Progress 07/01/12 to 06/30/17
Outputs
Target Audience:Producers, federal and state agency personnel, agribusiness dealers and crop advisers, other research and extension scientists. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?We have conducted annual winter workshops on all aspects of canola production and marketing for our stakeholders, and an actively used website serves as an accessible site for stakeholders to obtain accrued outputs from the project. Student training at all levels has also been supported throughout. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?See training and publication reports. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?
Nothing Reported
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
We have contributed towards the more than doubling of WA canola grain production since 2012 to 58,900 hundred wt., exceeding canola gains in neighboring ID and OR. Part of the success is due to our focused research and extension efforts to coordinate the entire supply chain, while providing updated and region specific agronomic, pest management research-based best management practices. The WOCS platform and network has also assured international companies to commit resources such as seed, chemicals and crop advisors into the region. We published an in-depth analysis of canola adoption in Canada and Australia, focusing on biophysical similarities and differences in the three regions that revealed opportunities and challenges for the PNW, and discussion of cropping zone specific strategies. Policy and eonomic drivers were also elucidated in a pending publication first authored by Dr. Tai Maaz, former PhD student, NSF IGERT NSPIRE policy intern, REACCH grad asst. and current USDA postgraduate fellow. In addition the stablization of the Warden Pacific Coast Canola facility by Viterra company has been a huge game changer, assuring local producers with a market outlet for their canola. The processing industry commitment to the region was partly influenced by WOCS stability and ongoing research and outreach programs. Warden facility and has begun to pursue an aggressive business plan to crush over 1,100 metric tons of seed per day to be processed into biodiesel and various grades of food canola oil from locally grown canola. The supply chain has lead to a forked market of food, feed AND fuel, not food vs fuel, the old controversy that has slowed biofuel acceptance. Biodiesel use continues to rise in OR and WA. WA usage has largely been restricted to state agency use, due to politically motivated restrictions. Research has identified benefits of canola to wheat production in improved weed control, N cycling and the importance of accounting for residual N in formulating N requirements for spring canola, confirmed issues with NH3 toxicity of seed or deep placed N, evaluated the impact of climate change stressors of water and heat on canola oil composition. New camelina germplasm was released, and a genetic framework for seed size and coleoptyl elongation are being been elucidated. An understanding of soil water and N use during 3 phases of winter canola development were elucidated. More than $70,000 industry funds were leveraged to support 2016 and 2017 farm scale replicated spring and winter variety comparisons for yield, oil and protein composition at multiple locations across precipitation zones. In addition, grower's hosting the plots on their farms donated their time and resources. Seed companies donated seed and continued to pay for booths at winter workshops to defray grower registration costs. Viterra, the local oil processor provided the funds and technical field support by one of their employees.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Pan, W. L., W. F. Schillinger, F. L. Young, E. M. Kirby, G. G.Yorgey, K. A.Borrelli, E. S Brooks, V. A. McCracken, T. M. Maaz, S.Machado, I. J. Madsen, , J. L. Johnson-Maynard, , L. E. Port, K. Painter, D. R. Huggins., A. D.Esser, , H. P.Collins, , C. O. Stockle, and S. D. Eigenbrode. 2017. Integrating historic agronomic and policy lessons with new technologies to drive farmer decisions for farm and climate: The case of inland Pacific Northwestern U.S. Frontiers in Environmental Science doi: 10.3389/fenvs.2017.00076
|
Progress 10/01/15 to 09/30/16
Outputs
Target Audience:Growers, government agencies, agribusiness crop consultants, oilseed processors, research and extension communities Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?We sponsor and execute annual winter workshops and summer field tours of current research, as well as conribute presentations on oilseeds at other extension and private industry venues. Specifically, Underpinning the WOCS extension and outreach program has been an active research program that has produced 15 oilseed extension publications, 30 research journal papers, and more than 200 conference presentations, proceedings papers and abstracts by 30 interdisciplinary researchers. The WOCS website that Karen Sowers created abnd maintains has had more than 21,000 views from all 50 states and 83 countries since 2010. These publications have advanced applied and fundamental knowledge of oilseed biology, plant-soil relationships, and agronomic management. We trained 4 graduate students and 3 post graduate students in 2016 How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?See above. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Same as above, and we will chart new research projects going into the next biennium, while transition leadership from Pan to Hulbert. These new research directions are annually vetted during the February WOCS research review.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
We have contributed towards the more than doubling of WA canola grain production since 2012 to 58,900 hundred wt., exceeding canola gains in neighboring ID and OR. Part of the success is due to our focused research and extension efforts to coordinate the entire supply chain, while providing updated and region specific agronomic, pest management research-based best management practices. The WOCS platform and network has also assured international companies to commit resources such as seed, chemicals and crop advisors into the region. We published an in-depth analysis of canola adoption in Canada and Australia, focusing on biophysical similarities and differences in the three regions that revealed opportunities and challenges for the PNW, and discussion of cropping zone specific strategies. Policy and eonomic drivers were also elucidated in a pending publication first authored by Dr. Tai Maaz, former PhD student, NSF IGERT NSPIRE policy intern, REACCH grad asst. and current USDA postgraduate fellow. In addition the stablization of the Warden Pacific Coast Canola facility by Viterra company has been a huge game changer, assuring local producers with a market outlet for their canola. The processing industry commitment to the region was partly influenced by WOCS stability and ongoing research and outreach programs. Warden facility and has begun to pursue an aggressive business plan to crush over 1,100 metric tons of seed per day to be processed into biodiesel and various grades of food canola oil from locally grown canola. The supply chain has lead to a forked market of food, feed AND fuel, not food vs fuel, the old controversy that has slowed biofuel acceptance. Biodiesel use continues to rise in OR and WA. WA usage has largely been restricted to state agency use, due to politically motivated restrictions. Research has identified benefits of canola to wheat production in improved weed control, N cycling and the importance of accounting for residual N in formulating N requirements for spring canola, confirmed issues with NH3 toxicity of seed or deep placed N, evaluated the impact of climate change stressors of water and heat on canola oil composition.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Pan, W.L. I.J. Madsen, L. Graves, T. Sistrunk, R. Bolton. 2016. Ammonia/ammonium toxicity of root meristems and root hairs as influenced by inorganic and organic fertilizer sources and placement. Agronomy Journal 108: 2485-2492.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Paulitz, T.C., A.J. Knerr, S.M. Carmody, S. Schlatter, K.E. Sowers, M.L. Derie, and L.J. du Toit. 2016. First Report of Leptosphaeria maculans and Leptosphaeria biglobosa, Causal Agents of Blackleg, on Canola in Washington State. Plant Disease: submitted.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Schillinger, W. and S. Werner. 2016. Horned Lark Damage to Pre-emerged Canola Seedlings. Industrial Crops and Products. 89:465-467. abstract.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Favero, D.S., C.N. Jacques, A. Iwase, K.N. Le, J. Zhao, K. Sugimoto, and M.M. Neff. 2016. SUPPRESSOR OF PHYTOCHROME B4-#3 Represses Genes Associated with Auxin Signaling to Modulate Hypocotyl Growth in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Physiology (in press) online: doi http:/?/?dx.?doi.?org/?10.?1104/?pp.?16.?00405.
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Kirby, EM, Pan, WL, Huggins, DR, Painter, KM, and P. Bista. 2017. Rotational diversification and intensification strategies. In Yorgey, G. and C. Kruger, eds. Advances in Sustainable Dryland Farming in the Inland Pacific Northwest, Washington State University Extension Publication EM108, Pullman, WA.
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Yorgey, G. 2017. Soil Amendments Research in Dryland Systems of the Inland Pacific Northwest. In Yorgey, G. and C. Kruger, eds. Advances in Sustainable Dryland Farming in the Inland Pacific Northwest, Washington State University Extension Publication EM108, Pullman, WA.
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Borrelli, K. 2017. Soil Fertility Management. In Yorgey, G. and C. Kruger, eds. Advances in Sustainable Dryland Farming in the Inland Pacific Northwest, Washington State University Extension Publication EM108, Pullman, WA.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Maaz, T.M., J.D. Wulfhorst, V. McCracken, H. Kaur, I. Roth, D. Huggins, A. Esser, J. Kirkegaard, W. Pan. 201_. Economic, policy, and social challenges of introducing oilseed and pulse crops into dryland wheat rotations. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment. Accepted, in press.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Maaz, T. and W.L. Pan. 201_. Residual fertilizer and crop sequence impact rotational nitrogen use efficiency. Agron. J. In revision.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Beard, T., K. Sowers, and W. Pan. 2017. Physiology Matters: Adjusting Wheat-based Management Strategies for Oilseed Production (Oilseed Series). FS244E Washington State University Extension.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Maaz T.M., D.J. Brown, D. R. Huggins, E. Brooks, J. U.H. Eite, K. A. Sanguinet, Lee A Vierling. and W. L. Pan. 2016. Managing Chlorosis in Waterlogged, Dryland Winter Wheat. ASA, CSSA and SSSA International Annual Meetings, Phoenix, AZ.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Maaz T.M., W. L. Pan. 2016, Rotational Nitrogen Use Efficiency: Beyond Single Season Estimates. ASA, CSSA and SSSA International Annual Meetings, Phoenix, AZ.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Pan, W.L., T. M. Maaz, W.A. Hammac, V.A. McCracken, R.T. Koenig. 2016. Mitscherlich-modeled, semi-arid canola nitrogen requirements influenced by soil N and water. Agronomy Journal 108: 884-894.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Maaz, T., W.L. Pan and A.H. Hammac. 2016. Influence of soil nitrogen and water supply on canola nitrogen use efficiency of canola. Agronomy Journal 108: 2099-2109.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Pan, W.L., FL Young, T.M. Maaz,D. R. Huggins,. 2016. Canola Integration into semi-arid wheat cropping systems of the inland Pacific Northwestern USA. Crop and Pasture Science 67(4) 253-265
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Long, D., F. Young, W. Schillinger, C. Reardon, J. Williams, B. Allen, W. Pan, D. Wysocki. 2016. Ongoing development of dryland oilseed production systems in northwestern region of the United States. Bionenergy 9:412-429. DOI 10.1007/s12155-016-9719-1
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Chi, J., S. Waldo, S.Pressley, P. OKeeffe, D. Huggins, C. St�ckle, W. L. Pan, E. Brook, and B. Lamb. 2016. Assessing carbon and water dynamics of no-till and conventional tillage cropping systems in the inland Pacific Northwest US using the eddy covariance method. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 218219 (2016) 3749
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Madsen, I.J. and W.L. Pan. 2016. Canola Seedling Root Damage Caused by Ammonium Fertilizers. In 2016 Dryland Field Day Abstracts: Highlights of Research Progress. Dept. of Crop and Soil Sciences Tech Report 16-1, WSU, Pullman, WA.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Maaz T.M., W.L. Pan. 2016. Overwinter Nitrogen Cycling in Winter Canola. ASA, CSSA and SSSA International Annual Meetings, Phoenix, AZ.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Hammac, W.A., W.L. Pan, R.T. Koenig, A. Fortuna, B.K. Lamb, J.P. Reginald. 2016, Cropping system, agroecological zone, and nitrogen use efficiency effect on greenhouse gas mitigation for biodiesel feedstock production" (MS #1118). AgroEnviron 2016: 10th International Symposium on Agriculture and the Environment - May 23-27, 2016, Purdue University, W. Lafayette, IN.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Pan, W.L., F.L. Young, T.M. Maaz, and D.R. Huggins. 2016. Canola-Wheat Integration in the Inland Pacific Northwestern U.S. In 2016 Dryland Field Day Abstracts: Highlights of Research Progress. Dept. of Crop and Soil Sciences Tech Report 16-1, WSU, Pullman, WA.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
McCracken, V. and J. Connolly. 2016. Cropping Systems: Economic Returns to Canola Rotations in Eastern Washington. In 2016 Dryland Field Day Abstracts: Highlights of Research Progress. Dept. of Crop and Soil Sciences Tech Report 16-1, WSU, Pullman, WA.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Pan, W.L., T.M. Maaz, W.A. Hammac, V.A. McCracken, and R.T. Koenig. 2016. Semi-Arid Canola Nitrogen and Water Requirements. In 2016 Dryland Field Day Abstracts: Highlights of Research Progress. Dept. of Crop and Soil Sciences Tech Report 16-1, WSU, Pullman, WA.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Pan, W., M. Reese, T. Beard, I. Madsen, and T. Maaz. 2016. Subsoil Quality: Do our subsoils provide wheat and canola roots with ample water and nutrients during grain filling? In 2016 Dryland Field Day Abstracts: Highlights of Research Progress. Dept. of Crop and Soil Sciences Tech Report 16-1, WSU, Pullman, WA.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Sowers, K., D. Roe, B. Pan, F. Young, A. Esser, and B. Schillinger. 2016. Extension and outreach: Getting oilseed information in the hands of stakeholders. p. 32-33. In Dryland Field Day Abstracts: Highlights of Research Progress. Dept. of Crop and Soil Sciences Tech. Report 16-1, WSU, Pullman, WA.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Young, F., L. Port, and W. Pan. 2016. Best Management Practices to Improve Low Rainfall Oilseed Production. In 2016 Dryland Field Day Abstracts: Highlights of Research Progress. Dept. of Crop and Soil Sciences Tech Report 16-1, WSU, Pullman, WA.
|
Progress 10/01/14 to 09/30/15
Outputs
Target Audience:Grain growers, crop consultants, processing industry personnel, bankers, government agencies, research peers. Changes/Problems:Please add Dr. Steve Fransen, Dr. Tim Paulitz, Dr. Frank Young to the PI list. Due to severe winter kill, and uncertainty about the future of the local processing facilities, and depressed canola prices, canola acreage was down in 2015 (34,000 acres) from 2014 (47,000 acres) and grain production was down 40%. 2015 was a perfect storm, and a rebound is anticipated in 2016, with mild Autumn temperatures, good snow cover, stabilization of the largest local crushing facility with its purchase by one of the largest companies in North America. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Six graduate students and early career professionals were provided with numerous opportunities to give stakeholder outreach presentations and research presentations at scientific conferences. Two graduate students focused on canola water and N use graduated. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Venues for outreach/education included Oilseed/Direct Seed Conference, Far West Agribusiness Assocation WA winter conference, REACCH Annual Conference, Field Days. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Conduct 3 regional oilseed production workshops in different production zones to attract first time canola growers, conduct field research tours, and present research at ASA. Continue research and extension publishing. Initiate new research focused on residue/vegetation management of winter canola, water and N use of winter canola, dual purpose canola for making forage and impacts on winter survival, continued development of economic rotational enterprise budgets, continued evaluation of diseases, varieties, insects in canola. Seed increase and farm scale evaluation of herbicide resistant camelina. PhD student Isaac Madsen will pursue collaboration with PNNL on a proposed U.S. Dept Energy Office of Science Graduate Student Research Program to 3D CT image ammonia toxicity in canola vs. wheat, which has ramifications for fertilizer placement, timing and source differences between the two crops. PhD student Pushpa Sharma will endeavor to identify canola cultivars with long coleoptiles for allowing deeper planting in dry conditions.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
Two major research summary papers on prospects and challenges for PNW oilseeds were accepted for publication. These papers address the uniqueness of the region and the challenge of oilseed integration into wheat dominated, semiarid region. Two? additional research publications on canola production were also accepted for publication on canola establishment and water/nitrogen requirements, that will soon be simplified into extension fact sheets. xx extension publications were accepted. The Blackleg team surveyed winter and spring canola around the state of Washington in Spring and Summer, 2015 to look for blackleg. Both overwintered residue and leaves were collected, and suspicious looking fungi were cultivated and identified. As of this date, we have not confirmed any finds of blackleg in WA. As a result of the team's efforts, the Washington State Department of Agriculture is modifying regulations on brassica (crucifer) seed in the entire state, including seed testing and fungicide seed treatments. The WOCS website (http://css.wsu.edu/biofuels/) user access increased again in 2015, with 9,715 page views and 2,467 users from 53 countries (up 15%), 45 states and 71 cities in Washington (up 9%). Thirty-three percent of Washington visitors accessed the website for the first time. Users from 17 cities in Oregon and 17 cities in Idaho also visited the website.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Pan, W.L., T. M. Maaz, W.A. Hammac, V.A. McCracken, R.T. Koenig. 2016. Mitscherlich-modeled, semi-arid canola nitrogen requirements influenced by soil N and water. Agron. J. Accepted for publication.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Nahar, K., and W. L. Pan. 2015. Urea Fertilization: Effects on growth, nutrient uptake and root development of the biodiesel plant, castor bean (Ricinus communis L).accepted for publication, American Journal of Experimental Agriculture 5: xxx-xxx. http://www.sdiarticle1.org/prh/AJEA_2/2014/Revised-manuscript_version1_12729.pdf
- Type:
Book Chapters
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Long D.S., F.Young, W.F.Schillinger, C.L.Reardon, J.D.Williams, B.L.Allen, W.L.Pan, D.J.Wysocki. 2016. "Ongoing development of dryland oilseed production systems in northwestern region of the United States". Bioenergy Research xx Accepted for publication.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Pan, W.L., FL Young, S. C Hulbert, D. R. Huggins, T.M. Maaz. 2016. Canola Integration into Semi-Arid Wheat Cropping Systems of the inland Pacific Northwestern U.S. Crop and Pasture Science xx Accepted for publication with revisions
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Evans, M A, Skinner, DZ, Koenig, RT, Hulbert SH, and Pan, WL. 2015. Effect of phosphorus, potassium and chloride on cold tolerance of winter canola (Brassica napus L.). J. Plant Nutr. DOI:10.1080/01904167.2014.990095
- Type:
Other
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Connolly JR., McCracken VA, Painter KM (2016) Enterprise Budget: Wheat and Canola Rotations in Eastern Washington Intermediate Rainfall Regions 12 to 16 . Washington State University Extension Publication. Washington State University, TB10. In press.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Paulitz, Timothy, Kurt Schroeder and Taylor L. Beard. 2015. Sclerotinia Stem Rot or White Mold of Canola (Oilseed Series). WSU Extension FS188E.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Whaley, Dale, Frank Young, Karen Sowers, and Dennis Roe. 2015. Cabbage Seedpod Weevil Management in Canola. WSU Extension FS1563 (submitted).
- Type:
Websites
Status:
Other
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Connolly, J. and McCracken, V.A. Rotational economic enterprise budgets in excel now available for low rainfall (<12) regions. http://css.wsu.edu/biofuels/
- Type:
Other
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Connolly JR, McCracken VA, Painter KM (2015b) Wheat and Canola Rotations in Eastern Washington Low Rainfall Regions (<12 ). Washington State University Extension Publication. Washington State University,. TB09 In press.
|
Progress 10/01/13 to 09/30/14
Outputs
Target Audience: Growers, government agencies, agribusiness crop consultants, oilseed processors. Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Planned and executed an oilseed/direct seed conference in conjunction with PNDSA, with growers indicating a high percentage learned at least one new concept they would use on their farm. Data on the conference: $61,900 corporate sponsorship, >500 registered with stakeholder groups: 214 industry, 201 growers, 61 university, 42 agency; 45 vendors, 40 research posters, 50 speakers with featured speakers from Australia, Canada, attendees from 16 U.S. states. Conference component ratings (over exhibitor/trade show, general session, breakout sessions, research/education posters, conference program, networking venues and time averaged 4.22/5 (4.13-4.28). Presented research and extension abstracts/posters on canola production at US Canola Association annual meetings with ASA, and at FWAA winter conference. Supported regional extension field day in Okanogan WA attended by over 100. Website http://css.wsu.edu/biofuels/ access increased in 2014, with 9,161 page views and 2570 users from 46 countries (up 28%), 45 states (up 5%) and 65 cities in Washington (up 2%). Forty-four percent of the visitors in Washington accessed the website for the first time, while 57% of all users were first time. There were also visits from 20 cities in Oregon and 13 cities in Idaho. 4 2014 journal publications (7 drafts), 2 extension publications published (2 drafts). How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Networked to oilseed producers, direct seed producers, agribusinesses, and web site on biofuels is accessed by stakeholders and researchers. 4 2014 journal publications (7 drafts), 2 extension publications published (3 drafts). What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Establish new research on winter canola N requirements over the biennial growing season. Publish journal papers and extension bulletins N requirements and N cycling of spring canola production, ammonia toxicity, Si cycling on soil physical properties, N effects on N fixation in pea.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
We saw an increase in canola acreage of 322% since 2011 to 43,000 acres. We identified benefits of canola to wheat production in improved weed control, increased soil quality due to lower Si cycling, the importance of accounting for residual N in formulating N requirements for spring canola, confirmed issues with NH3 toxicity of seed or deep placed N.
Publications
|
Progress 01/01/13 to 09/30/13
Outputs
Target Audience: Grain growers, crop consultants, government agencies, research peers. Changes/Problems: We have adjusted research to address pressing issues confronting growers and opportunities for optimizing canola production. Early seeding and soil moisture based seeding of winter canola for better stand establishment has been a recent priority. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? A major oilseed annual conference has evolved under this project. The two-day, 2013 conference in Kennewick, WA was attended by over 200 people. Regional and national/international speakers covered topics including crop and chemical rotation, nutrient and water use, economics, insects, diseases, end uses (livestock feed, food grade oil, biodiesel), oilseed varieties in the research pipeline, seeding, tillage and no-till, harvesting, and marketing. Breakout sessions provided time for attendees to engage in more in-depth discussion of production topics by rainfall zone and cropping system. Regional oilseed producers, university faculty and ag industry personnel presented information geared toward both new and experienced producers and end users. In Jan 2014 WBCS has teamed with Pacific Northwest Direct Seed Association to hold an integrated conference on oilseed and direct seed systems. Over 500 attendees were present for this two day conference, with keynote speakers from Australia, Canada and U.S. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? In addition to the annual conference described above, webinars and extension bulletins are being developed or are in review on crop rotation, canola seed bed establishment, nitrogen management, camelina production, and description of oilseed diseases. Oilseed production has been featured at field days and direct seed grower breakfasts. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? The WBCS team will continue to publish manuscripts and extension materials on the topics described above, continue to provide leadership in conference and field day organization to transfer information and technology related to oilseed production.
Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals?
The WA Biofuels Cropping Systems (WBCS) team has specifically focused on identifying key agronomic management and variety selection for maximizing oil seed production, and transferring that technology development to growers, crop consultants and oileed processors for increasing feedstock for local biodiesel, food grade oil, and animal feed production. Over the past three years we have fosteed more than a tripling of oilseed planted acreage in WA state to ~37,000 acres in parallel with state support of oilseed processing facilities, most notably in Warden and Odessa WA. Recommendations and tools have been developed for plant establishment, N management, economic assessment of oilseeds in rotation, pathogen and weed control
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Guy, S.O., D.J. Wysocki, W.F. Schillinger, T.G. Chastain, R.S. Karow, K. Garland-Campbell, and I.C. Burke. 2014. Camelina: Adaptation and performance of genotypes. Field Crops Research 155:224-232.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Sharratt, B.S., and W.F. Schillinger. 2014. Windblown dust potential from oilseed cropping systems in the Pacific Northwest United States. Agronomy Journal (in press).
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Wysocki, D.J., T.G. Chastain, W.F. Schillinger, S.O. Guy, and R.S. Karow. 2013. Camelina: Seed yield response to applied nitrogen and sulfur. Field Crops Research 145:60-66.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Under Review
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Zhao, J., J. Qui, D. Favero, P. Froese, E. Roalson, and MM Neff. Insights into the evolution of the AT hook motif containing nuclear localized (AHL) gene family in land plants. The Plant Journal (in review)
- Type:
Other
Status:
Awaiting Publication
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Schillinger, W.F., D.J. Wysocki, T.G. Chastain, S.O. Guy, and R.S. Karow. 2014. Camelina: Planting date and method effects on stand establishment and seed yield. WSU, OSU, UI Extension Bulletin (accepted).
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
McClellan Maaz, T., B. Pan, F. Young, and H. Kaur. 2013. Intensification and Diversification of Cropping Systems in the Inland Pacific Northwest. Far West Agribusiness Association Washington Annual Meetings, December 9-11, 2013, Pasco, WA
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Beard, T.L., T. M. Maaz, K. Borrelli, C. Xiao, and W.L. Pan. 2013. A comparison of wheat and canola residue: fiber and silica composition impacts on soil quality. Western Society of Crop Science Annual Meeting. June 11-12. Pendleton, OR.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
McClellan Maaz, T.M., W.L. Pan, R. Koenig, W.A. Hammac, F. Young. 2013. Nitrogen use by Pacific Northwest Dryland Canola (Brassica napus) and its effect on rotational N balances. Western Society of Crop Science Annual Meeting. June 11-12. Pendleton, OR.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Beard, T.L., T.M. Maaz, K. Borrelli, C. Xiao, and W.L. Pan. 2013. The effects of silicon and fiber composition from canola and wheat residue on soil quality. Soil Science Society of America Annual Meeting. November 3-6. Tampa, FL.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Hulbert, S., and I Burke. 2013. Development of Herbicide Tolerant Camelina Varieties . In 2013 Dryland Field Day Abstracts: Highlights of Research Progress. Dept. of Crop and Soil Sciences Tech. Report 13-1, WSU, Pullman, WA.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
McClellan Maaz, T., B. Pan, A. Hammac and F. Young. Assessing Crop Rotational N Use Efficiency Using an N Balance Approach. In 2013 Dryland Field Day Abstracts: Highlights of Research Progress. Dept. of Crop and Soil Sciences Tech. Report 13-1, WSU, Pullman, WA.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
McClellan Maaz, T., B. Pan, A. Hammac and R. Koenig. 2013. Nitrogen Use by Pacific Northwest Dryland Canola. In 2013 Dryland Field Day Abstracts: Highlights of Research Progress. Dept. of Crop and Soil Sciences Tech. Report 13-1, WSU, Pullman, WA.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
: McClellan Maaz, T.M., T.L. Beard, W.L. Pan. 2013. Nitrogen and Carbon Mineralization From Canola, Pea, and Wheat Residues With Differing N Content and Carbohydrate Composition. Soil Science Society of America Annual Meeting. November 3-6.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Schillinger, W.F., T.C. Paulitz, B.S. Sharratt, and W.L. Pan. 2013. Oilseed crops for biofuel production in wheat-based cropping systems in the Pacific Northwest, USA. International Conference on Agricultural Ecosystems, 15-18, July, Athens, Greece.
- Type:
Other
Status:
Under Review
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Connolly, J., and V. McCracken. 2013. Wheat and Canola Rotations in Eastern Washington Low Rainfall Regions (<12"). WSU Extension Fact Sheet
- Type:
Other
Status:
Under Review
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Connolly, J., and V. McCracken. 2014. Wheat and Canola Rotations in Eastern Washington Intermediate Rainfall Regions (12-16"). WSU Extension Fact Sheet
- Type:
Other
Status:
Under Review
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Connolly, J., and V. McCracken. 2014. Wheat and Canola Rotations in Eastern Washington Low Rainfall Regions (<12"). WSU Extension Fact Sheet
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Baxter-Potter, L., I. Burke, P Fuerst, S. Guy, T. Chastain, D. Wysocki, W. Schillinger. 2013. Analysis of Fatty Acid Content of Oilseeds. In 2013 Dryland Field Day Abstracts: Highlights of Research Progress. Dept. of Crop and Soil Sciences Tech. Report 13-1, WSU, Pullman, WA.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Beard, T., K. Borrelli, W.L. Pan, and C. Xiao. 2013. A comparison of oilseed and grass residue Si and Fiber Composition and Impacts on Soil Quality. In 2013 Dryland Field Day Abstracts: Highlights of Research Progress. Dept. of Crop and Soil Sciences Tech. Report 13-1, WSU, Pullman, WA.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Desta,K., H. Collins, R.O. Okwany, W. Pan. 2013. Double-Cropping Dual Purpose Irrigated Biennial Canola with Green Pea. In 2013 Dryland Field Day Abstracts: Highlights of Research Progress. Dept. of Crop and Soil Sciences Tech. Report 13-1, WSU, Pullman, WA.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
McCracken, V. and J. Connolly. 2013. Economic Returns of Canola Rotations in Eastern Washington. In 2013 Dryland Field Day Abstracts: Highlights of Research Progress. Dept. of Crop and Soil Sciences Tech. Report 13-1, WSU, Pullman, WA.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Neff, M., D. Favero, P. Koirala, J Qiu, J. Zhao. 2013. Increasing Seed Size and Seedling Emergence in the Brassicas Arabidopsis and Camelina. In 2013 Dryland Field Day Abstracts: Highlights of Research Progress. Dept. of Crop and Soil Sciences Tech. Report 13-1, WSU, Pullman, WA.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Pan, W. . 2013. The Oilseed Based Washington State Biofuels Cropping Systems (WBCS) Project. In 2013 Dryland Field Day Abstracts: Highlights of Research Progress. Dept. of Crop and Soil Sciences Tech. Report 13-1, WSU, Pullman, WA.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Pan, W., A. Hammac, I. Madsen, L. Graves, K. Sowers, and L. Young. 2013. Oilseed Root Characteristics: Implications for Water and Nutrient Management. In 2013 Dryland Field Day Abstracts: Highlights of Research Progress. Dept. of Crop and Soil Sciences Tech. Report 13-1, WSU, Pullman, WA
Citation Type: Conferences, Papers & Presentations
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Schillinger, W., H. Johnson, J. Jacobsen, S. Schofstoll, A. Kennedy, and T. Paulitz. 2013. Winter canola rotation benefit experiment in the intermediate precipitation zone. p. 52-53. In 2013 Dryland Field Day Abstracts: Highlights of Research Progress. Dept. of Crop and Soil Sciences Tech. Report 13-1, WSU, Pullman, WA.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Roe, D, F. Young, D. Whaley, W. Pan. 2013. Winter canola production in the low to intermediate rainfall zone of the PNW. In 2013 Dryland Field Day Abstracts: Highlights of Research Progress. Dept. of Crop and Soil Sciences Tech. Report 13-1, WSU, Pullman, WA.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Schillinger, W., T. Paulitz, J. Schibel, K. Schroeder, J. Jacobsen, and S. Schofstoll. 2013. Management of fresh wheat residue for irrigated winter canola production. p. 55. In 2013 Dryland Field Day Abstracts: Highlights of Research Progress. Dept. of Crop and Soil Sciences Tech. Report 13-1, WSU, Pullman, WA.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Schillinger, W., R. Jirava, J. Jacobsen, and S. Schofstoll. 2013. Safflower cropping systems experiment in the low-precipitation zone. p. 63. In 2013 Dryland Field Day Abstracts: Highlights of Research Progress. Dept. of Crop and Soil Sciences Tech. Report 13-1, WSU, Pullman, WA.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Schillinger, W.F., J.A. Jacobsen, S.E. Schofstoll, B.S. Sharratt, and B.E. Sauer. 2013. Long-term camelina cropping systems experiment at Lind. p. 64-65. In 2013 Dryland Field Day Abstracts: Highlights of Research Progress. Dept. of Crop and Soil Sciences Tech. Report 13-1, WSU, Pullman, WA.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Schillinger, W.F. 2013. Camelina: What will it take to make this crop attractive to Pacific Northwest growers? p. 65-66. In 2013 Dryland Field Day Abstracts: Highlights of Research Progress. Dept. of Crop and Soil Sciences Tech. Report 13-1, WSU, Pullman, WA.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Sharratt, B.S., and W.F. Schillinger. 2013. Wind erosion potential from oilseed cropping systems. p. 62-63. In 2013 Dryland Field Day Abstracts: Highlights of Research Progress. Dept. of Crop and Soil Sciences Tech. Report 13-1, WSU, Pullman, WA.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Sowers, K. E., D. Roe, F. Young, A. Esser, D. Whaley, W. Pan. 2013. Oilseed Extension and Outreach Activities and Outcomes. In 2013 Dryland Field Day Abstracts: Highlights of Research Progress. Dept. of Crop and Soil Sciences Tech. Report 13-1, WSU, Pullman, WA.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Agostini, A., Johnson, D. A., Hulbert, S., Demoz, B., Fernando, W. G. D. and Paulitz, T. C. 2013. First report of blackleg caused by Leptosphaeria maculans on canola in Idaho. Plant Disease 97: 842.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Babiker, E. M., Hulbert, S. H., Schroeder, K. L. and Paulitz, T. C. 2013 Evaluation of Brassica species for resistance to Rhizoctonia solani and binucleate Rhizoctonia (Ceratobasidum spp.) under controlled environment conditions. European Journal of Plant Pathology DOI 10.1007/s10658-013-0205-8.
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Esser, A.D. 2013. Weed Control Benefits of Canola IN ROTATION. Washington State Weed Association Annual Conference. Wenatchee, WA. November 6-8. (Presentation)
- Type:
Other
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Paulitz, T. C. and Schroeder, K. 2013. Fact Sheet. Sclerotinia Stem Rot or White Mold of Canola. Extension Bulletin
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Esser, A.D., D. Appel. 2013. Spring Canola on the WSU Wilke Research and Extension Farm in 2012. Pacific Northwest Oilseed Conference. Kennewick, WA. February 22-23. (Poster)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Esser, A.D. 2013. Controlling Wireworms in Cereal Grain Production Plus WSU Wilke Canola. Central Washington Grain Growers Meeting. Wilbur, Washington, January 30. (Presentation)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Esser, A.D. 2013. Controlling Wireworms in Cereal Grain Production Plus WSU Wilke Canola. Reardan Grain Growers Meeting. Reardan, Washington, March 5. (Presentation)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Esser, A.D., R. Brunner. 2013. Spring Canola Production in Almira. Northern Lincoln County Field Tour. Wilbur, WA. June 26. (Presentation)
- Type:
Conference Papers and Presentations
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Esser, A.D and D. Appel. 2013. WSU Wilke Research and Extension Farm, Operations, Production, and Economic Performance, 2013. Adams County Technical Report WREF 13.
|
Progress 01/01/12 to 12/31/12
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Over 20 research and extension faculty, staff and students have conducted Research and Extension activities across the state. Applied agronomic and genetic research has lead to research and extension publications that underpinned workshops and field days on oilseed production. Additional NSF and USDA funding further supports the effort. Outputs: In 2012, we organized and conducted production workshops at Odessa and Colfax, and supported oilseed presentations at Wilke, Lind, Prosser Field Days, as well as at the Bioenergy Research Symposium in Seattle and the Far West Agribusiness Association Winter Conference in Pasco. PARTICIPANTS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period. TARGET AUDIENCES: Growers; agribusiness; agencies; food, fuel, feed end users PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.
Impacts
According to National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) and Farm Service Agency (FSA) data, canola production increased by 48% in 2012 compared to 2011, and by >100% since 2008 at the initiation of this project, due to: 1) increased canola prices, 2) favorable environmental growing conditions for winter canola, and most importantly, 3) improved grower awareness and knowledge of canola production opportunities and best management practices disseminated by our Washington state Biofuels Cropping System (WCBS) project. Feedback from the oilseed production workshops was very positive, and communication between Washington State University (WSU) and workshop attendees continues to increase via phone conversations, emails, and website visits. There is increased awareness of building market opportunities, and agronomic advantages of oilseed production. Growers were surveyed at Odessa and Colfax with clicker survey instruments during 2012 workshops. Those returning from the 2011 workshops were asked about applying previously learned concepts in oilseed production. Eighty eight percent of attendees indicated they learned at least one new concept that they can use in future production practices and 80 percent of attendees indicated they will try growing oilseeds in the future. Adult direct contacts were calculated as summation of attendance at workshops, field days, tours, conferences. Adult indirect contacts are visits to the WSU biofuels cropping systems project website.
Publications
- Kincaid R.L., K.A.Johnson, J.J.Michal, A.C.Huisman, S.H.Hulbert, W.L.Pan 2012. Case Study: Production of silage containing biennial canola and peas for use as forage in a dairy rotation.. The Professional Animal Scientist 28:120-124.
- Walsh D., E.Babiker, I.Burke, S.H.Hulbert 2012. Camelina Mutants Resistant to Acetolactate Synthase Inhibitor Herbicides.. Molecular Breeding : New Strategies in Plant Improvement. 30:1053-1063.
|
Progress 01/01/11 to 12/31/11
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Three winter workshops were attended by over 300 people. Attendees increased their general knowledge of oilseed agronomics, economics, and genetics. Summer field days at Mt Vernon, Lind, Okanogan, Davenport, and Pullman were attended by over 500 people. Each field day featured stops demonstrating oilseed research findings. Two presentations on oilseed and celluloid feedstocks were made at the 2011 WA Future Energy Conference to 60 biofuel researchers and processing industry personnel. The Washington (WA) State University (WSU) Biofuels website had 1900 hits from 20 countries, mostly 27 US states, with 1200 of the hits from WA State. Presentations were also given at 2011 WSU CAHNRS All Faculty Conference and the WA Canola and Rapeseed Commission meeting. PARTICIPANTS: K.Sowers, R.Roe, S.Hulbert, W.Schillinger, A.Esser, S.Guy, D.Huggins, F.Young, Desta, Collins, T.Miller, C.Cogger, S.Fransen, T.Paulitz, V.McCracken, M.Neff. TARGET AUDIENCES: Growers, Ag consultants, seed dealers, biodiesel industry, animal feed industry, government agencies, public. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.
Impacts
Canola production increased by 40% in 2011 compared to 2008-2010, due to: 1) increased canola prices; 2) favorable environmental growing conditions for winter canola; and 3) improved grower awareness and knowledge of canola production opportunities and best management practices disseminated by our efforts. For example, in north central Washington (Douglas County), six producers planted winter canola for the first time after watching a neighbor and WSU/USDA-ARS successfully raise winter canola and reduce weed populations that had been a problem for years. Feedback from the oilseed production workshops was very positive, and communication between WSU and workshop attendees continues to increase via phone conversations, emails, and website visits. A survey conducted at the 2011 workshops revealed that 53% of the producers in attendance had tried growing oilseed crops in the past, but 93% would consider growing an oilseed crop in the future. In addition, 23% of attendees reported their agronomic knowledge about oilseed production increased and 27% of attendees increased their knowledge of oilseed economics over the course of the day. Several growers and industry representatives strongly encouraged another set of workshops for 2012, which are now planned for January 2012. We have raised over $6000 in industry support for the 2012 workshops.
Publications
- Koenig, R. T., W. A. Hammac, W. L. Pan. 2011. Canola growth, development and fertility. WSU Extension Fact Sheet FS045E.
- Sowers, K.E., R.D. Roe, and W.L. Pan. 2011. Oilseed Production Case Studies in the Eastern Washington High Rainfall Zone. WSU Extension Manual EM037E.
- Sowers, K.E., R.D. Roe, and W.L. Pan. 2011. Oilseed Production Case Studies in the Eastern Washington Lowe to Intermediate High Rainfall Zone. WSU Extension Manual EM (in press)
- Hulbert, S., S. Guy, B. Pan, T. Paulitz, B. Schillinger, D. Wysocki, K. Sowers. 2011. Camelina production in the dryland Pacific Northwest. WSU Extension Fact Sheet (in press)
- Hammac, A., W.L.Pan, R.P.Bolton, R.T.Koenig. 2011. A high resolution imaging system to assess root hair development of oilseed crops in response to water stress. Plant Soil (in press).
- Kincaid, R., K. Johnson, J. Michal, S. Hulbert, W. Pan, J. Barbano, and A. Huisman. 2011. Biennial canola for forage and ecosystem improvement in dryland cropping systems. 2011. Advances in Animal Biosciences 2(2):457.
- Street IH, Shah PK, Smith AM, Avery N, and Neff MM (2008) The AT-Hook Containing Proteins SOB3/AHL29 and ESC/AHL27 are Negative Modulators of Hypocotyl Growth in Arabidopsis. Plant Journal 54 1-14.
- Patent applied for October 2010: Genetic manipulation of the AT-hook domain in plant AHL genes to modulate cell growth" Inventor: Michael M. Neff. Owner: Washington State University
- Young, F.L. and D.L. Long. Effect of planting methods on spring canola establishment and yield in the low-rainfall region of the Pacific Northwest. 2011. Crop Management. Accepted with revision November 4, 2011.
- Schillinger, W.F., D.J. Wysocki, T.G. Chastain, S.O. Guy, and R.S. Karow. 2011. Camelina planting date and method impacts stands and seed yield in the Pacific Northwest USA. Field Crops Research (submitted).
- Schillinger, W.F., D.J. Wysocki, T.G. Chastain, S.O. Guy, and R.S. Karow. 2011. Camelina: Planting date and method impacts on stands and seed yield in Oregon, Washington, and Idaho [CD-ROM]. American Society of Agronomy annual meeting, 16-20 Oct., San Antonio, TX. ASA, CSSA, and SSSA Abstracts.
- Wysocki, D.J., W.F. Schillinger, S.O. Guy, T.G. Chastain, and R.S. Karow. 2011. Camelina: Grain yield and protein response to applied nitrogen in Oregon, Washington, and Idaho. CD-ROM]. American Society of Agronomy annual meeting, 16-20 Oct., San Antonio, TX. ASA, CSSA, and SSSA Abstracts.
- Chastain, T.G., S.O. Guy, W.F. Schillinger, D.J. Wysocki, and R.S. Karow. 2011. Camelina: Genotype and environment impacts on seed yield in Washington, Oregon, and Idaho. [CD-ROM]. American Society of Agronomy annual meeting, 16-20 Oct., San Antonio, TX. ASA, CSSA, and SSSA Abstracts.
- Sowers, Karen, Dennis Roe and William Pan. 2011. Tailoring Extension Education Efforts to Region-Specific Oilseed Production Zones In Washington State. American Society of Agronomy annual meeting, 16-20 Oct., San Antonio, TX. ASA, CSSA, and SSSA Abstracts.
- Hammac, Ashley, William Pan, Richard Koenig and Ian Burke. 2011. Nitrogen and Sulfur Fertility Effect On Canola (Brassica napus) Protein Content and Fatty Acid Profile. American Society of Agronomy annual meeting, 16-20 Oct., San Antonio, TX. ASA, CSSA, and SSSA Abstracts.
|
Progress 01/01/10 to 12/31/10
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Highlights of project progress to date include: 1. Cold tolerance tests in the lab and late-seeded field trials of commercial winter canola showed varieties had little to no tolerance to early frosts when the plants are seedlings. However, earlier planting dates in June and July with and without interseeded legumes have resulted in consistent stand establishment. A 34-entry canola variety field trial identified cold hardy lines, as during Fall 2009 we had the most extreme cold stress without snow cover at Pullman in 50 years, and only the third time in 55 years at Davenport. Regrowth and yield measurements in 2010 determined the success of utilizing winter canola as a biennial crop, both as a forage and seed source, in eastern and central WA. Visual surveys at Davenport indicated that some winter varieties at Davenport survived the severe freezing stress. 2. Canola has proven to be a very effective scavenger of residual soil N in both dryland and irrigated areas, based on our demonstrated maximum yield with no N fertilizer in irrigated canola, and our achievement of 80-90% maximum yield with no N fertilizer in dryland field studies. These results may lead to revision of currently published fertilizer N recommendations for canola in the PNW and ultimately alter life cycle analyses of energy inputs and GHG emissions for PNW canola production. Canola is being grown by deep well irrigators because it is an early maturing crop that saves water. Safflower was also produced with low N rates and deficit irrigation in central WA. 3. Canola acreage is increasing in north central WA as growers become more educated about the basic agronomics of production; several growers have modified equipment based on research results. A partnership established between the Colville Confederated Tribes, non-tribe growers, and several agencies has resulted in production of canola-based biodiesel that is used in a school bus on the reservation. There is potential to produce enough biodiesel to use in all of the school buses and logging trucks on the reservation, and canola meal for 10,000 head of cattle. 4. Winter canola production will ultimately be determined by market price in relationship to winter wheat. Winter canola was competitively priced with wheat over the past year, resulting in more positive economic analyses and encouraging more growers to experiment with canola. 5. Oilseed crop and variety recommendations can be more site-specific based on oil analysis and yield results from the different agro-climatic zones of Washington. The biodiesel industry has discussed making variety recommendations for narrowing quality specifications of feedstocks, and our oil composition analysis will help inform the industry on biodiesel quality related oil characteristics. 6. Early (mid-August) planted winter canola produced high yields at Puyallup, WA with twice the yield as a mid-September planting. Low yields of camelina, mustard and flax at Mount Vernon may be fertility related; cool, wet weather also has an impact on crop success. 7. Data thus far show that winter canola uses more soil water than winter wheat and that grain yield of the crop after winter canola is low. PARTICIPANTS: Peter Moulton (WA Dept Commerce), Mary Beth Lange (WSDA), Dave Sjoding (WSU Energy), Ray Willard (WA DOT) TARGET AUDIENCES: Farmers, biofuel processing producers, farm credit, state agencies, ag consulting industries PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: The following WSU employees have departed the project due to retirement: Robert Stevens, and An Hang. WSU employees added to the project include: Stephen Guy, Vicki McCracken, and Michael Neff. USDA-ARS employees added include: Tim Paulitz, David Huggins, Frank Young, and Hal Collins.
Impacts
Oilseed acreage is increasing in some WA regions such as Okanogan. Interest in oilseed cropping continues to rise, and workshops planned during 2010 for early 2011 promise to educate farmers on opportunities, constraints, and best management practices. Connections with vertical biofuel processing continues to strengthen for ground and aviation fuel.
Publications
- Hammac, A., W.L.Pan, R.P.Bolton, and R.T.Koenig. 2010. High Resolution Imaging of in situ Root Hair Development to Assess Oilseed Species Responses to Water Stress. The Proceedings of the International Plant Nutrition Colloquium XVI, Department of Plant Sciences, UC Davis, UC Davis. International Plant Nutrition Colloquium. Aug. 2009. Davis, CA.
|
Progress 01/01/09 to 12/31/09
Outputs
OUTPUTS: Biofuels workshops, seminars were provided at 15 WA state venues that were attended by over 3000 participants. Participants learned about the latest research and best management practices for promoting oilseed production in WA State. Three extension bulletins were produced from the project: WSU EM006E on irrigated winter and spring canola by Hang, Collins and Sowers (Pan served as supervisor, only, so the publication is not listed with this CRIS); and two on switchgrass by Fransen. Case studies continue on 18 canola growers statewide. Primary concerns and questions were surveyed. Top research needs were identified. We have networked with state agencies including the governor's office of CTED, WSDA, WA DOE on biofuel cropping issues and programming. The project has provided expert input into WA state agency discussions on oilseed life cycle analyses for rating canola based biodiesel. A biofuels cropping systems website is maintained and updated to provide links to latest research and news on biofuels cropping http://css.wsu.edu/biofuels/. PARTICIPANTS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period. TARGET AUDIENCES: Current and prospective oilseed producers PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.
Impacts
The research and extension project supports biofuel startup industries such as Inland Empire Oilseed, Inc, which is 78% owned by Odessa Union Warehouse and Reardan Grain Growers (1400 members). The company has 20 full and part time employees, and projects to purchase locally produced feedstocks ($7-10 million), and sell fuel, glycerin and meal-feed ($35 million). The project (F. Young, D. Roe) supports a growing canola producing area in Okanagon with the Colville tribe, which has also built a biodiesel production facility.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
|
Progress 01/01/08 to 12/31/08
Outputs
OUTPUTS: First year research was completed and published to the Washington State University (WSU) Biofuels Cropping web site. Results were discussed at PCF, Lind, Puyallup, Prosser Field Days. WA Interagency Renewable Energy Task Force organized a tour of renewable energy projects, including a tour of field research at Prosser for politicians and other stakeholders. An irrigated canola extension bulletin is in review. Research has identified constraints, challenges and opportunities for sustainably producing biofuel crops in WA state. Summary of research findings: 1. Irrigated canola yields were > 2.5 T/acre, managed with deficit irrigation at Prosser, demonstrating the crop has high water use efficiency, potentially saving water and pump electricity costs. Furthermore, the crop matures quickly, allowing for the possibility of double cropping under irrigation, which would further increase the seasonal land unit productivity. 2. Spring canola can be established in heavy residue (i.e. winter wheat) with wider row spacing than traditional row spacing, and yield the same or better as achieved with narrow row spacing. 3. Spring camelina grows well under conditions in which spring cereals grow well. Camelina did not perform well in environments in which spring wheat also did not perform well (Lind, WA). However, camelina has been shown that it can yield well (up to 1 T/acre) following winter wheat in an intermediate rainfall zone. 4. Significant progress has been made in developing non GM, herbicide tolerant camelina germplasm , which would offer increased opportunities for weed control in cereal based rotations. 5. Winter canola seedling establishment in the fall is undependably variable under dryland conditions of eastern WA due to dry, hot soil conditions, limiting growing degree days for late seedings, and potential winterkill due to frost sensitivity. Deep furrow planting techniques used to plant wheat in the area do not work for oilseed crops. Early fall rains or drill modifications are needed to consistently establish canola in the fall in this region. However, true winter canola is a biennial, not an annual crop, which opens up opportunities for establishing a solid stand with developed root system during the first season with a spring planting in an otherwise fallow season, perhaps graze the vegetation the first year, and then allow the crop to produce seed in the second season. Theoretically, stand establishment will be more successful, and yields will be higher and more stable. Use of a herbicide resistant variety would further allow for a modified chemical fallow-like rotation with this approach. 6. Oilseeds can be used in a deficit irrigation rotation, providing more water for the next crop (e.g. potatoes) 7. Switchgrass can be successful in the northern basin. 8. Drill modifications are being made to move soil out of the furrow for more successful canola emergence, as well as to optimize seed to soil contact. Further modifications are being implemented this crop season. PARTICIPANTS: 23 Crop and Soil Sciences and ARS scientists/extension personnel. TARGET AUDIENCES: Statewide crop producers, state agency and legislative representatives PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.
Impacts
Stakeholder and grower awareness of challenges and opportunities in transitioning cropping systems to include biofuel crops was increased through outreach activities described above. We have supported a viable biodiesel production facility in Odessa WA.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
|
Progress 01/01/07 to 12/31/07
Outputs
OUTPUTS: More than twenty Washington State Universiyt (WSU) and USDA scientists located across Washington State have begun to evaluate numerous alternative crops that could feed biofuel production in the state. The project is evaluating crop adaptation and productivity in four major growing regions of Washington - eastern WA (high rainfall, and low to intermediate rainfall), central irrigated WA, and western WA. A primary challenge will be to compatibly fit these alternative crops into the predominant crop rotations of each region. Improving economically and environmentally sustainable yield productivity and stability of these biofuel crops are principal goals. Further potential for developing value added bioproducts such as animal feed, fiber products, and biopesticides will improve the economic viability of these crops. The information gained from the multiple research projects will provide valuable insight to producers who are interested in growing biofuel crops but have not had
relevant agronomic data from Washington available to support their efforts. In the two rainfall zones of eastern Washington, canola, mustard and camelina are major oilseed crops being studied. Seed germination and seedling establishment in dry soils, crop winter hardiness and frost tolerance, disease and insect susceptibility, and drought stress tolerance are among the regional challenges for integrated management, variety selection and improvement. Other oilseed candidates include sunflower, flax, linola, safflower and lupine. Integration of these crops into the wheat-barley-legume and wheat-fallow rotations of eastern Washington will be a major factor in the success of any of the oilseeds. Researchers will also be defining unique fertility requirements, disease and weed pressures, and weed control options in this dryland region. Irrigation water in the basins of central Washington reduces problems in crop establishment, but significant adoption of these oilseed crops still depends
on their economic competitiveness with other high value crops that can be grown in the region. Researchers are defining fertilizer and irrigation management requirements and productivity of canola, camelina, sunflower, flax, safflower and soybean. Peanuts are another potentially viable biofuel crop being introduced into this region. Weed scientists will be conducting herbicide tolerance studies and oil composition analysis for these crops produced in central Washington as well as the other regions involved in the project. In western Washington, research will focus on the organic production of canola, as well as basic agronomic production requirements for oilseed crops in this region. While there will not likely be a premium for organic biodiesel, the organic canola meal will be in high demand with organic dairy producers. Another objective for this region will be ensuring that any increase in acreage will not jeopardize the integrity of the brassica seed production in the region.
TARGET AUDIENCES: Growers, biofueld industry
Impacts
This project has just been initiated, and outcomes/impacts have yet to be realized.
Publications
- No publications reported this period
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