Progress 04/28/08 to 09/30/13
Outputs
Target Audience: Target Audience: local farmers, students, administrators Changes/Problems: Nothing to report What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? 1. Students were trained in research planning, field plot techniques, project implementation, data collection and analyses. 2. Scientists attended conferences and exchanged ideas with collegues. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? 1. One referred paper published in scientific journal. 2. Farmers and students attended field days and were briefed on the research and its potential impact. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
1. Identified miscanthus and switchgrass as most productive biofeedstock under Delmarva ecosystem, miscanthus and switchgrass were capable of removing significantly more phosphorus than millet soybean, but not different from sorghum, sorghum and sudangrass hybrids 2. Exposed students and local farmers to potential biofuel biofeestock crops suitable for production in Somerset County of the Delmarva Eastern Shore 3. Exposed students to research planning, protocols and implementation
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2011
Citation:
Potential of Corn Genotypes for Phosphorus Removal in Poultry Manure-Enriched Soils
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Progress 01/01/12 to 09/30/12
Outputs
Target Audience: Target Audience: Local farmers, students, adminstrators. Changes/Problems: 1. Re-establish plots that were destroyed due to road construction which passed through the experimental area to new campus facility. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? 1. Students were trained in research planning, field plot techniques, project implementation, data collection and analyses. 2. Scientist attended conferences and exchanged ideas with colleagues How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? 1. One refereed paper published. 2. Farmers and students attended field day and were briefed on its research and potential impact. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Continue with stated goals.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
1. Identified forage corn and forage soybean cultivars with high potential for use as phytoremediation crops. 2. Exposed students and local farmers to crops with potential for use as phytoremediation plants. 3. Exposed students to research planning, protocols and implementation.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2011
Citation:
Robert B. Dadson, Iqbal Javaid, Fawzy M. Hashem, Jagmohan Joshi. Potential of Corn Genotypes for Phosphorus Removal in Poultry Manure-Enriched Soils. Journal of Crop Improvement, 25:418-424
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2011
Citation:
Dadson, R. B., F. M. Hashem, I. Javaid, and J. Joshi. Nutrient Uptake by Fodder Soybeans Grown in Poultry Manured Soil. The Annual Metings of the American Society of Agronomy, Soil Science of America and Crop Science Society of America, San Antonio, TX
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2011
Citation:
Dadson, R. B., I. Javaid, F. M. Hashem, and J. Joshi. Utilization of Fodder Soybeans for Phytoremediation of Poultry-Manured Soil. The 2011 ASA-SSSA Annual International Meetings. Antonio, TX
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2011
Citation:
R. B. Dadson, I. Javaid, F. M. Hashem and J. Joshi. Phosphorus phytoremediation from poultry manured soils by diverse plant species. In Association of Research Directors, Inc. 1890 Research: Sustainable Solutions for Current and Emerging Issues. P-RR-S-5, Atlanta, GA
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Progress 01/01/11 to 12/31/11
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Four switchgrass genotypes (Switchgrass 0721, Switchgrass FFC 6098, Switchgrass 6032A, and Switchgrass NE-56-025); one miscanthus (cultivar M. sinensis); cv Goliath; four genotypes of sudangrass and sudangrass x sorghum hybrids (Sugar Graze, Piper Sudangrass, Pioneer 8775, and Kow Kandy); four genotypes of sorghum (4 Evergreen BMR, Pace Setter BMR, 4 Ever Green, and Millennium); and four genotypes of millet were evaluated at two locations at the University of Maryland Eastern Shore Agricultural Experiment Station for biomass potential as a biofeedstock for production of biofuel, hyperaccumulation of phosphorus, and carbon sequestration for enhancement of soil health as a repeat trial of our work in 2010. The miscanthus and switchgrass were regrowths of the 2009 planting season. The soils at the two locations represented soils that have received, over a 10-year period, high poultry manure or soils not amended with poultry manure. Four forage soybeans were also included for comparison. Data collected included plant height measurements at harvest time, which occurred after the first frost in late October and plant dry weight. The plants were dried in a forced air oven at 170˚F for 72 hours and weighed. Samples of dry plant materials were ground for analyses of N and P content. Soil samples were taken from each plot at the beginning of the season and at plant harvest to determine N and P contents. Dry matter yields ranged from 4.2 to 7.8 Mt. and 5.5 to 12.2 Mt. on sites not amended with poultry manure and sites amended with poultry manure, respectively. Comparison of the dry matter yields indicates that similar to the previous year's data, the forage sorghums, sudangrass, sudangrass x sorghum hybrids, and miscanthus produced greater biomass than millets, forage soybean, and switchgrass. Similarly, the grass species were able to withstand drought, which occurred from mid July through August. PARTICIPANTS: Dr. Robert Dadson, Dr. Fawzy Hashem, and Dr. A. Boateng are collaborators on this project. TARGET AUDIENCES: Five students participated in this project. They were involved in planting, maintenance of the plots, harvesting, processing, and analysis of data. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.
Impacts
During the growing season, tours were conducted for 30 students registered for the Introduction to Plant Science course. The students gained knowledge about how the grass species can be grown in the Delmarva region and also how they can be used as an additional source of renewable energy. Students are better prepared for the agricultural industry after graduation.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
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Progress 01/01/10 to 12/31/10
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Four diverse genotypes of switchgrass, Switchgrass 0721, Switchgrass FFC 6098, Switchgrass 6032A, and Switchgrass NE-56-025; one miscanthus, cultivar M. sinensis; cv Goliath; four genotypes of sudangrass and sudangrass x sorghum hybrids, Sugar Graze, Piper Sudangrass, Pioneer 8775, and Kow Kandy; four genotypes of sorghum, 4 Evergreen BMR, Pace Setter BMR, 4 Ever Green, and Millennium; and four genotypes of millet were being evaluated at two locations at the University of Maryland Eastern Shore Agricultural Experiment Station for biomass potential as a biofeedstock for production of biofuel, hyperaccumulation of phosphorus, and carbon sequestration for enhancement of soil health. The soils at the two locations represented soils that have received, over a 10-year period, high poultry manure or soils not amended with poultry manure. Four forage soybeans were also included for comparison. Data collected included plant height measurements at harvest time, which occurred after first frost in late October and plant dry weight. The plants were dried in a forced air oven at 170˚F for 72 hours and weighed. Samples of dry plant materials were ground for analyses of N and P content. Soil samples were taken from each plot at the beginning of the season and at plant harvest to determine N and P contents. Dry matter yields ranged from 3.7 to 19.2 Mt. and 6.7 to 23.8 Mt on sites not amended with poultry manure and sites amended with poultry manure, respectively. Comparison of the dry matter yields indicates that similar to the previous year's data, the forage sorghums, sudangrass, sudangrass x sorghum hybrids, and miscanthus produced greater biomass than millets, forage soybean, and switchgrass. The grass species were able to withstand drought, which occurred from mid July through August. PARTICIPANTS: Dr. Fawzy Hashem, Collaborator, contributed his expertise to this project. Student Assistants Student Names: Ahmed Eissa Oluwatobi Kunle-Kehinde Kenneth Lloyd Oladoyinbo Oke Mohamed Omar. Activities: Collect field data such as: plant height, plant phenology and soil samples Dry plants in air forced oven, weigh and record plant dry weight Prepare soil samples for analyses Prepare data for analyses. TARGET AUDIENCES: Five students participated in this project. They were involved in planting, maintenance of the plots, harvesting, processing, and analysis of data. Student gained knowledge in design and analyses of experiments, maintenance of field plots, and how to work in the laboratory. Students are better prepared for the agricultural industry after graduation PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.
Impacts
During the growing season, tours were conducted for 50 students registered for the course, Introduction to Plant Sciences. The students gained knowledge about how the grass species can be grown in the Delmarva region and also how they can be used as additional sources of renewable energy.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
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Progress 01/01/09 to 12/31/09
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Four diverse genotypes of switchgrass, Switchgrass 0721, Switchgrass FFC 6098, Switchgrass 6032A, Switchgrass NE-56-025, one miscanthus, cultivar M. saneness; cv Goliath; four genotypes of sudangrass and sudangrass x sorghum hybrids, Sugar Graze, Piper Sudangrass, Pioneer 8775, and Kow Kandy; four genotypes of sorghum, 4 Evergreen BMR, Pace Setter BMR, 4 Ever Green and Millennium and four genotypes of millets are being evaluated at two locations at the University of Maryland Eastern Shore Agricultural Experiment Center for biomass potential as a biofeedstock for production of biofuel, hyperaccumulation of phosphorus and carbon sequestration for enhancement of soil health. The soils at the two locations represented soils that have received, over a 10-year period, high poultry manure or soils not amended with poultry manure. Four forage soybeans were also included for comparison. Data collection includes plant height measurements at harvest time which occurred after first frost in late October and plant dry weight. The plants were dried in a forced air oven at 170˚F for 72 hours and weighed. Samples of dry plant materials have been ground for analyses of N and P content and alcohol yield. Soil samples have been taken from each plot at the beginning of the season and at plant harvest to determine N and P contents and soil C contents. Dry matter yields range from 4.2 to 20.5 Mt. and 6.8 to 25 Mt on sites not amended with poultry manure and sites amended with poultry manure, respectively. Comparison of the dry matter yields indicates that the forage sorghums, sudangrass, sudangrass x sorghum hybrids, and miscanthus produced greater biomass than millets, forage soybean, and switchgrass. All the entries except the forage soybean were able to withstand drought, which occurred in July and August. PARTICIPANTS: Individuals who have contributed their expertise to this project are: Dr. F. Hashem, Agronomist/Microbiologist at UMES, and Dr. T. Devine, Agronomist/Geneticist, USDA/ARS, Beltsville. TARGET AUDIENCES: Student Participation in Research Title: Student Assistants Student Names: Ahmed Eissa Oluwatobi Kunle-Kehinde Kenneth Lloyd Oladoyinbo Oke Mohamed Omar Activities: Collect field data such as: plant height, plant phenology and soil samples Dry plants in air forced oven, weigh and record plant dry weight Prepare soil samples for analyses Prepare data for analyses Output: Student gained knowledge in design and analyses of experiments, maintenance of field plots, and how to work in the laboratory Impact: Students are better prepared for the agricultural industry after graduation PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.
Impacts
During a recent agricultural field day held September 12, 2009, at the University of Maryland Eastern Shore Agricultural Experiment Center, about 70 people visited the plots and gained knowledge in how the grass species can be grown in the Delmarva region and also how they can be used as an additional source of renewable energy. Some farmers showed interest in including the grass species in their cropping system when economic opportunities arise.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
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Progress 01/01/08 to 12/31/08
Outputs
OUTPUTS: OUTPUTS The recent high demand for petroleum oil from fossilized hydrocarbon sources resulted in high prices of crude oil on the world market and locally. In about two years crude oil prices more than quadrupled on the world market, rising from $34.00 per barrel to over $140.00. This made it imperative to intensify the search for alternate sources of renewable energy. Locally, corn and soybean have been processed for biofuel. However, being food and feed sources, the use of these crops as biofeedstocks has also caused escalated prices in food, feed and other products that use the grain crops. Hence, in our studies, we focused on renewable non-food/feed and non-industrial biofeedstocks to explore their potential of production of biofuel. In all, 24 plant species comprised of four forage soybeans, four sweet sorghums, eight sorghum x sudangrass hybrids, one sudangrass, four millets and four miscanthus cultivars were grown in replicated trials at the Agricultural Experiment Station of the University of Maryland Eastern Shore (UMES), Princess Anne, Maryland. We also examined these plant species for their phytoremediation potential, in particular for the removal of excess phosphorus and nitrogen from over-manured fields. Sorghums, sorghum x sudangrass hybrids, and miscanthus produced significantly higher biomass than soybean and millet. Among the sorghum and sorghum x sudangrass hybrids, the four cultivars produced significantly higher yields than the rest of the grass species. Outputs of this study are: (i) the higher biomass producing cultivars will give the highest biofuel, (ii) the higher biomass cultivars will be the best species for hyperaccumulation of excess nutrients, (iii) through their extensive root systems, the grass species exhibited high adaptation to drought, (iv) soil organic matter is also expected to increase in the grass plots. PARTICIPANTS: The following personnel are actively involved in the project: Drs. Robert Dadson, and Fawzy Hashem (UMES), and Dr. Tom Devine (USDA/ARS TARGET AUDIENCES: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.
Impacts
Outcomes/Inputs The outcomes/inputs of this project are as follows: 1. One graduate and five undergraduate students working on the project received training in agronomic and crop evaluation research; 2. There is a high potential for the Delmarva region to produce high amounts of biofeedstock for the newly established energy factory; 3. The growth of the biofeedstock will assist in removing some of the excess bionutrients; enhance soil health, quality of water bodies and agrosustainability in the region; and, 4. Local farmers who produce the biofeedstock will gain an additional source of income and, thus, improve the socio-economic state of the Delmarva region.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
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