Progress 01/01/09 to 12/31/09
Outputs
OUTPUTS: An experiment was conducted to determine if curcuminoids from turmeric would prevent or reduce the toxic effects of AFB1 in weanling pigs fed dietary treatments for 21 days.On day 14 post weaning, 30 crossbred weanling pigs were weighed, ear-tagged, and placed in individual pens with ad libitum access to feed and water. A 3 x 2 factorial design [3 concentrations of AFB1 and two levels of curcuminoids (TCMN)] was used with 5 pigs assigned to each of 6 dietary treatments from day 14 to day 35 post weaning. Dietary treatments included: A) basal diet (BD) containing no AFB1 or TCMN; B) BD supplemented with 0.5 mg AFB1/kg of diet; C) BD supplemented with 1.0 mg AFB1/kg diet; D) BD supplemented with 220 mg TCMN/kg diet; E) BD supplemented with 220 mg TCMN/kg diet and 0.5 mg AFB1/kg diet; and F) BD supplemented with 220 mg TCMN/kg diet and 1.0 mg AFB1/kg diet. Curcuminoids were supplied by turmeric powder containing 3.29% TCMN. AFB1 was supplied by Aspergillus parasiticus (NRRL 2999) culture material containing 750 mg AFB1/kg culture material. Feed intake (FI) and body weight gain (BWG) were reduced (P < 0.05) by AFB1 but were not affected (P > 0.05) by TCMN. No AFB1 by TCMN interactions (P > 0.05) were observed for FI or BWG. There was, however, a significant AFB1 by TCMN interaction (P < 0.05) observed for feed efficiency (G:F). TCMN decreased G:F in pigs fed no AFB1, had no effect in pigs fed 0.5 mg AFB1/kg diet, but increased G:F in pigs fed 1 mg AFB1/kg diet. Relative kidney weights were not affected (P > 0.05) by dietary treatments. In contrast, relative liver weights increased (P < 0.05) in pigs fed AFB1 and in pigs fed TCMN. No AFB1 by TCMN interactions (P > 0.05) were observed for relative kidney or relative liver weight. Serum concentrations of urinary nitrogen, creatinine, Na, K, Ca, P, Mg, albumen, globulin, total protein, GGT and CPK were not affected (P > 0.05) by dietary treatments. Serum AST was increased in pigs fed AF (P < 0.05), as compared with controls, but was not affected (P > 0.05) by TCMN. There appeared to be a subtle increase in hepatocyte vacuolation associated with AF exposure. Results indicate that TCMN was not effective in reducing or preventig the toxic effects of AFB1. PARTICIPANTS: Participants in the project included the following faculty, staff, and students. R. Gelven-Research Specialist/Graduate student. R. Murarolli - PhD graduate student. L. Brand - graduate student. T. Evans - Toxicologist, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri. C. Reddy - Faculty, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, and G. Rottinghaus - Chemist, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri. Studenta all received training in the planning, conduct, and analyses of an experiment evaluating the efficacy of a natural antioxidant to reduce or prevent the toxic effects of AF in weanling pigs. TARGET AUDIENCES: The target audience for this research will include professionals working in the area of mycotoxins, swine producers, and animal health proessionals. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.
Impacts
Dietary concentrations of AF as low as 0.5 mg/kg diet depressed growth performance of weanling pigs. Curcuminoids from turmeric at 220 mg/kg diet was only marginally effective in preventing or reducing the toxic effects of AFB1.
Publications
- Schatzmayr, G., D. Schatzmayr, D. R. Ledoux, A. J. Bermudez, and G. E. Rottinghaus. 2009. Efficacy of characterized adsorbents to ameliorate the toxic effects of aflatoxin B1 in broiler chickens. Poultry Sci. 88(Suppl. 1):38.
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