Progress 08/15/08 to 08/14/11
Outputs
OUTPUTS: With wood and other plant biomass currently the only major worldwide sustainable sources of bio-fuel and bio-materials, research to understand how fungi regulate the genes involved in selective delignification versus simultaneous decay is being done. A study has begun to determine which lignin peroxidase and which manganese peroxidase genes are being expressed under two types of decay. Evaluations continue into the effectiveness of co-composting process water with wood wastes and chicken manure as a method of remediation. The phytoremediation study demonstrated that aeration combined with nutrient addition significantly reduced biological oxygen demand in water. A novel technique based on the interaction of electromagnetic (EM) fields generated by radio frequency (RF) signal with the dielectric material was used for the nondestructive evaluation of wood-based materials properties. Research into the development of near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy for rapid assessment of wood decay has netted technology to detect wood decay before damage occurs and replacement is required. Studies were performed to determine the production of mucilage by a wood decay fungus, Gloeophyllum trabeum, after exposure to Brefeldin A, a metabolite produced by the fungus Eupenicillium brefeldianum. Results showed that inhibition of protein transport ultimately resulted in cell death and no mucilage production. Leveraging funding from DOE and NSF and in collaboration with the International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China research was conducted involving inorganic nanoparticle impregnation (INI) into the wood cell wall structure to make wood fiber - thermoplastic composites. Treatments improved the compatibility between the cellulosic fiber and polypropylene matrix. Durability testing found that the natural fiber sheet molding compound (SMC) products had less weight loss compared to the glass fiber SMC. Research on "Production of Bio-Energy Feedstocks from Forest Understory Vegetation" was presented at the International FPS meeting. This work will improve knowledge of the potential of understory forest vegetation for production of fuels. Laboratory tests with subterranean termites and various tannins have been completed in an effort to further develop environmentally-benign organic wood preservative systems. A comprehensive review of the formation and function of heartwood has been initiated. The scrimming process was utilized to produce useable fiber from a number of species, processed into TimTek billets, and tested for mechanical properties or made into structural products. The project produced enough beams to obtain a building code report suitable for submission to ICC. An economic analysis of the potentials in establishing Biorefinery Plants in Mississippi resulted in two peer-reviewed publications and scientific posters. Enhancements of an existing Web-based forest inventory DSS system were made. Bioenergy economic development tools, including an integrated growth and yield and biomass/carbon calculator were developed to provide carbon estimates for forest landowners trying to qualify for carbon credit programs. GRAD.STUDENTS=18; FTE=3.0864% PARTICIPANTS: Professors, Assistant and Associate Professors, Research Professors - Susan Diehl, Hamid Borazjani, Jilei Zhang, Philip H. Steele, P. David Jones, Darrel Nicholas, M. Lynn Prewitt, Sheldon Shi, Mike Barnes, Leonard Ingram, E.M. Hassan, Don Grebner, Sanjeev Gajjela, Tor P. Schultz, R. D. Seale, Rubin Shmulsky. Post Doctoral Assistants, Research Associates and Research Staff - Xiaojian Liu, Sangyeob Lee, Brian Mitchell, Jerome Cooper, Linda Sites, Amy Rowlen, John Black (TimTek Plant Manager). Ph.D. Students - Beth Stokes, Jinshu Shi, Wen Che, An Mao, Qi Li, Joseph Dahlen, Priyanka Bhattacharya. Masters Students - Leslie Parker, Hoda Bakhshizadeh, Can Tu, Han Yu, Benny Green, Ignacio Diaz, Javaris Platt. Other MSU Faculty -Walter Diehl, J. Patrick Donohoe. Industrial Partners - An industrial facility producing engineered beams using the TimTekTM process in Meridian; the Westervelt Company provided access to the industrial forest lands on which the production of bio-energy feed stocks study was performed providing information on timber stand treatments. Collaborators - Dr. Sung Phil Mun, a visiting scientist from South Korea. Dr. Norman Lewis, University of Washington at Pullman. TARGET AUDIENCES: International wood protection industry, biomass utilization industry, pulp and paper industry and university/ federal employees that work on wood decay and wood protection; Forest products companies that generate high BOD process water such as Oriented Strand Board (OSB) plants, nurseries, and poultry houses; Wood-based composite manufacturers and their equipment manufacturers; those that deal with decay of wood and need a rapid method to perform measurements; wood protection industry and researchers interested in inhibiting fungal invasion; wood industry, pulp and paper industry, agriculture industry, polymer industry; Forestry land owners and managers; public and private research organizations active in production of fuels from bio-oil; international scientists in the area of wood protection and deterioration; companies, economic development agencies, and/or government entities that have vast raw materials or responsibility for management of forest resources; companies that produce or distribute engineered wood products; and investors looking for new innovative manufacturing technologies with competitive cost advantages over current technologies used by industry. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.
Impacts
Wood blocks of 6 species were inoculated with P. chrysosporium and incubated in decay chambers at 3 different temperatures over 3 months. Understanding the regulation of the decay process allows for development of benign wood protection systems that could target the production or activity of enzymes. This could lead to improved regulation of pretreatment enzymes used in the conversion of biomass into fuels, improved biopulping and improved utilization of biomass for economic importance. Research determined that forest product companies with high BOD process water can produce a value added product on-site from their effluent and wood wastes. Newly developed RF simulation analysis techniques will assist OSB manufacturers in the measurement of in-plane density distribution of composite materials in OSB. We demonstrate that NIR spectroscopy can be used to accurately measure decay in soil block tests. From both the transverse and radial face of samples, decay can be detected much earlier than previously documented using NIR. Remedial treatments may possibly be used before the wood in the structure will be decayed rendering replacement as the only option. Results indicated that at higher concentrations of Brefelden A and longer exposure times, G. trabeum produced a higher percentage of mucilage to mycelia mass. This may be a response by this fungus to the presence of a potentially lethal substance, Brefelden A. The INI process improved the compatibility between the fiber and polymer matrix. The outcome will provide an impact to the utilization of the kenaf bast fiber resources, and help the agricultural, material and automotive industries. With an objective to determine if the harvesting, pyrolysis and upgrading of loblolly pine may be a technically and economically viable approach to add to the biomass available from U.S. forest lands, biomass was harvested from the loblolly pine understory and volume yield computed. Bio-oil was produced from the pyrolysis and yield determined. The understory bio-oils were hydrotreated to produce an upgraded bio-oil. Tannins (antioxidants) from woody plants and were found to repel termites. This further substantiates earlier findings that the antioxidant properties of phenolic extractives, including tannins, helps prevent termite degradation of the heartwood of certain naturally durable species. Industry and woodworkers have become increasingly interested in the TimTek technology. Additional work has been done and reported to cooperating companies that relate to rendering fiber from the TimTek process utilizing species not previously considered. Economic Analysis results provide important information to Mississippi policy makers evaluating the viability of energy source as an alternative fiber market for industrial and non-industrial forest landowners, and communities in Mississippi. A DSS helps assure the sustainable utilization of the State's forest resources and encourages industry investment (new or expansions). KiOR, a forest-based biofuels company has recently announced three plant openings in Mississippi. An estimated 1,000 jobs will be created directly or indirectly as a result of the three biofuel mills.
Publications
- Crosby, M.D. 2011. Consequences of GIS Classification Errors on Bias and Variance of Forest Inventory Estimates: Effects on a Mill Location. PhD Dissertation. Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS. 50 p.
- Green, B., Jones, P.D., Schimleck, L.R., Nicholas, D.D., and Shmulsky, R. (2010). Rapid assessment of southern pine decayed by G. Trabeum by near infrared spectra collected from the radial surface. Wood and Fiber Science 42(4):450-459.
- Green, B., Jones, P.D., Nicholas, D., Schimleck, L., and Shmulsky, R. (2011). Non-destructive assessment of Pinus spp. wafers subjected to Gloeophyllum trabeum in soil block decay tests by diffuse reflectance near infrared spectroscopy. Wood Science and Technology 45:583-595.
- Hanson, K.C., Sites, L.S., Nicholas, D.D. (2010). Methods of studying penetration depth of wood protection products. International Research Group on Wood Protection. IRG/WP/10-20432.
- Henderson, J.E., I.A. Munn, G. Perez-Verdin, and D.L. Grebner. 2008. Forestry in Mississippi: The impact of the forest products industry on the post-Katrina Mississippi Economy: An input-output analysis. Forest and Wildlife Research Center, Research Bulletin FO 374, Mississippi State University. 31pp.
- Hua, J., Chen, G. and Shi, S.Q. (2010). Effect of incorporating chinese poplar in wood chips on fiber refining. Forest Prod. J. 60(4):362 - 365.
- Jackson, M.B. 2011. Predicting the Spatial Distribution of Forest Harvests in Mississippi from Landsat TM Data: Accuracy and Characterization. MS Thesis. Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS. 44 p.
- Lee, S., Shi, S.Q., and Barnes, H. M. (2009). Multifunctional nanoparticles at the hydrophilic and hydrophobic interface. Proceedings, Advanced Biomass Science and Technology for Bio-Based Products. Chinese Academy of Forestry & USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station. Beijing, China. May 23 - 25, 2007. Pp.173 - 181.
- Little, N.S., Nicholas, D.D., Rowlen, A., Schultz, T.P., Shi, S.Q., Sites, L. (2011). Update on BHT, resin acids and organic wood preservative systems and other Items of Interest in Wood Preservation at Mississippi State University. Proceedings, AWPA. (2010). Pp. 328-332.
- Little, N.S., Schultz, T.P., and Nicholas, D.D. (2010). Termite-resistant heartwood. Effect of antioxidants on termite feeding deterrence and mortality. Holzforschung 64:395-398.
- Liu, X., Zhang, J., Donohoe, J.P., and Steele, P. H. (2011). In-plane moisture content and specific gravity evaluation of oriented strandboard using a radio frequency technique. Forest Prod. J. 60(7/8):622-628.
- Mangum, L., Borazjani, H., Sloan, C., Diehl, S.V., Prewitt, M. L., and Seale, R.D. (2010). Use of duck weed for reduction of BOD in TimTek process water. In: Environmental Science and Technology (I). pp 161-166.
- Mangum, L., Borazjani, H., Seale, R.D., Diehl, S.V., Prewitt, M. L., and Sloan, C. (2010). Treatment of Timtek process water by co-composting, In: Proceedings of Mississippi Water Resources Conference 2009, p. 214-220.
- Mangum, L., Borazjani, H., Diehl, S.V., Prewitt, M.L., Seale, R.D., and Sloan, R.C. (2011). Co-composting of steam-pressed scrim lumber process water. Forest Prod J. 60 (7/8):632 - 639.
- Parker, L. and Diehl, S.V. (2011). Regulation of selective delignification in the white-rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium. Southeastern Natural Resources Graduate Student Symposium Proceedings (abstract), Mississippi State, MS. March 2011.
- Parker, L.A. and Diehl, S.V. (2011). Regulation of decay in Phanerochaete chrysosporium. American Society of Microbiologists (abstract), New Orleans, LA. May 2011.
- Perez-Verdin, G., Grebner, D.L., Munn, I.A., Sun, C., and S.C. Grado. 2010. Economic impacts of woody biomass utilization for bioenergy in Mississippi. Chapter 10, In: Gan, J., S. Grado, and I. Munn (Editors). Global Change and Forestry: Economic and Policy Impacts and Responses. Nova Science, NY. 332 p.
- Perez-Verdin, G., Grebner, D.L., Munn, I.A., Sun, C., and S.C. Grado. 2008. Economic impacts of woody biomass utilization for bioenergy in Mississippi. Forest Products Journal. 58(11): 75-83.
- Schultz, T.P., Nicholas, D.D. (2011). Efficacy of two organic biocides with co-added antioxidants. Holzforschung (65):771-773.
- Schultz, T.P., Dahlen, J., Nicholas, D. (2011). Effect of resin acids and other extractives on dimensional stability and decay susceptibility of southern pine lumber in above-ground exposure. Forest Products Society 65th International Convention Program and Abstracts, Portland, OR, June 19-21, 2011, p. 70.
- Shi, J., Shi, S.Q., Barnes, H.M., and Pittman, Jr., C.U. (2011). A chemical process for preparing cellulosic fibers hierarchically from kenaf bast fibers. Bioresources 6(1):879-890.
- Shi, J., Shi, S.Q., Barnes, H.M., Horstemeyer, M., Wang, J. and Hassan, E.B. (2011). Kenaf Bast Fibers Part I: Hermetical alkali digestion. Special Issue on "Natural Fibers, Bio- and Nanocomposites", International Journal of Polymer Science. Vol. 2011 ID 212047.
- Shi, J., Shi, S.Q., Barnes, H. M., Horstemeyer, M. and Wang, G. (2011). Kenaf Bast Fibers Part II: Inorganic nanoparticle impregnation for polymer composites. Special Issue on "Natural Fibers, Bio- and Nanocomposites", International Journal of Polymer Science. Vol. 2011, ID 736474.
- Wilkinson, D. 2011. Landsat-derived Stand Structure Estimation for Optimizing Stratified Forest Inventories. PhD Dissertation. Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS. 43 p.
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Progress 08/15/09 to 08/14/10
Outputs
OUTPUTS: The following activities were accomplished. Phanerochaete chrysosporium was grown in modified soil block tests in replicates on basswood, balsa, poplar, aspen, red oak and birch wood and decay level and type were evaluated. Remediation tests using duckweed and aeration were conducted with effluent from the TimTek composite board process. Electromagnetic fields generated by radio frequency signals were tested for nondestructive evaluation of wood-based materials properties. A method was established to determining fungal mucilage production and 8 treatments were evaluated. An inorganic nanoparticle impregnation process was used to treat cellulosic fibers, which were preformed into mats and processed into composite panels. The composites were tested for moisture absorption and other physical and mechanical properties. Laboratory termite tests with both natural and synthetic antioxidants, and analogs without antioxidant properties were completed. Field termite tests installed in 2008 at Saucier, MS were inspected and the data were compiled and analyzed. Mini lap-joint samples installed earlier at Saucier MS with an organic biocide and metal chelator/antioxidant, propyl gallate, were inspected and the results were complied and analyzed. Two new techniques have been tested to help automate remote sensing procedures used to process Landsat imagery, including automatic clouded area detection and replacement. Forest age and type layers were produced for Miss. for inventory data collected in 2007. Events included demonstration of research to refine the TimTek process to 19 groups of visitors. Products include training a visiting scientist from South Korea in wood preservation formulation and testing techniques and an invention disclosure on an organic wood preservative in collaboration with a private company. One student was awarded a M.S. degree. Dissemination activities included invited and volunteered presentations at the Forest Products Society annual meeting, two peer reviewed publications, and two posters presented at regional meetings. PARTICIPANTS: Professors, Assistant and Associate Professors, Research Professors - Mike Barnes, Hamid Borazjani, Susan V. Diehl, Walter Diehl, J. Patrick Donohoe, David L. Evans, Joseph Fan, Stephen C. Grado, Don Grebner, El-Barbary Hassan, James H. Henderson, Leonard Ingram, P. David Jones, Thomas G. Matney, Ian A. Munn, Darrel Nicholas, Robert C. Parker, M. Lynn Prewitt, Emily B. Schultz, Tor Schultz, R. Dan Seale, Sheldon Shi, Philip Steele, Changyou Sun, Jilei Zhang; Research Associates - J. Paul Jeffreys, Gan Li, Linda Sites, Amy Rowlen; Ph.D. Students - Priyanka Bhattacharya, Wen Che, Michael K. Crosby, Yicheng Du, Michael Jackson, Omkar Joshi, Xiaojian Liu, Qi Li, An Mao, Jinshu Shi, Beth Stokes; Masters Students - Benny Green, Jonathan Michael Linton, Leslie Parker, Jarvaris Platt, Can Tu, David W. Wilkinson, Han Yu; TimTek Plant Superintendant - John Black; Director, Franklin Furniture Insititute - Bill Martin; visiting scientist from South Korea - S. P. Mun; Intermittent Worker - Sangyeob Lee; and Undergraduate Students; Partner Organizations - A new wood products facility in Meridian, MS., Mississippi Institute for Forest Inventory, The Westervelt Company, Moundville, AL.; Collaborators - Wayne Tucker, Executive Director, Mississippi Institute for Forest Inventory-Operations and Program Coordination, Gustavo Perez-Verdin, Assistant Professor, CIIDIR-IPN Durango. TARGET AUDIENCES: International wood protection industry, biomass utilization industry, pulp and paper industry, wood industry, agriculture industry, polymer industry, bio-fuel and other forest-based industry; university/ federal employees that work on wood decay and wood protection; Forest Products companies that generate high BOD process water such as Oriented Strand Board (OSB) plants, nurseries, and poultry houses; Wood-based composite manufacturers and their equipment manufacturers; professionals of the American Wood Protection Association and the Forest Products Society international scientists in the area of wood protection and deterioration; Those that deal with decay of wood and need a rapid method to perform measurements; Individuals working in the wood decay or plant disease research or commercial areas; community of organizations, scientists and policy makers who are interested in deriving biofuels from biomass to supplement utilization of petroleum sources; companies and/or government entities that have vast raw materials or responsibility for management of forest resources, Mississippi Institute for Forest Inventory, forest managers, governmental policy makers, forest landowners; companies that produce or distribute engineered wood products, and investors looking for new innovative manufacturing technologies with competitive cost advantages over current technologies used by industry; community developers at the county and state level as well as policy makers and other natural resource professionals and researchers. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.
Impacts
The following changes in knowledge were accomplished. Techniques for remediation of TimTek process effluent were taught to MSU students. A knowledge base was created for radio frequency simulation analysis of effects of moisture and density of OSB composites on radio frequency responses. Information was gained in the ability of near infrared spectroscopy to accurately measure decay in soil block tests, both from the transverse and radial face of samples. Fungi growing on wood produced more mucilage and less biomass than in the absence of wood. Enzymes that decay wood are contained in the mucilage, suggesting that biocides targeting mucilage inhibition would be more effective. Composites fabricated from inorganic nanoparticle impregnated fibers presented higher physical and mechanical properties. Bio-oil was produced by pyrolysis with a high yield of 45% for pine plantation second thinning understory biomass compared to respective values of 38 and 50% for the 1st thinning and a clear cut stand. The high yield of bio-oil from the 2nd thinning appears to be a result of the relatively high carbon and low nitrogen content of its understory material. Antioxidants, both synthetic and natural, that are benign to humans, had feeding deterrence and mortality properties to the southern subterranean termite Teticulitermes flavipes in laboratory termite tests. Subterranean termites avoid wood which contain high levels of antioxidants, such as heartwood with phenolic extractives and this mechanism likely explains part or all of the natural termite durability of certain heartwoods. After six years of exposure, mini lap-joint samples treated with both propyl gallate and an organic biocide performed better against decay fungi than the biocide alone. Changes in actions included use of MSU's decision support software by the Miss. Forestry Commission (MFC) and MSU scientists to perform a wood supply analysis for a company that has announced construction of 3 bioenergy facilities in Miss. It was also used by MFC to support other forest inventory information requests including detailed wood supply analyses by companies seeking to site both traditional forest products mills and bioenergy facilities. Changes in condition were achieved through development of new natural resources professionals; 18 graduate students were trained while conducting this research. Total GRA FTE 2.6229
Publications
- Barnes, HM, Seale, RD, Linton, JM. 2010. Steam-pressed scrim lumber (SPSL). In: Proceedings of the 53rd International Convention of the Society of Wood Science & Technology, October 11-15, 2010, Geneva, Switzerland, 8 pp., Paper.
- Barnes, HM, Seale, RD, Linton, JM . 2010. Steam-pressed scrim lumber (SPSL). In: Proceedings of the 53rd International Convention of the Society of Wood Science & Technology, October 11-15, 2010, Geneva, Switzerland, Presentation.
- Green, B., P.D. Jones, L.R. Schimleck, D.D. Nicholas, R. Shmulsky. 2010. Rapid assessment of southern pine decayed by G. Trabeum by near infrared spectra collected from the radial surface. Wood and Fiber Science 42(3).
- Jones, T.L., E.B. Schultz, T.G. Matney, D.L. Grebner, D.L. Evans, C.A. Collins, and P. Glass. 2010. A forest product/bioenergy mill location and decision support system based on county level forest inventory and geo-spatial information. Chapter 9. In: Gan, J., S. Grado, and I. Munn, eds., Global Change and Forestry: Economic and Policy Impacts and Responses. Nova Science, NY. 332pp.
- Lauren, Mangum, H.Borazjani, C.R.Sloan, M.L.Prewitt, S.V.Diehl, and D.Seale. 2010. Use of Duckweed for treatment of TimTek Processwater. Environmental Science & Technology Conf. July 12-16, Houston, TX. (Abstract)
- Lee, B.G., Lee, S., Via, B. K. and Shi, S. Q. 2009. Influence of surface morphology of the kraft pulp fibers on the growth of the transcrystalline layer of polypropylene. Journal of Applied Polymer Science. (In Press)
- Lee, S., Shi, S. Q., Groom, Leslie H. and Xue, Y. 2009. Properties of unidirectional kenaf fiber - polyolefin laminates. Polymer Composites. 31(6): 1067 - 1074.
- Little, N.S., Schultz, T.P. and Nicholas, D.D. (2010). Termite-resistant heartwood. Effect of antioxidants on termite feeding deterrence and mortality. Holzoforschung 64:395-398.
- Little, N.S. 2010. Laboratory and Field Studies on Subterranean Termites Native to the Eastern US. M.S. Thesis, May 2010, Mississippi State University.
- Liu, X., Zhang, J., Donohoe, J. P., and Steele, P. 2010. RF sensor design optimization of wood-based material properties evaluation using software simulation. Forest Products Journal (submitted).
- Perez-Verdin, G., Grebner, D.L., Munn, I.A., Sun, C., and S.C. Grado. 2010. Economic impacts of woody biomass utilization for bioenergy in Mississippi. Chapter 10, In: Gan, J., S. Grado, and I. Munn (Editors). Global Change and Forestry: Economic and Policy Impacts and Responses. Nova Science, NY. 332 p.
- Shi, J., Shi, S. Q., Barnes, H. M., Pittman, C. 2010. A chemical process for preparing cellulose nanowhiskers (CNW) from kenaf bast fibers for polymer composites. 2010 Society of Wood Science and Technology (SWST) Convention. Geneva, Switzerland. (In Press)
- Shi, J., Lee, S., Shi, S. Q. and Hassan, EL. B. 2010. High pressure alkaline retting of kenaf bast fiber and its application in polymer composites. (In preparation)
- Schultz, T.P., Little, N.S. and Nicholas, D.D. 2010. A hypothesis on termite-resistant heartwood: Effect of antioxidants on termites. 64th International Forest Products Society Convention, Madison, WI, June 2010.
- Schultz, T.P. and Nicholas, D.D. (2009). Effect of co-added antioxidants and/or metal complexing compounds on decay efficacy and biocide leaching of southern yellow pine (SYP) samples treated with 4,5-dichloro-2-oxtyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one (DCOI) or azoles. Page 56 to 58 in 105th Proceeding American Wood Protection Association, San Antonio, TX.
- Tang, J.D., Jenkins, K., Parker, L., Diehl, S.V. 2010. Towards understanding the biology of wood decay.41st International Research Group on Wood Protection, Biarritz, France.
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Progress 08/15/08 to 08/14/09
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Several isolates of Phanerochaete chrysosporium have been obtained. Primers for the decay enzymes in this species have already been designed and purchased. An experiment has been initiated to identify compounds in process water and to evaluate treatment technologies including biotreatment, co-composting, and phytoremediation using aquatic plant species. Southern yellow pine OSB flakes were obtained. Effects of different moisture contents (up to 16%) of 6 inch thick flake mats on the radio frequency (RF) signals, phase shift and attenuation, were measured and evaluated. Control wood samples and wood samples exposed to decay have been scanned with near infrared spectroscopy. A chemical process on the inorganic nanoparticle impregnation has been established. A preliminary study has been conducted on the inorganic nanoparticle process, surface morphology of the impregnated fibers, hardness and modulus of the fibers, and etc. Also, composites from impregnated fiber have been fabricated and tested. Understory biomass was harvested in southern pine plantation stands for each of a 1st and 2nd thinning and clearcut harvest. Understory biomass yields were computed on a per-acre basis and compared to earlier study results. The understory biomass was chipped, dried and pyrolyzed to bio-oil with yields and mass balances computed. The bio-oils from each treatment are being chemically and physically analyzed. The biomass was analyzed for elemental chemicals: C, H and O. Laboratory AWPA E-l termite tests have been run on antioxidants and non-oxidant analogues. Ground proximity tests found that antioxidant BHT and metal complexing resin acid additives reduced depletion of the organic biocides DCOI and the azole combination of propiconazole/tebuconazole. The TimTek (TM) rendering process has been evaluated the following species: basswood, aspen, yellow poplar, hybrid poplar, soft maple, sweet gum and pine. Age and forest type GIS layers have been created for one of five state inventory regions. Computer code for analyzing transportation networks and estimating biomass by tree components have been completed. Users of the Web-based inventory DSS can now obtain biomass/carbon estimates for user selected areas of Mississippi. Total Graduate FTE = 1.44. PARTICIPANTS: Mike Barnes, Hamid Borazjani, Susan V. Diehl, Walter Diehl, David Evans, Joseph Fan, Don Grebner, Leonard Ingram, Jr., Thomas G. Matney, Ian A. Munn, Darrel Nicholas, Robert C. Parker, Emily Schultz, Tor P. Schultz, Dan Seale, Philip Steele, Jilei Zhang, Professors; Joseph Fan, Sheldon Q. Shi, C. Sun, Assistant/Associate Professors; M. Lynn Prewitt, Assistant Research Professor; Sangyeob Lee, Gan Li, Postdoctoral Research Associates, Paul Jefferys, Research Associate; Benny Green, Nathan, Little, Thomas McConnell, Javaris Platt, Carrlet Stokes, Santosh Kataruk Tuggali, Can Tu, Han Yu, Graduate Students; Drs. G. Perez-Verdin; J.E. Henderson; S.C. Grado; MSU Professors, Partner Organizations and Collaborators - Mississippi Institute for Forest Inventory; Patrick A. Glass; Wayne Tucker TARGET AUDIENCES: International Wood Protection Industry; biomass utilization industry; pulp and paper industry and university/ federal employees working on wood decay and wood protection; wood industry; agriculture industry; polymer industry; community developers at the county and state level; policy makers and other natural resource professionals and researchers; industry; consultants; state agencies; wood preservation industry; wood decay researchers; researchers working on termites, natural durability, and environmentally-benign repellents; bio-fuel and other forest-based industry; Mississippi Institute for Forest Inventory; forest managers; governmental policy makers; forest landowners; users of wood PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: None
Impacts
The Decision Support System (DSS) helps assure the sustainable utilization of the State's forest resources and encourages industry investment (new or expansions). To date, the Mississippi Institute for Forest Inventory has used the DSS for: 1) 97 installation or analytical support requests, 2) 71 detailed analyses, 3) 26 species product, diameter distributions, growth/drain ratios and spatial distribution analyses, 4) 22 cellulosic facilities and several pellet facilities pursuing capital funding for locating mills in MS, 5) 2 traditional forest products company poised to locate in Mississippi, and 6) 7 electrical generation from biomass facilities.
Publications
- Crosby, M., T.G. Matney, and E.B. Schultz. 2008. Multi-state forest carbon storage estimates: baselines, balances, and catastrophic losses. Proceedings of the 2008 Society of American Foresters National Convention. Reno, NV.
- Grebner, D.L., G. Perez-Verdin, C. Sun, I.A. Munn, E.B. Schultz, and T.G. Matney. 2009. An approach for estimating the availability, production costs, and implications of bioenergy development in the United States Mid-South. Pages 208 in Proceedings of the International Symposium on Emerging needs of society from forest ecosystems: towards opportunities and dilemmas in forest managerial economics, IUFRO Unit 4.05.00 Managerial Economics and Accounting, Ljubljana, MS.
- Grebner, D.L., G. Perez-Verdin, C. Sun, I.A. Munn, E.B. Schultz, and T.G. Matney. 2008. Woody biomass feedstock availability, production costs and implications for bioenergy conversion in Mississippi. Chapter 12 in Solomon and Luzadis, eds., Renewable Energy from Forest Resources in the United States. Routledge: London. 330p.
- Henderson, J.E., I.A. Munn, G. Perez-Verdin, and D.L. Grebner. 2008. Forestry in Mississippi: The impact of the forest products industry on the post-Katrina Mississippi Economy: An input-output analysis. Forest and Wildlife Research Center, Research Bulletin FO 374, Mississippi State University. 31pp. Jones, Thomas L. 2009. A forest product/bioenergy mill location and decision support system based on a county-level forest inventory and geo-spatial information [thesis] Mississippi State University. Mississippi State, MS. 44p.
- S. Lee, S. Q. Shi, M. H. Barnes, and J. Shi. 2008 Inorganic nanoparticle impregnated kenaf fibers for natural fiber polymer composites. 4th International Conference on Advanced Engineered Wood & Hybrid Composites. Bar Harbor, Maine. July 6-10, 2008.
- S. Lee, Jinshu Shi, S. Q. Shi, and M. H. Barnes. Inorganic nanoparticle impregnated kenaf fibers as reinforcement for polypropylene matrix composites in automobile applications. International Congress of Nano-Bio Clean Tech. San Diego, CA. Oct. 27-30, 2008.
- Perez-Verdin, G., D.L. Grebner, C. Sun, I.A. Munn, E.B. Schultz, and T.G. Matney. 2009. Woody biomass availability for bioethanol conversion in Mississippi. Biomass and Bioenergy 33(3):492-503.
- Perez-Verdin, G., D.L. Grebner, C. Sun, I.A. Munn, E.B. Schultz, and T.G. Matney. 2008. Woody biomass feedstock supplies and management for bioenergy in Mississippi. Proceedings of the 2008 Southern Forest Economics Workshop. Savannah, GA.
- Perez-Verdin, G., Grebner, D.L., Munn, I.A., Sun, C., and S.C. Grado. 2008. Economic impacts of woody biomass utilization for bioenergy in Mississippi. Forest Products Journal. 58(11): 75-83.
- Schultz, E.B., T.G. Matney, S.C. Grado, W.T. Jones, D.L. Grebner, and P. Glass. 2008. A carbon estimation system: rural and urban forest case studies. Proceedings of the 2008 Society of American Foresters National Convention. Reno, NV. CD-ROM.
- J. Shi, S. Lee, S. Q. Shi, and M. Barnes. 2008. Forest Products Society 62nd International Convention, St. Louis, Missouri, USA, June 22-24. (Topic: Inorganic nanoparticle impregnation for kenaf bast fibers).
- S. Q. Shi, S. Lee, and J. Shi. 2008. Lamination process for chemical retted kenaf fiber/thermoplastic polymer composites. Proceeding of 23rd Annual American Society for Composites Technical Conference, Sept. 9-11, Memphis, TN.
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