Progress 10/01/08 to 09/30/13
Outputs
Target Audience: It is a goal of this project to extend the findings from this research project to producers, county agents, consultants, and scientists not only in Louisiana but around the world. Training seminars and hands-on educational opportunities, both formal and informal, were conducted. The results were presented at field days, parish meetings, national and regional scientific and grower meetings. Graduate students working under this projectlearned and evaluated new toolsused to manage weeds in rice. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Several students completed their advanced degrees duringthis project. S. L. Bottoms - Ph.D., T. P. Carlson - M.S., J. B. Hensley - Ph.D., Julian M. Beuzelin - Ph.D., Natalie Levy - MS Ag., Rakesh K. Godara - Ph.D. Other students are currently working on advanced degrees, J.C. Fish – M.S., B. McKnight – Ph.D., Josh T. Copes - Ph.D. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Field Day and Extension Education Presentations: Weed management options in rice. St. Landry Parish Field Day, Bunkie, LA - July, 2013 Rice weed management. Jefferson Davis Parish Field Day; Iowa, LA - July, 2013 Weed management in rice. Vermilion Parish Field Day; Lake Arthur, LA - July, 2013 Rice weed management. Acadia Parish Field Day; Crowley, LA - June, 2013 New herbicides for use in rice. Rice Research Station Field Day; Crowley, LA - June, 2013 Rice weed management in north Louisiana. NE Research Sta. Field Day, St. Joe, LA - June, 2013 Herbicide drift in rice. Evangeline Parish Field Day; Mamou, LA - May, 2013 What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Objective 1. Studies were established to evaluate imazethapyr or imazamox plus propanil or a pre-package mixture of propanil plus thiobencarbwere evaluated for synergism for red rice control.Red rice control increased by approximately 10% with imazethapyr or imazamoxmixed with propanil. Similar results were observed for barnyardgrass control with imazethapyr, but not with imazamox. This can be attributed to increased activity of imazamoxon onbarnyardgrass.A herbicide mixturecan be beneficial when broad spectrum control is needed. Studiesevaluated several broadleaf herbicides for control of ducksalad. The first postemergence timing was applied to ducksalad in the cotyledon stage and the second application timing wasdone when ducksalad reached the spoon stage.Control with preemergence herbicide lasted for approximately 2 WAT; however, this allowed rice to become more competitive with the weed and therefore reduce competition. Ducksalad control with penoxsulam applied preemergence was 63% at 35 DAT, and was the only herbicide applied preemergence that controlled ducksalad above 60% at that rating. Imazethapyr, imazamox, and penoxsulam were the most consistent when applied postemergence to cotyledon and spooning ducksalad. Objective 2: Field studies were conducted near Crowley, LA, to evaluate the effects of simulated herbicide drift on ‘Cocodrie’ rice. Each application was made with the spray volume varying proportionally to herbicide dosage based on a constant spray volume of 234 L/ha and an imazethapyr rate of 70 g ai/ha. The 6.3% (4.4 g/ha) herbicide rate was applied at a spray volume of 15 L/ha and the 12.5% (8.7 g/ha) herbicide rate was applied at a spray volume of 29 L/ ha. An application of imazethapyr at one-tiller, panicle differentiation (PD), and boot resulted in increased crop injury compared with the nontreated rice. The most injury occurred on rice treated at the one-tiller timing. Imazethapyr applied at one-tiller, PD, and boot stages reduced plant height at harvest. The greatest reduction in primary crop yield resulted from imazethapyr applied at boot. Imazethapyr did not affect rice whentreated at primary crop maturity. Objective 3. Rice treated with imazethapyr plus Stam M4, RiceShot, or Stam EDF applied EPOST produced higher rough rice yields compared with the same propanil formulations added a late post imazethapyr application. Rice treated with imazethapyr plus Stam M4 or RiceShot applied early post (EPOST)increased rough rice yield compared with rice treated with Stam SC at the same timing. No differences early post in rough rice yield were observed when rice was treated with imazethapyr plus any propanil formulation applied LPOST.The addition of propanil to imazethapyr increased rough rice yield because of increased weed control. Also, rough rice yield can be maximized by including one of these propanil formulations, except Stam SC, in the EPOST application of an imazethapyr herbicide program. Profitability of these herbicide programs was determined by evaluating total value product, which was calculated by multiplyingrough rice yield by price.The effect of propanil in mixture with imazethapyr on rough rice yield and qualityaffected total productvalue.The net returns above herbicide cost was calculated by subtracting the cost of the herbicide from total value product. The standard imazethapyr program resulted in a total productvalueof $1,210/ha. The standard imazethapyr program cost $90/ha, resulting in net return of $1,120/ha. Programs that included propanil in the EPOST imazethapyr application or SuperWham in the LPOST applicationincreasedtotal productvalueof $390 to $830/ha compared with the standard program. Observations were similar for the net returns above herbicide cost. Programs that included propanil in the EPOST imazethapyr application, except for Stam SC, or SuperWham applied in the LPOST application increased net returns above herbicide cost by 40 to 70% compared with the standard program. Even though total value product was increased with Stam SC,no differences in net returns were observedbecause of the increased herbicide cost associated with Stam SC. Also, directly reflecting rough rice yield, total product value and the net returns above herbicide cost increased when Stam M4, RiceShot, or Stam EDF was applied EPOST compared with these products applied LPOST. Imazethapyrplus Stam M4 or RiceShot applied EPOSTincreased total productvalueand net returns compared with adding Stam SC.No differences in total product valuewere observed between propanil formulations applied LPOST. However, because of differences in herbicide cost, imazethapyr applied LPOST plus SuperWham increasednet returns compared with adding Stam SC.The addition of propanil to imazethapyrincreased profits, even though cost of treatment increased. This increase in profit was due to increased weed control and higher rough rice yield increasing total product value, which made up for the additional herbicide cost. Also, net returns were increased when herbicide programs in this study included propanil in the initial herbicide application. The addition of propanil to imazethapyr proved to be beneficial in a total weed management program. However, the addition of propanil in the EPOST timing tended to be more advantageous than adding to the LPOST timing. Herbicide programs evaluated in this study resulted in higher rough rice yields and net returns when the EPOST application includedpropanil. Herbicide programs that included Stam M4 or RiceShot in the EPOST application maximized rice overall economic returns.Increased weed pressure, even over a short period of time, decreased rice yield.Producers should treat weed problems early. When weeds are controlled early, thus reducing weed competition, rice plants produce higher yields, which in turn will produce higher profits. In this study, economic returns were increased by 29 to 70% when propanil was added to imazethapyr applied EPOST.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Hensley, J.B., E. P. Webster, D.C. Blouin, D.L. Harrell, and J.A. Bond. 2013. Response of rice to glyphosate drift. Weed Technol. 27:257-262.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Knott, C.A., E.P. Webster, and P. Nabukalu. 2013. Control of smooth cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora) seedlings with four herbicides. J. Aquat. Plant Manage. 51:in press.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Levy, N.J, C.A. Knott, E. P. Webster, J.B. Hensley, D.C. Blouin, and Y. Yang. 2013. Chemical control of weeds and genetic off-types in smooth cordgrass (Spartina alternifolia) production ponds. Ecological Rest. 31(1):19-22.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Fickett, N.D., E.P. Webster, B.M. McKnight, and J.C. Fish. 2013. Timing of herbicide programs for broadleaf and sedge weed control in rice. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 66:50.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Fickett, N.D., E.P. Webster, B.M. McKnight, and J.C. Fish. 2013. Impact of hemp sesbania and Indian jointvetch in Clearfield rice. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 66:121.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Fickett, N.D., E.P. Webster, B.M. McKnight, and J.C. Fish. 2013. Herbicide efficacy on broadleaf and sedge weed control in rice. Weed Sci. Soc. Am. Abstr. 53: http://wssaabstracts.com/public/17/abstract-10.html. Accessed July 12, 2013.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Fish, J.C., E.P. Webster, N.D. Fickett, and B.M. McKnight. 2013. Weed management in Clearfield rice. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 66:137.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Fish, J.C., E.P. Webster, B.M. McKnight, N.D. Fickett and J.A. Bond. 2013. Newpath + propanil interactions influence weed control in Clearfield rice. Weed Sci. Soc. Am. Abstr. 53: http://wssaabstracts.com/public/17/abstract-13.html. Accessed July 12, 2013.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
McKnight, B.M., E.P. Webster, J.C. Fish, and N.D. Fickett. 2013. New herbicide options for rice production. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 66:201.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
McKnight, B.M., E.P. Webster, J.C. Fish, and N.D. Fickett. 2013. Broad-spectrum weed control options for rice production. Weed Sci. Soc. Am. Abstr. 53: http://wssaabstracts.com/public/17/abstract-8.html. Accessed July 12, 2013.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Webster, E. P. 2013. Herbicide drift: Past, present, and future. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 66:223.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Webster, E.P., J.C. Fish, N.D. Fickett, and B.M. McKnight. 2013. New weed management options for rice production. Weed Sci. Soc. Am. Abstr. 53:http://wssaabstracts.com/public/17/abstract-9.html. Accessed July 12, 2013.
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Progress 01/01/12 to 12/31/12
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Two scientific articles were published concerning Texasweed control and competition in rice. One scientific paper was published concerning herbicide drift. Thirteen presentations were delivered at three professional society conferences and meetings. Results were extended to producers, consultants, and county agents at 12 grower meetings and field days. PARTICIPANTS: Eric P. Webster, (PI), Steve D. Linscombe, Dustin L. Harrell, David C. Blouin, Ronald J. Levy, Jr., Justin B. Hensley, Tyler Carlson, Caleb Fish, Nathanael D. Fickett, LSU AgCenter; Jason L. Bond, Mississippi State University Delta Research and Extension Center. TARGET AUDIENCES: Target Audiences: Producers, county agents, consultants, and scientists, not only in Louisiana, but around the world. Graduate students working under this project are constantly learning and evaluating new tools that can be used to manage weeds in rice. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.
Impacts
Several studies established in 2012 evaluated Newpath or Beyond Plus propanil or RiceBeaux Synergism. Four studies in Louisiana were replicated in Mississippi to evaluate the potential for increased weed control with the addition of propanil or RiceBeaux. Red rice control increased by approximately 10% with Newpath and Beyond when mixed with propanil at 3 to 4 qt/A or RiceBeaux at 4 pt/A. Similar results were observed for barnyardgrass control with Newpath mixed but not with Beyond. The addition of a second herbicide can be beneficial when broad spectrum control was needed. A multiple year study initially in 2011 evaluated the competitiveness of hemp sesbania and Indian jointvetch with rice. Densities of 0.25 to 8 plants/yd2 were established. Two to eight plants/yd2 impacted yield with both species. Higher disease pressure under the higher weed densities may be due to preventing the fungicide from contacting the rice plants. Another study evaluated several broadleaf herbicides for control of ducksalad. Rice was not seeded in order to eliminate any competition from rice with ducksalad. The initial flood was removed 48 hours after flooding and herbicides with residual activity were applied 24 hours later as a preemergence application prior to ducksalad emergence. Two postemergence timings were evaluated. The first postemergence timing was applied to ducksalad in the cotyledon stage and the second application timing was applied when ducksalad reached the spoon stage. Control with preemergence herbicide lasted for approximately 2 WAT; however, this period allowed rice to become more competitive with the weed and therefore reduce competition. Ducksalad control with Grasp applied preemergence was 63% at 35 DAT, and was the only herbicide applied preemergence that controlled ducksalad above 60%. Newpath, Beyond, and Grasp were the most consistent when applied postemergence to cotyledon and spooning ducksalad. In 2011 and 2012, seven experimental herbicides and numerous adjuvants were evaluated for potential use in rice.
Publications
- E.P. Webster, T.P. Carlson, M. E. Salassi, and J. B. Hensley. 2012. Imazethapyr plus a herbicide with soil residual activity in imidazolinone-resistant rice. Weed Technol. 26:410-416.
- Fickett, N.D., E.P. Webster, J.C. Fish, and E.L.Thevis. 2012. Postemergence control of Indian jointvetch and hemp sesbania in rice. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 65:121.
- Fish, J.C., E.P. Webster, J.A. Bond, E.L. Thevis, and N.D. Fickett. 2012. Herbicide mixture may increase activity of Newpath and red rice. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 65:73.
- Godara, R.K., B.J. Williams, E.P. Webster, J.L. Griffin, and J.P. Geaghan. 2012. Texasweed (Caperonia palustris) interference in drill-seeded rice. Weed Technol. 26:356-363.
- Godara, R.K., B.J. Williams, E.P. Webster, J.L. Griffin, and D.K. Miller. 2012. Evaluation of imazosulfuron for broadleaf weed control in drill-seeded rice. Weed Technol. 26:19-23.
- Hensley, J.B., E.P. Webster, D.C. Blouin, D.L. Harrell, and J.A. Bond. 2012. Impact of drift rates of imazethapyr and low carrier volume drift on non-Clearfield rice. Weed Technol. 26:236-242.
- Levy, R.J., E.P. Webster, Thevis, E.L., J.C. Fish, and N.D. Fickett. 2012. Glyphosate delays maturity in rice grown for crawfish. Weed Sci. Soc. Am. Abstr. 52:30.
- Thevis, E.L., E.P. Webster, J.C. Fish, and N.D. Fickett. 2012. Glyphosate for rice seedhead suppression in rice produced for crawfish. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 65:2.
- Webster, E.P. 2012. Pest of the quarter knotgrass. LSU AgCtr. Rice Res. Stn. Newsl. 9(4):3.
- Webster, E.P. 2012. Pest of the quarter broadleaf signalgrass. LSU AgCtr. Rice Res. Stn. Newsl. 9(2):5.
- Webster E.P., J.C. Fish, N.D. Fickett, and E.L. Thevis. 2012. Crop response from Permit Plus and malathion mixture. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 65:120.
- Webster E.P., J.C. Fish, N.D. Fickett, and E.L. Thevis. 2012. Malathion interacts with ALS herbicides in rice. Weed Sci. Soc. Am. Abstr. 52:31.
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Progress 01/01/11 to 12/31/11
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Research involving herbicide interactions resulted in one technical paper, two scientific presentations, and two abstracts. These publications were targeted to the scientific and lay communities. Results were extended to producers, consultants, and county agents through 10 grower meetings and field days. Herbicide drift research in this project resulted in two abstracts from presentations at professional meetings and one extension publication. Cooperative research with an agricultural economist resulted in four technical papers on the economics of Clearfield rice. Three publications revolved around herbicide activity and timing and rice weed management and rice tolerance to herbicides. PARTICIPANTS: Eric P. Webster (PI), Steve D. Linscombe, Dustin L. Harrell, David C. Blouin, Ronald J. Levy, Jr., Justin B. Hensley, Tyler Carlson, Caleb Fish, Jason L. Bond, and Nathanael D. Fickett, LSU AgCenter; Timothy W. Walker, Mississippi State University Delta Research and Extension Center. TARGET AUDIENCES: Producers, county agents, consultants, graduate students and scientists not only in Louisiana but around the world. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.
Impacts
Several studies evaluated the interaction between Newpath or Beyond plus Stam or RiceBeaux. Red rice control increased by 10% with Newpath and Beyond when mixed with Stam at 3 to 4 qt/A or RiceBeaux at 4 pt/A . Similar results were observed for barnyardgrass control with Newpath tank-mixed, but not with Beyond. A mixture of herbicides can be beneficial when broad spectrum control is needed. A multiple year study was established in 2011 to evaluate the competitiveness of hemp sesbania and Indian jointvetch with rice. Densities of 0.25 to 8 plants/yd2 were established. These densities indicated that 2 to 8 plants/yd2 may be impacting yield with both species. Visual observations indicated disease pressure is higher under the higher weed densities. This higher disease pressure may be due to preventing the fungicide from contacting the rice plants. Four studies evaluated control of hemp sesbania and Indian jointvetch with four application timings (early postemergence, mid-postemergence, late postemergence and salvage). Halomax and Permit Plus provided the most consistent control and yields for the early timing. Halomax Permit Plus, Regiment, Strata, and Grasp were the most effective at the mid timing, and the same herbicides plus League for the late timing. All products provided control and improved yields when applied at the salvage timing. Yields decreased as initial timing was delayed and indicates that control measures should be initiated as early as possible. A study was established in 2010 evaluated problems that have been observed with hybrid rice dormancy. CL 151 and CLXL 745 were maintained weed free throughout the growing season. Seed dormancy was observed in samples of CL 151 and CLXL 745. In 2011, 2.5 acre blocks were planted to a rotation, including 1.25 acres of soybean and a non-rotation of 1.25 acres of Clearfield 131 and CLXL 745. A small level of infestation occurred from the dormant hybrid but was very limited, approximately 5 plants observed in the hybrid area. No dormancy issues were observed in the CL151/CL 131 area. A study was also established three years ago at a common location, and results indicated a one year rotation is not enough to eliminate a seed dormancy issue.
Publications
- Blouin, D.C., E. P. Webster, and J.P. Bond. 2011. On the analysis of combined experiments. Weed Technol. 25:165-169.
- Bond, J.A., E. P. Webster, J.B. Hensley, and T.W. Eubank. 2011. What is the value of Sharpen in rice weed control programs Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 64:13.
- Bottoms, S.L., E. P. Webster, J.B. Hensley, and D.C. Blouin. 2011. Effects of herbicides on growth and vegetative reproduction potential of creeping rivergrass (Echinochloa polystachya). Weed Technol. 25:262-267.
- Carlson, T.P., E. P. Webster, M.E. Salassi, J.B. Hensley, and D.C. Blouin. 2011. Imazethapyr plus propanil programs in imidazolinone-resistant rice. Weed Technol. 25:204-211.
- Fickett, N.D., E. P. Webster, T.P. Carlson, J.B. Hensley, and J.C. Fish. 2011. Herbicide-mixtures that synergize imazethapyr. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 64:56.
- Fish, J.C., E. P. Webster, J.B. Hensley, and N.D. Fickett. 2011. Effects of AMS substitutes on Newpath. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 64:54.
- Godara, R.K., B.J. Williams, and E. P. Webster. 2011 Texasweed (Caperonia palustris) can survive and reproduce in 20-cm flood. Weed Technol. 25:667-673.
- Hensley, J.B., E.P. Webster, and B. Schultz. 2011. Creating a photographic guide to identify herbicide drift in rice. Weed Sci. Soc. Am. Abstr. 51:72.
- Webster, E. P., T.P. Carlson, and M.E. Salassi. 2011. Residual herbicides improve profits with Clearfield rice. Louisiana Agric. 53(3):18-19.
- Webster, E. P., T.P. Carlson, and M.E. Salassi. 2011. Spend more, make more: Propanil mixed with Newpath increases Clearfield rice yields, if weed treated early. Louisiana Agric. 53(1):10-11.
- Webster, E. P., T.P. Carlson, M.E. Salassi, J.A. Bond. 2011. Apply Newpath early: Maximize returns of Clearfield rice. Louisiana Agric. 53(1):12-13.
- Webster E. P. and J.B. Hensley. 2011. Herbicide-mixtures that synergize imazethapyr. Weed Sci. Soc. Am. Abstr. 51:308.
- Webster, E. P., J.B. Hensley, J.C. Fish, and N.D. Fickett. 2011. ALS herbicides on Clearfield rice. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 64:55.
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Progress 01/01/10 to 12/31/10
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Based on research involving herbicide interactions, one technical paper was published and one scientific presentation was given at professional meetings which resulted in one abstract. The research results were extended to producers, consultants, and county agents through 10 grower meetings and field days. Herbicide drift research conducted under this project resulted in two abstracts from presentations at professional meetings. Cooperative research with Agricultural Economist resulted in two abstracts on the economics of Clearfield rice. Five publications revolved around herbicide activity and timing and rice weed management and rice tolerance to herbicides. PARTICIPANTS: Eric P. Webster, PI, Professor, Weed Science, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center; Steve D. Linscombe, Professor, Rice Breeder, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Rice Research Station; Dustin L. Harrell, Assistant Professor, Soil Fertility, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Rice Research Station; David C. Blouin, Professor, Statistician, Louisiana State University; Ronald J. Levy, Jr., Soybean Specialist Agent, Louisiana State University Cooperative Extension Service; Justin B. Hensley, Research Associate, Weed Science, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center; Tyler Carlson, Graduate Assistant, Weed Science, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center; Caleb Fish, Graduate Assistant, Weed Science, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center; Jason L. Bond, Assistant Professor, Weed Science, Mississippi State University Delta Research and Extension Center; Timothy W. Walker, Associate Professor, Agronomist, Mississippi State University Delta Research and Extension Center TARGET AUDIENCES: It is always a goal of this project to extend the findings from this research project to producers, county agents, consultants, and scientists not only in Louisiana but around the world. Training seminars and hands-on educational opportunities, both formal and informal, are continually being conducted. The results are often presented at field days, parish meetings, national and regional scientific and grower meetings. Graduate students working under this project are constantly learning and evaluating new tools that can be used to manage weeds in rice. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.
Impacts
Several studies were established in 2010 to evaluate different ammonium sulfate formulations. Ammonium sulfate has been used in spray solutions to buffer high pH water used as a carrier to lower pH values. Six studies were established to evaluate the impact pH change of water has on the activity of Permit at 0.75 oz/A, Regiment at 0.5 oz/A, Grasp at 2 oz/A, Newpath at 4 oz/A, Beyond at 5 oz/A, and V-10142 at 3.2 oz/A. Water pH was adjusted from the base pH found in the water supply of 8.2 to pH values of 9, 7, and 5. No benefit or increased activity was observed by adjusting the pH value to less than 7. This work was also conducted in Mississippi, Texas, and Arkansas and similar results were observed at each location. A study was established to evaluate Newpath and propanil formulations and application timings in Clearfield rice. Results show that Newpath at 4 oz/A plus propanil at 3 qt/A applied at the first application timing followed by Newpath at 4 oz/A applied alone in the second application increased weed control, yield and increased net returns over herbicide costs compared with Newpath applied alone at the two application timings or with the addition of propanil in the second application timing. The addition of propanil in the first application of Newpath increased net returns by an average of 53%, and the addition of propanil in the second application increased returns by an average of 20% compared with a Newpath only program. A study was established to evaluate RiceBeaux, a pre-package mix of propanil plus thiobencarb. In-order to obtain the residual control from the thiobencarb portion of this mix, a rate of 1 gal per acre must be used. It is also important for this product to receive a surface irrigation or rainfall soon after application to get the full benefit of the propanil portion of the mix. In initial tolerance trials, little to no cultivar or hybrid tolerance issues were observed. In 2010, RiceBeaux was evaluated with Newpath. The 2010 study indicates an increase in control of red rice with the addition of RiceBeaux at 2.5 qt/A. A study was established to evaluate herbicides with ALS activity on Clearfield rice and a Clearfield hybrid. Injury ratings and plant heights were recorded throughout the growing season as well as yield. Newpath at 6 oz/A plus Command at 12 oz/A was applied at emergence to help maintain the area weed free. At 10 days after the initial treatment a different ALS herbicide was applied as an alternative to Newpath at a rate two times higher than the labeled rate. The herbicides evaluated in were: Cadre at 8 oz/A, Arsenal at 6 oz/A, Accent at 1.3 oz/A, Beacon at 1.52 oz/A, Resolve at 2 oz/A, Certainty at 2.5 oz/A, Envoke at 0.3 oz/A, Classic at 1 oz/A, Ally XP at 2 oz/A, Glean at 0.66 oz/A, Python at 0.25 oz/A, FirstRate at 0.6 oz/A, Harmony SG at 1.5 oz/A, Express at 0.66 oz/A, Staple at 3.8 oz/A, and Scepter at 5.6 oz/A. Yield was not impacted by Envoke and Certainty but the injury was unacceptable. Accent is a herbicide that has excellent broadleaf and grass activity, especially red rice, and would have a potential fit in an ALS resistant rice system
Publications
- Blouin, D.C., E. P. Webster, and J.P. Bond. 2010. Analysis of synergisim and antagonism joint-action effects with fenoxaprop mixtures in rice (Oryza sativa). Weed Technol. 24:583-589.
- Bottoms, S.L., E. P. Webster, and J.B. Hensley. 2010 Rice tolerance to herbicides. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 63:109.
- Bond, J. A., E.P. Webster, J. K. Manning, J.B. McDuffie. 2010. Efficacy of fenoxaprop tank-mixed with other herbicides. Rice Tech. Wrkg. Grp. 33:153.
- Carlson, T.P., E. P. Webster, S.L. Bottoms, J.B. Hensley, and J.A. Bond. 2010. Economic evaluations of imazethapyr rates and timings. Rice Tech. Wrkg. Grp. 33:159.
- Carlson, T.P., E. P. Webster, S.L. Bottoms, J.B. Hensley, and J.A. Bond. 2010. Value of Clearfield rice: An agronomic and economic approach. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 63:224.
- Fish, J.C., E. P. Webster, S.L. Bottoms, J.B. Hensley and T.P. Carlson. 2010. Competitiveness of rice hybrids in rice. Rice Tech. Wrkg. Grp. 33:159.
- Fish, J.C., E. P. Webster, S.L. Bottoms, J.B. Hensley and T.P. Carlson. 2010. Rice hybrids as weeds. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 63:9.
- Hensley, J.B., E. P. Webster, D.L. Harrell, S.L. Bottoms, T.P. Carlson, J.C. Fish, and J.A. Bond. 2010. Impact of simulated herbicide drift on rice grown for seed. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 63:127.
- Hensley, J.B., E. P. Webster, D.L. Harrell, J.A. Bond, S.L. Bottoms, T.P. Carlson, and J.C. Fish. 2010. Seed response of rice to sublethal herbicide rates applied to simulated drift. Rice Tech. Wrkg. Grp. 33:39.
- Webster, E. P., J. A. Bond, J. B. Hensley, S. L. Bottoms, T.P. Carlson, and J.C. Fish. 2010. Rice weed management in Louisiana rice and Mississippi. Rice Tech. Wrkg. Grp. 33:152.
- Webster, E. P., S. L. Bottoms, J. B. Hensley, and J. A. Bond. 2010. Water conditioners and spray additives with rice herbicides. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 63:108.
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Progress 01/01/09 to 12/31/09
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Based on research involving creeping rivergrass (Echinochloa polystachya), one semi-technical paper was published and one scientific presentation were given at professional meetings which resulted in one abstract. These publications were targeted to the scientific and lay communities. The research results were extended to producers, consultants, and county agents through 10 grower meetings and field days. Herbicide drift research conducted under this project resulted in one semi-technical paper and two abstracts from presentations at professional meetings. One abstract was a result of an invitation to speak at the Conservation Tillage Cotton and Rice Conference and moderate a symposium at the same conference. Cooperative research with Agricultural Economist resulted in a refereed journal article concerning weed management in a crawfish rice rotation. Two other publications revolved around herbicide activity and timing and rice weed management. PARTICIPANTS: Eric P. Webster, PI, Professor, Weed Science, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center Steve D. Linscombe, Professor, Rice Breeder, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Rice Research Station Dustin L. Harrell, Assistant Professor, Soil Fertility, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Rice Research Station David C. Blouin, Professor, Statistician, Louisiana State University Ronald J. Levy, Jr., County Agent, Louisiana State University Cooperative Extension Service Sunny L. Bottoms, Research Associate, Weed Science, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center Justin B. Hensley, Research Associate, Weed Science, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center Tyler Carlson, Graduate Assistant, Weed Science, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center Caleb Fish, Graduate Assistant, Weed Science, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center Jason L. Bond, Assistant Professor, Weed Science, Mississippi State University Delta Research and Extension Center Timothy W. Walker, Associate Professor, Agronomist, Mississippi State University Delta Research and Extension Center TARGET AUDIENCES: Target Audiences: It is always a goal of this project to extend the findings from this research project to producers, county agents, consultants, and scientists not only in Louisiana but around the world. Training seminars and hands-on educational opportunities, both formal and informal, are continually being conducted. The results are often presented at field days, parish meetings, national and regional scientific and grower meetings. Graduate students working under this project are constantly learning and evaluating new tools that can be used to manage weeds in rice. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.
Impacts
Ammonium sulfate has been used in spray solutions to buffer the water used as a carrier with high pH vales to lower pH values. Water with low pH values is important when applying Roundup (glyphosate) and several other herbicides. The four formulations evaluated were the dry sprayable Ammonium sulfate (AMS), Alliance, Quest, and Choice. Preliminary lab studies were established to determine the amount of pH adjustment of each formulation. Dry sprayable AMS and Alliance adjusted Rice Research Station tap water from 8.3 to 7.0 and 7.1, respectively. Choice adjusted the pH to 5.5 and Quest to 3.5. Data indicates all of the formulations are similar from a weed control standpoint. Dry AMS and Alliance appear to be the most consistent followed by Choice and then Quest. Quest may adjust the pH too low which may cause unforeseen problems. A pH of 3.5 can cause many things to occur in a spray mixture. If one chooses to use an AMS or AMS substitute to add to a spray mixture the use of dry AMS or the liquid formulation Alliance would be the most beneficial. Data indicate that Choice may be beneficial to a Clincher (cyhalofop) application. Permit (halosulfuron) and Grasp (penoxulam) were evaluated along with three experimental herbicides for control of ducksalad. V-10142 applied preemergence did not control ducksalad at the level observed in 2007; however, a delayed preemergence treatment followed by a postemergence application provided suppression. The best herbicide available for control of ducksalad is Grasp. Ducksalad control was 85% at 28 DAT for a delayed preemergence Grasp application to 96% with two applications of 2 oz/A. A study was established this year to evaluate the potential of hybrid rice as weeds. The hybrids used in this study were Arize, CLXL 745, CLXL 729, and XL 723. In 2010, the F1 and F2 hybrids will be evaluated. The hybrids we established at populations of 0, 1, 2, and 4 plants per square yard. CL 131 was planted at 60 lb/A. With each hybrid as densities increased CL 131 tiller numbers, and seed head numbers decreased. When densities reached 4 plant/yd2 yield decreased 16% from Arize, 19% from CLXL 745 and CLXL 729, and 24% from XL 723 compared with no hybrid planted with CL 131. These data indicate all of the hybrids are strong competitors with rice and cannot be allowed to shatter or outcross when grown as crops the previous year. Short Grain: Pirogue; medium grains: Neptune, Jupiter, Bengal; Long Grain: Catahoula; Aromatic: Jazzman; Hybrids: Arize and CLXL 745 were evaluated in a water-seeded trials for tolerance to Ricestar HT (fenoxaprop) applied at 17 and 24 oz/A early postemergence and late postemergence. At 8 days after EPOST injury was 15 to 34% for all lines evaluated. Pirogue injury was the most severe with 30 to 34% injury. Pirogue injury was above 20% at 28 days after early postemergence application. As rice matured injury was less severe for late postemergence applications. At 21 days after late postemergence application no visual injury was observed except on Arize. Early season injury did not translate into a yield reduction.
Publications
- Bottoms, S.L., E.P. Webster and J.B. Hensley. 2009. Management of creeping rivergrass. Louis. Agric. 51(1):12-13.
- Bottoms, S.L., E.P. Webster, J.B. Hensley, and T.P. Carlson. 2009. Management of creeping rivergrass in rice production. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 62:433.
- Carlson, T.P., E.P. Webster, J.B. Hensley, and S.L. Bottoms. 2009. Economics of Clearfield rice production. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 62:128.
- Hensley, J.B., E.P. Webster, S.L. Bottoms and T.P. Carlson. 2009. Response of non-transgenic rice to simulated glyphosate and imazethapyr drift. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 62:303.
- Salassi, M.E., M.A. Deliberto, and E.P. Webster. 2009. Enterprise cost assignment and land tenure implications in crop rotation systems: A rice/crawfish rotation cost study. J. Farm Manage. and Rural Appr. 72(1):43-50.
- Webster, E.P. 2009. Rice weed control in Louisiana. Proc. South. Weed Sci. Soc. 62:308.
- Webster, E.P., S.L. Bottoms, J.B. Hensley, and T.P. Carlson. 2009. Rice Weed Science 2009 Annual Research Report. LSU AgCenter Pub. RS-2009-306-3899, 346 pp.
- Hensley, J.B., E.P. Webster, D.L. Harrell and S.L. Bottoms. 2009. Herbicide drift in rice. Louis. Agric. 51(1):6-7.
- Webster, E.P. and R. Levy. 2009. Weed Management. In J. Saichuk, ed. Louisiana Rice Production Handbook. LSU AgCenter Pub 2321(3M), p. 46-71.
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