodiversity. The impact of invasive species is immense, not only in ecological and environmental terms but also in economic losses through their impact on crops and other harvestable products, effects on urban environments, as well through their role as vectors for disease. Moreover, invasions are nearly always irreversible and so understanding their origins, pathways and spread, is critical to their management. Research on invasive species will continue to be important as global trade increases and as species change their distributions in response to global climate change. The work proposed here has 4 goals: 1. To understand the role of biodiversity in the biology of invasions, including the interaction of invasive species with the biodiversity of ecological communities from which they originated and which they are invading. The interactions of invasive species and existing biodiversity are not well known. 2. To use emerging genomic and computational tools to study the demography of invasions and relevant traits, particularly processes relating to small populations. New approaches provide the opportunity to understand the demography of invasions and to make better predictions of pathways, population size and growth, and spread. 3. To use biological control as scientific model for invasion biology and vice versa. Biological invasions and purposeful introductions of biological control have both similarities and differences. Understanding the processes in common can provide a better understanding of invasions, but also can make biological control a more predictive science. 4. To understand the interactions between climate change and biological invasions. Climate change will affect the distribution of species, including invasive species. Cold-blooded taxa, such as insects and other arthropods, are particularly good models for the study of climate change on species distributions because of predictable relationships between temperature and moisture on survival and reproduction. The research will provide basic information that can be used to formulate strategies for the interception, control and management of invasive species.
Animal Health Component
(N/A)
Research Effort Categories
Basic
(N/A)
Applied
(N/A)
Developmental
(N/A)
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
1323110107010%
1363110104010%
1363110107010%
1363110108010%
1363110113010%
2113110104010%
2113110108010%
2153110104010%
2153110107010%
6113110107010%
Knowledge Area
211 - Insects, Mites, and Other Arthropods Affecting Plants; 136 - Conservation of Biological Diversity; 215 - Biological Control of Pests Affecting Plants; 611 - Foreign Policy and Programs; 132 - Weather and Climate;

Subject Of Investigation
3110 - Insects;

Field Of Science
1040 - Molecular biology; 1130 - Entomology and acarology; 1070 - Ecology; 1080 - Genetics;
Goals / Objectives
1. To understand the role of biodiversity in the biology of invasions, including the interaction of invasive species with the biodiversity of ecological communities from which they originated and which they are invading. Outputs will include publications, workshops, contributions to websites on invasive species and biodiversity, and outreach and teaching to the public, university, and K-12 levels. 2. To use emerging genomic and computational tools to study the demography of invasions and relevant traits, particularly processes relating to small populations. Outputs will include publications, workshops, contributions to websites on invasive species, new genetic markers, tests of computational approaches, new approaches to study small populations, and outreach and teaching to the public, university, and K-12 levels. 3. To use biological control as scientific model for invasion biology and vice versa. Biological invasions and purposeful introductions of biological control have many similarities, but there are also differences. Outputs will include publications, workshops, contributions to websites on invasive species and biological control, and outreach and teaching to the public, university, and K-12 levels. 4. To understand the interactions between climate change and biological invasions. Outputs will include publications, workshops, contributions to websites on invasive species and climate change, and outreach and teaching to the public, university, and K-12 levels.
Project Methods
1. To understand the role of biodiversity in the biology of invasions, including the interaction of invasive species with the biodiversity of ecological communities from which they originated and which they are invading. The interactions of invasive species and existing biodiversity are not well known. Processes include those that are negative (competition and predation) or positive (mutualism, facilitations). Historical invasions and natural colonizations will be examined as models of the invasive process and work will address priority effects and community assembly. Research will extend existing approaches to the study of microbes and symbionts. Outputs will be evaluated through publications, workshops and symposia, contributions to websites, and outreach and teaching to the public, university, and K-12 levels. 2. To use emerging genomic and computational tools to study the demography of invasions and relevant traits, particularly processes relating to small populations. New approaches provide the opportunity to understand the demography of invasions and to make better predictions of pathways, population size and growth, and spread. Research will develop new genetic markers and apply new computational approaches to model the temporal and spatial demography of invasive species. Genomic tools also will allow an understanding of the traits important in the invasion process. Historical and museum collections will be used and developed. Model species will include whiteflies tephritid fruit flies, and other emerging pest species. Outputs will be evaluated through publications, workshops and symposia, contributions to websites, and outreach and teaching to the public, university, and K-12 levels. 3. To use biological control as scientific model for invasion biology and vice versa. Biological invasions and managed introductions of biological control have both similarities and differences. Understanding the processes in common can provide a better understanding of invasions, but also can make biological control a more predictive science. Research will involve studies of biological control programs, focusing on processes of colonization, demography of small populations, adaptation, and dispersal and spread. Outputs will be evaluated through publications, workshops and symposia, contributions to websites, and outreach and teaching to the public, university, and K-12 levels. 4. To understand the interactions between climate change and biological invasions. Climate change will affect the distribution of species, including invasive species. Cold-blooded taxa, such as insects and other arthropods, are particularly good models for the study of climate change on species distributions because of predictable relationships between temperature and moisture on survival and reproduction. Research will examine the physiological optima and limits of invasive insect species and use this information to predict future impacts. Work will investigate historical and on-going invasions. Outputs will be evaluated through publications, workshops and symposia, contributions to websites, and outreach and teaching to the public, university, and K-12 levels.

Progress 10/01/09 to 09/30/14

Outputs
Target Audience: K-12, undergraduate, graduate, postgraduate, managers, cooperators, extension professionals, general public, state and federal officials Changes/Problems: No changes to report What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Training was provided to postdocs, grad students and undergraduates through research mentoring and classes. My largest relevant class was the ecology section of general biology, Bio1B, with 750 students. Those grad students and postdocs most closely associated with this project are: How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Dissemination includes, undergraduate teaching, scientific literature, and web-based citizen science focusing on insect collections and associated data, see Essig Museum, Notes from Nature, http://www.notesfromnature.org What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? No changes to report

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Research continued in the development of approaches to investigate the origins and demographic history of insect populations using molecular genetic tools, computational methods, historical records, and associated symbionts. The origins and demographic history of insect populations can be used as a guide to find natural enemies for biological control as well as to understand factors that contribute to the success of classical biological control. Related work investigated the invasion biology of pests, their natural enemies, and symbionts, in their native and invaded habitats. A recent initiative focuses on how interactions of organisms of biocontrol interest will be impacted by global change. With collaborators we are continuing to apply methods to predict spread of insect pests as a result of drivers of global change including changes in land use and climate. Associated collections-based research involves digitizing records and associated information, web-based citizen science and use of globally-unique identifiers (GUIDs) to track data associated with specimens. These approaches are being developed with colleagues using as model species tephritid fruit flies (olive fruit fly Bactrocera oleae, walnut husk fly, Rhagoletis completa), the glassy-winged sharpshooter (Homalodisca vitripennis), Bemisia whiteflies, spider mites, vine mealy bug (Planococcus ?cus), as well as introduced and native insects in the California Sierras.

Publications

  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: Davies N, Field D, Amaral-Zettler L, Clark MS, Deck J, Drummond A, Faith DP, Geller J, Gilbert J, Gl�ckner FO, Hirsch PR, Leong JA, Meyer C, Obst M, Planes S, Scholin C, Vogler AP, Gates RD, Toonen R, Berteaux-Lecellier V, Barbier M, Barker K, Bertilsson S, Bicak M, Bietz MJ, Bobe J, Bodrossy L, Borja A, Coddington J, Fuhrman J, Gerdts G, Gillespie R, Goodwin K, Hanson PC, Hero JM, Hoekman D, Jansson J, Jeanthon C, Kao R, Klindworth A, Knight R, Kottmann R, Koo MS, Kotoulas G, Lowe AJ, Marteinsson VT, Meyer F, Morrison N, Myrold DD, Pafilis E, Parker S, Parnell JJ, Polymenakou PN, Ratnasingham S, Roderick GK, Rodriguez-Ezpeleta N, Schonrogge K, Simon N, Valette-Silver NJ, Springer YP, Stone GN, Stones-Havas S, Sansone SA, Thibault KM, Wecker P, Wichels A, Wooley JC, Yahara T, Zingone A; GOs-COS. The founding charter of the Genomic Observatories Network. GigaScience 2014, 3:2. http://www.gigasciencejournal.com/content/3/1/2 Gillespie RG, Roderick GK (2014) Evolution: Geology and climate drive diversification. Nature 509, 297-298, News and Views. http://doi.org/10.1038/509297a Hadjistylli M, Schwartz SA, Brown JK*, Roderick GK* (2014) Isolation and characterization of nine microsatellite loci from the sweetpotato whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) biotype B. Journal of Insect Science, 14 (1);148. http://doi.org/10.1093/jisesa/ieu010 *contributed equally to this work. Leong M, Kremen C, Roderick GK (2014) Pollinator Interactions with yellow starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis) across urban, agricultural, and natural landscapes. PLoS ONE 9(1): e86357. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0086357. PLoS ONE 9, e86357. http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0086357


Progress 01/01/13 to 09/30/13

Outputs
Target Audience: K-12, undergraduate, graduate, postgraduate, managers, cooperators, extension professionals, general public, state and federal officials Changes/Problems: Additional support from NSF CalBug and BiSciCol, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation Moorea BioCode Project and Berkeley Initiative for Global Change Biology (BiGCB) What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Training was provided to postdocs, grad students and undergraduates through research mentoring and classes. My largest relevant class was the ecology section of general biology, Bio1B, with 750 students. Those grad students and postdocs most closely associated with this project are: Emily Farrer, Postdoc, UC Berkeley Kari Goodman, Postdoc, UC Berkeley Kimberly La Pierre, UC Berkeley Jennifer Weaver, Postdoc, UC Berkeley Adam Zeilinger, Postdoc, UC Berkeley Jennifer Imamura, Graduate Student, UC Berkeley Athena Lam, Graduate Student, UC Berkeley Misha Leong, Graduate Student, UC Berkeley Leslie McGinnis, Graduate Student, UC Berkeley Rakim Turnipseed, Graduate Student, UC Berkeley How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Dissemination includes, undergraduate teaching, scientific literature, and web-based citizen science focusing on insect collections and associated data, see Notes from Nature, http://www.notesfromnature.org What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? no changes

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Research continued in the development of approaches to investigate the origins and demographic history of insect populations using molecular genetic tools, computational methods, historical records, and associated symbionts. The origins and demographic history of insect populations can be used as a guide to find natural enemies for biological control as well as to understand factors that contribute to the success of classical biological control. Related work investigated the invasion biology of pests, their natural enemies, and symbionts, in their native and invaded habitats. A recent initiative focuses on how interactions of organisms of biocontrol interest will be impacted by global change. With collaborators we are continuing to apply methods to predict spread of insect pests as a result of drivers of global change including changes in land use and climate. Associated collections-based research involves digitizing records and associated information, web-based citizen science and use of globally-unique identifiers (GUIDs) to track data associated with specimens. These approaches are being developed with colleagues using as model species tephritid fruit flies (olive fruit fly Bactrocera oleae, walnut husk fly, Rhagoletis completa), the glassy-winged sharpshooter (Homalodisca vitripennis), Bemisia whiteflies, spider mites, vine mealy bug (Planococcus ?cus), as well as introduced and native insects in the California Sierras.

Publications


    Progress 01/01/12 to 12/31/12

    Outputs
    OUTPUTS: We continue to develop and use genetic methods for the studies of origins and biology non-indigenous, invasive (exotic) insects. Insects that we have worked with this year include species of tephritid fruit flies (e.g., olive fly), glassy-winged sharpshooter, Bemisia whiteflies, vine mealybug, insect parasitoids used for biological control, and native "indicator" species of the California Sierras and Pacific islands. Another project is to work out methods to distinguish between ancient and recent (cryptic) invasions of insects and associated demographic parameters. We also are continuing to follow the introduction of insect parasitoids to control the glassy-winged sharpshooter in French Polynesia with M Hoddle (UC Riverside) and J Grandgirard (FP Ministry of Agriculture. Work with M Navajas (INRA, France) is targeted at understanding invasions of insects in Mediterranean climates. Work in the California Bay Area on the ecological and economic drivers of invasions and consequences is funded by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation and the Berkeley Initiative on Global Change Biology (BiGCB). We are exploring the use of databases to study invasive species. Targets of the research include insect species that are pests of California and the Pacific Rim. We are interested in integrating information on original and current distributions, as well as links to ecological, genetic, and climate data. Current efforts are investigating the extent to which specimens in museum collections can be used for historical genetic data. This work is in collaboration with K Will, R Gillespie and N Davies (UCB, Moorea), as well as database scientists with the UC Berkeley Natural History Museum, the Consortium for the Barcode of Life (CBoL), and other insect collections in California as part of our NSF-funded CalBug project. We are also exploring models in which different databases can be connected in the "cloud" and be queried from a central location. Another NSF-funded project (BiSciCol) is investigating the use of globally unique identifiers (GUIDs) to track specimens from collection, though the lab, to publication, along with their associate ecological and habitat data. We are building on our prior approach to analyze recent histories of populations using simulation studies. We are exploring the use of approximate Bayesian methods to estimate simultaneously relevant population parameters of population size and dispersal, with collaborators from INRA, France. Results have been disseminated through publications, and presentations at symposia and workshops including: NeoBiota and Entomological Society of America. PARTICIPANTS: Margarita Hadjistylli, Invasive Species Specialist, Ministry of Agriculture, Cyprus Francesco Nardi, Lecturer, University of Siena, Italy Maria Navajas, Research Director, CBGP/INRA, Montpellier, France Ruth Hufbauer, Professor, Colorado State University, Fort Collins Judy Brown, Professor, U Arizona, Tucson Neil Tsutsui, Professor, UC Berkeley Kent Daane, CE Specialist, UC Berkeley Rosemary Gillespie, Professor, UC Berkeley Kipling Will, Professor, UC Berkeley David Zilberman, Professor, UC Berkeley Peter Oboyski, Collection Manager, Essig Museum, UC Berkeley Sean Schoville, Postdoc, Grenoble, France Kari Goodman, Postdoc, UC Berkeley Jennifer Imamura, Graduate Student, UC Berkeley Athena Lam, Graduate Student, UC Berkeley Leslie McGinnis, Graduate Student, UC Berkeley TARGET AUDIENCES: K-12, Undergraduate, Graduate, Postgraduate, Managers, Cooperators, Extension professionals, General public, State and federal officials PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Additional support from NSF CalBug, NSF BiSciCol, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation Moorea BioCode and Berkeley Initiative for Global Change Biology (BiGCB)

    Impacts
    Methods and analytical approaches have been developed for studying the biology and history of invasive insects that are economically important for agriculture, biodiversity, and human health. Our work on biotypes of whiteflies confirms the identity of biotypes and their origins and we are now applying new computational approaches to understand the demography of invading populations. We are continuing to analyze results of biological control projects for insect pests, which are revealing much about the interactions of insect parasitoids and their hosts as well as providing information on the spread of biological material through global trade. A working model of an invasive species database is up and running. A recently funded project is linking database and collection information from all major insect collections in California. We have started a high-throughput sequencing project to investigate the control of vine mealybug. . This year we published a special issue on evolution and biological control in the journal Evolutionary Applications.

    Publications

    • Boubou A, Migeon A, Roderick GK, Auger P, Cornuet J-M, Magalhaes S, Navajas M (2012) Test of colonisation scenarios reveals complex invasion history of the red tomato spider mite Tetranychus evansi. PLoS One 7, e35601. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0035601
    • Davies N, Field D, The Genomic Observatories Network (multiple authors) (2012) A genomic network to monitor Earth. Nature 481, 145. doi: 10.1038/481145a.
    • Gillespie RG, Baldwin BG, Waters JM, Fraser CI, Nikula R, Roderick GK (2012) Long-distance dispersal: a framework for hypothesis testing. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 27, 52-61. doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2011.08.009.
    • Goodman KR, Welter SC, Roderick GK (2012) Genetic divergence is decoupled from ecological diversification in the Hawaiian Nesosydne planthoppers. Evolution 66, 2798-2814. doi: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2012.01643.x
    • Roderick GK, Croucher PJP, Vandergast AG, Gillespie RG (2012) Species differentiation on a dynamic landscape: shifts in metapopulation and genetic structure using the chronology of the Hawaiian Archipelago. Evolutionary Biology 32, 192-206. doi: 10.1007/s11692-012-9184-5
    • Roderick GK, Hufbauer RA, Navajas M (2012) Evolution and biological control. Evolutionary Applications 5, 419-423. doi: 10.1111/j.1752-4571.2012.00281.x
    • Roderick GK, Hufbauer RA, Navajas M, eds. (2012) Special Issue: Evolution and Biological Control. Published in Evolutionary Applications 5(5), 419-536. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/eva.2012.5.issue-5/issueto c
    • Schoville SD, Lam AW, Roderick GK (2012) A range-wide genetic bottleneck overwhelms contemporary landscape factors and local abundance in shaping genetic patterns of an alpine butterfly (Lepidoptera: Pieridae: Colias behrii). Molecular Ecology 21, 4242-4256. doi:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2012.05696.x
    • Schoville SD, Roderick GK, Kavanaugh DH (2012) Testing the 'Pleistocene species pump' in alpine habitats: lineage diversification of flightless ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Nebria) in relation to altitudinal zonation. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 107, 95-111. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2012.01911.x


    Progress 01/01/11 to 12/31/11

    Outputs
    OUTPUTS: We continue to develop and use genetic methods for the studies of the origins and biology of non-indigenous, invasive (exotic) insects. Insects that we have worked with this year include species of tephritid fruit flies (e.g., olive fly), glassy-winged sharpshooter, Bemisia whiteflies, insect parasitoids used for biological control of aphids, the glassy-winged sharpshooter and native "indicator" species of the California Sierras and Pacific islands. Another project is to work out methods to distinguish between ancient and recent (cryptic) invasions of insects and associated demographic parameters. We also are continuing to follow the introduction of insect parasitoids to control the glassy-winged sharpshooter in French Polynesia with M Hoddle (UC Riverside), J Grandgirard (FP Ministry of Agriculture), and J Petit, (FP). Work with M Navajas (INRA, France) is targeted at understanding invasions of insects in Mediterranean climates. Work in the California Bay Area on the ecological and economic drivers of invasions and consequences is funded by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation and the Berkeley Initiative on Global Change Biology (BiGCB). We are exploring the use of databases to study invasive species. Targets of the research include insect species that are pests of California and the Pacific Rim. We are interested in integrating information on original and current distributions, as well as links to ecological, genetic, and climate data. Current efforts are investigating the extent to which specimens in museum collections can be used for historical genetic data. This work is in collaboration with K Will, R Gillespie and N Davies (UCB, Moorea), as well as database scientists with the UC Berkeley Natural History Museum, the Consortium for the Barcode of Life (CBoL), and other insect collections in California as part of our NSF-funded CalBug project. We are also exploring models in which different databases can be connected in the "cloud" and be queried from a central location. Another NSF-funded project is investigating the use of globally unique identifiers (GUIDs) to track specimens from collection, though the lab, to publication, along with their associate ecological and habitat data. We are building on our prior approach to analyze recent histories of populations using simulation studies. We are exploring the use of approximate Bayesian methods to estimate simultaneously relevant population parameters of population size and dispersal, with collaborators from INRA, France. Results have been disseminated through publications, and presentations at symposia and workshops including: 5th International Conference of the International Biogeography Society, Crete; Evolution of Life on Pacific Islands and Reefs, Honolulu, Hawaii; Evolution and Biological Control, Entomological Society of America, Reno, NV. PARTICIPANTS: Judy Brown, Professor, University of Arizona; Neil Tsutsui, Professor, UC Berkeley; Rosemary Gillespie, Professor, UC Berkeley; Kipling Will, Professor, UC Berkeley; David Zilberman, Professor, UC Berkeley;Margarita Hadjistylli, PhD, Ministry of Agriculture, Cyprus; Sean Schoville, PhD, Postdoc, Grenoble, France; Kari Goodman, PhD, Postdoc, UC Berkeley; Athena Lam, PhD student, UC Berkeley; Peter Oboyski, PhD, Collection Manager, Essig Museum of Entomology, UC Berkeley; Jennifer Imamura, PhD candidate, UC Berkeley; Francesco Nardi, University of Siena, Italy; Maria Navajas, INRA, Montpellier, France TARGET AUDIENCES: K-12, Undergraduate, Graduate, Postgraduate, Managers, Cooperators, Extension professionals, General public, State and federal officials PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: additional support from: NSF CalBug Project, NSF BiSciCol Projects, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation Moorea BioCode; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation BiGCB

    Impacts
    Methods and analytical approaches have been developed for studying the biology and history of invasive insects that are economically important for agriculture, biodiversity, and human health. Our work on biotypes of whiteflies confirms the identity of biotypes and their origins and we are now applying new computational approaches to understand the demography of invading populations. We are continuing to analyze results of biological control projects for insect pests, which are revealing much about the interactions of insect parasitoids and their hosts as well as providing information on the spread of biological material through global trade. A working model of an invasive species database is up and running. A recently funded project is linking database and collection information from all major insect collections in California.

    Publications

    • Boubou A, Mingeon A, Roderick GK, Navajas M (2011) Recent emergence and worldwide spread of the tomato spider mite, Tetranychus evansi: genetic variation and multiple cryptic invasions. Biological Invasions 13, 81-9. DOI: 10.1007/s10530-010-9791-y
    • Gillespie RG, Baldwin BG, Roderick GK (2011) Predictability of long distance dispersal: Comparative phylogeography of multiple Pacific lineages 5th International Conference of the International Biogeography Society Program and Abstracts, p 17. Irakleion, Crete, Greece.
    • Rivera M, Andrews KR, Kobayashi DR, Wren JLK, Kelley C, Roderick GK, Toonen RJ (2011) Genetic analyses and simulations of larval dispersal reveal distinct populations and directional connectivity across the range of the Hawaiian grouper (Epinephelus quernus). Journal of Marine Biology 2011: 765353, 11 pages, DOI:10.1155/2011/765353
    • Roderick GK, Hadjistylli M, Lozier J, Nardi F, Navajas M (2011) Dynamic biogeography of agricultural plant/insect communities in the Mediterranean: Spatial and temporal interactions among indigenous, domesticated and invasive species 5th International Conference of the International Biogeography Society Program and Abstracts, p 48. Irakleion, Crete, Greece.
    • Schoville SD, Stuckey M, Roderick GK (2011) Pleistocene origins and population history of a neoendemic alpine butterfly. Molecular Ecology 20, 1233-1247. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2011.05003.x


    Progress 01/01/10 to 12/31/10

    Outputs
    OUTPUTS: We continue to develop genetic methods for the studies of origins and biology non-indigenous, invasive (exotic) insects. Insects that we have worked with this year include species of tephritid fruit flies (e.g., olive fly), glassy-winged sharpshooter, Bemisia whiteflies, insect parasitoids used for biological control of aphids, the glassy-winged sharpshooter and native "indicator" species of the California Sierras and Pacific islands. We continue to develope methods to distinguish between ancient and recent (cryptic) invasions of insects and associated demographic parameters. We have developed new microsatellite markers for Bemisia whitefly biotypes. We also are following the introduction of insect parasitoids to control the glassy-winged sharpshooter in French Polynesia with M Hoddle (UC Riverside), J Grandgirard (FP Ministry of Agriculture), and J Petit, (FP). Work with M Navajas (INRA, France) is targeted at understanding invasions of insects in Mediterranean climates. We are continuing to develop the use of databases to study invasive species. These include species that are insect pests of California and the Pacific Rim. Information available includes original and current distributions, as well as links to ecological and genetic data. Current efforts are investigating the extent to which museum collections can be used for other genetic markers. This work is in collaboration with Drs. A Bohonak (San Diego State University), N Davies (UCB, Moorea), as well as database scientists with the UC Berkeley Natural History Museum, the Consortium for the Barcode of Life (CBoL), and other insect collections in Califoria. We are exploring models in which different databases can be queried from a central location. We are building on our prior approach to analyze recent histories of populations using simulation studies. We are exploring the use of approximate Bayesian methods to estimate simultaneously relevant population parameters of population size and dispersal, with collaborators from INRA, France. Results have been disseminated through publications, and presentations at symposia and workshops including: Modern approaches to ecology and evolution, Konstanz, Germany; Invasive species, Hainan and Beijing, China; Emerging pests, Miami, Florida, and eradication, Entomology Society meetings in San Diego. PARTICIPANTS: Margarita Hadjistylli, PhD, Ministry of Agriculture, Cyprus Sean Schoville, PhD, Postdoc, Grenoble, France Kari Goodman, PhD, Postdoc, UC Berkeley Peter Oboyski, PhD candidate, UC Berkeley Jennifer Imamura, PhD candidate, UC Berkeley Francesco Nardi, University of Siena, Italy Maria Navajas, INRA, Montpellier, France TARGET AUDIENCES: University undergraduate and graduate students State, Federal and industry researchers and managers K-12 General public PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: grants from NSF

    Impacts
    Methods and analytical methods have been developed for studying the biology and history of invasive insects that are economically important for agriculture, biodiversity, and human health. Our work on biotypes of whiteflies confirms the identity of biotypes and their origins and we are now applying new computational approaches to understand the demography of invading populations. We are continuing to analyze results of biological control projects for insect pests, which are revealing much about the interactions of insect parasitoids and their hosts as well as providing information on the spread of biological material through global trade. A working model of an invasive species database is up and running. A recently funded project is linking database and collection information from 8 insect collections in California.

    Publications

    • Hadjistylli M, Brown JH, Roderick GK (2010) Tools and recent progress in studying gene flow and population genetics of the Bemisia tabaci sibling species group. In: Bemisia: Bionomics and Management of a Global Pest (eds. Stansly PA, Naranjo SE), pp. 69-103. Springer Science+Business Media B.V., Dordrecht.
    • Marsico TD, Burt JW, Espeland EK, Gilchrist GW, Jamieson MA, Lindstrom L, Roderick GK, Swope S, Szucs M, Tstusui ND (2010) Underutilized resources for studying the evolution of invasive species during their introduction, establishment, and lag phases. Evolutionary Applications 3, 203-219.
    • Nardi F, Carapelli A, Boore JL, Roderick GK, Dallai R, Frati F (2010) Domestication of olive fly through a multi-regional host shift to cultivated olives: Comparative dating using complete mitochondrial genomes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 57, 678-686.
    • Schoville SD, Roderick GK (2010) Evolutionary diversification of cryophilic Grylloblatta species (Grylloblattodea: Grylloblattidae) in alpine habitats of California. Bmc Evolutionary Biology 10, 163.
    • Chen YH, Berlocher SH, Opp SB, Roderick GK (2010) Post-colonization temporal genetic variation of an introduced fly, Rhagoletis completa. Genetica 138, 1059-1075.


    Progress 01/01/09 to 12/31/09

    Outputs
    OUTPUTS: We continue to develop genetic methods for the studies of origins and biology non-indigenous, invasive (exotic) insects. Insects that we have worked with this year include species of tephritid fruit flies (e.g., olive fly), glassy-winged sharpshooter, Bemisia whiteflies, insect parasitoids used for biological control of aphids and the glassy-winged sharpshooter, and a Pacific butterfly. We have developed methods to distinguish between ancient and recent (cryptic) invasions of insects. We have developed new microsatellite markers for Bemisia whitefly biotypes. This is the PhD work of M Hadjistyllia and is in collaboration with J Brown (U Arizona). We continued work on the role of the bacterium, Wolbachia, and its effect on sex-ratio and other features of biology of a widespread Pacific butterfly, with collaboration with S Charlat (CNRS, Lyon, France) and G Hurst (Liverpool). We also are following the introduction of insect parasitoids to control the glassy-winged sharpshooter in French Polynesia with M Hoddle (UC Riverside), J Grandgirard (FP Ministry of Agriculture), and J Petit, (FP). Work with M Navajas (INRA, France) is targeted at understanding invasions of insects in Mediterranean climates. We are continuing to develop the use of databases to study invasive species. These include species that are insect pests of California and the Pacific Rim. Information available includes original and current distributions, as well as links to ecological and genetic data. Current efforts are investigating the extent to which museum collections can be used for other genetic markers. This work is in collaboration with Drs. A Bohonak (San Diego State University), N Davies (UCB, Moorea), as well as database scientists with the UC Berkeley Natural History Museum and the Consortium for the Barcode of Life (CBoL). We are exploring models in which different databases can be queried from a central location. To date, we have linked the Essig Museum (UC Berkeley), the Australian National Insect Collection, (CSIRO, Australia), and the Bishop Museum (Honolulu). We are building on our prior approach to analyze recent histories of populations using simulation studies. We are exploring the use of approximate Bayesian methods to estimate simultaneously relevant population parameters of population size and dispersal, with collaborators from INRA, France. Results have been disseminated through publications, and presentations at symposia and workshops: International Symposium on Biological Control of Arthropods, New Zealand, 2009 11th Pacific Science Inter-Congress and 2nd Symposium on French Research in the Pacific, Tahiti, French Polynesia, 2-6 March 2009. Pacific Science Association 6th Asian Pacific Congress of Entomology, Beijing, China, 2009 Entomological Society of America, Indianapolis, 2009 PARTICIPANTS: Charlat S Davies N Duplouy A Dyson E Gillespie RG Grandgirard J Hoddle MS Hornett E Hurst GDD Lozier JD Mills NJ Navajas M Petit JN Roderick GK Schoville SD Vermenot C Vernon P Wedell N TARGET AUDIENCES: K-12 Undergraduate Graduate Postgraduate Managers Cooperators Extension professionals General public State and federal officials PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.

    Impacts
    Methods and analytical methods have been developed for studying the biology and history of invasive insects that are economically important for agriculture, biodiversity, and human health. Our work on biotypes of whiteflies confirms the identity of biotypes and their origins and we are now applying new computational approaches to understand the demography of invading populations. We have demonstrated the influence of symbionts, such as Wolbachia, on the population biology of a widespread butterfly, providing a model system for investigating insect/symbiont interactions. Molecular genetic work has also shown the origins of aphids feeding on plum, peach and apricot in California, and their insect parasitoids, and the history of these interactions. We are continuing to analyze results of a biological control project for the glassy-winged sharpshooter, which is revealing much about the interactions of insect parasitoids and their hosts as well as providing information on the spread of biological material through global trade. A working model of an invasive species database is up and running.

    Publications

    • Duplouy A, Vermenot C, Davies N, Roderick GK, Hurst GDD, Charlat S (2009) Assessing risks of Wolbachia DNA cross-specimen contamination following mass collection and ethanol storage. Molecular Ecology Resources 9, 46-50.
    • Grandgirard J, Hoddle MS, Petit JN, Roderick GK, Davies N (2009) Classical biological control of the glassy-winged sharpshooter, Homalodisca vitripennis, by the egg parasitoid Gonatocerus ashmeadi in the Society, Marquesas and Australs archipelagos of French Polynesia. Biological Control 48, 155-163.
    • Lozier JD, Roderick GK, Mills NJ (2009) Molecular markers reveal geographic, but not host associated, genetic differentiation in the aphid parasitoid Aphidius transcaspicus a parasitoid of the aphid genus Hyalopterus. Bulletin of Entomological Research 99, 83-96.
    • Lozier JD, Roderick GK, Mills NJ (2009) Tracing the invasion history of mealy plum aphid, Hyalopterus pruni (Hemiptera: Aphididae), in North America: a population genetics approach. Biological Invasions 11, 299-314.
    • Petit JN, Hoddle MS, Grandgirard J, Roderick GK, Davies N (2009) Successful spread of a biocontrol agent reveals a biosecurity failure: Elucidating long distance invasion pathways for Gonatocerus ashmeadi in French Polynesia. BioControl 54, 485-495.
    • Charlat S, Duplouy A, Hornett E, Dyson E, Davies N, Roderick GK, Wedell N, Hurst GDD (2009) The joint evolutionary histories of Wolbachia and mitochondria in Hypolimnas bolina. Bmc Evolutionary Biology 9, 64.
    • Roderick GK, Gillespie RG (2009) Island biogeography. In: Encyclopedia of Insects, 2nd edition (eds. Resh VH, Carde R), pp. 533-535. Academic Press, San Diego.
    • Roderick GK, Navajas M (2009) Genetic variation. In: Encyclopedia of Insects, 2nd edition (eds. Resh VH, Carde R), pp. 416-419. Academic Press, San Diego.
    • Roderick GK, Vernon P (2009) Biological invasions. In: Encyclopedia of Islands (eds. Gillespie RG, Clague DA), pp. 475-480. University of California Press, Berkeley.
    • Schoville SD, Roderick GK (2009) Alpine biogeography of Parnassian butterflies during Quaternary climate cycles in North America. Molecular Ecology 18, 3471-3485.